﻿<s>
Field_NN1 evidence_NN1 of_IO the_AT surface_NN1 cracks_NN2 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 5_MC ._. 
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Fig._NN1 10_MC compares_VVZ run_NN1 times_NNT2 for_IF 1-h_ZZ1 simulation_NN1 at_II 1-m_JJ resolution_NN1 using_VVG the_AT serial_JJ code_NN1 and_CC the_AT two_MC parallelization_NN1 methods_NN2 of_IO OpenMP_NP1 and_CC hybrid_NN1 ._. 
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Comparing_VVG the_AT axial_JJ force_NN1 and_CC corrosion_NN1 level_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_CST the_AT corrosion_NN1 level_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT governing_JJ factor_NN1 that_CST affects_VVZ the_AT hysteretic_JJ behavior_NN1 ._. 
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Compared_VVN to_II the_AT other_JJ indicators_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 had_VHD relatively_RR few_DA2 radiocarbon_NN1 CO2_FO measurements_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ a_AT1 problem_NN1 when_CS observed_JJ variance_NN1 is_VBZ high_JJ ._. 
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<s>
In_II comparison_NN1 ,_, the_AT secondary_JJ mineralization_NN1 of_IO eluted_JJ organics_NN2 seemed_VVD un-happen_VV0 because_II21 of_II22 low_JJ level_NN1 of_IO SO4·_FO in_II S2O82/Fe0_JJ system_NN1 ._. 
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EM-DAT_DD1 declared_VVD more_DAR than_CSN 90_MC major_JJ disasters_NN2 with_IW damage_NN1 of_IO greater_JJR than_CSN $100million_NNU in_II the_AT United_NP1 States_NP1 from_II 2007_MC to_II 2014_MC ._. 
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<s>
First_MD ,_, a_AT1 literature_NN1 review_NN1 of_IO indicators_NN2 commonly_RR used_VMK to_TO address_VVI lifeline_NN1 vulnerability_NN1 within_II social_JJ vulnerability_NN1 indexing_NN1 is_VBZ presented_VVN ,_, in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO provide_VVI a_AT1 theoretical_JJ basis_NN1 for_IF the_AT study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
No_AT density_NN1 separation_NN1 was_VBDZ performed_VVN in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO avoid_VVI the_AT loss_NN1 of_IO any_DD high-density_JJ microplastics_NN2 (_( Shim_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ,_, such_II21 as_II22 polyester_NN1 with_IW density_NN1 of_IO 1.24-2.3g/cm3_FU (_( Hidalgo-Ruz_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2012_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT similar_JJ distance_NN1 from_II the_AT impact_NN1 point_NN1 ,_, the_AT axial_JJ forces_NN2 in_II Section_NN1 1_MC1 and_CC Section_NN1 3_MC show_VV0 a_AT1 similar_JJ trend_NN1 and_CC they_PPHS2 reach_VV0 the_AT maximum_JJ axial_JJ force_NN1 at_II the_AT same_DA time_NNT1 while_CS the_AT axial_JJ force_NN1 at_II Section_NN1 5_MC and_CC Section_NN1 7_MC increases_NN2 to_II its_APPGE peak_NN1 slower_RRR because_II21 of_II22 its_APPGE longer_JJR distance_NN1 to_II the_AT impact_NN1 point_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Local_JJ damping_NN1 value_NN1 is_VBZ considered_VVN to_TO be_VBI 10%_NNU for_IF this_DD1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ crucial_JJ to_TO detect_VVI and_CC identify_VVI possible_JJ faults_NN2 or_CC failures_NN2 in_II the_AT monitored_JJ PV_NN1 systems_NN2 as_RG early_RR as_CSA possible_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT NNI_JJ theory_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 more_RGR accurate_JJ index_NN1 called_VVN SDI_NN1 is_VBZ investigated_VVN in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 has_VHZ led_VVN to_II a_AT1 large_JJ ,_, complex_JJ software_NN1 ecosystem_VV0 that_DD1 is_VBZ difficult_JJ to_TO maintain_VVI ._. 
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<s>
The_AT Class-A_NN1 prediction_NN1 resulted_VVN in_II reasonably_RR good_JJ predictions_NN2 on_II the_AT maximum_JJ pore_NN1 water_NN1 pressure_NN1 except_CS at_II WP3c_FO ,_, WP4c_FO and_CC WP5c_FO ,_, which_DDQ implies_VVZ that_DD1 over-estimation_NN1 of_IO the_AT drainage_NN1 property_NN1 of_IO the_AT clayey_JJ sand_NN1 or_CC sandy_JJ clay_NN1 layer_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT models_NN2 estimate_VV0 more_RGR closely_RR the_AT experimentally_RR obtained_VVN secant_JJ stiffness_NN1 between_II K0.75Fmax_FO and_CC KFmax_NP1 ,_, rather_II21 than_II22 the_AT initial_JJ elastic_JJ stiffness_NN1 (_( as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 15_MC and_CC Table_NN1 7_MC )_) ,_, and_CC depend_VV0 strongly_RR on_II the_AT choice_NN1 of_IO the_AT elasticity_NN1 modulus_NN1 of_IO masonry_NN1 (_( Ew_NP1 θ_NULL ,_, Evert_NP1 or_CC Elat_NP1 )_) ;_; in_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, for_IF masonry_NN1 typologies_NN2 with_IW different_JJ mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 in_II the_AT direction_NN1 perpendicular_NN1 and_CC parallel_RR to_II the_AT bed-joints_NN2 ,_, as_CSA in_II this_DD1 specific_JJ case_NN1 ,_, the_AT use_NN1 of_IO the_AT elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 of_IO masonry_NN1 for_IF the_AT diagonal_JJ direction_NN1 Ew_NN1 θ_NULL appears_VVZ to_TO be_VBI the_AT most_RGT reasonable_JJ choice_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT cameras_NN2 are_VBR positioned_VVN at_II a_AT1 distance_NN1 of_IO about_RG 0.8m_NNU from_II the_AT specimen_NN1 surfaces_NN2 which_DDQ resulted_VVD in_II a_AT1 resolution_NN1 of_IO 40_MC m/pixel_FU ._. 
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<s>
Compared_VVN to_II the_AT model_NN1 updating#1_FO ,_, the_AT elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 of_IO masonry_NN1 EM_FU increases_VVZ to_TO make_VVI up_RP for_IF the_AT reduction_NN1 of_IO the_AT connection_NN1 stiffness_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT paper_NN1 is_VBZ concluded_VVN in_II Section_NN1 5_MC with_IW the_AT salient_JJ points_NN2 noted_VVN in_II the_AT current_JJ study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
During_II the_AT performance_NN1 tests_NN2 of_IO PA_NN1 mixture_NN1 ,_, total_JJ air_NN1 void_NN1 and_CC permeability_NN1 of_IO porous_JJ asphalt_NN1 mixture_NN1 were_VBDR determined_VVN by_II the_AT volumetric_JJ method_NN1 and_CC falling_VVG head_NN1 permeability_NN1 test_NN1 respectively_RR &lsqb;_( 18_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Sprinkling_VVG time_NNT1 was_VBDZ set_VVN at_II 12:00_MC when_RRQ the_AT solar_JJ radiation_NN1 was_VBDZ most_RGT intense_JJ ._. 
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The_AT progressive_JJ expansion_NN1 of_IO rust_NN1 at_II the_AT reinforcement_NN1 and_CC concrete_JJ interface_NN1 induces_VVZ splitting_NN1 stresses_VVZ in_II concrete_NN1 and_CC eventually_RR leads_VVZ to_TO cover_VVI cracking_JJ and_CC spalling_VVG (_( Vidal_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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2004_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT soil_NN1 structure_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 significant_JJ effect_NN1 on_II the_AT mechanical_JJ behavior_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ similar_JJ to_II the_AT structured_JJ clayey_JJ loess_NN1 from_II the_AT southeastern_JJ Loess_NN1 Plateau_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 was_VBDZ not_XX the_AT case_NN1 for_IF the_AT two-girder_JJ bridges_NN2 ,_, in_II which_DDQ the_AT horizontal_JJ impulse_NN1 demand_NN1 was_VBDZ primarily_RR split_VVN between_II the_AT front_JJ faces_NN2 of_IO the_AT upstream_JJ and_CC downstream_JJ girders_NN2 (_( GF1_FO and_CC GF2_FO )_) ._. 
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To_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO the_AT different_JJ models_NN2 ,_, three_MC error_NN1 indexes_NN2 are_VBR used_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Other_JJ studies_NN2 (_( Lambe_NP1 and_CC Whitman_NP1 ,_, 1969_MC ,_, Wang_NP1 and_CC Sassa_NP1 ,_, 2002_MC )_) similarly_RR report_VV0 that_CST the_AT residual_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO sand_NN1 is_VBZ normally_RR independent_JJ from_II the_AT consolidation_NN1 and_CC stress_NN1 history_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 comparisons_NN2 suggest_VV0 that_CST the_AT size_NN1 effect_NN1 is_VBZ insignificant_JJ in_II FRP-confined_JJ RAC_NP1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 in_II FRP-confined_JJ NAC_NN1 in_II circular_JJ sections_NN2 up_II21 to_II22 a_AT1 diameter_NN1 of_IO 300_MC mm_NNU ._. 
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<s>
Time-domain_JJ waveforms_NN2 of_IO four_MC planetary_JJ gearbox_NN1 conditions_NN2 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) NC_NP1 ,_, (_( b_ZZ1 )_) FWSG_NP1 ,_, (_( c_ZZ1 )_) MTPG_NP1 ,_, and_CC (_( d_ZZ1 )_) CTRG_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, cracks_NN2 in_II BEMC_NP1 were_VBDR much_RR wider_JJR than_CSN those_DD2 in_II BESC_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ quite_RG different_JJ from_II those_DD2 in_II RCL_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 1e_FO ,_, f_ZZ1 ;_; note_VV0 that_DD1 rock_NN1 can_VM be_VBI CO2-wet_JJ depending_II21 on_II22 pressure_NN1 and_CC temperature_NN1 ,_, Iglauer_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015b_FO ;_; Iglauer_NP1 ,_, 2017_MC )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II mentioning_VVG that_CST the_AT shear_VV0 force_NN1 at_II the_AT base_NN1 of_IO the_AT column_NN1 is_VBZ smaller_JJR than_CSN the_AT peak_NN1 impact_NN1 force_NN1 because_II21 of_II22 the_AT resistance_NN1 of_IO the_AT inertia_NN1 force_NN1 which_DDQ distributes_VVZ along_II the_AT part_NN1 of_IO the_AT column_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 16a_FO ._. 
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Peak_NN1 wind_NN1 speed_NN1 estimates_VVZ for_IF each_DD1 building_NN1 are_VBR obtained_VVN from_II a_AT1 near-surface_JJ wind_NN1 field_NN1 model_NN1 of_IO the_AT Joplin_NP1 tornado_NN1 conditioned_VVN to_II tree-fall_JJ patterns_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II geological_JJ conditions_NN2 ,_, existing_JJ construction_NN1 and_CC urban_JJ planning_NN1 factors_NN2 ,_, the_AT UUS_NN1 resource_NN1 evaluation_NN1 system_NN1 is_VBZ operationalized_VVN as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Table_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 acknowledge_VV0 the_AT Texas_NP1 Advanced_JJ Computing_NN1 Center_NN1 (_( TACC_NP1 )_) at_II The_AT University_NN1 of_IO Texas_NP1 at_II Austin_NP1 for_IF providing_VVG HPC_NP1 resources_NN2 that_CST have_VH0 contributed_VVN to_II the_AT research_NN1 results_NN2 reported_VVN within_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, integration_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 methods_NN2 into_II the_AT structural_JJ diagnosis_NN1 for_IF large-scale_JJ cable-stayed_JJ bridges_NN2 could_VM enrich_VVI the_AT categories_NN2 of_IO feature_NN1 extractions_NN2 for_IF the_AT data-driven_JJ data_NN process_VV0 ,_, and_CC ,_, in_II turn_NN1 ,_, open_VV0 a_AT1 new_JJ door_NN1 for_IF data-driven_JJ approaches_NN2 with_IW widespread_JJ implementations_NN2 for_IF large-scale_JJ civil_JJ engineering_NN1 structures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II the_AT equation_NN1 of_IO the_AT support_NN1 resistance_NN1 ,_, the_AT reasonable_JJ support_NN1 capacity_NN1 is_VBZ 13,759–15,405kN_FO for_IF a_AT1 ruptured_JJ rock_NN1 pillar_NN1 rotation_NN1 angle_NN1 of_IO 0–15°_FO ,_, while_CS the_AT support_NN1 shrinkage_NN1 is_VBZ 1.04m_NNU with_IW a_AT1 rock_NN1 pillar_NN1 rotation_NN1 of_IO 15°_NNU ._. 
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In_II the_AT present_JJ work_NN1 ,_, the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO tip_NN1 clearance_NN1 on_II the_AT pressure_NN1 fluctuation_NN1 intensity_NN1 of_IO the_AT mixed_JJ flow_NN1 PAT_NN1 is_VBZ investigated_VVN ,_, and_CC the_AT vortex_NN1 characteristic_NN1 is_VBZ revealed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 comparison_NN1 of_IO the_AT results_NN2 and_CC the_AT computational_JJ efficiency_NN1 using_VVG different_JJ methods_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 matter_NN1 can_VM be_VBI explained_VVN by_II the_AT fact_NN1 that_CST an_AT1 increase_NN1 of_IO temperature_NN1 will_VM speed_VVI up_RP the_AT hydration_NN1 process_NN1 reactions_NN2 at_II early_JJ ages_NN2 and_CC lead_VV0 to_II the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 more_RRR C-S-H_NP1 gel_NN1 ,_, and_CC ,_, as_II a_AT1 result_NN1 ,_, greater_JJR values_NN2 of_IO compressive_JJ strength_NN1 ._. 
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By_II comparing_VVG different_JJ groups_NN2 '_NULL demand_VV0 factor_NN1 for_IF the_AT time_NNT1 since_CS migration_NN1 ,_, Fig._NN1 9_MC shows_VVZ the_AT dynamic_JJ changes_NN2 of_IO each_DD1 group_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 thermal_JJ adaptation_NN1 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO improve_VVI the_AT optical_JJ absorption_NN1 properties_NN2 and_CC thermal_JJ performance_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ obvious_JJ that_CST compounding_VVG PCMs_NP1 microcapsule_NN1 with_IW carbon_NN1 material_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT best_JJT method_NN1 ._. 
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Zhang_VV0 and_CC Li_NP1 (_( 2013_MC )_) and_CC Zhang_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2014_MC ,_, 2017_MC )_) proposed_VVD to_TO use_VVI vertical_JJ friction_NN1 plates_NN2 ,_, as_CSA illustrated_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1(a)_FO ,_, and_CC performed_VVN large-scale_JJ model_NN1 tests_NN2 to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO vertical_JJ friction_NN1 plates_NN2 on_II frictional_JJ resistance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II most_DAT cases_NN2 ,_, ground_NN1 densification_NN1 amplified_VVD flexural_JJ drifts_NN2 on_II the_AT structures_NN2 by_II increasing_VVG the_AT transverse_JJ accelerations_NN2 acting_VVG on_II their_APPGE foundations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Attempts_NN2 by_II the_AT Kucapungane_JJ tribe_NN1 to_TO carry_VVI out_RP things_NN2 like_II this_DD1 will_VM be_VBI discussed_VVN subsequently_RR ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 can_VM also_RR be_VBI observed_VVN that_CST the_AT actual_JJ period_NN1 of_IO the_AT SDOF_NN1 system_NN1 with_IW the_AT CID_NP1 is_VBZ longer_JJR than_CSN 2_MC seconds_NNT2 ,_, indicating_VVG that_CST the_AT CID_NP1 reduces_VVZ the_AT frequency_NN1 of_IO the_AT system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Numerical_JJ models_NN2 of_IO the_AT hybrid_JJ DSTCs_NP1 were_VBDR developed_VVN and_CC validated_VVN by_II comparing_VVG the_AT simulation_NN1 results_NN2 with_IW available_JJ testing_NN1 results_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT students_NN2 perceived_VVD that_CST acoustical_JJ and_CC visual_JJ quality_NN1 had_VHD the_AT most_RRT influence_VV0 on_II their_APPGE school_NN1 performance_NN1 and_CC ,_, with_IW the_AT same_DA dissatisfaction_NN1 for_IF acoustical_JJ ,_, thermal_JJ ,_, and_CC indoor_JJ air_NN1 quality_NN1 ,_, they_PPHS2 attributed_VVD more_DAR relevance_NN1 ,_, in_II the_AT overall_JJ quality_NN1 judgment_NN1 ,_, to_II the_AT acoustical_JJ condition_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Back-analyses_NN2 ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT observational_JJ method_NN1 &lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, The_AT NOR_CC algorithm_NN1 detects_VVZ distinct_JJ peaks_NN2 in_II the_AT strain_NN1 signal_NN1 ,_, as_CSA each_DD1 peak_NN1 corresponds_VVZ to_II a_AT1 single_JJ axle_NN1 or_CC a_AT1 group_NN1 of_IO axles_NN2 in_II the_AT closely_RR spaced_VVN axle_NN1 configuration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II the_AT findings_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 recommend_VV0 changing_VVG the_AT current_JJ limits_NN2 set_VV0 forth_RR in_II the_AT thermal_JJ environment_NN1 parameters_NN2 stated_VVN in_II Singaporean_JJ standard_NN1 SS_NP1 553_MC (_( 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, finding_VVG optimal_JJ retrofit_NN1 plans_NN2 for_IF existing_JJ buildings_NN2 are_VBR essential_JJ given_VVN the_AT high_JJ investments_NN2 involved_JJ in_II the_AT retrofit_NN1 of_IO buildings_NN2 that_CST do_VD0 not_XX currently_RR comply_VVI with_IW the_AT policy_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT LTCC_NP1 model_NN1 consists_VVZ of_IO 9258_MC blocks_NN2 and_CC 93,072_MC diagonally_RR opposed_VVN triangular_JJ elements_NN2 ._. 
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And_CC some_DD recommendations_NN2 were_VBDR proposed_VVN for_IF future_JJ tunnel_NN1 planning_NN1 based_VVN on_II these_DD2 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 also_RR consumes_VVZ portlandite_NN1 during_II its_APPGE pozzolanic_JJ reaction_NN1 and_CC simultaneously_RR refines_VVZ the_AT pore_NN1 structure_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT renewable_JJ electricity_NN1 production_NN1 in_II the_AT EU_NP1 increased_VVD by_II almost_RR 75%_NNU since_II 2005_MC to_II 927TWh_FO in_II 2015_MC ,_, on_II a_AT1 trajectory_NN1 that_CST is_VBZ likely_JJ to_TO lead_VVI to_II 1210TWh_FO renewable_JJ electricity_NN1 in_II 2020_MC ._. 
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The_AT lateral_JJ load-resisting_JJ system_NN1 in_II the_AT truss_NN1 on_II the_AT left_JJ (_( east_ND1 )_) side_NN1 of_IO the_AT frame_NN1 in_II Fig._NN1 2(b)_FO consisted_VVN of_IO a_AT1 single_JJ buckling_JJ restrained_JJ brace_NN1 (_( BRB_NP1 )_) prop_VV0 that_CST acted_VVD as_II the_AT primary_JJ energy-dissipating_JJ device_NN1 in_II the_AT system_NN1 ._. 
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White_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2005_MC )_) experimentally_RR demonstrated_VVN that_CST the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO CO2_FO adsorbed_VVD by_II the_AT coal_NN1 under_II the_AT same_DA conditions_NN2 is_VBZ double_RR that_DD1 of_IO the_AT coal-to-CH4_JJ adsorption_NN1 ,_, CO2_FO injection_NN1 enhances_VVZ CH4_FO production_NN1 both_RR by_II reducing_VVG the_AT partial_JJ pressure_NN1 of_IO CH4_FO and_CC by_II preferential_JJ sorption_NN1 (_( Mazumder_NP1 and_CC Wolf_NN1 ,_, 2008_MC )_) ._. 
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For_IF FRCM_NP1 ,_, one_MC1 gauge_NN1 was_VBDZ placed_VVN at_II midspan_NN1 and_CC the_AT other_JJ two_MC were_VBDR attached_VVN to_II the_AT right_NN1 and_CC left_JJ of_IO the_AT middle_JJ one_PN1 50_MC mm_NNU apart_RL ._. 
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<s>
In_II such_DA a_AT1 sludge_NN1 fermentation_NN1 concept_NN1 ,_, with_IW FA-supported_JJ sludge_NN1 pretreatment_NN1 ,_, both_DB2 sludge_VV0 reduction_NN1 and_CC hydrogen_NN1 yield_NN1 are_VBR achieved_VVN in_II an_AT1 economic_JJ way_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT peak_NN1 strength_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 curve_NN1 is_VBZ herein_RR termed_VVN as_II the_AT global_JJ peak_NN1 strength_NN1 and_CC the_AT gradient_NN1 of_IO the_AT initial_JJ linear_JJ part_NN1 of_IO the_AT stress_NN1 strain_NN1 curve_NN1 is_VBZ termed_VVN as_II the_AT working_JJ modulus_NN1 ._. 
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GO_VV0 has_VHZ good_JJ hydrophily_RR and_CC it_PPH1 can_VM completely_RR disperse_VVI in_II water_NN1 ,_, in_RR21 addition_RR22 the_AT resultant_JJ MEPCM_NP1 had_VHD been_VBN washed_VVN with_IW water_NN1 for_IF five_MC times_NNT2 ,_, therefore_RR GO_VV0 can_VM primarily_RR be_VBI included_VVN inside_II the_AT MEPCM_NP1 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, we_PPIS2 discuss_VV0 and_CC summarize_VV0 the_AT results_NN2 in_II Sections_NN2 5_MC and_CC 6_MC ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Stages_NN2 (_( 1_MC1 )_) and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) are_VBR ascending_JJ stages_NN2 ,_, in_II which_DDQ the_AT deformation_NN1 increases_VVZ with_IW increasing_JJ stress_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Four_MC tractor_NN1 trailers_NN2 were_VBDR present_JJ during_II the_AT accident_NN1 ;_; they_PPHS2 are_VBR denoted_VVN as_CSA T1_FO ,_, T2_FO ,_, T3_FO ,_, and_CC T4_FO ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
There_EX have_VH0 been_VBN many_DA2 constitutive_JJ models_NN2 that_CST attempt_VV0 to_TO simulate_VVI the_AT actual_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO foundation_NN1 soils_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
According_II21 to_II22 their_APPGE simulations_NN2 ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT cycle_NN1 configuration_NN1 and_CC working_VVG conditions_NN2 the_AT net_JJ efficiency_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 dry_JJ cooled_JJ Concentrating_VVG Solar_JJ Power_NN1 (_( CSP_NP1 )_) plant_NN1 can_VM be_VBI improved_VVN between_II 3_MC to_II 8%_NNU ,_, using_VVG radiative_JJ cooling_NN1 as_CSA supplemental_JJ cooling_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ inconvenient_JJ to_TO reuse_VVI the_AT buckling-restraining_JJ elements_NN2 of_IO ordinary_JJ BRBs_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ does_VDZ not_XX help_VVI achieve_VVI the_AT sustainable_JJ design_NN1 objective_NN1 ._. 
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Note_VV0 :_: all_DB ingredients_NN2 content_NN1 are_VBR expressed_VVN as_CSA weight_NN1 proportion_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 content_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT load_NN1 was_VBDZ applied_VVN at_II 1/3_MF span_VV0 points_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 distance_NN1 of_IO 150mm_NNU from_II the_AT support_NN1 ._. 
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NS_NP1 increases_VVZ water_NN1 demand_NN1 in_II RCR_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
They_PPHS2 showed_VVD that_CST when_CS the_AT supporting_JJ building_NN1 is_VBZ in_II the_AT elastic_JJ range_NN1 ,_, the_AT ASCE_NP1 7_MC instructure_NN1 amplification_NN1 factor_NN1 could_VM overestimate_VVI floor_NN1 acceleration_NN1 responses_NN2 by_II a_AT1 factor_NN1 up_RG21 to_RG22 3.0_MC ;_; for_IF a_AT1 building_NN1 ductility_NN1 of_IO 2.5_MC ,_, this_DD1 factor_NN1 could_VM be_VBI as_RG large_JJ as_CSA 4.0_MC ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ noted_VVN that_CST all_DB of_IO results_NN2 are_VBR drawn_VVN depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT batch_NN1 fluidized_VVD bed_NN1 experiment_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, circles/spheres_NN2 &lsqb;_( 20_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 21_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 22_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 23_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, The_AT latter_DA aspect_NN1 was_VBDZ crucial_JJ in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO the_AT presented_JJ open-pit_JJ slope_NN1 failure_NN1 ,_, as_CSA the_AT main_JJ reason_NN1 behind_II the_AT fatality_NN1 of_IO the_AT event_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN the_AT impossibility_NN1 to_TO perceive_VVI its_APPGE actual_JJ proportions_NN2 from_II the_AT poor_JJ radar_NN1 coverage_NN1 over_II the_AT unstable_JJ area_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT New_NP1 Zealand_NP1 applications_NN2 include_VV0 buildings_NN2 throughout_II the_AT country_NN1 that_CST have_VH0 used_VVN combinations_NN2 of_IO unbonded_JJ PT_NN1 walls_NN2 and_CC frames_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT seismic_JJ ground_NN1 motion_NN1 employed_VVN is_VBZ spectrally_RR matched_VVN with_IW EC8_FO elastic_JJ spectra_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT progressive_JJ failure_NN1 of_IO rock_NN1 model_NN1 in_II numerical_JJ Brazilian_JJ disc_NN1 test_NN1 was_VBDZ analysed_VVN in_II detail_NN1 from_II 3D_NNU perspective_NN1 ._. 
