THE_AT AMERICAN_JJ RECOVERY_NN1 AND_CC REINVESTMENT_NP1 ACT_NN1 OF_IO 2009_MC The_AT economy_NN1 is_VBZ in_II a_AT1 crisis_NN1 not_XX seen_VVN since_CS the_AT Great_JJ Depression_NN1 ._. 
Credit_NN1 is_VBZ frozen_VVN ,_, consumer_NN1 purchasing_NN1 power_NN1 is_VBZ in_II decline_NN1 ,_, in_II the_AT last_MD four_MC months_NNT2 the_AT country_NN1 has_VHZ lost_VVN 2_MC million_NNO jobs_NN2 and_CC we_PPIS2 are_VBR expected_VVN to_TO lose_VVI another_DD1 3_MC to_II 5_MC million_NNO in_II the_AT next_MD year_NNT1 ._. 
Conservative_JJ economist_NN1 Mark_NP1 Zandi_NP1 was_VBDZ blunt_JJ :_: "_" the_AT economy_NN1 is_VBZ shutting_VVG down_RP ._. "_" 
This_DD1 bill_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT first_MD crucial_JJ step_NN1 in_II a_AT1 concerted_JJ effort_NN1 to_TO create_VVI and_CC save_VVI 3_MC to_II 4_MC million_NNO jobs_NN2 ,_, jumpstart_VV0 our_APPGE economy_NN1 ,_, and_CC begin_VV0 the_AT process_NN1 of_IO transforming_VVG it_PPH1 for_IF the_AT 21st_MD century_NNT1 with_IW $275_NNU billion_NNO in_II economic_JJ recovery_NN1 tax_NN1 cuts_NN2 and_CC $550_NNU billion_NNO in_II thoughtful_JJ and_CC carefully_RR targeted_VVN priority_NN1 investments_NN2 with_IW unprecedented_JJ accountability_NN1 measures_NN2 built_VVD in_RP ._. 
The_AT economy_NN1 is_VBZ in_II such_DA trouble_NN1 that_CST ,_, even_RR with_IW passage_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 bill_NN1 ,_, unemployment_NN1 rates_NN2 are_VBR expected_VVN to_TO rise_VVI to_II between_II eight_MC and_CC nine_MC percent_NNU this_DD1 year_NNT1 ._. 
Without_IW this_DD1 bill_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 are_VBR warned_VVN that_DD1 unemployment_NN1 could_VM explode_VVI to_TO near_VVI twelve_MC percent_NNU ._. 
With_IW passage_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 bill_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 will_VM face_VVI a_AT1 large_JJ deficit_NN1 for_IF years_NNT2 to_TO come_VVI ._. 
Without_IW it_PPH1 ,_, those_DD2 deficits_NN2 will_VM be_VBI devastating_JJ and_CC we_PPIS2 face_VV0 the_AT risk_NN1 of_IO economic_JJ chaos_NN1 ._. 
Tough_JJ choices_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN made_VVN in_II this_DD1 legislation_NN1 and_CC fiscal_JJ discipline_NN1 will_VM demand_VVI more_RGR tough_JJ choices_NN2 in_II years_NNT2 to_TO come_VVI ._. 
Since_II 2001_MC ,_, as_CSA worker_NN1 productivity_NN1 went_VVD up_RP ,_, 96%_NNU of_IO the_AT income_NN1 growth_NN1 in_II this_DD1 country_NN1 went_VVD to_II the_AT wealthiest_JJT 10%_NNU of_IO society_NN1 ._. 
While_CS they_PPHS2 were_VBDR benefitting_VVG from_II record_JJ high_NN1 worker_NN1 productivity_NN1 ,_, the_AT remaining_JJ 90%_NNU of_IO American_NN1 's_GE were_VBDR struggling_VVG to_TO sustain_VVI their_APPGE standard_NN1 of_IO living_NN1 ._. 
They_PPHS2 sustained_VVD it_PPH1 by_II borrowing_NN1 ..._... and_CC borrowing_NN1 ..._... and_CC borrowing_NN1 ,_, and_CC when_CS they_PPHS2 could_VM n't_XX borrow_VVI anymore_RR ,_, the_AT bottom_NN1 fell_VVD out_RP ._. 
