DNA_NN1 Nanostructures_VVZ By_II Design_NN1 DNA_NN1 Scaffolds_NN2 :_: Scientists_NN2 attain_VV0 long-sought_JJ goal_NN1 of_IO 3-D_JJ DNA_NN1 crystals_NN2 In_II what_DDQ some_DD researchers_NN2 are_VBR calling_VVG a_AT1 seminal_JJ achievement_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 group_NN1 of_IO scientists_NN2 have_VH0 succeeded_VVN in_II creating_VVG self-assembled_JJ crystalline_JJ DNA_NN1 structures_NN2 in_II three_MC dimensions_NN2 ._. 
Two-dimensional_JJ architectures_NN2 had_VHD been_VBN devised_VVN before_RT ,_, but_CCB the_AT new_JJ assemblies_NN2 are_VBR the_AT first_MD designed_VVN 3-D_JJ DNA_NN1 structures_NN2 ._. 
Such_DA rationally_RR designed_VVN crystals_NN2 ,_, for_IF decades_NNT2 envisioned_VVD as_RG controllable_JJ nanotechnological_JJ frameworks_NN2 ,_, have_VH0 innumerable_JJ potential_NN1 uses_VVZ --_NN1 including_VVG as_CSA scaffolds_NN2 for_IF determining_VVG crystallographic_JJ structures_NN2 of_IO biomolecules_NN2 and_CC as_CSA components_NN2 for_IF circuits_NN2 and_CC electronic_JJ devices_NN2 ._. 
New_NP1 York_NP1 University_NN1 chemistry_NN1 professor_NN1 Nadrian_NP1 C._NP1 (_( Ned_NP1 )_) Seeman_NP1 ,_, Purdue_NP1 University_NN1 chemistry_NN1 professor_NN1 Chengde_NP1 Mao_NP1 ,_, and_CC their_APPGE colleagues_NN2 have_VH0 produced_VVN macroscopic_JJ 250-um_UH DNA_NN1 crystals_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ they_PPHS2 were_VBDR able_JK to_TO resolve_VVI at_II 4_MC A_ZZ1 by_II X-ray_NN1 crystallography_NN1 (_( Nature_NN1 2009_MC ,_, 461_MC ,_, 74_MC )_) ._. 
The_AT work_NN1 represents_VVZ "_" landmark_NN1 progress_NN1 "_" in_II the_AT field_NN1 of_IO designed_JJ DNA_NN1 ,_, says_VVZ Caltech_NN1 computer_NN1 scientist_NN1 Paul_NP1 W._NP1 K._NP1 Rothemund_NP1 ,_, whose_DDQGE lab_NN1 uses_VVZ a_AT1 technique_NN1 called_VVN DNA_NN1 origami_NN2 to_TO fold_VVI DNA_NN1 into_II 2-D_JJ structures_NN2 ._. 
Thomas_NP1 LaBean_NP1 ,_, a_AT1 professor_NN1 at_II Duke_NN1 University_NN1 who_PNQS specializes_VVZ in_II DNA_NN1 nanostructure_NN1 design_NN1 ,_, calls_VVZ the_AT study_NN1 a_AT1 "_" crucial_JJ milestone_NN1 ._. "_" 
In_II principle_NN1 ,_, double-stranded_JJ DNA_NN1 ,_, with_IW its_APPGE predictable_JJ base-pair_JJ affinities_NN2 that_CST make_VV0 controlled_JJ binding_JJ possible_JJ ,_, serves_VVZ as_II an_AT1 ideal_JJ template_NN1 for_IF structure_NN1 design_NN1 ._. 
But_CCB achieving_VVG such_DA designs_NN2 with_IW the_AT necessary_JJ nanometer-scale_JJ precision_NN1 has_VHZ proved_VVN difficult_JJ ._. 
Design_NN1 of_IO 2-D_JJ DNA_NN1 structures_NN2 is_VBZ well_RR established_VVN ._. 
Seeman_NP1 's_GE group_NN1 had_VHD recently_RR been_VBN on_II the_AT verge_NN1 of_IO success_NN1 in_II creating_VVG 3-D_JJ crystals_NN2 ,_, but_CCB the_AT specimens_NN2 still_RR had_VHD some_DD problems_NN2 that_CST prevented_VVD the_AT researchers_NN2 from_II obtaining_VVG X-ray_NN1 crystallographic_JJ images_NN2 with_IW sufficient_JJ resolution_NN1 ._. 
With_IW this_DD1 new_JJ work_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, "_" Ned_NP1 can_VM feel_VVI comfortable_JJ declaring_VVG victory_NN1 ,_, "_" Rothemund_NP1 says_VVZ ._. 
The_AT group_NN1 makes_VVZ use_NN1 of_IO what_DDQ they_PPHS2 call_VV0 "_" tensegrity_NN1 triangles_NN2 ,_, "_" rigid_JJ 3-D_JJ triangular_JJ units_NN2 consisting_VVG of_IO three_MC connected_JJ non-coplanar_JJ double_JJ helices_NN2 of_IO DNA_NN1 ._. 
The_AT ends_NN2 are_VBR "_" sticky_JJ ,_, "_" in_CS21 that_CS22 some_DD strand_NN1 ends_NN2 are_VBR a_AT1 few_DA2 bases_NN2 longer_RRR than_CSN others_NN2 ,_, leaving_VVG them_PPHO2 ready_JJ to_TO bond_VVI with_IW another_DD1 end_NN1 bearing_VVG complementary_JJ base_NN1 pairs_NN2 ._. 
By_II forming_VVG such_DA links_NN2 ,_, the_AT group_NN1 constructed_VVN a_AT1 symmetric_JJ 3-D_JJ lattice_NN1 ._. 
Seeman_NP1 's_GE group_NN1 now_RT aims_VVZ to_TO design_VVI crystals_NN2 with_IW larger_JJR unit_NN1 cells_NN2 and_CC less_DAR symmetry_NN1 ._. 
LaBean_NN1 says_VVZ that_CST he_PPHS1 believes_VVZ "_" this_DD1 type_NN1 of_IO periodic_JJ molecular_JJ material_NN1 will_VM live_VVI up_II21 to_II22 its_APPGE technological_JJ promise_NN1 ._. "_" 
Carbon_NN1 dioxide_NN1 adsorption_NN1 on_II 10_MC different_JJ systems_NN2 ,_, ranging_VVG from_II metal_NN1 single_JJ crystals_NN2 and_CC metal_NN1 oxides_NN2 to_II nanostructured_JJ catalysts_NN2 ,_, recently_RR studied_VVN at_II NDSU_NP1 by_II molecular_JJ beam_NN1 scattering_VVG and_CC kinetics_NN1 techniques_NN2 ,_, has_VHZ been_VBN considered_VVN ._. 
Some_DD trends_NN2 seen_VVN in_II our_APPGE projects_NN2 are_VBR briefly_RR outlined_VVN in_II the_AT following_JJ ._. 