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Enlisting_VVG the_AT help_NN1 of_IO XRD_NP1 on_II the_AT reacted_VVD glass_NN1 did_VDD not_XX clear_VVI this_DD1 ambiguity_NN1 as_CSA there_EX was_VBDZ little_RR crystalline_JJ material_NN1 ;_; however_RR ,_, the_AT few_DA2 peaks_NN2 that_CST went_VVD above_II the_AT detection_NN1 limit_NN1 (_( 2%_NNU )_) were_VBDR more_RRR in_II31 line_II32 with_II33 a_AT1 clay_NN1 mineral_NN1 of_IO the_AT smectite_NN1 group_NN1 than_CSN a_AT1 zeolite_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT schematic_JJ diagram_NN1 of_IO the_AT two_MC reactor_NN1 systems_NN2 used_VVN for_IF the_AT study_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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A_AT1 large_JJ anchoring_NN1 length_NN1 of_IO anchor_NN1 in_II rock_NN1 slope_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX a_AT1 necessary_JJ case_NN1 as_CS31 long_CS32 as_CS33 it_PPH1 meets_VVZ the_AT demand_NN1 for_IF resisting_VVG the_AT pulling_JJ force_NN1 ._. 
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Both_DB2 parameters_NN2 are_VBR directly_RR related_VVN to_II the_AT transfer_NN1 of_IO wind_NN1 energy_NN1 to_II mixing_NN1 ._. 
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Worldwide_JJ "_" increasing_JJ energy_NN1 demand_NN1 has_VHZ become_VVN as_CSA one_MC1 of_IO major_JJ public_JJ concern_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT maximum_JJ slip_NN1 deformations_NN2 of_IO Specimens_NN2 B0-B6_NN1 were_VBDR 5_MC ,_, 4_MC ,_, 3_MC ,_, 7_MC ,_, 2_MC ,_, 1_MC1 ,_, and_CC 3_MC mm_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 6(d)_FO ,_, when_CS the_AT fractal_JJ labyrinthine_JJ acoustic_JJ metamaterial_JJ is_VBZ replaced_VVN by_II a_AT1 solid_JJ plumbum_NN1 (_( the_AT blue_JJ region_NN1 )_) ,_, there_EX are_VBR two_MC bandgaps_NN2 in_II the_AT frequency_NN1 range_NN1 &lsqb;_( 20_MC Hz_NNU ,_, 2000_MC Hz_NNU &rsqb;_) ._. 
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A_AT1 few_DA2 years_NNT2 later_RRR ,_, a_AT1 single_JJ detector_NN1 was_VBDZ settled_VVN out_RP for_IF medical_JJ applications_NN2 &lsqb;_( 18_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT porous_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 obtained_VVN by_II solvosonication_NN1 at_II the_AT time_NNT1 duration_NN1 of_IO 90min_NNU has_VHZ enhanced_VVN photocurrent_JJ density_NN1 (_( Jsc_NP1 )_) of_IO 9.21mA/cm2_FU with_IW high_JJ power_NN1 conversion_NN1 efficiency_NN1 (_( )_) of_IO 2.15%_FO than_CSN the_AT conventional_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 (_( ≈_NULL 1.50%_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
Elastic_JJ domain_NN1 in_II the_AT 2-D_JJ plane_NN1 stress_NN1 condition_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
First_MD ,_, a_AT1 large_JJ number_NN1 of_IO samples_NN2 were_VBDR drawn_VVN iteratively_RR using_VVG LHS_NP1 ,_, and_CC at_II each_DD1 instance_NN1 ,_, the_AT correlation_NN1 between_II random_JJ variables_NN2 was_VBDZ compared_VVN with_IW the_AT initial_JJ correlation_NN1 structure_NN1 that_CST defines_VVZ the_AT infill_NN1 strut_NN1 backbone_NN1 model_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
After_CS several_DA2 tests_NN2 ,_, carried_VVN out_RP by_II varying_VVG the_AT ground_NN1 motion_NN1 record_NN1 ,_, the_AT building_NN1 did_VDD not_XX collapse_VVI and_CC exhibited_VVD only_RR local_JJ damages_NN2 close_RR to_II the_AT connections_NN2 location_NN1 ._. 
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RCA-T_NP1 aggregates_VVZ provided_CS good_JJ quality_NN1 concrete_NN1 ,_, competitive_JJ to_II Control_NN1 concrete_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO consider_VVI his_APPGE weight_NN1 ,_, the_AT worker_NN1 stands_VVZ statically_RR in_II the_AT middle_NN1 of_IO the_AT deck_NN1 firstly_RR ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, many_DA2 current_JJ design_NN1 provisions_NN2 (_( such_II21 as_II22 shear_VV0 design_NN1 provisions_NN2 for_IF elements_NN2 without_IW transverse_JJ reinforcement_NN1 )_) are_VBR semi-empirical_JJ models_NN2 ,_, based_VVN on_II experimental_JJ testing_NN1 of_IO traditional_JJ RC_NP1 elements_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Commonly_RR used_JJ superplasticizers_NN2 include_VV0 lignosulfonates_NN2 ,_, naphthalene_NN1 ,_, melamine-based_JJ compounds_NN2 ,_, and_CC modified_JJ polycarboxylates_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ mainly_RR because_CS their_APPGE microstructures_NN2 were_VBDR different_JJ from_II each_PPX221 other_PPX222 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT sampling_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO AE_FO was_VBDZ set_VVN to_II 2MHz_FO to_TO record_VVI the_AT strain_NN1 energy_NN1 released_VVN by_II the_AT coal_NN1 samples_NN2 during_II the_AT test_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT lining_NN1 structure_NN1 of_IO underwater_JJ tunnels_NN2 should_VM be_VBI designed_VVN to_TO resist_VVI the_AT combined_JJ pressure_NN1 from_II both_DB2 of_IO the_AT ground_NN1 and_CC the_AT groundwater_NN1 (_( Bu_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC ,_, Zhang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC ,_, Li_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013a_FO ,_, Li_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013b_FO ,_, Bobet_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC ,_, Nam_NP1 and_CC Bobet_NP1 ,_, 2006_MC ,_, Lee_NP1 and_CC Nam_NP1 ,_, 2001_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
There_EX might_VM be_VBI a_AT1 reason_NN1 for_IF this_DD1 difference_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT passive_JJ resistance_NN1 recovers_VVZ as_II the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT slope_NN1 decreases_VVZ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT waterbomb_NN1 unit_NN1 cell_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 representative_JJ origami_NN2 structure_NN1 exhibiting_VVG bistability_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, for_IF safety_NN1 ,_, the_AT failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT specimen_NN1 is_VBZ proposed_VVN once_RR the_AT capacity_NN1 has_VHZ decayed_VVN by_II 15%_NNU of_IO its_APPGE maximum_JJ moment_NN1 capacity_NN1 during_II the_AT softening_JJ period_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Nevertheless_RR ,_, concrete_JJ cone_NN1 cracks_NN2 develop_VV0 even_RR in_II the_AT presence_NN1 of_IO surface_NN1 reinforcement_NN1 and_CC dominate_VV0 the_AT failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT tested_JJ anchors_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT perovskite_NN1 precursor_NN1 solution_NN1 was_VBDZ filtered_VVN with_IW 0.45_MC m_NNO PTFE_NP1 (_( polytetrafluoroethylene_NN1 )_) filter_NN1 and_CC deposited_VVN on_II the_AT ETL_NN1 coated_VVN substatres_NN2 with_IW pipettes_NN2 for_IF spin-coating_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Damping_VVG ratios_NN2 of_IO stay_NN1 cable_NN1 with_IW inerter_JJR damper_NN1 when_CS one_MC1 mode_NN1 is_VBZ optimized_VVN ._. 
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<s>
In_II turn_NN1 ,_, the_AT mean_JJ cost_NN1 of_IO replacing_VVG the_AT damaged_JJ contents_NN2 is_VBZ estimated_VVN at_II $6,000_NNU ,_, which_DDQ corresponds_VVZ to_II 1.7%_FO of_IO the_AT contents_NN2 '_NULL value_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO do_VDI this_DD1 ,_, a_AT1 closed-form_JJ representation_NN1 about_II the_AT shear_VV0 strength_NN1 of_IO unsaturated_JJ soils_NN2 is_VBZ incorporated_VVN into_II the_AT kinematic_JJ limit_NN1 analysis_NN1 method_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Additionally_RR ,_, the_AT weights_NN2 have_VH0 to_TO be_VBI changed_VVN with_IW every_AT1 optimization_NN1 run_NN1 ,_, but_CCB here_RL ,_, one_PN1 has_VHZ to_TO consider_VVI that_CST a_AT1 uniformly_RR distributed_VVN set_NN1 of_IO weights_NN2 does_VDZ not_XX necessarily_RR lead_VVI to_II a_AT1 uniformly_RR distributed_VVN set_NN1 of_IO Pareto-optimal_JJ solutions_NN2 (_( Deb_NP1 ,_, 2001_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, an_AT1 experimental_JJ program_NN1 aimed_VVN at_II investigating_VVG the_AT IP/OOP_NN1 interaction_NN1 in_II URM_NP1 infill_NN1 walls_NN2 carried_VVN out_RP at_II the_AT Department_NN1 of_IO Structures_NN2 for_IF Engineering_NN1 and_CC Architecture_NN1 of_IO the_AT University_NN1 of_IO Naples_NP1 Federico_NP1 II_MC was_VBDZ presented_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, building_NN1 energy_NN1 usage_NN1 and_CC evaluation_NN1 of_IO large_JJ scale_NN1 can_VM expend_VVI time_NNT1 allotments_NN2 ,_, especially_RR when_CS used_VVN with_IW the_AT single_JJ building_NN1 based_VVN simulation_NN1 approaches_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, only_RR a_AT1 small_JJ number_NN1 of_IO spatiotemporal_JJ exposure_NN1 studies_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN performed_VVN that_CST meet_VV0 these_DD2 criteria_NN2 (_( Baker_NP1 and_CC Kasprzyk-Hordern_NP1 ,_, 2013_MC ;_; Daneshvar_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC ;_; Kasprzyk-Hordern_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2008_MC ;_; Paíga_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Finally_RR ,_, there_EX is_VBZ still_RR the_AT question_NN1 of_IO how_RGQ many_DA2 DEM_FW cycles_NN2 should_VM be_VBI run_VVN once_RR fluid_JJ forces_NN2 are_VBR applied_VVN on_II solid_JJ particles_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
FTA_NP1 selected_JJ projects_NN2 based_VVN upon_II a_AT1 comprehensive_JJ ,_, multicriteria_NN1 scored_VVD evaluation_NN1 procedure_NN1 that_CST included_VVD these_DD2 guidelines_NN2 ,_, FEMA_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 hazard_NN1 mitigation_NN1 cost_NN1 effectiveness_NN1 methodology_NN1 and_CC consideration_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 project_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 implementation_NN1 strategy_NN1 ,_, protection_NN1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT vulnerable_JJ assets_NN2 ,_, collaboration_NN1 with_IW local_JJ and_CC regional_JJ planning_NN1 agencies_NN2 ,_, project_NN1 interdependencies_NN2 ,_, local_JJ financial_JJ commitment_NN1 ,_, and_CC applicant_NN1 technical_JJ capacity_NN1 ,_, among_II other_JJ factors_NN2 &lsqb;_( Notice_NN1 of_IO Funding_NN1 Availability_NN1 for_IF Resilience_NP1 Projects_NN2 in_II31 Response_II32 to_II33 Hurricane_NN1 Sandy_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Recycled_JJ aggregate_NN1 can_VM have_VHI lower_RRR embodied_VVN energy_NN1 in_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 reduced_JJ transport_NN1 emissions_NN2 ,_, especially_RR where_CS recycled_JJ materials_NN2 are_VBR re-used_VVN in_II close_JJ proximity_NN1 to_II the_AT site_NN1 of_IO re-processing_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
An_AT1 example_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 resistance_NN1 curve_NN1 modified_VVN for_IF rolling_VVG shear_VV0 failure_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 16_MC for_IF specimen_NN1 CLT3-4.2_MC ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 sense_NN1 ,_, fuzzy_JJ set_NN1 theory_NN1 offers_VVZ a_AT1 solid_JJ mathematical_JJ background_NN1 on_II which_DDQ solve_VV0 the_AT issue_NN1 of_IO labelling_VVG each_DD1 pixel_NN1 as_CSA belonging_VVG or_CC not_XX to_II the_AT RUI_NN1 through_II the_AT assignation_NN1 to_II each_DD1 pixel_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 degree_NN1 of_IO possibility_NN1 of_IO belonging_VVG to_II the_AT RUI_JJ set_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Recent_JJ advances_NN2 in_II additive_JJ manufacturing_NN1 (_( AM_RA )_) and_CC micro-_JJ and_CC nano-fabrication_NN1 allow_VV0 for_IF the_AT creation_NN1 of_IO mechanical_JJ metamaterials_NN2 at_RR21 length_RR22 scales_NN2 ranging_VVG from_II the_AT submicron_NN1 to_II the_AT millimeter_JJR scale_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 wide_JJ range_NN1 of_IO base_NN1 materials_NN2 including_II metals_NN2 (_( e.g._REX Schaedler_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2011_MC ,_, Gu_NP1 and_CC Greer_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC ,_, Gümrük_NP1 and_CC Mines_NN2 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ,_, polymers_NN2 (_( Zhang_NP1 and_CC To_II ,_, 2016_MC ,_, Babaee_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ,_, ceramics_NN2 (_( Bauer_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC )_) ,_, metallic_JJ glass_NN1 (_( Liu_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ,_, glass_NN1 (_( Kotz_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC )_) ,_, carbon_NN1 (_( Bauer_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) or_CC fiber-reinforced_JJ composites_NN2 (_( Compton_NP1 and_CC Lewis_NP1 ,_, 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Samples_NN2 extracted_VVN from_II the_AT cubes_NN2 crushed_VVN during_II strength_NN1 testing_NN1 were_VBDR stored_VVN in_II acetone_NN1 for_IF at_RR21 least_RR22 7_MC days_NNT2 to_TO stop_VVI hydration_NN1 ,_, followed_VVN by_II vacuum_NN1 drying_VVG for_IF another_DD1 7_MC days_NNT2 in_II preparation_NN1 for_IF XRD_NP1 ,_, TGA_NP1 ,_, SEM_NP1 and_CC BSE_NN1 analyses_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ known_VVN that_CST a_AT1 soil_NN1 property_NN1 at_II various_JJ locations_NN2 (_( at_II a_AT1 project_NN1 site_NN1 )_) is_VBZ often_RR correlated_VVN to_II some_DD extent_NN1 in_II both_DB2 horizontal_JJ and_CC vertical_JJ directions_NN2 ,_, and_CC such_DA spatial_JJ correlations_NN2 generally_RR decrease_VV0 with_IW the_AT relative_JJ distance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 favourable_JJ framework_NN1 conditions_NN2 and_CC the_AT significant_JJ benefits_NN2 biogas_NN2 production_NN1 create_VV0 good_JJ perspective_NN1 for_IF further_JJR biogas_NN2 development_NN1 and_CC its_APPGE use_NN1 in_II various_JJ sectors_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT context_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, smart_JJ metering_NN1 systems_NN2 coupled_VVN with_IW big_JJ data_NN analytics_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN explored_VVN to_TO reveal_VVI opportunities_NN2 for_IF operational_JJ efficiencies_NN2 and_CC customer_NN1 engagement_NN1 for_IF many_DA2 aspects_NN2 of_IO the_AT urban_JJ water_NN1 management_NN1 process_NN1 as_CSA presented_VVN in_II the_AT next_MD section_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 considers_VVZ different_JJ locations_NN2 of_IO independent_JJ foundation_NN1 above_II the_AT tunnel_NN1 :_: (_( i_ZZ1 )_) on_II the_AT middle_JJ part_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 section_NN1 (_( 500m_NNU from_II the_AT starting_NN1 point_NN1 )_) ;_; (_( ii_MC )_) near_II the_AT station_NN1 (_( 10m_NNU ,_, 15m_NNU ,_, 20m_NNU ,_, 30m_NNU ,_, 40m_NNU from_II the_AT starting_NN1 point_NN1 )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ clear_JJ that_CST the_AT stability_NN1 factors_NN2 of_IO an_AT1 unsaturated_JJ slope_NN1 are_VBR directly_RR related_VVN to_II the_AT water_NN1 level_NN1 ,_, and_CC simultaneously_RR ,_, the_AT SWCC_NP1 models_NN2 and_CC suction_NN1 angle_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
SEM_NP1 images_NN2 of_IO the_AT geopolymer_NN1 paste_NN1 were_VBDR used_VVN to_TO construct_VVI the_AT RVE_NN1 microstructures_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT current_JJ model_NN1 and_CC at_II the_AT same_DA face_NN1 advance_NN1 ,_, the_AT roof_NN1 rocks_NN2 failed_VVD up_RG21 to_RG22 83m_NNU above_II the_AT seam_NN1 floor_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Starting_VVG from_II the_AT simplest_JJT system_NN1 where_CS there_EX is_VBZ a_AT1 contact_NN1 between_II two_MC separate_JJ bodies_NN2 ,_, Amonton_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 law_NN1 of_IO friction_NN1 states_VVZ that_CST the_AT shear_VV0 force_NN1 required_VVN to_TO cause_VVI the_AT slip_NN1 is_VBZ proportional_JJ to_II the_AT normal_JJ force_NN1 acting_VVG on_II the_AT surface_NN1 and_CC the_AT coefficient_NN1 of_IO proportionality_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT friction_NN1 coefficient_NN1 ._. 
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Thickness_NN1 variation_NN1 of_IO optimized_JJ top-hat_JJ columns_NN2 along_II (_( a_ZZ1 )_) circumferential_JJ direction_NN1 (_( CTC_NP1 )_) and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) axial_JJ direction_NN1 (_( CTA_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
If_CS it_PPH1 was_VBDZ ,_, they_PPHS2 would_VM be_VBI paid_VVN a_AT1 $2_NNU bonus_NN1 less_RRR the_AT cost_NN1 of_IO the_AT actions_NN2 that_CST they_PPHS2 paid_VVD for_IF ._. 
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<s>
The_AT authors_NN2 thank_VV0 Prof._NNB Dr._NNB Alexandros_NP1 Taflanidis_NP1 for_IF his_APPGE support_NN1 during_II the_AT implementation_NN1 of_IO the_AT subset_NN1 optimization_NN1 algorithm_NN1 ._. 
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Combined_VVN with_IW the_AT unrealistic_JJ scale_NN1 of_IO specimens_NN2 ,_, no_AT axial_JJ load_NN1 is_VBZ applied_VVN in_II these_DD2 experiments_NN2 ,_, indicating_VVG that_CST the_AT results_NN2 should_VM be_VBI taken_VVN with_IW care_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT specifications_NN2 of_IO experimental_JJ instrumentation_NN1 are_VBR summarized_VVN in_II Table_NN1 2_MC ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 range_NN1 ,_, column_NN1 axial_JJ shortening_NN1 is_VBZ linearly_RR dependent_JJ on_II the_AT cumulative_JJ plastic_NN1 rotation_NN1 ._. 
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During_II the_AT deposition_NN1 ,_, the_AT fibers_NN2 are_VBR allowed_VVN to_TO bend_VVI and_CC wrap_VVI around_RP other_JJ underlying_JJ fibers_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT hybrid_JJ composite_JJ properties_NN2 exclusively_RR depend_VV0 on_II many_DA2 factors_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 ,_, property_NN1 of_IO the_AT individual_JJ fibre_NN1 ,_, compatibility_NN1 between_II the_AT fibres_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE matrix_NN1 ,_, fibre_NN1 surface_NN1 roughness_NN1 ,_, fibres_NN2 orientation_NN1 and_CC extent_NN1 of_IO intermingling_NN1 of_IO fibres_NN2 &lsqb;_( 119_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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While_CS the_AT piezoactuators_NN2 are_VBR inactive_JJ ,_, the_AT disturbance_NN1 channel_NN1 is_VBZ triggered_VVN by_II a_AT1 random_JJ signal_NN1 in_II the_AT frequency_NN1 range_NN1 of_IO &lsqb;_( 0_MC 800_MC &rsqb;_) Hz_NNU ._. 
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Cantilevering_VVG parts_NN2 ,_, undercuts_VVZ ,_, and_CC structures_NN2 on_II the_AT surface_NN1 and_CC on_II the_AT inside_NN1 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 parts_NN2 with_IW inner_JJ voids_NN2 can_VM be_VBI made_VVN ._. 
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The_AT resolution_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 infrared_JJ camera_NN1 is_VBZ 25mK_FO ._. 
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The_AT vibration_NN1 amplitude_NN1 of_IO waterjet_NN1 impact_NN1 is_VBZ much_RR larger_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO drilling_VVG ._. 
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Constant_JJ shear_VV0 retention_NN1 factors_NN2 of_IO 0.2_MC and_CC 0.05_MC were_VBDR taken_VVN into_II consideration.21_FO Exponential_NN1 and_CC parabolic_JJ curves_NN2 were_VBDR selected_VVN for_IF the_AT description_NN1 of_IO the_AT tensile_JJ and_CC compressive_JJ behaviors_NN2 respectively_RR ._. 
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The_AT effect_NN1 of_IO different_JJ flow_NN1 conditions_NN2 becomes_VVZ smaller_JJR in_II silt_NN1 and_CC is_VBZ negligible_JJ in_II loess_NN1 and_CC sand_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Where_RRQ ,_, U4_FO represents_VVZ U29_FO arch_JJ combined_JJ support_NN1 and_CC S4_FO represents_VVZ SQCC150*8_FO arch_JJ combined_JJ support_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 19_MC shows_VVZ the_AT portlandite_NN1 content_NN1 of_IO the_AT samples_NN2 60C20D20M_FO with_IW a_AT1 w/b_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 of_IO 0.45_MC and_CC 0.93_MC ,_, both_RR cured_VVN at_II 20_MC °C_NNU ,_, 38_MC °C_NNU and_CC 60_MC °C_NNU for_IF 400_MC days_NNT2 ._. 
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Meanwhile_RR ,_, Fig._NN1 7(b)_FO corresponds_VVZ to_II the_AT agglomerations_NN2 shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 6_MC ,_, where_CS the_AT GO_NN1 agglomeration_NN1 significantly_RR lowered_VVD the_AT absorbance_NN1 for_IF the_AT peak_NN1 at_II 210nm_FO ._. 
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Spatial–temporal_JJ representation_NN1 of_IO the_AT binary_JJ events_NN2 based_VVN on_II the_AT multiple_JJ threshold_NN1 concept_NN1 was_VBDZ determined_VVN and_CC shown_VVN in_II Figure12_FO for_IF four_MC consecutive_JJ time_NNT1 steps_NN2 of_IO the_AT dynamic_JJ analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Despite_II this_DD1 ,_, the_AT estimation_NN1 of_IO the_AT change_NN1 rates_NN2 had_VHD high_JJ accuracy_NN1 ,_, as_CSA previously_RR presented_VVN in_II Table_NN1 5_MC ._. 
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The_AT inability_NN1 to_TO perform_VVI real-time_JJ displacement_NN1 measurement_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, would_VM limit_VVI the_AT application_NN1 for_IF continuous_JJ online_JJ monitoring_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT impact_NN1 of_IO different_JJ backfill_NN1 materials_NN2 on_II the_AT dynamic_JJ response_NN1 of_IO embankment_NN1 at_II various_JJ depths_NN2 at_II the_AT centre_NN1 of_IO the_AT track_NN1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN clearly_RR in_II Fig._NN1 10_MC ._. 