This_DD1 plan_NN1 will_VM strengthen_VVI the_AT middle_JJ class_NN1 ,_, not_XX just_RR Wall_NP1 Street_NNL1 CEOs_NN2 and_CC special_JJ interests_NN2 in_II Washington_NP1 ._. 
The_AT short_JJ term_NN1 task_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO try_VVI to_TO prevent_VVI the_AT loss_NN1 of_IO millions_NNO2 of_IO jobs_NN2 and_CC get_VV0 our_APPGE economy_NN1 moving_VVG ._. 
The_AT long_JJ term_NN1 task_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO make_VVI the_AT needed_VVN investments_NN2 that_CST restore_VV0 the_AT ability_NN1 of_IO average_JJ middle_JJ income_NN1 families_NN2 to_TO increase_VVI their_APPGE income_NN1 and_CC build_VVI a_AT1 decent_JJ future_NN1 for_IF their_APPGE children_NN2 ._. 
Unprecedented_JJ Accountability_NN1 :_: The_AT bill_NN1 contains_VVZ a_AT1 historic_JJ level_NN1 of_IO transparency_NN1 ,_, oversight_NN1 and_CC accountability_NN1 that_CST will_VM help_VVI guarantee_NN1 taxpayer_NN1 dollars_NNU2 are_VBR spent_VVN wisely_RR and_CC Americans_NN2 can_VM see_VVI results_NN2 for_IF their_APPGE investment_NN1 ._. 
In_II many_DA2 instances_NN2 funds_NN2 are_VBR distributed_VVN through_II existing_JJ formulas_NN2 to_II programs_NN2 with_IW proven_JJ track_NN1 records_NN2 and_CC accountability_NN1 measures_NN2 already_RR in_II place_NN1 ._. 
How_RRQ funds_NN2 are_VBR spent_VVN ,_, all_DB announcements_NN2 of_IO contract_NN1 and_CC grant_VV0 competitions_NN2 and_CC awards_NN2 ,_, and_CC formula_NN1 grant_NN1 allocations_NN2 must_VM be_VBI posted_VVN on_II a_AT1 special_JJ website_NN1 created_VVN by_II the_AT President_NN1 ._. 
Program_NN1 managers_NN2 will_VM also_RR be_VBI listed_VVN so_RR the_AT public_NN1 knows_VVZ who_PNQS to_TO hold_VVI accountable_JJ ._. 
Public_JJ notification_NN1 of_IO funding_NN1 must_VM include_VVI a_AT1 description_NN1 of_IO the_AT investment_NN1 funded_VVN ,_, the_AT purpose_NN1 ,_, the_AT total_JJ cost_NN1 and_CC why_RRQ the_AT activity_NN1 should_VM be_VBI funded_VVN with_IW recovery_NN1 dollars_NNU2 ._. 
Governors_NN2 ,_, mayors_NN2 or_CC others_NN2 making_VVG funding_NN1 decisions_NN2 must_VM personally_RR certify_VVI that_CST the_AT investment_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN fully_RR vetted_VVN and_CC is_VBZ an_AT1 appropriate_JJ use_NN1 of_IO taxpayer_NN1 dollars_NNU2 ._. 
This_DD1 will_VM also_RR be_VBI placed_VVN on_II the_AT recovery_NN1 website_NN1 ._. 
A_AT1 Recovery_NN1 Act_NN1 Accountability_NN1 and_CC Transparency_NN1 Board_NN1 will_VM be_VBI created_VVN to_TO review_VVI management_NN1 of_IO recovery_NN1 dollars_NNU2 and_CC provide_VVI early_JJ warning_NN1 of_IO problems_NN2 ._. 
The_AT seven_MC member_NN1 board_NN1 includes_VVZ Inspectors_NN2 General_NN1 and_CC Deputy_NN1 Cabinet_NN1 secretaries_NN2 ._. 
The_AT Government_NN1 Accountability_NN1 Office_NN1 and_CC the_AT Inspectors_NN2 General_NN1 are_VBR provided_VVN additional_JJ funding_NN1 and_CC access_NN1 for_IF special_JJ review_NN1 of_IO recovery_NN1 funding_NN1 ._. 
Federal_JJ and_CC state_VV0 whistleblowers_NN2 who_PNQS report_VV0 fraud_NN1 and_CC abuse_NN1 are_VBR protected_VVN ._. 
There_EX are_VBR no_AT earmarks_NN2 in_II this_DD1 bill_NN1 ._. 