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The_AT Instron_NN1 2620601_MC axial_JJ dynamic_JJ extensometer_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 measurement_NN1 base_NN1 of_IO 50mm_NNU was_VBDZ used_VVN for_IF strain_NN1 control_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT reservoir_NN1 pore_NN1 pressure_NN1 change_NN1 occurs_VVZ due_II21 to_II22 combined_JJ effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT mechanical_JJ deformation_NN1 of_IO the_AT rock_NN1 mass_NN1 and_CC the_AT poroelastic_JJ effects_NN2 that_CST are_VBR the_AT time_NNT1 dependent_JJ fluid_NN1 diffusion_NN1 into_II rock_NN1 mass_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT parameters_NN2 L_ZZ1 and_CC need_VV0 to_TO be_VBI set_VVN carefully_RR &lsqb;_( 34_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 37_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Also_RR ,_, the_AT increase_NN1 rates_NN2 of_IO the_AT average_JJ relative_JJ errors_NN2 for_IF both_DB2 the_AT IFCF_NN1 and_CC the_AT ISRF_NN1 become_VV0 larger_JJR with_IW the_AT decrease_NN1 of_IO SNR_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT additional_JJ pores_NN2 formed_VVN by_II the_AT swollen_JJ SAP_NN1 particles_NN2 are_VBR large_JJ enough_RR to_TO be_VBI comparable_JJ to_II the_AT entrained_VVN air_NN1 void_NN1 that_CST can_VM decrease_VVI the_AT strength_NN1 of_IO concretes_NN2 ,_, including_II UHPC_NP1 &lsqb;_( 28,51,52_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 15(b)_FO that_CST the_AT maximum_JJ longitudinal_JJ stress_NN1 locates_VVZ at_II the_AT pavement_NN1 edge_NN1 in_II the_AT transversal_NN1 direction_NN1 and_CC decreases_VVZ progressively_RR from_II the_AT pavement_NN1 edge_NN1 to_II the_AT pavement_NN1 center_NN1 ,_, and_CC along_II the_AT longitudinal_JJ direction_NN1 ,_, the_AT longitudinal_JJ stress_NN1 decreases_VVZ from_II the_AT middle_JJ crosssection_NN1 to_II the_AT suspender_NN1 crosssection_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT rock_NN1 mass_NN1 around_II the_AT cavern_NN1 are_VBR simulated_VVN during_II leaching_VVG ,_, sealing_VVG test_NN1 ,_, debrining_VVG and_CC operating_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 is_VBZ our_APPGE preliminary_JJ attempt_NN1 to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT extrusion_NN1 process_NN1 of_IO proposed_JJ cementitious_JJ material_NN1 and_CC evaluate_VV0 its_APPGE coordinating_JJ effect_NN1 with_IW the_AT printing_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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Further_JJR studies_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT difference_NN1 between_II the_AT two_MC moduli_NN2 may_VM be_VBI larger_JJR than_CSN dozens_NNO2 of_IO percent_NNU ,_, and_CC the_AT calculated_JJ cable_NN1 frequency_NN1 error_NN1 can_VM be_VBI larger_JJR than_CSN 5.0%_FO ._. 
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For_IF the_AT quartz_NN1 optical_JJ fiber_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ does_VDZ not_XX interact_VVI with_IW other_JJ solids_NN2 at_II the_AT place_NN1 of_IO the_AT Bragg_NP1 grating_JJ location_NN1 ,_, the_AT strain_NN1 coefficient_NN1 is_VBZ Kε_FO ≈_NULL 0.78_MC with_IW sufficiently_RR high_JJ accuracy.19_FO In_II the_AT case_NN1 when_CS the_AT optical_JJ fiber_NN1 with_IW the_AT Bragg_NP1 grating_JJ interacts_VVZ with_IW the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO some_DD material_NN1 (_( e.g._REX ,_, through_II a_AT1 glue_NN1 joint_NN1 )_) or_CC is_VBZ embedded_VVN in_II the_AT material_NN1 ,_, the_AT value_NN1 of_IO the_AT coefficient_NN1 Kε_FO in_II Relation_NN1 3_MC ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT strain_NN1 ,_, must_VM be_VBI refined_VVN ,_, that_REX21 is_REX22 ,_, calibrated_VVN ._. 
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The_AT IDA_NP1 results_NN2 of_IO the_AT isolation_NN1 level_NN1 and_CC of_IO the_AT superstructure_NN1 for_IF the_AT softening_JJ behavior_NN1 are_VBR respectively_RR illustrated_VVN in_II Figures7_FO and_CC 8_MC ,_, showing_VVG only_RR some_DD results_NN2 ._. 
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Effect_NN1 of_IO cooling_VVG methods_NN2 on_II residual_JJ compressive_JJ strength_NN1 ._. 
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In_II Miami_NP1 ,_, the_AT indoor_JJ temperature_NN1 and_CC relative_JJ humidity_NN1 under_II both_DB2 heuristic_JJ and_CC reinforcement_NN1 learning_NN1 control_NN1 strategies_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 8_MC ._. 
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This_DD1 design_NN1 example_NN1 is_VBZ based_VVN on_II the_AT currently_RR available_JJ design_NN1 method_NN1 for_IF sheathed_JJ CFS_VVZ panels_NN2 subjected_VVN to_TO out-of-plane_VVI bending_VVG ;_; however_RR ,_, the_AT current_JJ method_NN1 can_VM be_VBI improved_VVN by_II carrying_VVG out_RP more_DAR experiments_NN2 on_II sheathed_JJ panels_NN2 followed_VVN by_II a_AT1 thorough_JJ examination_NN1 of_IO the_AT appropriate_JJ stiffnesses_NN2 (_( kx_NNU ,_, ky_JJ ,_, and_CC k_ZZ1 )_) to_TO be_VBI incorporated_VVN for_IF performing_VVG the_AT elastic_NN1 buckling_VVG analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Only_RR if_CS the_AT active_JJ damping_NN1 ratio_NN1 is_VBZ set_VVN to_TO zero_VVI ,_, then_RT the_AT two_MC mobilities_NN2 become_VV0 the_AT same_DA as_CSA indicated_VVN by_II the_AT red_JJ dotted_JJ line_NN1 in_II Fig._NN1 11_MC ._. 
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Here_RL ,_, we_PPIS2 are_VBR only_RR interested_JJ in_II the_AT steadystate_NN1 solution_NN1 ,_, so_RG initial_JJ disturbances_NN2 will_VM be_VBI attenuated_VVN after_II a_AT1 while_NNT1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ to_TO be_VBI expected_VVN given_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT inelastic_JJ method_NN1 is_VBZ explicitly_RR based_VVN on_II overall_JJ system_NN1 behaviors_NN2 ._. 
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In_II low-rise_JJ regions_NN2 near_II country_NN1 parks_NN2 in_II the_AT southern_JJ part_NN1 of_IO the_AT study_NN1 area_NN1 in_II Hong_NP1 Kong_NP1 Island_NN1 where_CS BVF_NP1 is_VBZ low_JJ (_( e.g._REX ,_, the_AT dotted_JJ rectangles_NN2 in_II Fig._NN1 6_MC )_) ,_, the_AT SVF_NP1 values_NN2 ,_, however_RR ,_, are_VBR in_II a_AT1 much_RR lower_JJR range_NN1 (_( 0.0-0.2_MCMC ;_; Fig._NN1 6_MC (_( c_ZZ1 )_) )_) ._. 
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Previous_JJ researches_NN2 have_VH0 shown_VVN that_CST the_AT combination_NN1 of_IO electrochemical_JJ oxidation_NN1 and_CC sizing_VVG treatment_NN1 can_VM clearly_RR increase_VVI the_AT IFSS_NN1 or_CC the_AT ILSS_NN1 of_IO carbon_NN1 fibre/epoxy_FU composites_NN2 by_II 14-75%_FO and_CC 15-41%_FO ,_, respectively_RR &lsqb;_( 8_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 26_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 27_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 28_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Sample_NN1 60C35D5M_FO showed_VVD a_AT1 significantly_RR lower_JJR chloride_NN1 binding_JJ than_CSN sample_NN1 60C40D_FO when_CS cured_VVN at_II 60°C_NNU ._. 
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MWCNTs_NP1 have_VH0 a_AT1 remarkable_JJ influence_NN1 on_II the_AT retention_NN1 of_IO SDBS_NP1 in_II sediment_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 4_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT parametric_JJ analysis_NN1 ,_, the_AT reinforcement_NN1 ratio_NN1 and_CC the_AT inclined_JJ angle_NN1 of_IO the_AT dovetail-shaped_JJ areas_NN2 were_VBDR investigated_VVN ._. 
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The_AT embedded_JJ bars_NN2 exhibited_VVD two_MC stages_NN2 of_IO response_NN1 during_II loading_NN1 ._. 
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Create_VV0 clump_NN1 templates_NN2 as_CSA coarse_JJ aggregates_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ hoped_VVN that_CST further_JJR research_NN1 will_VM be_VBI carried_VVN out_RP in_II the_AT future_JJ to_TO find_VVI ,_, design_NN1 ,_, and_CC manufacture_VVI the_AT appropriate_JJ material_NN1 that_CST can_VM reflect_VVI physically_RR the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO superhealing_VVG materials_NN2 ._. 
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Basically_RR ,_, the_AT sample_NN1 is_VBZ placed_VVN between_II two_MC heated_JJ plates_NN2 with_IW δTa_FO and_CC δTs_FO ._. 
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Specimens_NN2 1_MC1 to_II 10_MC performed_VVD as_CSA intended_VVN in_II design_NN1 as_CSA they_PPHS2 could_VM sustain_VVI significant_JJ cyclic_JJ ductility_NN1 demand_NN1 ,_, higher_JJR than_CSN code_NN1 prescribed_JJ acceptance_NN1 criteria_NN2 ,_, and_CC exhibited_VVD stable_JJ hysteretic_JJ response_NN1 without_IW strength_NN1 deterioration_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT relationship_NN1 between_II the_AT width_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 sliding_JJ body_NN1 and_CC the_AT safety_NN1 factor_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT value_NN1 of_IO the_AT safety_NN1 factor_NN1 itself_PPX1 ,_, were_VBDR determined_VVN ._. 
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Wall_NN1 SQ2S_FO experienced_VVD a_AT1 maximum_JJ sliding_JJ displacement_NN1 of_IO 15.5_MC mm_NNU at_II the_AT right_JJ end_NN1 of_IO the_AT wall_NN1 at_II ultimate_JJ ._. 
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Various_JJ other_JJ remunerations_NN2 can_VM be_VBI associated_VVN with_IW expanding_VVG this_DD1 algorithm_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT discrete_JJ element_NN1 method_NN1 ,_, Assefa_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2017_MC )_) analyzed_VVD a_AT1 deep-seated_JJ slope_NN1 movement_NN1 in_II a_AT1 complex_JJ rock_NN1 formation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT resulting_JJ meta-model_NN1 serves_VVZ as_II a_AT1 basis_NN1 for_IF implementing_VVG an_AT1 approach_NN1 that_CST directly_RR simulates_VVZ the_AT range_NN1 of_IO price_NN1 elasticities_NN2 resulting_VVG from_II policy-relevant_JJ combinations_NN2 of_IO its_APPGE determinants_NN2 ._. 
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Rupture_VV0 at_II the_AT location_NN1 of_IO the_AT couplers_NN2 occurred_VVD at_II 41_MC mm_NNU elongation_NN1 ,_, corresponding_VVG to_II 1.61%_FO elongation_NN1 of_IO the_AT full_JJ brace_NN1 and_CC 6.45%_FO elongation_NN1 of_IO the_AT SMA_NN1 link_NN1 ._. 
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N/A_ZZ1 :_: not_XX available_JJ ;_; DIC_NP1 :_: digital_JJ image_NN1 correlation_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN from_II the_AT error_NN1 analyses_VVZ that_CST the_AT model_NN1 proposed_VVN by_II Lin_NP1 and_CC Zhao_NP1 &lsqb;_( 27_MC &rsqb;_) shows_VVZ the_AT best_JJT performance_NN1 among_II the_AT existing_JJ models_NN2 (_( Table_NN1 1_MC1 )_) ,_, with_IW R2_FO =_FO 0.456_MC and_CC IAE_NP1 =_FO 0.229_MC ,_, followed_VVN by_II Chung_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 21_MC &rsqb;_) with_IW 0.396_MC and_CC 0.253_MC for_IF R2_FO and_CC IAE_NP1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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An_AT1 optimized_JJ HVAC_JJ control_NN1 strategy_NN1 was_VBDZ then_RT developed_VVN by_II grouping_VVG similar_JJ occupancy_NN1 patterns_NN2 into_II the_AT same_DA thermal_JJ zone_NN1 ._. 
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Comparing_VVG with_IW the_AT evaluated_VVN deposit_NN1 volumes_NN2 of_IO 2.70_MC ×_II 106_MC m3_FO by_II Gao_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2014_MC )_) and_CC 1.10_MC ×_II 106_MC m3_FO by_II Sichuan_JJ Transportation_NN1 Department_NN1 Highway_NN1 Planning_NN1 ,_, Survey_NN1 ,_, Design_NN1 and_CC Research_NN1 Institute_NN1 (_( 2010_MC )_) ,_, the_AT calculated_JJ deposit_NN1 volume_NN1 in_II this_DD1 research_NN1 appears_VVZ to_TO be_VBI reasonable_JJ ._. 
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Fig._NN1 1_MC1 shows_VVZ the_AT reinforcement_NN1 details_NN2 of_IO the_AT circular_NN1 and_CC square_JJ columns_NN2 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Snapshot_NN1 of_IO the_AT normalized_JJ acoustic_JJ pressure_NN1 field_NN1 of_IO the_AT trailing_JJ edge_NN1 noise_NN1 generated_VVN by_II a_AT1 single_JJ convecting_JJ vortex_NN1 on_II a_AT1 NACA0012_FO airfoil_VV0 with_IW solid_JJ trailing_JJ edge_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 indicates_VVZ that_CST the_AT soil_NN1 freezing_JJ speed_NN1 in_II simulation_NN1 is_VBZ higher_JJR than_CSN the_AT measured_JJ result_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 research_NN1 received_VVD no_AT specific_JJ grant_NN1 from_II any_DD funding_NN1 agency_NN1 in_II the_AT public_NN1 ,_, commercial_JJ ,_, or_CC not-for-profit_JJ sectors_NN2 ._. 
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Inelastic_JJ displacement_NN1 ratios_NN2 of_IO soil-structure_JJ systems_NN2 with_IW considered_JJ hysteresis_NN1 models_NN2 for_IF a0_FO =_FO 1_MC1 ._. 
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UV/H2O2_JJ ,_, for_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, was_VBDZ described_VVN as_II an_AT1 AOP_NN1 without_IW significant_JJ OBP_NN1 formation_NN1 and_CC no_UH or_CC minor_JJ increase_NN1 of_IO genotoxic_JJ activity_NN1 if_CS applied_VVN to_II surface_NN1 water_NN1 (_( Linden_NP1 etal._NNU ,_, 2005_MC )_) ._. 
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Two_MC types_NN2 of_IO regression_NN1 models_NN2 (_( constant_JJ variance_NN1 and_CC category-dependent_JJ variance_NN1 )_) were_VBDR created_VVN to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT impacts_NN2 of_IO potentially_RR explanatory_JJ variables_NN2 on_II labor_NN1 cost_NN1 changes_NN2 following_VVG disasters_NN2 ._. 
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In_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, we_PPIS2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT concept_NN1 of_IO stranded_JJ CO2_FO can_VM transform_VVI a_AT1 seemingly_RR high-performing_JJ infrastructure_NN1 design_NN1 into_II the_AT worst_JJT case_NN1 scenario_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT force_NN1 produced_VVN by_II the_AT inerter_JJR is_VBZ proportional_JJ to_II the_AT relative_JJ acceleration_NN1 between_II both_DB2 ends_NN2 ,_, and_CC the_AT amplified_JJ equivalent_JJ mass_JJ effect_NN1 ,_, that_REX21 is_REX22 ,_, inertance_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ realized_VVN by_II a_AT1 mechanism_NN1 using_VVG the_AT hydraulic_JJ ,_, 9_MC ball_NN1 screw_NN1 ,_, 3_MC or_CC rack_NN1 and_CC pinion_NN1 inerter.8_FO ,_, In_II the_AT previous_JJ methodologies_NN2 ,_, current_JJ wind_NN1 standards_NN2 provide_VV0 estimates_NN2 of_IO maximum_JJ wind_NN1 velocity_NN1 ;_; conversely_RR ,_, the_AT third_MD methodology_NN1 estimates_VVZ the_AT probable_JJ maximum_JJ wind_NN1 velocity_NN1 from_II statistical_JJ studies_NN2 from_II Friedman_NP1 (_( 1973_MC )_) ._. 
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Effect_NN1 of_IO tetracaine_NN1 concentration_NN1 on_II its_APPGE decay_NN1 kinetics_NN1 for_IF the_AT PEF_NN1 treatment_NN1 of_IO 150_MC mL_NNU of_IO different_JJ solutions_NN2 of_IO the_AT pharmaceutical_JJ spiked_VVN into_II urban_JJ wastewater_NN1 at_II pH_NN1 3.0_MC using_VVG a_AT1 BDD/air-diffusion_NN1 cell_NN1 at_II j_ZZ1 =_FO 33.3_MC mA_NN1 cm2_FO and_CC 35_MC °C_NNU ._. 
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The_AT Aqua-Protec_NP1 model_NN1 uses_VVZ the_AT inflatable_JJ technology_NN1 described_VVN in_II the_AT "_" Backwater_NN1 Valve_NN1 Classification_NN1 "_" section_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, about_II one_MC1 kilometer_NNU1 south_ND1 from_II the_AT village_NN1 center_NN1 there_EX is_VBZ higher_JJR wind_NN1 potential_NN1 with_IW about_RG 5.8_MC m_ZZ1 s1_FO ,_, as_CSA a_AT1 yearly_JJ average_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 19(c)_FO shows_VVZ that_CST EWMA_NP1 statistic_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT residual_JJ of_IO the_AT DC_NP1 voltage_NN1 could_VM show_VVI up_RP and_CC exceed_VVI the_AT lower_JJR control_NN1 limit_NN1 indicating_VVG the_AT occurrence_NN1 of_IO some_DD abnormalities_NN2 ._. 
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First_MD ,_, compared_VVN with_IW the_AT NNI_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 simple_JJ group_NN1 of_IO OSP_NN1 layouts_NN2 are_VBR illustrated_VVN to_TO verify_VVI the_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT proposed_JJ SDI_NN1 ._. 
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Significant_JJ response_NN1 parameters_NN2 of_IO the_AT reference_NN1 specimen_NN1 OOP4E_FO ._. 
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As_II21 regards_II22 the_AT bottom_JJ connection_NN1 ,_, the_AT inplane_NN1 and_CC outofplane_NN1 forcedisplacement_NN1 relationships_NN2 are_VBR modelled_VVN by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 springs_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 symmetric_JJ elastoplastic_JJ hysteresis_NN1 :_: The_AT stiffness_NN1 is_VBZ evaluated_VVN considering_II the_AT supporting_JJ bolt_NN1 as_II a_AT1 cantilever_NN1 beam_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 horizontal_JJ load_NN1 at_II the_AT top_NN1 ;_; the_AT yielding_JJ load_NN1 is_VBZ associated_VVN with_IW the_AT flexural_JJ capacity_NN1 of_IO the_AT bolt_NN1 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, a_AT1 literature_NN1 survey_NN1 was_VBDZ made_VVN and_CC results_NN2 indicate_VV0 that_CST the_AT main_JJ sodium_NN1 in_II the_AT Xinjiang_NN1 coal_NN1 basin_NN1 of_IO China_NP1 is_VBZ water_NN1 soluble_JJ with_IW an_AT1 average_JJ value_NN1 of_IO 64%_NNU ._. 
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The_AT RH_FO probe_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN by_II drilling_VVG a_AT1 fresh_JJ hole_NN1 and_CC then_RT immediately_RR inserting_VVG the_AT probe_NN1 sensor_NN1 to_TO measure_VVI the_AT RH_FO and_CC moisture_NN1 conditions_NN2 at_II middepth_NN1 (_( 100_MC mm_NNU )_) of_IO the_AT column_NN1 ._. 
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Polyethylene_NP1 (_( PE_NN1 )_) and_CC polyvinyl_NN1 alcohol_NN1 (_( PVA_NN1 )_) fiber_NN1 reinforcement_NN1 of_IO one-part_RR geopolymers_NN2 prepared_VVN using_VVG fly_NN1 ash_NN1 and_CC blast_VV0 furnace_NN1 slag_NN1 or_CC lime_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN studied_VVN by_II Nematollahi_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 67_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 68_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 136_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 137_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 138_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 139_MC &rsqb;_) in_II several_DA2 papers_NN2 ._. 
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FRP_NP1 fibre_NN1 direction_NN1 was_VBDZ indicated_VVN by_II dashed_JJ lines_NN2 in_II Fig._NN1 1b_FO and_CC c_ZZ1 ._. 
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Steel_NN1 bolts_NN2 of_IO different_JJ lengths_NN2 were_VBDR inserted_VVN into_II the_AT preset_JJ holes_NN2 ,_, followed_VVN by_II pouring_VVG in_II epoxy_JJ resin_NN1 to_TO form_VVI a_AT1 bond_NN1 between_II the_AT concrete_NN1 and_CC steel_NN1 bolts_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT postbuckling_JJ performance_NN1 (_( overall_RR axial_JJ stiffness_NN1 )_) of_IO this_DD1 blended_JJ VAT_NN1 panel_NN1 is_VBZ lower_JJR than_CSN the_AT postbuckling_JJ result_NN1 given_VVN by_II the_AT target_NN1 VAT_NN1 panel_NN1 #5_NNU ._. 
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Beams_NN2 B4_FO and_CC B5_FO were_VBDR both_RR strengthened_VVN with_IW one_MC1 layer_NN1 of_IO CFRG_NP1 strengthening_NN1 system_NN1 ,_, and_CC were_VBDR applied_VVN the_AT same_DA level_NN1 of_IO loading_NN1 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT valence_NN1 states_NN2 of_IO the_AT Sb2Se3_FO films_NN2 and_CC nanorods_NN2 ,_, XPS_NP1 analysis_NN1 was_VBDZ conducted_VVN ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 demonstrate_VV0 the_AT methodology_NN1 by_II studying_VVG the_AT energy_NN1 flexibility_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 hot_JJ water_NN1 storage_NN1 tank_NN1 used_VVN for_IF space_NN1 heating_NN1 and_CC domestic_JJ hot_JJ water_NN1 ._. 
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Except_II21 for_II22 Specimen_NN1 11_MC ,_, the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO throughwidth_NN1 gap_NN1 on_II overall_JJ response_NN1 was_VBDZ minor_JJ because_II21 of_II22 the_AT large_JJ inplane_NN1 buckling_VVG capacity_NN1 of_IO the_AT core_NN1 and_CC high_JJ inplane_NN1 constraining_VVG stiffness_NN1 of_IO the_AT restrainers_NN2 ._. 
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After_II curing_VVG (_( oven_NN1 baked_VVN at_II 177°C_NNU )_) the_AT material_NN1 achieves_VVZ a_AT1 strength_NN1 of_IO 2.6MPa_FO ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 section_NN1 ,_, the_AT process_NN1 of_IO determining_VVG all_DB the_AT required_JJ mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 for_IF the_AT numerical_JJ model_NN1 ,_, mainly_RR from_II the_AT experimental_JJ data_NN presented_VVN in_II Section_NN1 3_MC ,_, is_VBZ demonstrated_VVN ._. 
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Another_DD1 feature_NN1 of_IO the_AT effective_JJ coalition_NN1 formation_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR the_AT management_NN1 of_IO energy_NN1 balance_NN1 ,_, for_IF scenarios_NN2 where_RRQ a_AT1 limited_JJ and/or_CC restricted_JJ electrical_JJ power_NN1 is_VBZ purchased_VVN from_II the_AT upstream_JJ grid_NN1 ._. 
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In_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 temperature_NN1 ,_, other_JJ parameters_NN2 like_II nutrition_NN1 and_CC aeration_NN1 needs_VVZ to_TO be_VBI maintained_VVN in_II optimal_JJ range_NN1 ,_, to_TO modify_VVI or_CC tweak_VVI the_AT biomass_NN1 composition_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT required_JJ task_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT extent_NN1 of_IO damages_NN2 varies_VVZ in_II different_JJ locations_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ difficult_JJ to_TO determine_VVI an_AT1 optimal_JJ solution_NN1 that_CST optimizes_VVZ all_DB objectives_NN2 simultaneously_RR (_( Luo_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC ,_, Qin_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC )_) ._. 
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Pseudo-code_NN1 of_IO the_AT CF-guided_JJ optimization_NN1 strategy_NN1 ._. 
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First_MD ,_, they_PPHS2 derived_VVD the_AT weights_NN2 of_IO six_MC ESS_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 stakeholder_NN1 questionnaire_NN1 and_CC the_AT analytical_JJ hierarchy_NN1 process_NN1 (_( AHP_NP1 )_) (_( Saaty_NP1 ,_, 1988_MC )_) ._. 