This_DD1 bill_NN1 targets_NN2 investments_NN2 to_TO key_VVI areas_NN2 that_CST will_VM create_VVI and_CC preserve_VVI good_JJ jobs_NN2 at_II the_AT same_DA time_NNT1 as_CSA it_PPH1 is_VBZ strengthening_VVG the_AT ability_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 economy_NN1 to_TO become_VVI more_RGR efficient_JJ and_CC produce_VVI more_DAR opportunities_NN2 for_IF employment_NN1 ._. 
Clean_JJ ,_, Efficient_JJ ,_, American_JJ Energy_NN1 :_: To_TO put_VVI people_NN back_RP to_TO work_VVI today_RT and_CC reduce_VVI our_APPGE dependence_NN1 on_II foreign_JJ oil_NN1 tomorrow_RT ,_, the_AT bill_NN1 strengthens_VVZ efforts_NN2 directed_VVN at_II doubling_VVG renewable_JJ energy_NN1 production_NN1 and_CC renovates_VVZ public_JJ buildings_NN2 to_TO make_VVI them_PPHO2 more_RRR energy_NN1 efficient._NNU $32_NNU billion_NNO to_TO transform_VVI the_AT nation_NN1 's_GE energy_NN1 transmission_NN1 ,_, distribution_NN1 ,_, and_CC production_NN1 systems_NN2 by_II allowing_VVG for_IF a_AT1 smarter_JJR and_CC better_JJR grid_NN1 and_CC focusing_VVG investment_NN1 in_II renewable_JJ technology._NNU $16_NNU billion_NNO to_TO repair_VVI public_JJ housing_NN1 and_CC make_VVI key_JJ energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 retrofits._NNU $6_NNU billion_NNO to_TO weatherize_VVI modest-income_JJ homes_NN2 ._. 
Transform_VV0 our_APPGE Economy_NN1 with_IW Science_NN1 and_CC Technology_NN1 :_: Our_APPGE nation_NN1 needs_VVZ to_TO put_VVI scientists_NN2 to_TO work_VVI looking_VVG for_IF the_AT next_MD great_JJ discovery_NN1 ,_, creating_VVG jobs_NN2 in_II cutting_VVG and_CC make_VV0 smart_JJ investments_NN2 that_CST will_VM help_VVI businesses_NN2 in_II every_AT1 community_NN1 succeed_VV0 in_II a_AT1 global_JJ economy_NN1 ._. 
For_IF every_AT1 dollar_NNU1 invested_VVN in_II broadband_NN1 the_AT economy_NN1 sees_VVZ a_AT1 ten-fold_JJ return_NN1 on_II that_DD1 investment._NNU $10_NNU billion_NNO for_IF science_NN1 facilities_NN2 ,_, research_NN1 ,_, and_CC instrumentation._NNU $6_NNU billion_NNO to_TO expand_VVI broadband_JJ internet_NN1 access_NN1 so_RR businesses_NN2 in_II rural_JJ and_CC other_JJ underserved_JJ areas_NN2 can_VM link_VVI up_II21 to_II22 the_AT global_JJ economy_NN1 ._. 
Modernize_VV0 Roads_NN2 ,_, Bridges_NP1 ,_, Transit_NN1 and_CC Waterways_NN2 :_: To_TO build_VVI a_AT1 21st_MD century_NNT1 economy_NN1 ,_, contractors_NN2 must_VM be_VBI engaged_VVN across_II the_AT nation_NN1 to_TO create_VVI jobs_NN2 rebuilding_VVG our_APPGE crumbling_JJ roads_NN2 ,_, and_CC bridges_NN2 ,_, modernize_VV0 public_JJ buildings_NN2 ,_, and_CC put_VV0 people_NN to_TO work_VVI cleaning_VVG our_APPGE air_NN1 ,_, water_NN1 and_CC land._NNU $30_NNU billion_NNO in_II transportation_NN1 ,_, of_IO which_DDQ $30_NNU billion_NNO is_VBZ for_IF highway_NN1 construction_NN1 ;_; $31_NNU billion_NNO to_TO modernize_VVI federal_JJ and_CC other_JJ public_JJ infrastructure_NN1 with_IW investments_NN2 that_CST lead_VV0 to_TO long_JJ term_NN1 energy_NN1 cost_NN1 savings_NN2 ;_; $19_NNU billion_NNO for_IF clean_JJ water_NN1 ,_, flood_VV0 control_NN1 ,_, and_CC environmental_JJ restoration_NN1 investments_NN2 ;_; $10_NNU billion_NNO for_IF transit_NN1 and_CC rail_NN1 to_TO reduce_VVI traffic_NN1 congestion_NN1 and_CC gas_NN1 consumption_NN1 ._. 