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Fig.3_FO shows_VVZ the_AT scatterplots_NN2 of_IO the_AT response_NN1 variable_NN1 (_( LCC_NP1 )_) versus_II each_DD1 explanatory_JJ variable_NN1 (_( EC_NP1 ,_, CC_NP1 ,_, WW_NP1 ,_, WL_NP1 ,_, and_CC BP_NP1 )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 rule_NN1 of_IO thumb_NN1 ,_, though_CS ,_, does_VDZ not_XX mean_VVI that_CST the_AT ptuni_NN2 (_( or_CC the_AT pCAVexc/gtan_NN1 )_) is_VBZ an_AT1 "_" efficient_JJ "_" IM_NN1 of_IO rocking_VVG overturning_VVG prediction_NN1 ,_, as_CSA the_AT inverse_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX true_JJ ;_; increasing_VVG further_JJR ptuni>1_FO does_VDZ not_XX imply_VVI significant_JJ increase_NN1 of_IO the_AT probability_NN1 of_IO overturning_VVG (_( Figure_NN1 13_MC )_) ._. 
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Because_CS ASCE_NP1 7_MC is_VBZ meant_VVN to_TO provide_VVI demands_NN2 at_II a_AT1 DE_NP1 level_NN1 ,_, for_IF a_AT1 more_RGR reliable_JJ evaluation_NN1 of_IO the_AT Fp_NP1 equation_NN1 ,_, 2_MC representative_JJ archetype_NN1 buildings_NN2 are_VBR designed_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT ASCE_NP1 716_MC seismic_JJ provisions_NN2 and_CC exposed_VVD to_II various_JJ ground_NN1 motion_NN1 intensity_NN1 levels_NN2 (_( including_II those_DD2 consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT ones_NN2 experienced_VVN by_II instrumented_JJ buildings_NN2 and_CC the_AT DE_FW )_) ._. 
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In_II theory_NN1 ,_, both_RR prepared_VVN CFRP_NP1 plates_NN2 contain_VV0 13,000_MC filaments_NN2 per_II mm2_FO along_II the_AT cross_NN1 section_NN1 of_IO specimen_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 2(a)-(b)_ZZ1 ,_, the_AT defective_JJ frequency_NN1 can_VM not_XX be_VBI identified_VVN from_II the_AT waveform_NN1 ,_, the_AT power_NN1 spectrum_NN1 and_CC the_AT TFD_NP1 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO noise_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, this_DD1 joint_JJ geometry_NN1 may_VM be_VBI viewed_VVN as_CSA overly_RR simplified_VVN and_CC hides_VVZ potential_JJ practical_JJ issues_NN2 with_IW the_AT proposed_JJ retrofit_NN1 solutions_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 normal_JJ distribution_NN1 was_VBDZ applied_VVN to_II all_DB variables_NN2 in_II Table_NN1 4_MC ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, with_IW these_DD2 considerations_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 carry_VV0 out_RP triaxial_JJ creep_NN1 tests_NN2 on_II the_AT COx_NP1 claystone_NN1 samples_NN2 but_CCB under_RG fully_RR saturated_JJ conditions_NN2 but_CCB with_IW controlled_JJ saturation_NN1 degree_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA concerning_II the_AT overall_JJ perception_NN1 of_IO the_AT sound_NN1 in_II the_AT classroom_NN1 ,_, the_AT question_NN1 with_IW the_AT best_JJT correspondence_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT n._NNU 16_MC :_: it_PPH1 is_VBZ represented_VVN vs._II the_AT reverberation_NN1 time_NNT1 T60_FO (_( Fig._NN1 7_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT strain_NN1 gauges_NN2 are_VBR arranged_VVN just_RR above_RL and_CC below_II the_AT SCD_NP1 location_NN1 on_II the_AT tower_NN1 to_TO investigate_VVI effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT SCD_NP1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN that_CST the_AT two_MC values_NN2 are_VBR very_RG close_JJ ,_, with_IW the_AT exception_NN1 of_IO stiffer_JJR ,_, squat_JJ structures_NN2 ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO kw_NNU and_CC kp_NNU ,_, the_AT natural_JJ frequencies_NN2 and_CC static_JJ buckling_JJ load_NN1 become_VV0 larger_JJR ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 presents_VVZ the_AT application_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 data-driven_JJ WofE_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF landslide_NN1 probability_NN1 assessments_NN2 in_II a_AT1 landslide-prone_JJ area_NN1 in_II northern_JJ Pakistan_NP1 ._. 
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If_CS is_VBZ a_AT1 martensitic_JJ phase_NN1 ,_, applies_VVZ ._. 
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The_AT overall_JJ procedure_NN1 for_IF combined_JJ event_NN1 disaggregation_NN1 is_VBZ detailed_VVN in_II Nguyen_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2013b_FO )_) ._. 
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Fig._NN1 5_MC shows_VVZ the_AT bending_NN1 moment_NN1 and_CC shear_VV0 force_NN1 along_II the_AT tunnel_NN1 axis_NN1 for_IF 0=45°_FO and_CC 0=90°_FO ,_, respectively_RR ,_, obtained_VVN from_II ABAQUS_NP1 and_CC from_II the_AT analytical_JJ solution_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT heat_NN1 flow_NN1 measurements_NN2 was_VBDZ ±1%_FO ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, for_IF regional_JJ analyses_NN2 ,_, these_DD2 models_NN2 can_VM be_VBI computationally_RR expensive_JJ ._. 
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The_AT repeated_JJ sensors_NN2 among_II the_AT four_MC setups_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 Sensors1_FO ,_, 9_MC ,_, 10_MC ,_, and_CC 11_MC ,_, were_VBDR reference_NN1 sensors_NN2 that_CST were_VBDR used_VVN to_TO assemble_VVI the_AT partial_JJ mode_NN1 shapes_NN2 identified_VVN from_II different_JJ setups_NN2 ._. 
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Convergence_NN1 in_II a_AT1 time_NNT1 step_NN1 is_VBZ achieved_VVN when_CS the_AT norms_NN2 of_IO both_DB2 the_AT incremental_JJ velocity_NN1 and_CC incremental_JJ pressure_NN1 vectors_NN2 are_VBR less_DAR than_CSN 10-6_MCMC ._. 
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Despite_II the_AT large_JJ cumulative_JJ traveling_JJ distance_NN1 of_IO the_AT RSF_NP1 joints_NN2 during_II the_AT tests_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ was_VBDZ approximately_RR 19_MC m_NNU for_IF each_DD1 joint_JJ (_( including_II the_AT joint_JJ component_NN1 tests_NN2 ,_, the_AT trial_NN1 tests_NN2 ,_, and_CC the_AT final_JJ tests_NN2 in_II which_DDQ the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR presented_VVN )_) ,_, they_PPHS2 still_RR performed_VVN as_CSA predicted_VVN by_II the_AT end_NN1 of_IO the_AT last_MD test_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 effect_NN1 resulted_VVN in_II a_AT1 relatively_RR large_JJ error_NN1 in_II the_AT quantification_NN1 (_( estimated_VVN at_II approx_RR ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, partly_RR matching_VVG the_AT well_JJ resistance_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT geometry_NN1 and_CC smear_VV0 effects_NN2 for_IF the_AT axisymmetric_JJ case_NN1 to_II the_AT well_JJ resistance_NN1 for_IF the_AT plane_NN1 strain_NN1 case_NN1 determined_VVN by_II Eq_NN1 ._. 
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(_( 3_MC )_) ,_, the_AT variation_NN1 of_IO excess_JJ pore_NN1 water_NN1 pressure_NN1 with_IW depth_NN1 will_VM not_XX be_VBI the_AT same_DA as_CSA for_IF the_AT axisymmetric_JJ case_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT inclined_JJ angle_NN1 was_VBDZ found_VVN to_TO have_VHI little_DA1 effect_NN1 on_II the_AT strain_NN1 development_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS a_AT1 larger_JJR reinforcement_NN1 ratio_NN1 resulted_VVN in_II early_JJ yielding_JJ of_IO the_AT steel_NN1 beam_NN1 ._. 
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Changes_NN2 in_II the_AT YS_NP2 width_NN1 can_VM reflect_VVI the_AT intensity_NN1 of_IO the_AT longitudinal_JJ strains_NN2 sustained_VVN by_II the_AT section_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 technique_NN1 that_CST could_VM be_VBI used_VVN as_II a_AT1 quick_JJ nondestructive_JJ test_NN1 to_TO verify_VVI the_AT state_NN1 of_IO damage_NN1 in_II a_AT1 BRB_NP1 after_II an_AT1 earthquake_NN1 without_IW dismantling_VVG it_PPH1 ._. 
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Shear_VV0 force_NN1 transferred_VVN by_II different_JJ components_NN2 ._. 
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One_MC1 typical_JJ local_JJ cell_NN1 is_VBZ illustrated_VVN as_II the_AT area_NN1 marked_VVN by_II the_AT block_NN1 ._. 
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G600_FO sand_NN1 collected_VVN on_II a_AT1 600m_NNU sieve_NN1 (_( passing_VVG 710m_NNU sieve_NN1 )_) was_VBDZ used_VVN in_II the_AT one-dimensional_JJ compression_NN1 tests_NN2 ._. 
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Using_VVG the_AT Hamilton_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 principle_NN1 ,_, the_AT nonlinear_JJ partial_JJ differential_JJ equations_NN2 of_IO the_AT cylindrical_JJ shell_NN1 with_IW the_AT spinning_JJ motion_NN1 subjected_VVN to_II the_AT external_JJ axial_JJ load_NN1 are_VBR derived_VVN ._. 
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Biofuel_VV0 mandates_NN2 were_VBDR in_II place_NN1 in_II 66_MC countries_NN2 at_II the_AT national_JJ or_CC state/provincial_FU level_NN1 in_II 2015_MC ,_, meeting_VVG about_RG 4%_NNU of_IO global_JJ road_NN1 transport_NN1 fuel_NN1 ,_, while_CS support_NN1 is_VBZ being_VBG shifted_VVN towards_II the_AT promotion_NN1 of_IO advanced_JJ biofuels_NN2 in_II some_DD countries_NN2 &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Addition_NN1 of_IO PMS_NP2 produced_VVD higher_JJR onset_NN1 potential_NN1 from_II 1.94_MC V_NNU (_( electrolysis_NN1 with_IW BDD_NP1 anode_NN1 )_) to_II 2.09_MC V_NNU (_( PMS_NP2 )_) ._. 
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On_II the_AT contrary_NN1 ,_, increasing_VVG the_AT bolt_NN1 installation_NN1 density_NN1 could_VM always_RR help_VVI to_TO reinforce_VVI and_CC stabilize_VVI the_AT surrounding_JJ rock_NN1 mass_NN1 ._. 
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Landslide_NN1 hazard_NN1 map_NN1 of_IO the_AT Chomolhari_JJ region_NN1 (_( Bhutan_NP1 )_) with_IW indication_NN1 of_IO the_AT type_NN1 of_IO instabilities_NN2 (_( colour_NN1 of_IO the_AT border_NN1 line_NN1 )_) and_CC if_CS the_AT hazard_NN1 assessment_NN1 is_VBZ based_VVN on_II satellite_NN1 SAR_NP1 interferometry_NN1 (_( dashed_JJ border_NN1 line_NN1 )_) or_CC not_XX (_( solid_JJ border_NN1 line_NN1 )_) ._. 
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The_AT Wittrick-Williams_NP1 algorithm_NN1 has_VHZ featured_VVN in_II hundreds_NNO2 of_IO papers_NN2 in_II the_AT literature_NN1 and_CC its_APPGE details_NN2 are_VBR not_XX repeated_VVN here_RL ._. 
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Commercially_RR available_JJ surfactants_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 Gum_NN1 Arabic_NN1 (_( from_II Sigma-Aldrich_NP1 )_) ,_, Microair_NP1 905_MC ,_, Sika_NN1 Viscocrete_NN1 6_MC and_CC ADVA_NP1 210_MC (_( supplied_VVN by_II Grace_NP1 Australia_NP1 Pty_NP1 ._. 
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Ltd._JJ )_) were_VBDR used_VVN for_IF dispersion_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Low_JJ and_CC moderate_JJ seismic_JJ risk_NN1 regions_NN2 may_VM use_VVI untopped_JJ double_JJ tees_NN2 relying_VVG on_II mechanical_JJ connectors_NN2 at_II the_AT joints_NN2 to_TO transfer_VVI diaphragm_NN1 in-plane_NN1 shear_VV0 (_( as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 vertical_JJ shear_VV0 )_) ,_, and_CC dry_JJ chords_NN2 or_CC often_RR cast-in-place_JJ pour_VV0 strips_NN2 at_II the_AT ends_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT critical_JJ normalized_JJ footing_NN1 distances_NN2 0_MC from_II face_NN1 failure_NN1 to_II the_AT Prandtl-type_JJ failure_NN1 mode_NN1 ._. 
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Bilinear_JJ elastic-plastic_NN1 with_IW strain_NN1 hardening_VVG relationship_NN1 was_VBDZ applied_VVN to_II post-tensioned_JJ truss_NN1 elements_NN2 ,_, since_II yielding_VVG was_VBDZ not_XX expected_VVN during_II loading_VVG cycles_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT novelty_NN1 of_IO such_DA a_AT1 method_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST it_PPH1 takes_VVZ into_II account_NN1 contact_NN1 strength_NN1 between_II blocks_NN2 and_CC matrix_NN1 and_CC its_APPGE possible_JJ effects_NN2 on_II the_AT overall_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO bimrocks_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 has_VHZ been_VBN seen_VVN from_II the_AT comparison_NN1 that_CST lasso_NN1 regression_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 better_JJR efficiency_NN1 and_CC reasonable_JJ accuracy_NN1 in_II the_AT classification_NN1 and_CC prediction_NN1 ._. 
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At_II this_DD1 point_NN1 ,_, data_NN is_VBZ not_XX sufficient_JJ to_TO derive_VVI a_AT1 conclusion_NN1 on_II the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO sample_NN1 size_NN1 and_CC test_VV0 method_NN1 on_II the_AT measured_JJ shear_VV0 strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT loess_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT application_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 methodology_NN1 is_VBZ observed_VVN for_IF Southern_JJ California_NP1 and_CC San_NP1 Francisco_NP1 bayregions_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ wireless_NN1 and_CC real-time_JJ 1D_NNU CNN-based_JJ damage_NN1 detection_NN1 algorithm_NN1 is_VBZ explained_VVN in_II Section_NN1 6_MC ._. 
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The_AT two_MC bursts_VVZ debris_NN1 flows_VVZ completely_RR blocked_VVD the_AT Minjiang_NP1 River_NNL1 with_IW a_AT1 total_JJ runout_NN1 volume_NN1 of_IO 0.55_MC ×_II 106_MC m3_FO (_( Fig._NN1 7b_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ well-confined_JJ frame_NN1 (_( Frame_NN1 A_ZZ1 )_) is_VBZ designed_VVN to_TO meet_VVI the_AT requirements_NN2 of_IO Iranian_JJ seismic_JJ design_NN1 code_NN1 No._NN1 2800_MC &lsqb;_( 28_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, ASCE_NP1 7-02_MCMC &lsqb;_( 29_MC &rsqb;_) and_CC ACI_NP1 318-02_MCMC &lsqb;_( 30_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT videos_NN2 are_VBR available_JJ online_JJ in_II the_AT ASCE_NP1 Library_NN1 (_( www.ascelibrary.org_NNU )_) ._. 
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For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, the_AT probability_NN1 distribution_NN1 function_NN1 (_( PDF_NP1 )_) of_IO the_AT annual_JJ flood_NN1 magnitude_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 specific_JJ location_NN1 in_II the_AT current_JJ climate_NN1 can_VM be_VBI broken_VVN down_RP into_II its_APPGE contributions_NN2 from_II the_AT inciting_VVG storms_NN2 including_II tropical_JJ cyclones_NN2 ,_, convective_JJ storms_NN2 ,_, and_CC winter_NNT1 storms_NN2 (_( Merz_NP1 etal._NNU 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II all_DB cases_NN2 ,_, by_II increasing_JJ nanoparticle_NN1 volume_NN1 fraction_NN1 ,_, both_RR viscosity_NN1 and_CC density_NN1 of_IO fluid_NN1 increase_NN1 ._. 
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Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT low_JJ fracture_NN1 toughness_NN1 of_IO the_AT plasma-sprayed_JJ ceramic_JJ coatings_NN2 ,_, the_AT crack_NN1 penetrates_VVZ through_II the_AT ceramic_JJ layers_NN2 into_II the_AT BC_NP1 ,_, and_CC then_RT ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ arrested_VVN at_II the_AT BC/substrate_FU interface_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT rapid_JJ rate_NN1 of_IO climate_NN1 warming_VVG in_II Alaska_NP1 has_VHZ raised_VVN interest_NN1 for_IF decision_NN1 support_NN1 tools_NN2 in_II that_DD1 area_NN1 ._. 
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Since_CS each_DD1 aggregate_NN1 has_VHZ different_JJ size_NN1 ,_, therefore_RR ,_, based_VVN on_II Eq_NN1 ._. 
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(_( 16_MC )_) ,_, each_DD1 aggregate_NN1 would_VM have_VHI different_JJ effective_JJ Young_JJ '_NULL s_ZZ1 modulus_NN1 and_CC effective_JJ Poisson_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 ._. 
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Square_RR partitioned_VVN results_NN2 ,_, Fig._NN1 12(a)_FO ,_, show_VV0 a_AT1 relatively_RR small_JJ difference_NN1 between_II the_AT three_MC microstructures_NN2 ,_, all_DB of_IO which_DDQ show_VV0 relatively_RR high_JJ variability_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT photocurrent_JJ density_NN1 over_II the_AT full_JJ range_NN1 of_IO measured_JJ potential_NN1 (_( 0_MC to_II +1.2V_FO vs_II ._. 
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Ag/AgCl_FU )_) was_VBDZ higher_RRR using_VVG the_AT NaOH_NN1 electrolyte_NN1 than_CSN the_AT Na2SO4_FO electrolyte_NN1 ._. 
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Not_XX unexpectedly_RR ,_, the_AT HVAC_NP1 EUI_NP1 model_NN1 showed_VVD the_AT greatest_JJT range_NN1 of_IO prediction_NN1 deviations_NN2 ._. 
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Probability_NN1 based_VVN techniques_NN2 have_VH0 also_RR been_VBN vastly_RR applied_VVN for_IF earthquake_NN1 forecasting_VVG &lsqb;_( 24_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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After_II curing_VVG ,_, samples_NN2 were_VBDR demolded_VVN and_CC cut_VVN in_II four_MC equal_JJ 25mm_NNU height_NN1 sections_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 diamond_NN1 saw_VVD ._. 
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The_AT cost_NN1 of_IO the_AT make-up_NN1 water_NN1 and_CC cooling_VVG water_NN1 was_VBDZ discovered_VVN to_TO accumulate_VVI 0.9%_FO and_CC 0.5%_FO respectively_RR of_IO the_AT V-OPEX_NN1 ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT gray_JJ blocks_NN2 represents_VVZ the_AT total_JJ percentage_NN1 of_IO the_AT detection_NN1 accuracy_NN1 in_II the_AT column_NN1 and_CC row_VV0 respectively_RR ._. 
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To_TO capture_VVI the_AT nonlinear_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT piles_NN2 ,_, the_AT symmetric_JJ trilinear_JJ material_NN1 model_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN &lsqb;_( 8_MC &rsqb;_) ;_; the_AT yield_NN1 force_NN1 is_VBZ assumed_VVN to_TO be_VBI half_DB of_IO the_AT maximum_JJ force_NN1 ;_; and_CC the_AT yield_NN1 and_CC ultimate_JJ deformation_NN1 are_VBR associated_VVN with_IW 6mm_NNU and_CC 25mm_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Considering_CS geomechanical_JJ simulations_NN2 ,_, improvements_NN2 in_II speedup_NN1 and_CC efficiency_NN1 should_VM ideally_RR be_VBI reported_VVN for_IF a_AT1 range_NN1 of_IO models_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 practical_JJ scale_NN1 and_CC resolution_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, considering_VVG problems_NN2 for_IF which_DDQ the_AT software_NN1 was_VBDZ developed_VVN ,_, not_XX idealized_JJ cases_NN2 which_DDQ produce_VV0 the_AT most_RGT impressive_JJ metrics_NN2 )_) ._. 
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The_AT pretension_NN1 force_NN1 in_II the_AT steel_NN1 strand_NN1 was_VBDZ monitored_VVN before_II and_CC during_II the_AT tests_NN2 by_II the_AT force_NN1 sensor_NN1 located_VVN at_II the_AT beam_NN1 end_NN1 ._. 
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Literature_NN1 review_NN1 illustrated_VVD that_CST the_AT incorporation_NN1 of_IO fibres_NN2 into_II the_AT polymer_NN1 matrix_NN1 enhances_VVZ the_AT mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO the_AT composites_NN2 &lsqb;_( 86_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Results_NN2 indicated_VVD that_CST the_AT adopted_JJ strengthening_NN1 configurations_NN2 prevented_VVD the_AT shear_VV0 failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT joint_JJ ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT evaluation_NN1 of_IO its_APPGE real-time_JJ TES_NP1 performance_NN1 is_VBZ still_RR needed_VVN ._. 
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The_AT secondary_JJ TLV_NP1 mainly_RR recedes_VVZ to_II the_AT blade_NN1 trailing_JJ edge_NN1 ._. 
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Values_NN2 of_IO site_NN1 specific_JJ parameters_NN2 ,_, k_ZZ1 ,_, b_ZZ1 ,_, and_CC γ_NULL (_( Model_NN1 1_MC1 )_) ._. 
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Vehicular_JJ traffic_NN1 imposes_VVZ cycles_NN2 of_IO loading_NN1 and_CC unloading_VVG on_II the_AT structure_NN1 that_CST can_VM lead_VVI to_II fatigue_NN1 failure_NN1 ,_, but_CCB the_AT fatigue_NN1 life_NN1 of_IO FRCM_NP1 materials_NN2 is_VBZ yet_RR to_TO be_VBI investigated_VVN ._. 
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Using_VVG the_AT NABERS_NN2 star_VV0 ratings_NN2 as_II a_AT1 baseline_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 was_VBDZ determined_VVN that_CST the_AT site_NN1 was_VBDZ achieving_VVG an_AT1 average_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 3.5-star_NN1 rating_NN1 (_( equivalent_JJ to_II 207_MC kg_NNU CO2-e_FO per_II m2_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT best_JJT mass_JJ transfer_NN1 correlation_NN1 set_VVN for_IF the_AT AMP-based_JJ process_NN1 among_II three_MC options_NN2 is_VBZ identified_VVN and_CC near-optimal_JJ operating_NN1 conditions_NN2 were_VBDR determined_VVN by_II a_AT1 sensitivity_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT slope_NN1 is_VBZ relatively_RR homogeneous_JJ and_CC has_VHZ no_AT obvious_JJ weak_JJ zones_NN2 ._. 
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FAST_RR has_VHZ been_VBN used_VVN in_II numerous_JJ previous_JJ studies_NN2 (_( &lsqb;_( &lsqb;_( 43_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 44_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 45_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 46_MC &rsqb;_) &rsqb;_) ,_, etc._RA )_) to_TO model_VVI the_AT structural_JJ dynamics_NN of_IO wind_NN1 turbines_NN2 ._. 
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An_AT1 advantage_NN1 of_IO control_NN1 charts_NN2 is_VBZ that_CST they_PPHS2 can_VM be_VBI automated_VVN for_IF on-line_JJ structural_JJ health_NN1 monitoring_NN1 &lsqb;_( 38_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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R_ZZ1 ,_, environmental_JJ input/out_FU per_II dollar_NNU1 of_IO output_NN1 ,_, The_AT abrasion_NN1 resistance_NN1 of_IO RCR_NP1 is_VBZ determined_VVN using_VVG the_AT Cantabro_NN1 loss_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT analysis_NN1 at_II a_AT1 specified_JJ time_NNT1 step_NN1 terminates_VVZ if_CS failure_NN1 is_VBZ attained_VVN ;_; otherwise_RR ,_, the_AT analysis_NN1 continues_VVZ to_II next_MD time_NNT1 step_NN1 ._. 
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As_II21 for_II22 previous_JJ editions_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 would_VM be_VBI impossible_JJ to_TO give_VVI a_AT1 detailed_JJ view_NN1 of_IO the_AT scientific_JJ activity_NN1 in_II each_DD1 research_NN1 topic_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT present_JJ paper_NN1 focuses_VVZ on_II innovative_JJ advances_NN2 and_CC findings_NN2 from_II accomplished_JJ projects_NN2 funded_VVN by_II European_NN1 ,_, industrial_JJ or_CC national_JJ programmes_NN2 ._. 
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Experimental_JJ tests_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN to_TO verify_VVI the_AT damping_NN1 force_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF the_AT SCD_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II food_NN1 processing_NN1 ,_, similar_JJ problems_NN2 are_VBR addressed_VVN by_II ultrasound_NN1 profilometry_NN1 and_CC pressure_NN1 difference_NN1 measurements_NN2 along_II a_AT1 pipe_NN1 &lsqb;_( 82,83_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT other_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT circulation_NN1 times_NNT2 through_II the_AT recycle_VV0 loop_NN1 of_IO chemical_JJ solvent_NN1 on_II the_AT response_NN1 of_IO the_AT absorber_NN1 column_NN1 to_II changes_NN2 in_II reboiler_NN1 duty_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT presence_NN1 of_IO C-O-C_NP1 groups_NN2 is_VBZ also_RR indicative_JJ of_IO nitrogen-carbon_JJ linkage_NN1 between_II the_AT 9_MC nitrogen_NN1 of_IO purine_JJ bases_NN2 and_CC the_AT 1_MC1 carbon_NN1 of_IO the_AT sugar_NN1 group_NN1 in_II DNA_NN1 (_( Berg_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2002_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT two_MC lines_NN2 of_IO isolators_NN2 at_II mid-supports_NN2 are_VBR placed_VVN eccentrically_RR with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 the_AT pier_NN1 axis_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT numerical_JJ results_NN2 indicated_VVD that_CST the_AT dynamic_JJ shear_VV0 force_NN1 of_IO the_AT reinforced_JJ concrete_JJ column_NN1 under_II vehicle_NN1 impact_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX only_RR greater_JJR than_CSN the_AT static_JJ counterpart_NN1 but_CCB also_RR varying_VVG with_IW different_JJ collision_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 more_RGR complete_JJ set_NN1 of_IO data_NN will_VM allow_VVI studying_VVG the_AT mechanism_NN1 of_IO steel_NN1 corrosion_NN1 in_II carbonated_JJ concrete_NN1 made_VVN of_IO different_JJ blended_JJ cements_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT increased_JJ size_NN1 of_IO the_AT sludge_NN1 caused_VVN by_II particle_NN1 aggregation_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ limited_VVD the_AT disintegration_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO WAS_VBDZ ,_, was_VBDZ considered_VVN the_AT main_JJ reason_NN1 for_IF the_AT deterioration_NN1 of_IO methane_NN1 reduction_NN1 (_( Campos_NP2 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2008_MC ,_, Chu_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2005_MC ,_, Dentel_NP1 and_CC Gossett_NP1 ,_, 1982_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Note_VV0 :_: Production_NN1 of_IO RBPC_NP1 in_II China_NP1 has_VHZ been_VBN increasing_VVG in_II recent_JJ years_NNT2 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT proven_JJ technological_JJ advantages_NN2 and_CC economic_JJ benefits_NN2 of_IO using_VVG the_AT RBPC_NP1 new_JJ materials_NN2 solution_NN1 for_IF massive_JJ concrete_NN1 in_II dams_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT SDK_NP1 uses_VVZ the_AT Geospatial_JJ Data_NN Abstraction_NN1 Library_NN1 (_( GDAL_NP1 )_) (_( Warmerdam_NP1 ,_, 2008_MC )_) extensively_RR to_TO provide_VVI support_NN1 for_IF reading_VVG various_JJ geospatial_JJ vector_NN1 data_NN formats_NN2 (_( e.g._REX ,_, shapefiles_NN2 ,_, GeoJSON_NP1 ,_, GML_NP1 ,_, CAD_NN1 ,_, KML_NP1 ,_, etc._RA )_) into_II objects_NN2 defined_VVN by_II OGC_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 SFA_NP1 that_CST can_VM then_RT be_VBI accessed_VVN programmatically_RR by_II model_NN1 components_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Sampling_VVG point_NN1 A2_FO was_VBDZ chosen_VVN to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT water_NN1 quality_NN1 of_IO secondary_JJ effluent_NN1 in_II CAS_NP2 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT initial_JJ interpenetration_NN1 is_VBZ recorded_VVN and_CC is_VBZ used_VVN as_II a_AT1 permanent_JJ offset_NN1 for_IF the_AT contact_NN1 pairs_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA expected_VVN ,_, any_DD increase_NN1 in_II ductility_NN1 capacity_NN1 will_VM be_VBI accompanied_VVN by_II a_AT1 reduction_NN1 in_II inelastic_JJ displacement_NN1 of_IO both_RR fixed-_JJ and_CC flexible-base_NN1 systems_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 stiffness_NN1 is_VBZ assumed_VVN constant_JJ in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO the_AT simplified_JJ models_NN2 and_CC it_PPH1 is_VBZ always_RR greater_JJR or_CC equal_JJ to_II the_AT corresponding_JJ stiffness_NN1 of_IO the_AT advanced_JJ bearing_NN1 model_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ accounts_VVZ for_IF the_AT coupling_NN1 between_II the_AT horizontal_JJ and_CC vertical_JJ response_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT absence_NN1 of_IO such_DA information_NN1 ,_, confidence_NN1 in_II simulation_NN1 results_NN2 are_VBR less_RGR as_CSA compared_VVN to_II studies_NN2 with_IW more_RGR detailed_JJ management_NN1 information_NN1 inputs_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 field-scale_JJ studies_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Investigators_NN2 have_VH0 expended_VVN considerable_JJ efforts_NN2 which_DDQ have_VH0 led_VVN to_II the_AT insurgence_NN1 of_IO massive_JJ literature_NN1 on_II the_AT free_JJ vibration_NN1 behaviour_NN1 of_IO Functionally_RR Graded_JJ Beams_NN2 (_( FGBs_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT compressive_JJ strain_NN1 of_IO UHP-ECC_NP1 at_II peak_NN1 stress_NN1 was_VBDZ also_RR higher_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO OPCC_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ would_VM benefit_VVI the_AT ductility_NN1 of_IO UHP-ECC_NP1 beams_NN2 controlled_VVN by_II the_AT failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT concrete/UHP-ECC_JJ crush_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ noted_VVN that_CST the_AT emphasis_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 paper_NN1 is_VBZ placed_VVN on_II the_AT vision-based_JJ sensor_NN1 systems_NN2 for_IF structural_JJ dynamic_JJ displacement_NN1 measurement_NN1 and_CC SHM_NP1 applications_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT main_JJ roof_NN1 first_MD weighting_NN1 had_VHD a_AT1 single_JJ key_JJ stratum_NN1 structure_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT entire_JJ thickness_NN1 of_IO the_AT overburden_VV0 strata_NN2 moved_VVD together_RL ._. 
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<s>
Kosi_NP1 et_NP1 al12_FO ,_, 13_MC noted_VVD that_CST for_IF older_JJR RC_NP1 frame_NN1 buildings_NN2 ,_, an_AT1 additional_JJ humaninduced_JJ uncertainty_NN1 arises_VVZ due_II21 to_II22 the_AT imperfect_JJ knowledge_NN1 of_IO the_AT actual_JJ structural_JJ composition_NN1 because_CS very_RG little_DA1 structural_JJ detail_NN1 may_VM be_VBI available_JJ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT GP_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 evolution_NN1 is_VBZ supported_VVN through_II boosting_VVG ,_, where_CS multiple_JJ GP_NN1 strings_NN2 are_VBR evolved_VVN per_II class_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ act_VV0 as_RG single_JJ class_NN1 classifier_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Mannitol_VV0 also_RR showed_VVD a_AT1 one-step_JJ mass_JJ loss_NN1 that_CST started_VVD at_II 294_MC °C_NNU and_CC finished_VVN at_II approximately_RR 410_MC °C_NNU ,_, corresponding_VVG to_II the_AT evaporation_NN1 of_IO mannitol_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
When_CS half_DB of_IO PVA_NN1 fibers_NN2 are_VBR replaced_VVN by_II recycled_JJ PET_NN1 fibers_NN2 ,_, SHCC_NP1 shows_VVZ a_AT1 decrease_NN1 of_IO around_RG 20%_NNU in_II embodied_VVD energy_NN1 and_CC a_AT1 reduction_NN1 of_IO about_RG 40%_NNU in_II material_NN1 cost_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF BWIM_NN1 systems_NN2 ,_, the_AT acquisition_NN1 of_IO vehicle_NN1 speed_NN1 and_CC axle_NN1 spacing_NN1 (_( AS_II )_) is_VBZ a_AT1 prerequisite_NN1 for_IF accurate_JJ identification_NN1 of_IO the_AT AWs_NP2 and_CC GVW_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 100-year_JJ flood_NN1 hazard_NN1 map_NN1 was_VBDZ developed_VVN for_IF Guwahati_JJ city_NN1 of_IO India_NP1 ,_, and_CC the_AT hazard_NN1 ranks_NN2 were_VBDR developed_VVN by_II the_AT interactive_JJ effect_NN1 of_IO hazard-causing_JJ parameters_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 flood_NN1 depth_NN1 ,_, inundated_VVD area_NN1 ,_, land_NN1 use_NN1 ,_, affected_JJ population_NN1 ,_, and_CC roads_NN2 corresponding_VVG to_II the_AT land_NN1 use_NN1 of_IO 2006_MC and_CC 2011_MC ._. 
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<s>
The_AT N2-rich_JJ stream_NN1 from_II the_AT oxidation_NN1 reactor_NN1 is_VBZ expanded_VVN in_II a_AT1 turbine_NN1 to_TO extract_VVI work_NN1 and_CC then_RT is_VBZ cooled_VVN down_RP by_II producing_VVG saturated_JJ HP_NN1 steam_NN1 at_II 174.4bar_FO and_CC pre-heating_NN1 the_AT H2-rich_JJ fuel_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Two_MC clamping_JJ heads_NN2 were_VBDR designed_VVN and_CC manufactured_VVN with_IW a_AT1 threejaw_NN1 chuck_NN1 tightened_VVN by_II clamp_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 rotating_NN1 of_IO the_AT lock_NN1 nut_NN1 to_TO grip_VVI the_AT SMA_NN1 wire_NN1 (_( Figure1b_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 main_JJ drying_NN1 effect_NN1 shown_VVN in_II ESEM_NP1 images_NN2 by_II &lsqb;_( 36_MC &rsqb;_) is_VBZ that_DD1 gradual_JJ drying_NN1 produces_VVZ a_AT1 mixed_JJ bumpy_JJ and_CC amorphous_JJ surface_NN1 ,_, and_CC no_AT fibers_NN2 or_CC needles_NN2 can_VM been_VBN seen_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT Universal_JJ Soil_NN1 Loss_NN1 Equation_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 good_JJ example_NN1 of_IO modelling_VVG a_AT1 single_JJ function_NN1 ,_, capturing_VVG multiple_JJ simplified_JJ processes_NN2 coded_VVN into_II the_AT model_NN1 terms_NN2 ;_; soil_NN1 erosion_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX a_AT1 ES_NP1 on_II its_APPGE own_DA ,_, and_CC understanding_NN1 is_VBZ needed_VVN as_II21 to_II22 how_RRQ soil_NN1 erosion_NN1 links_VVZ to_TO crop_VVI production_NN1 ,_, water_NN1 flow_NN1 and_CC water_NN1 purification_NN1 services_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT assemblies_NN2 containing_VVG STS_NP2 loaded_VVD in_RP shear_VV0 and_CC STS_NNU2 loaded_JJ in_II withdrawal_NN1 reached_VVD similar_JJ stiffness_NN1 values_NN2 like_II the_AT assemblies_NN2 with_IW STS_NNU2 in_II withdrawal_NN1 (_( k>9kN/mm_FU ;_; >8kN/mm_FU ;_; and>6kN/mm_FU for_IF small_JJ ,_, medium_NN1 and_CC large_JJ test_NN1 assemblies_NN2 ,_, respectively_RR )_) ._. 
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Hazus-MH_JJ analyses_NN2 are_VBR scalable_JJ ,_, depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT data_NN available_JJ ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II noting_VVG that_CST the_AT phase_NN1 transformation_NN1 stress_NN1 and_CC the_AT corresponding_JJ strain_NN1 of_IO SMAs_NP2 are_VBR deemed_VVN to_TO be_VBI constant_JJ in_II Equations3_FO and_CC 4_MC ,_, indicating_VVG the_AT temperature_NN1 effect_NN1 on_II the_AT mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO SMAs_NP2 is_VBZ not_XX well_RR considered_VVN by_II the_AT adopted_JJ design_NN1 approach_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF vibration_NN1 acceleration_NN1 sensor_NN1 1#_FO ,_, the_AT VAe_NN2 of_IO waterjet_NN1 impact_NN1 is_VBZ 7.11_MC times_NNT2 larger_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO drilling_VVG under_II the_AT pressure_NN1 of_IO 5MPa_FO ._. 
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<s>
Sh_UH number_NN1 was_VBDZ developed_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT NFs_NP2 Reynolds_NP1 (_( Re_NP1 )_) number_NN1 ,_, NPs_NP1 Reynolds_NP1 (_( Renp_NP1 )_) number_NN1 ,_, Schmidt_NP1 (_( Sc_FO )_) number_NN1 ,_, and_CC NPs_NP1 volume_NN1 fraction_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 average_JJ relative_JJ error_NN1 percent_NNU (_( REP_NN1 )_) of_IO 1.6%_FO and_CC R2_FO of_IO 0.99_MC ._. 
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<s>
The_AT only_JJ method_NN1 that_CST hasn_VV0 '_NULL t_ZZ1 been_VBN regulated_VVN yet_RR by_II technical_JJ standards_NN2 is_VBZ IRT_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT related_JJ solar_JJ thermal_JJ technologies_NN2 also_RR develop_VV0 rapidly_RR ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 soil_NN1 stratigraphy_NN1 matches_VVZ the_AT visual_JJ inspection_NN1 of_IO tube_NN1 specimens_NN2 and_CC the_AT results_NN2 from_II site_NN1 investigation_NN1 &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Biofilms_NN2 with_IW homogenous_JJ morphologies_NN2 had_VHD very_RG high_JJ hydraulic_JJ resistances_NN2 ._. 
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Local_JJ imperfections_NN2 can_VM be_VBI further_RRR classified_VVN as_CSA crown_NN1 ,_, flare_NN1 ,_, and_CC overbend_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Note_VV0 that_CST all_DB the_AT above_JJ numerical_JJ data_NN are_VBR purposely_RR chosen_VVN to_TO be_VBI perfectly_RR consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT parameters_NN2 adopted_VVN in_II Section_NN1 4_MC for_IF drawing_VVG the_AT design_NN1 graphs_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT sensors_NN2 installed_VVN on_II the_AT columns_NN2 measure_VV0 only_RR the_AT horizontal_JJ vibration_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT sensors_NN2 installed_VVN on_II the_AT beams_NN2 measure_VV0 only_RR the_AT vertical_JJ vibration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Groves_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 22_MC &rsqb;_) also_RR identified_VVN a_AT1 fine_JJ mix_NN1 of_IO calcium_NN1 carbonate_NN1 and_CC decalcified_VVD C-S-H_NP1 in_II carbonated_JJ sample_NN1 using_VVG Transmission_NN1 Electron_NN1 Microscopy_NN1 (_( TEM_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Conventional_JJ ARM_NN1 algorithms_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 Apriori_NP1 and_CC FP-growth_NN1 ,_, are_VBR used_VVN to_TO discover_VVI frequent_JJ patterns_NN2 from_II categorical_JJ and_CC cross-sectional_JJ data_NN &lsqb;_( 14_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II conclusion_NN1 ,_, the_AT derived_JJ modified_JJ Hoek-Brown_JJ criterion_NN1 incorporates_VVZ the_AT hydrostatic_JJ stress_NN1 effect_NN1 and_CC intermediate_JJ principal_JJ stress_NN1 effect_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT bedrock_NN1 confined_VVN fissure_NN1 water_NN1 reserved_VVN in_II the_AT fault_NN1 is_VBZ plentiful_JJ and_CC possesses_VVZ a_AT1 relatively_RR high_JJ water_NN1 pressure_NN1 with_IW 1.9–0.7-meter_JJ water_NN1 head_NN1 in_II certain_JJ drills_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT world_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN witness_NN1 to_II increasingly_RR growing_JJ demands_NN2 for_IF energy_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 higher_JJR levels_NN2 of_IO economic_JJ production_NN1 but_CCB also_RR high_JJ population_NN1 growth_NN1 &lsqb;_( 1_MC1 &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 two_MC models_NN2 were_VBDR specifically_RR chosen_VVN to_TO illustrate_VVI :_: 1_MC1 )_) how_RRQ the_AT HydroCouple_NN1 interface_NN1 definitions_NN2 and_CC SDK_NP1 can_VM be_VBI used_VVN to_TO convert_VVI legacy_NN1 models_NN2 into_II components_NN2 ;_; 2_MC )_) how_RRQ to_TO develop_VVI new_JJ components_NN2 from_II scratch_NN1 ;_; 3_MC )_) how_RRQ to_TO handle_VVI the_AT potential_JJ coupling_NN1 configurations_NN2 across_II models_NN2 having_VHG differing_JJ dimensionality_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, 1D_NNU versus_II 2D_NNU )_) ;_; and_CC 4_MC )_) how_RRQ coupled_JJ model_NN1 components_NN2 can_VM be_VBI executed_VVN in_II parallel_NN1 on_II HPC_NP1 environments_NN2 for_IF more_RGR efficient_JJ simulations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 10_MC shows_VVZ the_AT velocity_NN1 vector_NN1 through_II the_AT tip_NN1 clearance_NN1 from_II the_AT blade_NN1 PS_NN1 to_II SS_NP1 and_CC the_AT distribution_NN1 of_IO IPF_NP1 at_II the_AT six_MC axial_JJ sections_NN2 (_( Fig._NN1 6_MC )_) under_II design_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF CC_NP1 ETL_NP1 ,_, 0.5_MC wt%_FO CC_NNU in_II DI_NN1 water_NN1 was_VBDZ spincoated_VVN over_II the_AT ZnO_NN1 layer_NN1 at_II 3000_MC rpm_NNU for_IF 30_MC s_ZZ1 and_CC dried_VVN at_II 100_MC °C_NNU ._. 
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These_DD2 profiles_NN2 were_VBDR applied_VVN by_II a_AT1 waveform_NN1 generator_NN1 ,_, via_II an_AT1 amplifier_NN1 ,_, to_II a_AT1 vibration_NN1 unit_NN1 onto_II which_DDQ the_AT EHD_NN1 was_VBDZ attached_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT aerodynamic_JJ coefficients_NN2 were_VBDR used_VVN to_TO predict_VVI the_AT structural_JJ damping_NN1 required_VVN to_TO prevent_VVI galloping_VVG using_VVG different_JJ models_NN2 from_II the_AT literature_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 indicate_VV0 that_CST highly_RR statically_RR pre-stressed_JJ rock_NN1 specimens_NN2 can_VM fail_VVI under_II minor_JJ dynamic_JJ loading_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT corresponding_JJ transducer_NN1 voltage_NN1 signals_VVZ VT_NP1 for_IF dynamic_JJ ,_, static_JJ ,_, and_CC monofrequent_JJ control_NN1 are_VBR obtained_VVN by_II Equations14–16_NP1 ,_, see_VV0 Figure4c_FO ._. 
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<s>
The_AT objective_NN1 of_IO the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 was_VBDZ to_TO propose_VVI a_AT1 structural_JJ capacity_NN1 model_NN1 and_CC highlight_VVI the_AT concept_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 interface_NN1 design_NN1 in_II the_AT three-step_JJ framework_NN1 to_TO evaluate_VVI practically_RR the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO coastal_JJ bridge_NN1 structures_VVZ susceptible_JJ to_II hurricane-induced_JJ surge_NN1 and_CC wave_NN1 forces_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Vectors_NN2 are_VBR drawn_VVN for_IF two_MC samples_NN2 =0.34_FO and_CC 0_MC ,_, respectively_RR ,_, both_DB2 of_IO which_DDQ are_VBR sheared_VVN under_II v=200kPa_FO to_II δ=6mm_FO ._. 
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Perform_VV0 modal_JJ analysis_NN1 to_TO obtain_VVI the_AT modal_JJ information_NN1 of_IO the_AT damped_JJ structure_NN1 in_II the_AT current_JJ step_NN1 ._. 
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After_CS the_AT temperatures_NN2 of_IO the_AT samples_NN2 achieved_VVN 75°C_NNU ,_, the_AT light_NN1 was_VBDZ turn_NN1 off_RP and_CC the_AT samples_NN2 were_VBDR immediately_RR cooled_VVN at_II room_NN1 temperature_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 9_MC shows_VVZ the_AT outdoor_JJ temperature_NN1 and_CC relative_JJ humidity_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 24-h_MC period_NN1 in_II September_NPM1 in_II Los_NP1 Angeles_NP1 ._. 
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HABs_NP2 destroy_VV0 the_AT balance_NN1 of_IO ecosystems_NN2 ,_, threaten_VV0 human_JJ health_NN1 and_CC cause_VV0 agricultural_JJ and_CC recreation-based_JJ economic_JJ loss_NN1 (_( Paerl_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2011_MC ,_, Watzin_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2006_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT in-plane_NN1 bending_VVG stiffness_NN1 per_II unit_NN1 width_NN1 ,_, i_ZZ1 ,_, is_VBZ estimated_VVN via_II inverse_JJ modelling_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT random_JJ impulses_NN2 are_VBR obviously_RR enhanced_VVN in_II both_DB2 methods_NN2 ,_, indicating_VVG susceptibility_NN1 to_II large_JJ random_JJ impulses_NN2 (_( Fig._NN1 6(a)_FO ,_, (_( c_ZZ1 )_) )_) ._. 
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The_AT modeled_JJ k_ZZ1 value_NN1 for_IF the_AT reaction_NN1 between_II OH_UH and_CC NAP_NN1 was_VBDZ 2.53×109M1s1_FO ._. 
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<s>
Similar_JJ analyses_NN2 are_VBR performed_VVN in_II which_DDQ both_RR axially_RR rigid_JJ and_CC nonaxially_RR rigid_JJ columns_NN2 are_VBR considered_VVN ,_, and_CC the_AT errors_NN2 of_IO maximum_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT wall_NN1 between_II the_AT continuous_JJ model_NN1 and_CC numerical_JJ results_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Figure_NN1 7B_FO ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST larger_JJR errors_NN2 exist_VV0 in_II shorter_JJR structures_NN2 when_CS applying_VVG the_AT continuous_JJ model_NN1 because_CS the_AT continuous_JJ assumption_NN1 can_VM not_XX be_VBI properly_RR satisfied_JJ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT modules_NN2 demonstrate_VV0 power_NN1 conversion_NN1 efficiencies_NN2 above_II 10%_NNU ,_, with_IW a_AT1 power_NN1 output_NN1 of_IO 1.7_MC W._NNU Firstly_RR ,_, due_II21 to_II22 more_RGR hydrophilic_JJ nature_NN1 of_IO CC_NP1 ETL_NP1 film_NN1 (_( as_CSA observed_VVN from_II Fig._NN1 3(C)_FO and_CC (_( D_ZZ1 )_) )_) ,_, the_AT trapped_JJ moisture-assisted_JJ perovskite_NN1 decomposition_NN1 rate_NN1 is_VBZ expected_VVN to_TO be_VBI higher_JJR &lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 72_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 73_MC &rsqb;_) in_II CC_NP1 devices_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ also_RR explicates_VVZ lower_JJR normalized_JJ JSC&lsqb;13&rsqb;_FO ,_, &lsqb;_( 72_MC &rsqb;_) retained_VVD in_RP aged_II CC_NP1 devices_NN2 compared_VVN to_II aged_JJ CA_NP1 devices_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
One_MC1 method_NN1 used_VMK to_TO simulate_VVI the_AT inherent_JJ temperature-dependent_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO bolted_JJ simple_JJ connections_NN2 is_VBZ a_AT1 series_NN of_IO nonlinear_JJ springs_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT commercially_RR available_JJ BDD_NP1 electrodes_VVZ always_RR consist_VV0 of_IO boron-doped_JJ diamond_NN1 thin_JJ film_NN1 covered_VVN at_II p-silicon_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ an_AT1 unrealistic_JJ assumption_NN1 for_IF postpeak_NN1 ductility_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Any_DD opinions_NN2 ,_, findings_NN2 ,_, and_CC conclusions_NN2 or_CC recommendations_NN2 expressed_VVN in_II this_DD1 material_NN1 are_VBR those_DD2 of_IO the_AT authors_NN2 and_CC do_VD0 not_XX necessarily_RR reflect_VVI the_AT views_NN2 of_IO the_AT National_JJ Science_NN1 Foundation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Recently_RR ,_, the_AT use_NN1 of_IO advanced_JJ techniques_NN2 for_IF OSP_NP1 has_VHZ attracted_VVN much_DA1 attention.8-As_CSA is_VBZ well_RR known_VVN ,_, in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO obtain_VVI the_AT best_JJT dynamic_JJ information_NN1 ,_, sensors_NN2 must_VM be_VBI placed_VVN at_II the_AT very_JJ key_JJ positions_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
If_CS we_PPIS2 apply_VV0 this_DD1 standard_JJ approach_NN1 to_TO derive_VVI life-cycle_NN1 assessments_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 indirectly_RR assume_VV0 that_CST every_AT1 time_NNT1 an_AT1 event_NN1 occurs_VVZ the_AT system_NN1 initiates_VVZ from_II the_AT same_DA state_NN1 ,_, usually_RR the_AT intact_JJ one_PN1 ._. 