Education_NN1 for_IF the_AT 21st_MD Century_NNT1 :_: To_TO enable_VVI more_DAR children_NN2 to_TO learn_VVI in_II 21st_MD century_NNT1 classrooms_NN2 ,_, labs_NN2 ,_, and_CC libraries_NN2 to_TO help_VVI our_APPGE kids_NN2 compete_VV0 with_IW any_DD worker_NN1 in_II the_AT world_NN1 ,_, this_DD1 bill_NN1 provides_VVZ :_: $41_NNU billion_NNO to_II local_JJ school_NN1 districts_NN2 through_II Title_NN1 I_ZZ1 (_( $13_NNU billion_NNO )_) ,_, IDEA_NN1 (_( $13_NNU billion_NNO )_) ,_, a_AT1 new_JJ School_NN1 Modernization_NN1 and_CC Repair_VV0 Program_NN1 (_( $14_NNU billion_NNO )_) ,_, and_CC the_AT Education_NN1 Technology_NN1 program_NN1 (_( $1_NNU billion_NNO )_) ._. 
$79_NNU billion_NNO in_II state_NN1 fiscal_JJ relief_NN1 to_TO prevent_VVI cutbacks_NN2 to_TO key_VVI services_NN2 ,_, including_II $39_NNU billion_NNO to_II local_JJ school_NN1 districts_NN2 and_CC public_JJ colleges_NN2 and_CC universities_NN2 distributed_VVN through_II existing_JJ state_NN1 and_CC federal_JJ formulas_NN2 ,_, $15_NNU billion_NNO to_II states_NN2 as_CSA bonus_NN1 grants_VVZ as_II a_AT1 reward_NN1 for_IF meeting_VVG key_JJ performance_NN1 measures_NN2 ,_, and_CC $25_NNU billion_NNO to_II states_NN2 for_IF other_JJ high_JJ priority_NN1 needs_VVZ such_II21 as_II22 public_JJ safety_NN1 and_CC other_JJ critical_JJ services_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ may_VM include_VVI education._NNU $15.6_NNU billion_NNO to_TO increase_VVI the_AT PELL_NN1 grant_NN1 by_II $500._NNU $6_NNU billion_NNO for_IF higher_JJR education_NN1 modernization_NN1 ._. 
Lower_JJR Healthcare_NN1 Costs_VVZ :_: To_TO save_VVI not_XX only_RR jobs_NN2 ,_, but_CCB money_NN1 and_CC lives_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 will_VM update_VVI and_CC computerize_VVI our_APPGE health_NN1 care_NN1 system_NN1 to_TO cut_VVI red_JJ tape_NN1 ,_, prevent_VV0 medical_JJ mistakes_NN2 ,_, and_CC help_VV0 reduce_VVI health_NN1 care_NN1 costs_VVZ by_II billions_NNO2 of_IO dollars_NNU2 each_DD1 year._NNU $2_NNU billion_NNO in_II this_DD1 bill_NN1 ,_, and_CC $20_NNU billion_NNO overall_JJ ,_, for_IF health_NN1 information_NN1 technology_NN1 to_TO prevent_VVI medical_JJ mistakes_NN2 ,_, provide_VV0 better_JJR care_NN1 to_II patients_NN2 and_CC introduce_VV0 cost-saving_JJ efficiencies._NNU $4.1_NNU billion_NNO to_TO provide_VVI for_IF preventative_JJ care_NN1 and_CC to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT most_RGT effective_JJ health_NN1 care_NN1 treatments_NN2 ._. 
Help_VV0 Workers_NN2 Hurt_VVN by_II the_AT Economy_NN1 :_: High_JJ unemployment_NN1 and_CC rising_VVG costs_NN2 have_VH0 outpaced_VVN Americans_NN2 '_GE paychecks_NN2 ._. 
The_AT bill_NN1 helps_VVZ struggling_JJ families_NN2 make_VV0 ends_NN2 meet_VVI by_II providing_VVG $20_NNU billion_NNO to_TO increase_VVI the_AT food_NN1 stamp_NN1 benefit_VV0 by_RP over_RG 13%_NNU ,_, in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO help_VVI defray_VVI rising_VVG food_NN1 costs_NN2 ._. 
Save_VV0 Public_JJ Sector_NN1 Jobs_NN2 and_CC Protect_VV0 Vital_JJ Services_NN2 :_: Fiscal_JJ relief_NN1 is_VBZ provided_VVN to_II states_NN2 ,_, so_CS21 that_CS22 they_PPHS2 can_VM continue_VVI to_TO employ_VVI teachers_NN2 ,_, firefighters_NN2 and_CC police_NN2 officers_NN2 and_CC provide_VV0 vital_JJ services_NN2 without_IW having_VHG to_TO unnecessarily_RR raise_VVI middle_JJ class_NN1 taxes_NN2 ._. 
The_AT bill_NN1 provides_VVZ $4_NNU billion_NNO for_IF state_NN1 and_CC local_JJ law_NN1 enforcement_NN1 ._. 
ECONOMIC_JJ ANALYSIS_NN1 This_DD1 proposed_JJ well-targeted_JJ spending_NN1 package_NN1 makes_VVZ sense_NN1 today_RT because_CS the_AT economy_NN1 and_CC jobs_NN2 are_VBR sinking_VVG fast_JJ and_CC need_VV0 a_AT1 big_JJ boost_NN1 ;_; we_PPIS2 have_VH0 a_AT1 large_JJ backlog_NN1 of_IO worthwhile_JJ infrastructure_NN1 projects_VVZ that_CST have_VH0 been_VBN studied_VVN and_CC approved_VVN ;_; states_NN2 are_VBR on_II the_AT verge_NN1 of_IO sharply_RR reducing_VVG investments_NN2 in_II education_NN1 ,_, health_NN1 ,_, and_CC public_JJ safety_NN1 ;_; investments_NN2 in_II technology_NN1 and_CC skills_NN2 will_VM pay_VVI dividends_NN2 for_IF many_DA2 years_NNT2 ;_; and_CC as_CSA millions_NNO2 of_IO additional_JJ families_NN2 face_VV0 severe_JJ economic_JJ hardship_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 should_VM take_VVI forceful_JJ action_NN1 to_TO support_VVI employment_NN1 and_CC to_TO provide_VVI income_NN1 support_NN1 for_IF those_DD2 who_PNQS lose_VV0 their_APPGE jobs_NN2 and_CC income_NN1 ._. 
This_DD1 bill_NN1 should_VM have_VHI the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO staving_VVG off_II the_AT worst_JJT prospects_NN2 of_IO the_AT current_JJ economy_NN1 now_RT in_II the_AT process_NN1 of_IO "_" shutting_VVG down_RP "_" in_II the_AT words_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 recent_JJ congressional_JJ economic_JJ witness_NN1 ._. 
But_CCB there_EX remains_VVZ a_AT1 significant_JJ likelihood_NN1 that_CST further_JJR action_NN1 will_VM be_VBI needed_VVN ._. 
There_EX is_VBZ a_AT1 very_RG real_JJ risk_NN1 that_CST ,_, because_II21 of_II22 unanticipated_JJ economic_JJ bad_JJ news_NN1 ,_, this_DD1 legislation_NN1 may_VM undershoot_VVI its_APPGE target_NN1 ._. 
Congress_NN1 must_VM be_VBI alert_JJ to_TO counter_VVI additional_JJ economic_JJ weakness_NN1 because_CS the_AT strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT country_NN1 and_CC security_NN1 of_IO American_JJ families_NN2 are_VBR at_II stake_NN1 ._. 
Lack_NN1 of_IO demand_NN1 creates_VVZ extraordinary_JJ slack_NN1 The_AT federal_JJ government_NN1 should_VM step_VVI in_RP to_TO increase_VVI demand_NN1 for_IF American_JJ goods_NN2 and_CC services_NN2 because_CS all_DB other_JJ sources_NN2 of_IO demand_NN1 are_VBR declining_VVG ._. 
Households_NN2 are_VBR spending_VVG less_RRR because_CS they_PPHS2 're_VBR losing_VVG jobs_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE homes_NN2 and_CC investments_NN2 are_VBR losing_VVG value_NN1 ._. 