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The_AT high-speed_JJ photography_NN1 images_NN2 in_II Fig._NN1 10b_FO demonstrate_VV0 that_CST the_AT dynamic_JJ fracturing_NN1 process_NN1 and_CC failure_NN1 pattern_NN1 of_IO the_AT resin-based_NN1 3DP_FO rock_NN1 are_VBR to_II some_DD extent_NN1 similar_JJ to_II those_DD2 of_IO the_AT prototype_NN1 volcanic_JJ rock_NN1 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, new_JJ cracks_NN2 firstly_RR generated_VVN at_II the_AT dispersed_JJ pre-existing_JJ micro-defects_NN2 ,_, then_RT interacted_VVN and_CC coalesced_VVN as_II the_AT load_NN1 increased_VVD ._. 
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The_AT semi-spherical_JJ surface_NN1 maybe_RR the_AT interface_NN1 of_IO the_AT geopolymer_NN1 binder_NN1 and_CC the_AT fly_NN1 ash_NN1 ball_NN1 ,_, where_CS many_DA2 needle_NN1 or_CC stripe-shaped_JJ particles_NN2 are_VBR formed_VVN (_( Fig._NN1 9(e)_FO )_) ._. 
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However_RR ,_, in_II some_DD cases_NN2 ,_, this_DD1 may_VM have_VHI led_VVN to_II the_AT theories_NN2 themselves_PPX2 being_VBG overlooked_VVN and_CC not_XX investigated_VVN further_RRR ._. 
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The_AT irreversible_JJ interlayer_NN1 pores_NN2 are_VBR ascribed_VVN to_II the_AT solid_NN1 contacting_VVG of_IO neighboring_VVG basal_JJ C-S-H_NP1 sheets_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ too_RG strong_JJ to_TO be_VBI disjoined_VVN by_II water_NN1 penetration_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT first_MD term_NN1 in_II Eq_NN1 ._. 
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(_( 58_MC )_) shows_VVZ the_AT stiffness_NN1 of_IO intact_JJ plate_NN1 ,_, the_AT second_MD term_NN1 shows_VVZ the_AT reduction_NN1 in_II stiffness_NN1 due_JJ to_TO crack_VVI ._. 
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For_IF MSG_NP1 ,_, it_PPH1 took_VVD one_MC1 hour_NNT1 and_CC 58_MC min_NNU with_IW one_MC1 CPU_NN1 for_IF the_AT entire_JJ analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Corrosion_NN1 of_IO steel_NN1 bars_NN2 reduced_VVD the_AT fatigue_NN1 life_NN1 of_IO the_AT unstrengthened_JJ beam_NN1 FCU_NN1 to_II 396,000_MC cycles_NN2 ,_, that_DD1 was_VBDZ only_RR 20%_NNU of_IO the_AT fatigue_NN1 life_NN1 of_IO beam_NN1 FUU_NN1 ._. 
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Hydrogen_NN1 is_VBZ directly_RR generated_VVN in_II the_AT acidogenesis_NN1 and_CC acetogenesis_NN1 processes_NN2 but_CCB readily_RR consumed_VVN to_TO produce_VVI acetate_NN1 ,_, hydrogen_NN1 sulfide_NN1 ,_, and_CC methane_NN1 in_II the_AT homoacetogenesis_NN1 ,_, sulfate-reducing_NN1 ,_, and_CC hydrogenotrophic_JJ methonogenesis_NN1 processes_NN2 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ evident_JJ that_CST the_AT distribution_NN1 of_IO CO2_FO concentration_NN1 agrees_VVZ well_RR for_IF two_MC methods_NN2 ._. 
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A_ZZ1 tuned_VVD liquid_JJ column_NN1 damper_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN with_IW a_AT1 controllable_JJ valve_NN1 as_II an_AT1 external_JJ damping_NN1 device_NN1 to_TO mitigate_VVI with_IW wind_NN1 turbine_NN1 vibrations_NN2 due_JJ to_TO wind_VVI and_CC earthquake_NN1 loads_NN2 ._. 
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Unlike_II the_AT trend_NN1 observed_VVN in_II PCA_NP1 responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT second_MD mode_NN1 ,_, PCA_NP1 responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT first_MD mode_NN1 and_CC PFA_NP1 responses_NN2 increase_VV0 at_II a_AT1 relatively_RR slow_JJ rate_NN1 while_CS approaching_VVG a_AT1 nearsaturation_NN1 condition_NN1 ._. 
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With_IW the_AT two_MC assumptions_NN2 made_VVD ,_, only_RR two_MC unknown_JJ parameters_NN2 describing_VVG the_AT cohesive-adhesive_JJ fracture_NN1 properties_NN2 of_IO N-A-S-H_NP1 gel_NN1 remain_VV0 ._. 
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The_AT demand_NN1 for_IF effective_JJ ,_, rapid_JJ identification_NN1 the_AT location_NN1 of_IO faults_NN2 in_II rolling_JJ element_NN1 bearings_NN2 has_VHZ increased_VVN ,_, promoting_VVG the_AT development_NN1 of_IO fault_NN1 diagnoses_NN2 based_VVN on_II vibrational_JJ and_CC acoustic_JJ emission_NN1 signals_NN2 and_CC signal_NN1 processing_NN1 techniques_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT higher_JJR the_AT stress_NN1 ,_, the_AT deeper_JJR the_AT section_NN1 is_VBZ required_VVN ,_, indicating_VVG the_AT rail_NN1 seat_NN1 region_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT most_RGT critical_JJ section_NN1 while_CS other_JJ parts_NN2 of_IO sleeper_NN1 do_VD0 not_XX require_VVI the_AT same_DA strength_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT understanding-based_JJ methods_NN2 combine_VV0 syntactic_JJ analysis_NN1 and_CC semantic_JJ analysis_NN1 using_VVG artificial_JJ intelligence_NN1 approaches_VVZ to_TO deal_VVI with_IW any_DD ambiguity_NN1 (_( Xu_NP1 and_CC Sun_NN1 2016_MC )_) ;_; therefore_RR ,_, the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 understanding-based_JJ methods_NN2 relies_VVZ on_II large_JJ linguistic_JJ knowledge_NN1 ._. 
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Distributions_NN2 of_IO input_NN1 variables_NN2 of_IO joint_JJ database_NN1 (_( 536_MC test_NN1 specimens_NN2 )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, injuries_NN2 and_CC fatalities_NN2 are_VBR the_AT dependent_JJ variables_NN2 and_CC the_AT tornado_NN1 path_NN1 width_NN1 ,_, tornado_NN1 path_NN1 length_NN1 ,_, tornado_NN1 intensity_NN1 ,_, and_CC population_NN1 and_CC housing_VVG unit_NN1 counts_NN2 located_VVN in_II the_AT tornado_NN1 path_NN1 are_VBR the_AT explanatory_JJ variables_NN2 for_IF the_AT basic_JJ model_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS rolling_JJ failure_NN1 is_VBZ fully_RR developed_VVN ,_, the_AT section_NN1 no_RR21 longer_RR22 behaves_VVZ as_CSA one_MC1 rigid_JJ component_NN1 ,_, but_CCB rather_RR as_II a_AT1 set_NN1 of_IO (_( undamaged_JJ )_) longitudinal_JJ laminates_NN2 weakly_RR connected_VVN by_II transverse_JJ laminates_NN2 which_DDQ have_VH0 become_VVN heavily_RR damaged_VVN by_II rolling_VVG shear_VV0 ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT most_RGT comfortable_JJ thermal_JJ condition_NN1 ,_, with_IW thermal_JJ sensation_NN1 closest_RRT to_II neutral_JJ ,_, is_VBZ achieved_VVN at_II a_AT1 room_NN1 temperature_NN1 of_IO 26°C_NNU with_IW operating_VVG fans_NN2 ._. 
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One_MC1 issue_NN1 that_CST should_VM be_VBI avoided_VVN is_VBZ the_AT subjective_JJ selection_NN1 of_IO indicators_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT δi_FO distributions_NN2 obtained_VVN by_II IDA_NP1 when_RRQ S1o_FO reached_VVD its_APPGE member_NN1 yielding_JJ limit_NN1 and_CC S1s_FO reached_VVD its_APPGE safety_NN1 limit_NN1 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Figure_NN1 15_MC and_CC compared_VVN with_IW the_AT δi_FO distributions_NN2 obtained_VVN from_II the_AT pushover_NN1 analysis_NN1 at_II the_AT member_NN1 yielding_JJ limit_NN1 and_CC safety_NN1 limit_NN1 step_NN1 of_IO S0_FO ._. 
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The_AT organizers_NN2 of_IO the_AT Colloquium_NN1 would_VM like_VVI to_TO express_VVI their_APPGE sincere_JJ thanks_NN2 to_II the_AT editors_NN2 of_IO the_AT International_JJ Journal_NN1 of_IO Solids_NN2 and_CC Structures_NN2 for_IF this_DD1 special_JJ issue_NN1 ,_, and_CC really_RR hope_VV0 that_CST its_APPGE content_NN1 will_VM inspire_VVI their_APPGE colleagues_NN2 to_TO take_VVI an_AT1 interest_NN1 in_II the_AT field_NN1 of_IO the_AT mechanics_NN2 of_IO fibrous_JJ materials_NN2 still_RR facing_VVG many_DA2 fascinating_JJ scientific_JJ challenges_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Unfortunately_RR ,_, however_RR ,_, the_AT understanding_NN1 of_IO various_JJ factors_NN2 and_CC phenomena_NN2 influencing_VVG infrastructure_NN1 resilience_NN1 in_II developing_JJ countries_NN2 is_VBZ rather_RG limited_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Numerical_JJ simulation_NN1 is_VBZ another_DD1 crucial_JJ method_NN1 to_TO reveal_VVI the_AT potential_JJ laws_NN2 of_IO hydraulic_JJ slotting_NN1 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, the_AT optimal_JJ weighting_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 term_NN1 within_II each_DD1 Volterra_NN1 kernel_NN1 is_VBZ obtained_VVN using_VVG Levenberg-Marquardt_NP1 approach_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT study_NN1 area_NN1 is_VBZ primarily_RR covered_VVN by_II the_AT Murree_NN1 Formation_NN1 which_DDQ is_VBZ comprised_VVN of_IO interbedded_JJ siltstones_NN2 ,_, sandstones_NN2 ,_, claystones_NN2 ,_, and_CC shales_NN2 ._. 
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Previous_JJ studies_NN2 have_VH0 shown_VVN that_DD1 timing_NN1 affects_VVZ tornado_NN1 casualties_NN2 (_( Simmons_NP1 and_CC Sutter_VV0 2008_MC ,_, 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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Note_VV0 that_DD1 Eq_NN1 ._. 
</s>
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(_( 30_MC )_) is_VBZ also_RR applicable_JJ to_II the_AT comparison_NN1 model_NN1 by_II De_NP1 Domenico_NP1 and_CC Askes_NP2 (_( 2016_MC )_) ,_, since_CS its_APPGE governing_JJ equation_NN1 of_IO motion_NN1 has_VHZ an_AT1 identical_JJ form_NN1 as_CSA Eq_NN1 ._. 
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(_( 25_MC )_) ._. 
</s>
<s>
In_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, there_EX is_VBZ a_AT1 re-use_NN1 market_NN1 for_IF aggregates_NN2 derived_VVN from_II C_NP1 &D;_NULL waste_NN1 in_II roads_NN2 ,_, drainage_NN1 and_CC other_JJ construction_NN1 projects_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT machine_NN1 learning_NN1 methods_NN2 ,_, namely_REX ,_, vehicle_NN1 detection_NN1 algorithm_NN1 and_CC histograms_NN2 of_IO oriented_JJ gradients_NN2 ,_, were_VBDR used_VVN for_IF vehicle_NN1 localization_NN1 ,_, and_CC an_AT1 imageprocessingbased_JJ iterative_JJ algorithm_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO process_VVI the_AT measurement_NN1 data_NN ._. 
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Scheduling_NN1 of_IO the_AT T/ESA_NP1 cycle_NN1 applied_VVN to_II the_AT NGCC_NP1 power_NN1 plant_NN1 ._. 
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Von_NP1 Mises_NP1 stress_NN1 contours_NN2 and_CC strain_VV0 contours_NN2 for_IF FEM_NN1 simulations_NN2 of_IO cement_NN1 concrete_NN1 (_( a_ZZ1 )_) without_RL or_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) with_IW CNFs_NP1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, as_CSA exemplified_VVN in_II the_AT Annex_NN1 57_MC case_NN1 study_NN1 collection_NN1 ,_, the_AT stated_JJ purposes_NN2 of_IO the_AT building_NN1 EEG_NN1 assessments_NN2 vary_VV0 broadly_RR and_CC cause_VV0 a_AT1 wide_JJ range_NN1 of_IO diversity_NN1 in_II the_AT reported_JJ studies_NN2 and_CC results_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT continuous_JJ strength_NN1 method_NN1 (_( CSM_NP1 )_) has_VHZ been_VBN extended_VVN herein_RR to_TO cover_VVI the_AT design_NN1 of_IO hot-rolled_JJ steel_NN1 cross-sections_NN2 ,_, including_II I-sections_NN2 and_CC SHS/RHS_FU ._. 
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In_II thus_RR ,_, at_II peak_NN1 load_VV0 higher_JJR smoke_NN1 emission_NN1 was_VBDZ acquired_VVN for_IF mineral_NN1 Diesel_NN1 followed_VVN by_II B10_FO (_( 72.8_MC HSU_NP1 )_) ,_, B20_FO (_( 71.85_MC HSU_NP1 )_) ,_, B30_FO (_( 69.15_MC HSU_NP1 )_) ,_, B40_FO (_( 62.85_MC HSU_NP1 )_) and_CC the_AT lowest_JJT smoke_NN1 is_VBZ observed_VVN in_II31 case_II32 of_II33 B100_FO (_( 60.7_MC HSU_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
With_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 evolution_NN1 of_IO the_AT proportion_NN1 of_IO weak_JJ contacts_NN2 w_ZZ1 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 14_MC ,_, all_DB curves_NN2 have_VH0 a_AT1 softening_JJ trend_NN1 similar_JJ to_II their_APPGE corresponding_JJ stress-strain_JJ curves_NN2 in_II Figs_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, no_AT such_DA practice_NN1 exists_VVZ in_II probabilistic_JJ seismic_JJ demand_NN1 assessment_NN1 (_( PSDA_NP1 )_) ,_, even_CS21 though_CS22 it_PPH1 has_VHZ been_VBN recognized_VVN that_CST great_JJ uncertainty_NN1 can_VM originate_VVI from_II the_AT response_NN1 estimated_VVN from_II the_AT use_NN1 of_IO different_JJ structural_JJ models_NN2 ._. 
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Scheme_NN1 1A_FO :_: treating_VVG zinc_NN1 plate_NN1 by_II hydrochloric_JJ acid_NN1 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1B_FO :_: rinsing_VVG the_AT zinc_NN1 plate_NN1 with_IW distilles_NN2 water_NN1 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1C_FO :_: immersing_VVG the_AT zinc_NN1 plate_NN1 in_II Ag+_FO (_( or_CC Cu2+_FO )_) solution_NN1 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1D_NNU :_: rinsing_VVG the_AT product_NN1 with_IW ethanol_NN1 and_CC distilled_JJ water_NN1 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1E_FO :_: stirring_VVG the_AT colloidal_JJ Ag_FO or_CC Cu_FO dendrite_NN1 solution_NN1 with_IW PVP_NP1 ethanol_NN1 for_IF 18-22h_FO at_II room_NN1 temperature_NN1 to_TO prepare_VVI PVP-capped_NN1 Ag_FO (_( or_CC Cu_FO )_) dendrites_NN2 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1F_RA :_: dispersing_VVG Ag_FO dendrites_NN2 HAuCl4_FO ethanol_NN1 solution_NN1 to_TO prepare_VVI Au-decorated_NN1 Ag_FO dendrites_NN2 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1G_NNU :_: stirring_VVG the_AT Ag_FO dendrite_NN1 in_II HAuCl4_FO ethanol_NN1 solution_NN1 for_IF 20h_FO at_II room_NN1 temperature_NN1 ,_, Scheme_NN1 1H_FO :_: stirring_VVG the_AT colloidal_JJ Au/Ag_FO dendrites_NN2 with_IW PVP_NP1 ethanol_NN1 for_IF 18-22hat_JJ room_NN1 temperature_NN1 to_TO prepare_VVI PVP-capped_JJ Au-decorated_NN1 Ag_FO dendrites_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT experimental_JJ and_CC numerical_JJ studies_NN2 undertaken_VVN and_CC described_VVN herein_RR were_VBDR intended_VVN to_II (_( 1_MC1 )_) experimentally_RR evaluate_VV0 the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 strongback_NN1 braced_VVD frame_NN1 under_II cyclic_JJ loading_NN1 conditions_NN2 ,_, (_( 2_MC )_) establish_VV0 whether_CSW weak-story_JJ behavior_NN1 could_VM be_VBI mitigated_VVN through_II the_AT use_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 SB_NP1 system_NN1 ,_, and_CC (_( 3_MC )_) develop_VV0 and_CC calibrate_JJ numerical_JJ models_NN2 capable_JJ of_IO simulating_VVG the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT tested_JJ and_CC other_JJ SB_NP1 bracing_JJ configurations_NN2 ._. 
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Further_JJR work_NN1 in_II Kosi_NP1 et_NP1 al12_FO segregated_VVN the_AT relative_JJ contributions_NN2 for_IF both_DB2 sources_NN2 of_IO uncertainty_NN1 in_II the_AT collapse_NN1 capacity_NN1 of_IO older_JJR RC_NP1 frames_NN2 and_CC noted_VVD a_AT1 mean_JJ value_NN1 of_IO 0.33_MC for_IF β_NULL UC_NP1 ,_, IM_NP1 and_CC 0.37_MC for_IF β_NULL RC_NP1 ,_, IM_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ agree_VV0 very_RG well_RR with_IW the_AT results_NN2 presented_VVN here_RL in_II Table_NN1 5_MC for_IF the_AT structural_JJ typologies_NN2 without_IW masonry_NN1 infill_NN1 ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, other_JJ generations_NN2 of_IO solar_JJ cells_NN2 have_VH0 emerged_VVN with_IW the_AT focus_NN1 on_II thin_JJ film_NN1 innovation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT quick_JJ transformation_NN1 or_CC decomposition_NN1 of_IO PDS/PMS_NP2 may_VM be_VBI present_JJ in_II electrochemical_JJ activation_NN1 of_IO persulfates_NN2 process_VV0 ._. 
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Under_II low_JJ confining_JJ pressures_NN2 ,_, the_AT stress-strain_JJ curve_NN1 drops_VVZ rapidly_RR after_II reaching_VVG the_AT peak_NN1 strength_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ indicates_VVZ that_CST Jinping_NP1 marble_NN1 illustrates_VVZ remarkable_JJ brittle_JJ features_NN2 ._. 
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Less_DAR research_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN devoted_VVN so_RG far_RR to_II alternative_JJ electron-selective_JJ contact_NN1 materials_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT yield_NN1 load_NN1 ,_, Pyand_VV0 the_AT ultimate_JJ load_NN1 ,_, Puof_VV0 the_AT tested_JJ beams_NN2 are_VBR listed_VVN in_II Table_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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Furthermore_RR ,_, the_AT main_JJ damage_NN1 phenomena_NN2 observed_VVN during_II the_AT tests_NN2 are_VBR reported_VVN and_CC associated_VVN to_II 3_MC damage_NN1 limit_NN1 states_VVZ distinguished_JJ for_IF the_AT required_JJ repair_NN1 level_NN1 for_IF the_AT tested_JJ partition_NN1 walls_NN2 ._. 
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Particularly_RR ,_, Chlorella_NP1 sp._NNU is_VBZ able_JK to_TO accumulate_VVI carbohydrate_NN1 content_NN1 from_II 18%_NNU to_II 51%_NNU ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ a_AT1 considerably_RR high_JJ amount_NN1 for_IF microalgae_NN2 strain_VV0 ._. 
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In_II the_AT other_JJ hand_NN1 ,_, liquid_JJ mass_JJ transfer_NN1 coefficient_NN1 is_VBZ measured_VVN via_II Pachecho_NP1 correlation_NN1 (_( Pacheco_NP1 ,_, 1999_MC )_) where_RRQ the_AT data_NN is_VBZ obtained_VVN at_II operating_VVG pressure_NN1 of_IO 7bar_FO over_II the_AT temperature_NN1 range_NN1 from_II 25_MC to_II 120°C_NNU ._. 
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The_AT non-linearity_NN1 in_II the_AT initial_JJ deformation_NN1 stage_NN1 of_IO the_AT stress-strain_JJ curve_NN1 generally_RR increases_VVZ as_II the_AT specimen_NN1 size_NN1 gradually_RR increases_VVZ ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 have_VH0 recently_RR been_VBN involved_JJ in_II the_AT earthquake-resilient_JJ conceptual_JJ design_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 RC_NP1 university_NN1 building_NN1 ._. 
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Similarly_RR ,_, the_AT emergency_NN1 governance_NN1 structure_NN1 should_VM be_VBI adaptive_JJ and_CC automatically_RR adjusted_VVN with_IW the_AT changes_NN2 in_II the_AT external_JJ environment_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Benjamin_NP1 Laustsen_NP1 and_CC Emrah_NP1 Sahin_NP1 are_VBR acknowledged_VVN for_IF their_APPGE contribution_NN1 to_II the_AT development_NN1 finite-element_NN1 tools_NN2 used_VVN in_II the_AT present_JJ work_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT size_NN1 of_IO the_AT model_NN1 groove_NN1 is_VBZ ,_, with_IW wall_NN1 thickness_NN1 of_IO 10mm_NNU ._. 
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On_II the_AT contrary_NN1 ,_, there_EX is_VBZ a_AT1 quite_RG wide_JJ overlapping_JJ ;_; as_II a_AT1 matter_JJ31 of_JJ32 fact_JJ33 ,_, some_DD of_IO them_PPHO2 may_VM be_VBI sometimes_RT regarded_VVN as_II specializations_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 general_JJ method_NN1 (_( discretization_NN1 with_IW rigid_JJ infinitely_RR resistant_JJ elements_NN2 or_CC macro-blocks_NN2 )_) interacting_VVG with_IW interfaces_NN2 that_CST exhibit_VV0 different_JJ mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 (_( e.g._REX in_II NTM_NP1 modelling_NN1 contact_NN1 interfaces_NN2 between_II blocks_NN2 are_VBR assumed_VVN ,_, RBSM_NP1 mildly_RR couples_NN2 shear_VV0 and_CC axial_JJ damaging_JJ springs_NN2 ,_, LA_NP1 is_VBZ usually_RR coupled_VVN with_IW triangular_JJ rigid_JJ elements_NN2 and_CC modified_VVN Mohr-Coulomb_NP1 interfaces_NN2 ,_, and_RR31 so_RR32 on_RR33 )_) ._. 
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In_II Section_NN1 3_MC the_AT results_NN2 of_IO the_AT experimental_JJ investigation_NN1 will_VM be_VBI presented_VVN ._. 
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<s>
On_II loess_NN1 ridge_NN1 ,_, the_AT loess_NN1 caves_NN2 with_IW beads-shaped_JJ structure_NN1 are_VBR distributed_VVN along_II the_AT gulch_NN1 or_CC small_JJ branch_NN1 gully_NN1 ,_, and_CC in_II flat_JJ zone_NN1 ,_, the_AT caves_NN2 become_VV0 the_AT sink_NN1 holes_NN2 or_CC loess_NN1 wells_NN2 ;_; and_CC these_DD2 kind_NN1 of_IO beads-shaped_JJ caves_NN2 are_VBR often_RR intersected_VVN by_II the_AT extended_JJ direction_NN1 of_IO the_AT ridge_NN1 beam_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO control_VVI the_AT maximum_JJ tension_NN1 strain_NN1 demands_NN2 on_II the_AT mild_JJ steel_NN1 bars_NN2 and_CC prevent_VV0 their_APPGE premature_JJ low-cycle_JJ fatigue_NN1 fracture_NN1 ,_, these_DD2 bars_NN2 are_VBR debonded_VVN over_II a_AT1 short_JJ length_NN1 (_( stretch_VV0 length_NN1 )_) in_RP or_CC adjacent_II21 to_II22 the_AT connection_NN1 region_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT RVSA_NN1 keeps_VVZ time_NNT1 point_NN1 of_IO main_JJ pulses_NN2 ,_, general_JJ envelope_NN1 and_CC frequency_NN1 content_NN1 of_IO original_JJ ground_NN1 motion_NN1 unchanged_JJ ,_, and_CC separate_VV0 out_RP the_AT stationary_JJ and_CC nonstationary_JJ content_NN1 of_IO ground_NN1 motion_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT optimization_NN1 framework_NN1 proposed_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 provides_VVZ a_AT1 clear_JJ route_NN1 for_IF optimizing_VVG the_AT passive_JJ design_NN1 of_IO residential_JJ buildings_NN2 with_IW the_AT aim_NN1 of_IO maximizing_VVG the_AT annual_JJ indoor_JJ thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 while_CS minimizing_VVG the_AT annual_JJ building_NN1 energy_NN1 demand_NN1 ;_; the_AT outcomes_NN2 of_IO this_DD1 study_NN1 would_VM inspire_VVI or_CC help_VVI the_AT architects_NN2 to_TO develop_VVI their_APPGE architectural_JJ design_NN1 concepts_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 reached_VVD the_AT maximum_NN1 of_IO 0.423Nm3/kg_NNU at_II the_AT O/C_NP1 ratio_NN1 of_IO 0.78_MC ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, RF_NP1 was_VBDZ also_RR used_VVN in_II the_AT domain_NN1 of_IO occupancy_NN1 detection_NN1 ,_, automated_JJ measurement_NN1 and_CC verification_NN1 ,_, and_CC anomaly_NN1 detection_NN1 of_IO building_NN1 energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 ._. 
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Theoretically_RR ,_, 57.5MJ_FO heat_NN1 can_VM be_VBI produced_VVN with_IW the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO per_II kmol_NN1 FeAl2O4_FO in_II the_AT reduction_NN1 step_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 Reaction_NN1 (_( 1_MC1 )_) ;_; and_CC when_CS the_AT FeAl2O4_FO is_VBZ oxidized_VVN by_II air_NN1 ,_, the_AT same_DA amount_NN1 of_IO exothermic_JJ heat_NN1 can_VM be_VBI inhibited_VVN compared_VVN to_II FeO_NP1 ._. 
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Particularly_RR ,_, the_AT sharp_JJ increase_NN1 between_II 55°C_NNU and_CC 75°C_NNU is_VBZ attributed_VVN to_II the_AT melting_NN1 of_IO the_AT composite_JJ PCMs_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT increasing_JJ availability_NN1 of_IO remote_JJ sensing_NN1 data_NN provides_VVZ valuable_JJ insight_NN1 into_II current_JJ environmental_JJ properties_NN2 and_CC ecological_JJ processes_NN2 ,_, however_RRQV attention_NN1 is_VBZ needed_VVN to_TO develop_VVI models_NN2 and_CC tools_NN2 that_CST allow_VVI the_AT use_NN1 of_IO remote_JJ sensing_NN1 data_NN to_TO simulate_VVI ecological_JJ functions_NN2 and_CC the_AT creation_NN1 of_IO ES_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT calculated_JJ errors_NN2 of_IO gravelly-coarse_JJ sand_NN1 are_VBR greater_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO mucky_JJ clay_NN1 usually_RR ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, perimeter_NN1 charge_NN1 factor_NN1 along_II21 with_II22 maximum_JJ charge_NN1 per_II delay_NN1 ,_, advancement_NN1 and_CC confinement_NN1 factors_NN2 has_VHZ been_VBN included_VVN in_II the_AT proposed_JJ empirical_JJ correlation_NN1 ._. 
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No._NN1 51278425_MC ;_; No._NN1 51678499_MC )_) and_CC Program_NN1 for_IF New_JJ Century_NNT1 Excellent_JJ Talents_NN2 in_II University_NN1 –_- China_NP1 (_( NCET-11-0713_NP1 )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ still_RR the_AT case_NN1 ,_, even_CS21 if_CS22 a_AT1 scaling_NN1 coefficient_NN1 is_VBZ added_VVN to_TO amplify_VVI the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO creep_NN1 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 3(b)_FO for_IF the_AT JTG_NP1 model_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT '_NULL activity_NN1 diary_NN1 '_NULL method_NN1 described_VVN in_II current_JJ comfort_NN1 standards_NN2 is_VBZ for_IF engineering_NN1 purpose_NN1 of_IO building_NN1 design_NN1 and_CC air_NN1 conditioning_NN1 operation_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II noting_VVG that_CST the_AT heat_NN1 exhaust_NN1 efficiency_NN1 increases_VVZ significantly_RR with_IW exhaust_NN1 velocity_NN1 of_IO 4m/s_FU and_CC increasing_VVG HRRs_NP1 from_II 8_MC to_II 20MW_NNU ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ because_CS the_AT corresponding_JJ Fr_NPD1 decreases_VVZ from_II 2.72_MC to_II 1.48_MC ._. 
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Fig._NN1 2(a)_FO presents_VVZ the_AT entire_JJ data_NN set_VVN in_II which_DDQ the_AT Christmas_NNT1 holidays_NN2 are_VBR identifiable_JJ by_II drops_NN2 in_II the_AT average_JJ traffic_NN1 ,_, and_CC Fig._NN1 2(b)_FO presents_VVZ only_RR 3_MC days_NNT2 in_II which_DDQ the_AT daily_JJ variation_NN1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 investigates_VVZ the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO carbonation_NN1 on_II the_AT microstructure_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 paste_NN1 cast_VVN with_IW Ordinary_JJ Portland_NP1 Cement_NN1 (_( OPC_NP1 )_) ,_, fly_VV0 ash_NN1 based_VVD Portland_NP1 Pozzolana_NP1 Cement_NN1 (_( PPC_NP1 )_) and_CC Limestone_NN1 Calcined_JJ Clay_NN1 Cement_NN1 (_( LC3_FO )_) using_VVG X-ray_NN1 diffraction_NN1 (_( XRD_NP1 )_) ,_, thermal_JJ analysis_NN1 (_( TGA_NP1 )_) ,_, scanning_VVG electron_NN1 microscope_NN1 (_( SEM_NP1 )_) and_CC mercury_NN1 intrusion_NN1 porosimeter_NN1 (_( MIP_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT increase_NN1 in_II GNP-M_JJ content_NN1 from_II 0_MC to_II 0.30%_FO resulted_VVN in_II an_AT1 increase_NN1 of_IO tensile_JJ strength_NN1 by_II 45%_NNU and_CC energy_NN1 absorption_NN1 capacity_NN1 by_II 150%_NNU ._. 
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The_AT validity_NN1 of_IO LCL_NP1 has_VHZ been_VBN questioned_VVN in_II previous_JJ studies_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 paper_NN1 primarily_RR dealt_VVN with_IW the_AT global_JJ overturning_VVG stability_NN1 of_IO the_AT barrier_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 7a_FO and_CC b_ZZ1 shows_VVZ the_AT 1_MC1 standard_JJ deviation_NN1 (_( SD_NP1 )_) bounds_VVZ for_IF the_AT predicted_JJ settlement_NN1 on_II the_AT 974-th_JJ day_NNT1 at_II the_AT ground_NN1 surface_NN1 and_CC a_AT1 depth_NN1 of_IO 14.2_MC m_NNO ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Using_VVG this_DD1 approach_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, simulation_NN1 speedups_NN2 are_VBR quite_RG modest_JJ ,_, as_CSA the_AT number_NN1 of_IO cores_NN2 available_JJ on_II a_AT1 CPU_NN1 is_VBZ limited_VVN ._. 
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Before_CS the_AT test_NN1 ,_, the_AT model_NN1 box_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 3_MC )_) is_VBZ placed_VVN in_II the_AT pre-set_JJ place_NN1 ._. 
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Further_JJR oxidation_NN1 of_IO products_NN2 m/z_ZZ1 137_MC and_CC m/z_ZZ1 281_MC resulted_VVD in_II the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO quinone_NN1 products_NN2 m/z_ZZ1 135_MC and_CC m/z_ZZ1 279_MC ._. 
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Open_JJ systems_NN2 include_VV0 natural_JJ ponds_NN2 ,_, circular_JJ ponds_NN2 and_CC raceway_NN1 ponds_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, underlying_VVG the_AT effective_JJ destruction_NN1 of_IO MP_NN1 molecular_JJ structures_NN2 ,_, these_DD2 chemical_JJ oxidants_NN2 may_VM also_RR produce_VVI more_RGR harmful_JJ or_CC persistent_JJ by-products_NN2 than_CSN the_AT parent_NN1 compounds_NN2 (_( Carlson_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ,_, which_DDQ warrants_VVZ further_JJR investigation_NN1 ._. 
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Higher_JJR liquid_JJ supply_NN1 might_VM facilitate_VVI the_AT dissolution_NN1 process_NN1 ._. 
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In_II the_AT second_MD phase_NN1 ,_, the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO marginal_JJ distribution_NN1 was_VBDZ examined_VVN by_II the_AT results_NN2 from_II three_MC marginal_JJ distributions_NN2 ,_, viz._REX First_MD ,_, large_JJ number_NN1 of_IO healthy_JJ training_NN1 data_NN under_II different_JJ environmental_JJ and_CC operational_JJ conditions_NN2 must_VM be_VBI required_VVN to_TO create_VVI the_AT cointegration_NN1 residual_JJ ;_; however_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ usually_RR difficult_JJ to_TO obtain_VVI such_DA large_JJ data_NN particularly_RR at_II an_AT1 early_JJ monitoring_NN1 stage_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT intercept_VV0 ,_, however_RR ,_, shows_VVZ an_AT1 initial_JJ reduction_NN1 followed_VVN by_II an_AT1 increase_NN1 after_CS 0.2%_FO plastic_NN1 strain_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Reduction_NN1 in_II risk_NN1 magnitudes_NN2 overall_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 13a-h_FO )_) with_IW the_AT incorporation_NN1 of_IO adaptive_JJ measures_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 LID_NN1 ,_, dredging_NN1 and_CC the_AT tidal_JJ wall_NN1 ,_, can_VM be_VBI attributed_VVN to_II an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II flood_NN1 resilience_NN1 ._. 
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In_II blasting_VVG operation_NN1 ,_, explosive_JJ energy_NN1 appears_VVZ in_II three_MC forms_NN2 ,_, maximum_JJ charge_NN1 per_II delay_NN1 (_( W_ZZ1 )_) ,_, specific_JJ charge_NN1 (_( q_ZZ1 )_) and_CC perimeter_NN1 charge_NN1 factor_NN1 (_( qp_NNU )_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 range_NN1 of_IO shape_NN1 factors_NN2 covers_VVZ the_AT most_RGT typical_JJ cases_NN2 of_IO steel-reinforced_JJ rubber_JJ bearings_NN2 used_VVN in_II bridge_NN1 engineering_NN1 applications_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT achievement_NN1 indicators_NN2 define_VV0 the_AT space_NN1 identified_VVN in_II Fig.3_FO and_CC are_VBR tabulated_VVN based_VVN on_II how_RRQ they_PPHS2 are_VBR associated_VVN with_IW each_DD1 axis_NN1 ._. 
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An_AT1 NBS_NP1 (_( no_AT binary_JJ search_NN1 )_) contact_VV0 detection_NN1 algorithm_NN1 is_VBZ implemented_VVN (_( Munjiza_NP1 and_CC Andrews_NP1 ,_, 1998_MC )_) in_II the_AT FDEM_NN1 code_NN1 ._. 
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From_II the_AT beginning_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 century_NNT1 ,_, the_AT advantages_NN2 of_IO carbon-fiber-reinforced_JJ polymer_NN1 CFRP_NP1 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 noncorrosion_NN1 ,_, high_JJ strength-to-weight_JJ ratio_NN1 ,_, and_CC excellent_JJ fatigue_NN1 resistance_NN1 ,_, have_VH0 made_VVN CFRP_NP1 become_VVI a_AT1 major_JJ strengthening_NN1 tool_NN1 for_IF aged_JJ steel_NN1 structures_NN2 (_( Zhao_NP1 2017_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT length_NN1 of_IO the_AT fiber_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR pronounced_JJ in_II the_AT concrete_NN1 with_IW lesser_JJ strength_NN1 (_( w/c_ZZ1 ratio=0.45_FO )_) ,_, as_CSA seen_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 6(c)_FO ._. 
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The_AT failure_NN1 process_NN1 under_II single_JJ cutter_NN1 can_VM be_VBI divided_VVN into_II 3_MC steps_NN2 in_II both_DB2 physical_JJ tests_NN2 and_CC numerical_JJ simulations_NN2 ._. 
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Suns-Voc_JJ measurements_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN by_II Sinton_NP1 Instruments_NN2 (_( Boulder_NP1 ,_, CO_NP1 ,_, USA_NP1 )_) ._. 
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Comparison_NN1 of_IO CV_NN1 (_( RMSE_NP1 )_) s_ZZ1 across_II different_JJ sets_NN2 for_IF Plug_NN1 Loads_NN2 EUI_NP1 prediction_NN1 ,_, mean±standard_FO deviation_NN1 ._. 
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Each_DD1 component_NN1 in_II an_AT1 ESMF_NN1 composition_NN1 is_VBZ assigned_VVN a_AT1 single_JJ VM_NP1 comprised_VVN of_IO one_MC1 or_CC more_DAR persistent_JJ execution_NN1 threads_NN2 (_( PET_NN1 )_) ,_, where_CS each_DD1 PET_NN1 is_VBZ equivalent_JJ to_II a_AT1 single_JJ MPI_JJ process_NN1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 region_NN1 ,_, inelastic_JJ displacement_NN1 ratios_NN2 spectra_NN2 of_IO soil-structure_JJ systems_NN2 with_IW BL_FO ,_, CL_NP1 and_CC SD_NP1 hysteresis_NN1 behaviors_NN2 are_VBR strongly_RR dependent_JJ on_II strength_NN1 reduction_NN1 factor_NN1 (_( R_ZZ1 )_) such_CS21 that_CS22 any_DD increment_NN1 in_II R_ZZ1 amplifies_VVZ the_AT CR_NP1 values_NN2 of_IO short_JJ period_NN1 structures_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT 30-min_JJ mean_JJ QP_NP1 is_VBZ close_JJ to_II the_AT lowest_JJT QT_NP1 rate_NN1 as_II the_AT instantaneous_JJ QP_NP1 values_NN2 decrease_VV0 after_II the_AT decay_NN1 period_NN1 ._. 
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At_II the_AT rear_NN1 of_IO Q1_FO ,_, the_AT main_JJ scarp_NN1 appears_VVZ as_II a_AT1 deep_JJ trench_NN1 with_IW clear_JJ indications_NN2 of_IO slip_NN1 displacements_NN2 (_( Fig.4b_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
Recently_RR ,_, Feng_NP1 and_CC Feng77_FO presented_VVD a_AT1 thorough_JJ review_NN1 of_IO visionbased_JJ SHM_NP1 methods_NN2 covering_VVG system_NN1 identification_NN1 to_TO damage_VVI detection_NN1 while_CS also_RR implying_VVG its_APPGE field_NN1 applications_NN2 and_CC various_JJ errors_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW camerabased_JJ techniques_NN2 ._. 
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Ten_MC of_IO the_AT potential-safe_JJ and_CC potential-leak_JJ wells_NN2 which_DDQ were_VBDR not_XX involved_JJ in_II the_AT training_NN1 were_VBDR used_VVN to_TO test_VVI the_AT trained_JJ neural_JJ network_NN1 model_NN1 ._. 
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Variable_JJ importance_NN1 could_VM be_VBI used_VVN to_TO select_VVI the_AT most_RGT important_JJ variables_NN2 in_II an_AT1 RF_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ would_VM help_VVI users_NN2 in_II targeting_VVG the_AT most_RGT influential_JJ factors_NN2 and_CC understanding_VVG the_AT relationships_NN2 between_II input_NN1 and_CC output_NN1 variables_NN2 ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 the_AT local_JJ materials_NN2 and_CC applications_NN2 ,_, blends_VVZ higher_JJR of_IO lower_JJR amounts_NN2 of_IO clinker_NN1 may_VM be_VBI of_IO interest_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 appears_VVZ from_II the_AT above_JJ analysis_NN1 that_CST it_PPH1 would_VM be_VBI significantly_RR more_RGR difficult_JJ to_TO guarantee_VVI the_AT stability_NN1 of_IO the_AT absolute_JJ velocity_NN1 feedback_NN1 control_NN1 applied_VVN on_II the_AT latter_DA ,_, subcritical_JJ family_NN1 of_IO vibration_NN1 isolation_NN1 problems_NN2 ._. 
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Two_MC decentralized_JJ control_NN1 structures_NN2 were_VBDR implemented_VVN ,_, considering_VVG as_RG main_JJ degrees_NN2 of_IO freedom_NN1 for_IF operation_NN1 (_( manipulable_JJ variables_NN2 )_) ,_, the_AT rich_JJ solvent_NN1 mass_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 (_( Fsolv_NP1 )_) and_CC the_AT steam_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 to_II the_AT reboiler_NN1 (_( Fsteam_NP1 )_) ._. 
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Since_CS occupant_NN1 behaviors_NN2 in_II classroom_NN1 buildings_NN2 are_VBR relatively_RR limited_VVN in_II scope_NN1 (_( primarily_RR reflecting_VVG office_NN1 work_NN1 and_CC instructional_JJ activities_NN2 )_) and_CC the_AT equipment_NN1 fairly_RR standardized_VVN ,_, this_DD1 building_NN1 type_NN1 provides_VVZ fertile_JJ testing_NN1 grounds_NN2 for_IF monitoring_VVG energy-consuming_JJ and_CC discomfort-driven_JJ occupant_NN1 behaviors_NN2 in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO identify_VVI those_DD2 that_CST may_VM be_VBI best_JJT predictors_NN2 to_TO incorporate_VVI in_II the_AT energy_NN1 modeling_NN1 used_VVD here_RL ._. 
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First_MD six_MC modes_NN2 of_IO vibration_NN1 of_IO the_AT RC_NP1 building_NN1 with_IW improved_JJ seismic_JJ performance_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, base-isolated_JJ and_CC with_IW TMD_NP1 at_II the_AT basement_NN1 )_) ._. 
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Brookfield_NN1 viscosity_NN1 results_NN2 of_IO asphalt_NN1 and_CC asphalt_NN1 mortar_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT DEM_FW diagram_NN1 of_IO Jiangliu_NP1 loess_NN1 fluidized_VVD landslide_NN1 ._. 
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Notably_RR ,_, the_AT foulant_JJ layer_NN1 attached_VVN on_II the_AT membrane_NN1 surface_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX destroyed_VVN ._. 
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Ideally_RR ,_, the_AT clinker_NN1 would_VM be_VBI ground_VVN first_MD with_IW gypsum_NN1 and_CC then_RT mixed_VVN with_IW the_AT calcined_JJ clay_NN1 and_CC limestone_NN1 ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, one_MC1 elegant_JJ way_NN1 to_TO tackle_VVI this_DD1 problem_NN1 can_VM be_VBI to_TO design_VVI a_AT1 gain_NN1 scheduled_JJ controller_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT equations_NN2 for_IF the_AT strengthened_JJ joint_NN1 shear_VV0 capacity_NN1 (_( Vf_NP1 )_) in_II the_AT three_MC guidelines_NN2 are_VBR summarized_VVN in_II Table7_FO ._. 
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In_II two_MC different_JJ scenarios_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT bus_NN1 was_VBDZ traveling_VVG from_II north_ND1 to_II south_ND1 or_CC from_II south_ND1 to_II north_ND1 ,_, the_AT response_NN1 was_VBDZ investigated_VVN ,_, and_CC the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR presented_VVN in_II Figs_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT cementitious_JJ matrix_NN1 of_IO the_AT PBO-FRCM_JJ composite_NN1 had_VHD a_AT1 compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO 43.9_MC MPa_NP1 (_( standard_JJ deviation_NN1 of_IO 0.4_MC MPa_NP1 )_) and_CC a_AT1 flexural_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO 3_MC MPa_NP1 (_( standard_JJ deviation_NN1 of_IO 0.3_MC MPa_NP1 )_) after_II 28_MC days_NNT2 as_CSA determined_VVN by_II the_AT authors_NN2 ._. 
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Regarding_II the_AT calculation_NN1 process_NN1 of_IO HAND_NN1 ,_, Rennó_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2008_MC )_) demonstrated_VVD that_DD1 CAT_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT tunable_JJ parameter_NN1 and_CC assessed_VVD the_AT impact_NN1 of_IO different_JJ contributing_JJ area_NN1 thresholds_NN2 on_II the_AT HAND_NN1 layer_NN1 (_( i.e._REX the_AT sensitivity_NN1 of_IO the_AT HAND_NN1 layer_NN1 to_II varying_VVG contributing_JJ areas_NN2 )_) ._. 
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The_AT suitable_JJ chemical_JJ admixture_NN1 was_VBDZ then_RT conformed_VVN by_II correlating_VVG dispersion_NN1 and_CC flexural_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO GO-cement_JJ composite_JJ ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ typical_JJ for_IF teachers_NN2 to_TO automatically_RR assume_VVI responsibility_NN1 for_IF managing_VVG their_APPGE classrooms_NN2 '_NULL physical_JJ environments_NN2 &lsqb;_( 8_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Fig._NN1 1_MC1 illustrates_VVZ the_AT model_NN1 development_NN1 procedure_NN1 of_IO RF_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT temperature_NN1 values_NN2 corresponding_VVG to_II the_AT four_MC training_NN1 cases_NN2 (_( Cases_NN2 1–4_MCMC )_) were_VBDR plotted_VVN in_II Figure11_FO ._. 
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The_AT number_NN1 of_IO curves_NN2 to_TO be_VBI extracted_VVN ,_, Q_ZZ1 ,_, is_VBZ set_VVN as_CSA 5_MC in_II this_DD1 simulation_NN1 ,_, thus_RR five_MC curves_NN2 are_VBR extracted_VVN shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 5(c)_FO ._. 
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Seismic_JJ performances_NN2 of_IO the_AT two_MC designs_NN2 (_( with_IW the_AT SMABs_NP2 and_CC the_AT BRBs_NP1 ,_, respectively_RR )_) were_VBDR investigated_VVN through_II nonlinear_JJ static_JJ analyses_NN2 and_CC nonlinear_JJ response_NN1 history_NN1 analyses_NN2 based_VVN on_II three_MC suites_NN2 of_IO ground_NN1 motion_NN1 records_NN2 representing_VVG different_JJ seismic_JJ hazard_NN1 levels_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT proposed_JJ architectures_NN2 ,_, the_AT WPD_NP1 is_VBZ chosen_VVN to_TO decompose_VVI the_AT actual_JJ wind_NN1 speed_NN1 series_NN into_II several_DA2 sub-layers_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT EMD_NN1 is_VBZ adopted_VVN to_TO further_RRR decompose_VVI the_AT obtained_VVN LF_NP1 (_( Low_NP1 Frequency_NN1 )_) sub-layers_NN2 ,_, the_AT obtained_VVN HF_NP1 (_( High_JJ Frequency_NN1 )_) sub-layers_NN2 and_CC all_DB the_AT obtained_VVN sub-layers_NN2 into_II a_AT1 number_NN1 of_IO IMFs_NP2 (_( Intrinsic_JJ Mode_NN1 Functions_NN2 )_) ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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It_PPH1 follows_VVZ that_CST 1,280_MC equivalent_JJ 2dof_FO systems_NN2 ,_, with_IW isolation_NN1 b_ZZ1 and_CC superstructure_NN1 s_ZZ1 inherent_JJ damping_NN1 ratios_NN2 respectively_RR equal_JJ to_II 0%16_FO ,_, 30_MC ,_, 57_MC and_CC 2%_NNU ,_, are_VBR properly_RR characterized_VVN combining_VVG the_AT 4_MC values_NN2 of_IO Id_NN1 with_IW the_AT four_MC values_NN2 of_IO Tb_NN1 ,_, the_AT two_MC values_NN2 of_IO γ_NULL ,_, the_AT 10_MC values_NN2 of_IO q_ZZ1 ,_, and_CC with_IW the_AT 2_MC values_NN2 of_IO the_AT postyield_NN1 stiffness_NN1 ratio_NN1 in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO both_RR hardening_VVG and_CC softening_JJ behavior_NN1 (_( H_ZZ1 and_CC S_ZZ1 :_: four_MC possibilities_NN2 )_) ._. 
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The_AT baseline_NN1 policy_NN1 fails_VVZ to_TO control_VVI flood_NN1 events_NN2 in_II the_AT majority_NN1 of_IO climate_NN1 scenarios_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 deficiency_NN1 which_DDQ the_AT adaptive_JJ policy_NN1 is_VBZ able_JK to_TO fix_VVI ._. 