In_II the_AT second_MD half_NN1 of_IO 2008_MC ,_, real_JJ consumer_NN1 spending_VVG on_II goods_NN2 plunged_VVN at_II the_AT fastest_JJT rate_NN1 in_II six_MC decades_NNT2 of_IO data_NN ._. 
Businesses_NN2 are_VBR scaling_VVG back_RP investment_NN1 because_CS they_PPHS2 have_VH0 more_DAR and_CC more_RGR excess_JJ capacity_NN1 and_CC they_PPHS2 lack_VV0 confidence_NN1 that_CST demand_VV0 for_IF their_APPGE goods_NN2 and_CC services_NN2 will_VM recover_VVI soon_RR enough_RR to_TO justify_VVI adding_VVG more_DAR capacity_NN1 ._. 
State_VV0 and_CC local_JJ governments_NN2 are_VBR retrenching_VVG because_II21 of_II22 falling_VVG revenues_NN2 and_CC balanced_JJ budget_NN1 requirements_NN2 ._. 
The_AT Center_NN1 on_II Budget_NN1 and_CC Policy_NN1 Priorities_NN2 estimates_VVZ that_CST the_AT states_NN2 '_GE fiscal_JJ gap_NN1 will_VM reach_VVI 17_MC percent_NNU of_IO their_APPGE general_JJ budget_NN1 in_II the_AT next_MD fiscal_JJ year_NNT1 and_CC that_CST they_PPHS2 face_VV0 a_AT1 combined_JJ $350_NNU billion_NNO shortfall_NN1 for_IF the_AT remaining_JJ six_MC months_NNT2 of_IO this_DD1 fiscal_JJ year_NNT1 and_CC the_AT next_MD two_MC fiscal_JJ years_NNT2 ._. 
Recessions_NN2 abroad_RL are_VBR shrinking_JJ demand_NN1 for_IF our_APPGE exports_NN2 ._. 
The_AT consensus_NN1 of_IO economic_JJ forecasters_NN2 calls_VVZ for_IF GDP_NN1 to_TO shrink_VVI this_DD1 year_NNT1 in_II Europe_NP1 and_CC Japan_NP1 by_II the_AT same_DA 1_MC1 -_- 1.2_MC percent_NNU as_CSA in_II the_AT United_NP1 States_NP1 ._. 
The_AT recession_NN1 has_VHZ already_RR created_VVN considerable_JJ economic_JJ slack_NN1 and_CC forecasters_NN2 expect_VV0 that_DD1 slack_NN1 to_TO increase_VVI ._. 
Improving_JJ technology_NN1 and_CC rising_VVG population_NN1 together_RL raise_VV0 the_AT economy_NN1 's_GE potential_JJ output_NN1 by_II at_RR21 least_RR22 3_MC percent_NNU a_AT1 year_NNT1 ._. 
Actual_JJ output_NN1 today_RT is_VBZ lower_JJR than_CSN it_PPH1 was_VBDZ five_MC quarters_NN2 ago_RA ._. 
That_DD1 3_MC percent_NNU shortfall_NN1 means_VVZ that_CST we_PPIS2 are_VBR already_RR producing_VVG about_RG $500_NNU billion_NNO below_II our_APPGE potential_NN1 ._. 
Although_CS they_PPHS2 are_VBR factoring_VVG in_II positive_JJ effects_NN2 from_II stimulus_NN1 legislation_NN1 ,_, economic_JJ forecasters_NN2 expect_VV0 that_DD1 shortfall_NN1 to_TO double_VVI over_II the_AT next_MD year_NNT1 and_CC to_TO remain_VVI large_JJ for_IF an_AT1 extended_JJ period_NN1 after_II that_DD1 ._. 
The_AT nation_NN1 will_VM need_VVI a_AT1 strong_JJ fiscal_JJ boost_NN1 to_TO continue_VVI even_RR after_II the_AT economy_NN1 hits_VVZ bottom_JJ and_CC starts_VVZ to_TO grow_VVI again_RT ,_, possibly_RR later_RRR this_DD1 year_NNT1 or_CC early_JJ next_MD year_NNT1 ._. 
The_AT usual_JJ drivers_NN2 of_IO strong_JJ recoveries_NN2 --_JJ housing_NN1 and_CC autos_NN2 --_NN1 seem_VV0 unlikely_JJ to_TO provide_VVI the_AT typical_JJ boost_NN1 this_DD1 time_NNT1 around_RP ._. 
Even_RR after_II output_NN1 hits_VVZ bottom_NN1 ,_, employers_NN2 seem_VV0 likely_JJ to_TO hold_VVI off_RP hiring_VVG ,_, just_RR as_CSA they_PPHS2 did_VDD in_II the_AT years_NNT2 just_RR after_II the_AT last_MD two_MC recessions_NN2 ._. 
Unemployment_NN1 rose_VVD another_DD1 1.5_MC million_NNO in_II the_AT 15_MC months_NNT2 after_II the_AT 1990_MC -_- 91_MC recession_NN1 and_CC by_II 1.3_MC million_NNO in_II the_AT 19_MC months_NNT2 after_II the_AT 2001_MC recession_NN1 ._. 
Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT continued_JJ overhang_NN1 of_IO vacant_JJ housing_NN1 ,_, economic_JJ forecasters_NN2 expect_VV0 to_TO see_VVI subpar_NN1 growth_NN1 throughout_II 2010_MC and_CC thus_RR unemployment_NN1 to_TO exceed_VVI 8_MC percent_NNU --_NN1 higher_JJR than_CSN at_II any_DD time_NNT1 in_II the_AT last_MD quarter_NN1 century_NNT1 ._. 
Unfortunately_RR ,_, the_AT current_JJ trajectory_NN1 of_IO the_AT economy_NN1 allows_VVZ ample_JJ capacity_NN1 to_TO absorb_VVI the_AT 3.7_MC million_NNO jobs_NN2 that_CST the_AT Obama_NP1 economic_JJ team_NN1 projects_NN2 will_VM be_VBI created_VVN or_CC saved_VVN by_II the_AT recovery_NN1 bill_NN1 ._. 
That_DD1 's_VBZ less_DAR than_CSN the_AT 4.3_MC million_NNO rise_NN1 in_II unemployment_NN1 that_CST has_VHZ occurred_VVN from_II 6.8_MC million_NNO in_II mid_JJ 2007_MC to_II 11.1_MC million_NNO in_II December_NPM1 2008_MC ._. 
The_AT consensus_NN1 of_IO economic_JJ forecasters_NN2 expects_VVZ unemployment_NN1 to_TO reach_VVI 13_MC million_NNO people_NN in_II 2010_MC ,_, even_RR after_CS they_PPHS2 factor_VV0 in_II sizable_JJ economic_JJ stimulus_NN1 ._. 
Forecaster_NP1 Zandi_NP1 projects_VVZ that_CST ,_, without_IW stimulus_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 would_VM see_VVI unemployment_NN1 reach_NN1 16_MC million_NNO people_NN in_II 2010_MC ._. 
The_AT rate_NN1 of_IO deterioration_NN1 in_II the_AT job_NN1 market_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN accelerating_VVG ._. 
The_AT January_NPM1 9_MC labor_NN1 report_NN1 came_VVD in_II worse_JJR than_CSN had_VHD been_VBN expected_VVN at_II the_AT time_NNT1 of_IO the_AT projections_NN2 made_VVN in_II the_AT last_MD paragraph_NN1 ,_, not_XX only_RR for_IF December_NPM1 but_CCB for_IF prior_JJ months_NNT2 ._. 
Over_II the_AT last_MD three_MC months_NNT2 of_IO 2008_MC ,_, both_DB2 job_NN1 loss_NN1 and_CC unemployment_NN1 increases_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN running_VVG about_RG 500,000_MC a_AT1 month_NNT1 ,_, for_IF an_AT1 annual_JJ rate_NN1 of_IO 6_MC million_NNO ._. 
The_AT current_JJ downturn_NN1 has_VHZ also_RR seen_VVN an_AT1 unprecedented_JJ level_NN1 and_CC increase_VV0 in_II the_AT number_NN1 of_IO people_NN who_PNQS have_VH0 been_VBN involuntarily_RR cut_VVN back_RP from_II full-time_JJ to_II part-time_JJ work_NN1 by_II their_APPGE employer_NN1 ._. 
That_DD1 number_NN1 has_VHZ doubled_VVN from_II less_DAR than_CSN 2.9_MC million_NNO in_II the_AT summer_NNT1 of_IO 2007_MC to_II 5.9_MC million_NNO in_II December_NPM1 2008_MC ._. 