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The_AT point_NN1 that_CST is_VBZ located_VVN at_II the_AT center_NN1 of_IO the_AT 2D_NNU model_NN1 and_CC 4_MC m_NNO below_II the_AT surface_NN1 is_VBZ chosen_VVN to_TO check_VVI the_AT excess_JJ pore_NN1 pressure_NN1 after_II the_AT embankment_NN1 construction_NN1 is_VBZ completed_VVN ._. 
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If_CS some_DD particle_NN1 or_CC fiber_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX identifiable_JJ with_IW available_JJ analysis_NN1 ,_, other_JJ representative_NN1 from_II the_AT same_DA group_NN1 was_VBDZ analyzed_VVN instead_RR ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, a_AT1 partially_RR infilled_JJ frame_NN1 configuration_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 1.44m_NNU wide_JJ and_CC full-height_JJ opening_NN1 in_II the_AT middle_NN1 of_IO the_AT span_NN1 (_( TA4_FO )_) was_VBDZ tested_VVN ,_, reaching_VVG a_AT1 maximum_JJ in-plane_NN1 drift_NN1 of_IO 1.00%_FO ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 would_VM like_VVI to_TO express_VVI their_APPGE gratitude_NN1 for_IF financial_JJ support_NN1 from_II the_AT National_JJ Natural_JJ Science_NN1 Foundation_NN1 of_IO China_NP1 (_( 51508070_MC and_CC 51778106_MC )_) ,_, the_AT National_JJ Key_JJ Basic_JJ Research_NN1 Program_NN1 of_IO China_NP1 (_( 2015CB060000_FO )_) ,_, the_AT Fundamental_JJ Research_NN1 Funds_NN2 for_IF the_AT Central_JJ Universities_NN2 (_( DUT16LK10_FO and_CC DUT16YQ101_FO )_) ,_, the_AT Opening_NN1 Fund_NN1 of_IO State_NN1 Key_NN1 Laboratory_NN1 of_IO Structural_JJ Analysis_NN1 for_IF Industrial_JJ Equipment_NN1 (_( GZ1601_FO )_) ,_, the_AT Foundation_NN1 of_IO Key_JJ Laboratory_NN1 of_IO Structures_NN2 Dynamic_JJ Behavior_NN1 and_CC Control_NN1 (_( Ministry_NN1 of_IO Education_NN1 )_) in_II Harbin_NP1 Institute_NN1 of_IO Technology_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT project_NN1 DEC-2014/15/B/ST8/04363_FU of_IO the_AT National_JJ Science_NN1 Centre_NN1 ,_, Poland_NP1 ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, a_AT1 focus_NN1 on_II specific_JJ resilience_NN1 to_II managed_JJ social_JJ systems_NN2 makes_VVZ rational_JJ sense_NN1 because_CS that_DD1 is_VBZ a_AT1 domain_NN1 of_IO operation_NN1 that_CST the_AT federal_JJ government_NN1 has_VHZ dominion_NN1 over_RP ._. 
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However_RR ,_, for_IF the_AT stronger_JJR frame_NN1 design_NN1 ,_, three_MC ground_NN1 motions_NN2 had_VHD failure_NN1 due_JJ solely_RR to_II the_AT isolation_NN1 bearing_VVG uplift_NN1 without_IW excessive_JJ superstructure_NN1 yielding_VVG ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ method_NN1 also_RR accounts_VVZ for_IF the_AT delay_NN1 of_IO the_AT hydraulic_JJ response_NN1 at_II different_JJ depths_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II mentioning_VVG that_CST all_DB the_AT CNTs_NP1 dispersion_NN1 profiles_NN2 here_RL considered_VVN (_( FG_NP1 or_CC UD_NP1 )_) will_VM have_VHI the_AT same_DA value_NN1 of_IO mass_JJ fraction_NN1 ._. 
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Most_DAT of_IO them_PPHO2 show_VV0 a_AT1 particular_JJ seasonal_JJ forecast_NN1 along_II21 with_II22 the_AT past_JJ forecast_NN1 system_NN1 quality_NN1 for_IF such_DA events_NN2 ._. 
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Elementary_JJ lattices_NN2 of_IO cubic_JJ symmetry_NN1 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) Simple_JJ Cubic_JJ (_( SC_FO )_) (_( b_ZZ1 )_) Body-Centered_JJ Cubic_JJ (_( BCC_NP1 )_) and_CC (_( c_ZZ1 )_) Face-Centered_JJ Cubic_JJ (_( FCC_NP1 )_) ._. 
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But_CCB the_AT strain_NN1 distribution_NN1 of_IO the_AT pipeline_NN1 at_II the_AT edge_NN1 of_IO the_AT pit_NN1 is_VBZ opposite_JJ ._. 
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A_AT1 plan-based_JJ approach_NN1 to_II emergency_NN1 response_NN1 heavily_RR relies_VVZ on_II preincident_JJ preparedness_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ sometimes_RT leads_VVZ to_II inflexible_JJ responses_NN2 in_II the_AT face_NN1 of_IO unexpected_JJ events_NN2 ._. 
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Experimentally_RR ,_, measuring_VVG the_AT onset_NN1 time_NNT1 as_II the_AT time_NNT1 at_II which_DDQ fingers_NN2 become_VV0 visible_JJ implies_VVZ some_DD subjectivity_NN1 but_CCB provides_VVZ a_AT1 quick_JJ measure_NN1 of_IO the_AT order_NN1 of_IO magnitude_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 time_NNT1 ._. 
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Guided_VVN by_II the_AT literature_NN1 review_NN1 and_CC framework_NN1 shown_VVN in_II Fig.1_FO ,_, the_AT authors_NN2 focus_VV0 on_II a_AT1 specific_JJ casethe_NN1 FTA_NN1 Public_NN1 Transportation_NN1 Emergency_NN1 Relief_NN1 Program_NN1 following_II Superstorm_NP1 Sandy_NP1 in_II 2012_MC and_CC 2013_MC ._. 
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This_DD1 increase_NN1 in_II fill-factor_NN1 may_VM be_VBI the_AT result_NN1 of_IO moving_VVG the_AT back_NN1 surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT device_NN1 away_II21 from_II22 the_AT depletion_NN1 region_NN1 ,_, resulting_VVG in_II a_AT1 longer_JJR carrier_NN1 lifetime_NNT1 (_( Fig._NN1 2(a)_FO )_) and_CC reduced_JJ recombination_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT depositional_JJ ,_, stratigraphic_JJ ,_, structural_JJ and_CC mineralogical_JJ characteristics_NN2 are_VBR considered_VVN first_MD ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 input_NN1 and_CC output_NN1 data_NN are_VBR used_VVN for_IF the_AT training_NN1 and_CC validation_NN1 of_IO the_AT proposed_JJ framework_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT increase_NN1 rate_NN1 is_VBZ higher_JJR than_CSN for_IF case_NN1 3_MC but_CCB the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR still_RR acceptable_JJ ._. 
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The_AT decided_JJ benchmarking_NN1 techniques_NN2 are_VBR not_XX exclusive_JJ to_II the_AT energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 sets_NN2 of_IO data_NN ._. 
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<s>
Because_CS a_AT1 smaller_JJR IDOF_NN1 number_NN1 creates_VVZ higher_JJR efficiency_NN1 of_IO the_AT SMW_NP1 formula_NN1 ,_, the_AT small_JJ number_NN1 of_IO IDOFs_NP2 in_II Fig._NN1 14_MC illustrates_VVZ the_AT high_JJ efficiency_NN1 of_IO the_AT proposed_JJ algorithm_NN1 ._. 
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With_II31 regard_II32 to_II33 the_AT identified_JJ structural_JJ parameters_NN2 ,_, an_AT1 equivalent_JJ elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 of_IO the_AT masonry_NN1 of_IO about_II 825MPa_FO is_VBZ obtained_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT DSM_NP1 theory_NN1 developed_VVN in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 can_VM easily_RR account_VVI for_IF such_DA problems_NN2 with_IW any_DD step_NN1 location_NN1 ,_, thickness_NN1 variation_NN1 and_CC boundary_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Additional_JJ testing_NN1 and_CC more_RGR advanced_JJ modeling_NN1 methodologies_NN2 are_VBR required_VVN in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO generalize_VVI the_AT results_NN2 and_CC propose_VVI design_NN1 guidelines_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Upon_II the_AT validation_NN1 of_IO the_AT posttensioned_JJ concept_NN1 ,_, tests_NN2 were_VBDR conducted_VVN on_II larger-scale_JJ specimens_NN2 ,_, including_II two-thirds-scale_JJ LVL_NP1 frame_NN1 and_CC wall_NN1 assemblies_NN2 (_( Newcombe_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2008_MC )_) ,_, full-scale_JJ LVL_NP1 beam-column_JJ connections_NN2 (_( Iqbal_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2016_MC )_) ,_, and_CC a_AT1 two-thirds-scale_JJ three-story_JJ glulam_NN1 building_NN1 for_IF shaking_VVG table_NN1 tests_NN2 (_( Smith_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2014_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
To_TO analyze_VVI the_AT reliabilities_NN2 of_IO the_AT blocks_NN2 in_II the_AT tunnel_NN1 ,_, the_AT structural_JJ planes_NN2 are_VBR investigated_VVN and_CC the_AT statistical_JJ results_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4_MC ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II the_AT results_NN2 ,_, increasing_JJ inlet_NN1 air_NN1 temperature_NN1 decline_NN1 comfort_NN1 level_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT thermal_JJ energy_NN1 storage_NN1 properties_NN2 of_IO the_AT samples_NN2 were_VBDR measured_VVN by_II DSC_NN1 (_( TA_UH ,_, Q2000_FO )_) coupled_VVD with_IW a_AT1 refrigerating_JJ cooling_NN1 system_NN1 90_MC (_( RCS_NP2 90_MC ,_, TA_UH )_) under_II a_AT1 constant_JJ flow_NN1 of_IO dry_JJ nitrogen_NN1 with_IW the_AT flow_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO 50_MC mL/min_NNU ._. 
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As_II a_AT1 result_NN1 ,_, the_AT load_NN1 of_IO the_AT overhanging_JJ roof_NN1 and_CC the_AT overburden_VV0 strata_NN2 supported_VVN by_II the_AT coal_NN1 pillar_NN1 is_VBZ transferred_VVN to_II the_AT gob_NN1 area_NN1 ,_, and_CC partial_JJ load_NN1 of_IO the_AT coal_NN1 pillar_NN1 is_VBZ released_VVN ._. 
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<s>
With_IW the_AT impact_NN1 factors_NN2 like_II gender_NN1 ,_, age_NN1 ,_, nature_NN1 of_IO the_AT job_NN1 and_CC environmental_JJ conditions_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ reasonable_JJ to_TO see_VVI some_DD metabolic_JJ rate_NN1 variation_NN1 in_II real_JJ buildings_NN2 ._. 
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Meanwhile_RR ,_, the_AT multiple_JJ vertical_JJ cracks_NN2 tend_VV0 to_TO be_VBI saturated_VVN (_( red_JJ points_NN2 after_II point_NN1 B_ZZ1 in_II Fig._NN1 4_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA stated_VVN above_RL ,_, denser_JJR materials_NN2 will_VM have_VHI greater_JJR particle_NN1 interlocking_VVG ,_, leading_VVG to_TO lower_VVI contractive_JJ potential_NN1 and_CC pore_NN1 pressure_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT PONKCS_NP2 method_NN1 ,_, the_AT protocol_NN1 described_VVN in_II &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) was_VBDZ used_VVN ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA mentioned_VVN previously_RR ,_, the_AT hydraulic_JJ loading_NN1 governs_VVZ the_AT onset_NN1 and_CC development_NN1 of_IO internal_JJ erosion_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT reason_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT early_JJ construction_NN1 of_IO the_AT invert_NN1 and_CC the_AT ongoing_JJ deformation_NN1 process_NN1 of_IO the_AT rock_NN1 mass_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ of_IO importance_NN1 to_TO study_VVI the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO joints_NN2 on_II wave_NN1 propagation_NN1 in_II rock_NN1 masses.1_FO ,_, 2_MC ,_, 3_MC ,_, 4_MC ,_, 5_MC ,_, Compared_VVN with_IW other_JJ components_NN2 ,_, the_AT thermal_JJ performance_NN1 of_IO glazed_JJ units_NN2 are_VBR poorer_JJR ,_, so_CS they_PPHS2 have_VH0 a_AT1 bigger_JJR effect_NN1 on_II the_AT energy_NN1 demand_NN1 of_IO buildings_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT intrinsic_JJ parameters_NN2 do_VD0 not_XX depend_VVI on_II the_AT scene_NN1 viewed_VVD ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 newly_RR proposed_JJ approach_NN1 for_IF cracks_NN2 detection_NN1 in_II steel_NN1 beams_NN2 by_II sine-sweep_JJ vibration_NN1 measurements_NN2 was_VBDZ presented_VVN by_II Dougdag_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 30_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT MP_NN1 particles_NN2 were_VBDR classified_VVN according_II21 to_II22 their_APPGE types_NN2 into_II categories_NN2 "_" fiber_NN1 "_" ,_, "_" shaft_NN1 "_" ,_, "_" film_NN1 "_" ,_, "_" flake_NN1 "_" and_CC "_" sphere_NN1 "_" (_( Free_VV0 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC ;_; Su_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ,_, and_CC colors_NN2 into_II categories_NN2 "_" white_JJ "_" ,_, "_" red_JJ "_" ,_, "_" green_JJ "_" ,_, "_" black_JJ "_" ,_, "_" orange_NN1 "_" ,_, "_" blue_JJ "_" and_CC others_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, a_AT1 substantial_JJ increase_NN1 in_II demand_NN1 will_VM be_VBI put_VVN on_II the_AT already_RR heavily_RR used_JJ railroad_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF very_RG low_JJ cooling_JJ demands_NN2 ,_, the_AT phase_NN1 change_NN1 temperature_NN1 should_VM be_VBI close_JJ to_II the_AT required_JJ temperature_NN1 level_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, the_AT temperature_NN1 changes_NN2 in_II a_AT1 higher_JJR relative_JJ humidity_NN1 (_( 90%_NNU )_) would_VM not_XX change_VVI DC_NP1 values_VVZ substantially_RR ._. 
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This_DD1 phase_NN1 consists_VVZ in_II translating_VVG ,_, by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 the_AT Python_NP1 FloPy_NP1 library_NN1 (_( FloPy_NP1 ,_, 2016_MC ;_; Bakker_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC ,_, 2017_MC )_) ,_, all_DB the_AT MLs_NNU2 and_CC MDOs_NN2 implemented_VVN and_CC stored_VVN within_II the_AT SpatiaLite_JJ database_NN1 in_II model_NN1 files_NN2 (_( i.e._REX ,_, text_NN1 files_NN2 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Generally_RR ,_, to_TO characterize_VVI the_AT dynamic_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO such_DA metamaterial_JJ plates_NN2 ,_, several_DA2 effective_JJ methods_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN adopted_VVN ,_, such_II21 as_II22 TFM_NP1 &lsqb;_( 30_MC &rsqb;_) (_( transfer_NN1 matrix_NN1 method_NN1 )_) ,_, PWE_NP1 &lsqb;_( 31_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, FDTD_NP1 &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) (_( finite_JJ domain_NN1 time_NNT1 difference_NN1 )_) ,_, SEM_NP1 &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) (_( spectral_JJ element_NN1 method_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Various_JJ structural_JJ features_NN2 of_IO nacre_NN1 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 mineral_NN1 bridges_NN2 ,_, nanoasperities_NN2 ,_, and_CC waviness_NN1 of_IO the_AT platelets_NN2 ,_, also_RR play_VV0 critical_JJ roles_NN2 in_II enhancing_VVG the_AT overall_JJ strengthening_NN1 and_CC toughening_VVG mechanisms_NN2 (_( Yaraghi_NP1 and_CC Kisailus_NP1 2018_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 4a_FO shows_VVZ the_AT EG_REX results_NN2 from_II the_AT production_NN1 stage_NN1 (_( A1-A3_NN1 )_) sorted_VVD by_II building_NN1 use_NN1 and_CC 4b_FO shows_VVZ the_AT EG_REX results_NN2 sorted_VVN by_II five_MC of_IO the_AT applied_JJ databases_NN2 ._. 
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At_II Point_NN1 D_ZZ1 ,_, 750_MC mm_NNU from_II the_AT midspan_NN1 ,_, the_AT hoop_NN1 strain_NN1 of_IO the_AT FRP_NP1 tube_NN1 was_VBDZ nearly_RR zero_MC during_II the_AT blast_NN1 loading_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ suggests_VVZ that_CST no_AT confinement_NN1 was_VBDZ provided_VVN ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ deemed_VVN that_CST dynamic_JJ disturbances_NN2 are_VBR considered_VVN to_TO have_VHI a_AT1 very_RG obvious_JJ triggering_VVG effect_NN1 on_II rockburst_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT dynamic_JJ spalling_NN1 of_IO the_AT surrounding_JJ rock_NN1 could_VM be_VBI one_MC1 mechanism_NN1 of_IO rockburst_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT inclined_JJ angles_NN2 are90°_FO and_CC 100°_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
Larger_JJR thermal_JJ efficiency_NN1 was_VBDZ obtained_VVN for_IF nanofluids_NN2 (_( Al2O3_FO 50.34%_FO ;_; TiO2_FO 46.10%_FO ;_; and_CC CuO_NP1 43.81%_FO )_) compared_VVN to_II pure_JJ fluid_NN1 (_( 37.78%_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT bands_NN2 were_VBDR validated_VVN with_IW data_NN from_II Bhinderwala_NP1 (_( 1995_MC )_) and_CC tornado_NN1 damage_NN1 data_NN from_II Hart_NP1 (_( 1976_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, BID6_FO has_VHZ the_AT best_JJT possible_JJ outcome_NN1 of_IO all_DB scenarios_NN2 ,_, costing_VVG $2.37B_NNU (_( all_DB costs_NN2 are_VBR in_II $2011_NNU )_) for_IF transport_NN1 and_CC storage_NN1 infrastructure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 experiments_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN in_II sleeping_JJ chamber_NN1 ;_; they_PPHS2 investigated_VVD the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO air_NN1 temperature_NN1 or_CC air_NN1 temperature_NN1 transients_NN2 on_II sleep_NN1 quality_NN1 in_II healthy_JJ human_JJ subjects_NN2 &lsqb;_( 6,7_MC ,_, &lsqb;_( 31_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, we_PPIS2 can_VM conclude_VVI that_CST the_AT detected_JJ fault_NN1 is_VBZ related_VVN to_II a_AT1 faulty_JJ module_NN1 in_II the_AT string_NN1 (_( short-circuited_JJ PV_NN1 module_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT results_NN2 of_IO this_DD1 approach_NN1 would_VM be_VBI more_RGR accurate_JJ if_CS the_AT data_NN of_IO train_NN1 configuration_NN1 are_VBR available_JJ over_II different_JJ time_NNT1 periods_NN2 ._. 
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Guaranteeing_VVG privacy_NN1 of_IO personal_JJ data_NN circulating_VVG in_II the_AT Internet_NN1 ,_, from_II sources_NN2 ranging_VVG from_II smart_JJ sensors_NN2 to_II communication_NN1 networks_NN2 ,_, data_NN centers_NN2 ,_, or_CC the_AT cloud_NN1 is_VBZ another_DD1 critical_JJ issue_NN1 that_CST requires_VVZ attention_NN1 and_CC limits_VVZ the_AT scope_NN1 of_IO applying_VVG Data_NN Science_NN1 to_II all_DB available_JJ environmental_JJ data_NN ._. 
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<s>
For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, for_IF the_AT water_NN1 infrastructure_NN1 sector_NN1 ,_, system_NN1 condition_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN as_CSA one_MC1 of_IO the_AT parent_NN1 nodes_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ noted_VVN that_CST for_IF the_AT investigated_JJ low-density_JJ range_NN1 the_AT strength_NN1 is_VBZ considerably_RR affected_VVN by_II the_AT foaming_JJ agent_NN1 nature_NN1 (_( synthetic_JJ versus_II protein_NN1 )_) ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ slightly_RR different_JJ from_II the_AT results_NN2 reported_VVN in_II the_AT relevant_JJ literature_NN1 corresponding_VVG to_TO foam_VVI concrete_JJ specimens_NN2 having_VHG medium-to-high_JJ densities_NN2 &lsqb;_( 27_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT moving_JJ window_NN1 length_NN1 is_VBZ set_VVN as_CSA 10_MC ._. 
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The_AT deployment_NN1 of_IO online_JJ SHM_NP1 systems_NN2 on_II infrastructures_NN2 allows_VVZ structural_JJ operators_NN2 and_CC asset_NN1 managers_NN2 to_II rate_NN1 the_AT structural_JJ performance_NN1 in_II real_JJ time_NNT1 and_CC conduct_VV0 maintenance_NN1 and_CC rehabilitation_NN1 in_II a_AT1 timely_JJ manner_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT monitored_JJ structural_JJ condition_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_NN1 outlines_NN2 the_AT following_JJ elements_NN2 :_: (_( i_ZZ1 )_) apparatus_NN1 to_TO be_VBI used_VVN ;_; (_( ii_MC )_) calibration_NN1 and_CC installation_NN1 procedures_NN2 ;_; (_( iii_MC )_) data_NN processing_NN1 techniques_NN2 ;_; (_( iv_MC )_) correction_NN1 of_IO systematic_JJ errors_NN2 ;_; and_CC (_( v_ZZ1 )_) reporting_VVG format_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT fatigue_NN1 damage_NN1 distributions_NN2 in_II the_AT vicinity_NN1 (_( in_II purple_JJ color_NN1 )_) of_IO the_AT weld_NN1 joint_NN1 at_II three_MC loading_NN1 cycles_NN2 are_VBR plotted_VVN ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, they_PPHS2 are_VBR less_DAR labor_NN1 intensive_JJ and_CC highly_RR costeffective_JJ ._. 
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A_AT1 large_JJ number_NN1 of_IO red_JJ mud_NN1 is_VBZ difficult_JJ to_TO get_VVI full_JJ and_CC effective_JJ use_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Submitted_VVN by_II T._NP1 Sinnige_NP1 (_( T.Sinnige@tudelft.nl_FO )_) ,_, D._NP1 Ragni_NP1 ,_, G._NP1 Eitelberg_NP1 and_CC L._NP1 L._NP1 M._NN1 Veldhuis_NP1 ,_, Delft_NP1 University_NN1 of_IO Technology_NN1 ,_, The_AT Netherlands_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 system_NN1 ,_, the_AT risk_NN1 level_NN1 is_VBZ divided_VVN into_II four_MC levels_NN2 as_CSA high_JJ ,_, middle-high_JJ ,_, middle-low_JJ and_CC low_JJ risk_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, the_AT following_JJ batch_NN1 tests_NN2 using_VVG real_JJ sludge_NN1 or_CC synthetic_JJ wastewaters_NN2 were_VBDR operated_VVN to_TO assess_VVI the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO cPAM_NN1 on_II the_AT processes_NN2 of_IO solubilization_NN1 ,_, hydrolysis_NN1 ,_, acidogenesis_NN1 ,_, and_CC methanogenesis_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT total_JJ length_NN1 of_IO SMA_NP1 cable_NN1 restrainers_NN2 is_VBZ the_AT smallest_JJT ,_, and_CC they_PPHS2 are_VBR more_RGR efficient_JJ in_II limiting_VVG the_AT relative_JJ displacement_NN1 compared_VVN with_IW elastic_NN1 restrain_VV0 devices_NN2 ._. 
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Recently_RR ,_, MBBR_NP1 has_VHZ been_VBN increasingly_RR applied_VVN in_II WWTPs_NP1 in_II China_NP1 ,_, especially_RR following_VVG A/A/O_ZZ1 to_TO enhance_VVI nitrification_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 executed_VVD the_AT coupled_JJ model_NN1 on_II up_RG21 to_RG22 10_MC HPC_NP1 nodes/MPI_NN2 processes_VVZ to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT benefits_NN2 of_IO devoting_VVG more_RGR computing_JJ resources_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT other_JJ cations_NN2 were_VBDR determined_VVN by_II inductively_RR coupled_VVN plasma-optical_JJ emission_NN1 spectroscopy_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT relative_JJ increase_NN1 in_II compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO concrete_NN1 containing_VVG CRT_NP1 glass_NN1 is_VBZ obviously_RR larger_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO the_AT control_NN1 concrete_NN1 under_II sulfate_NN1 attack_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT model_NN1 of_IO removing_VVG the_AT temporary_JJ lining_NN1 is_VBZ equivalent_JJ to_II applying_VVG forces_NN2 N1_FO and_CC N2_FO on_II the_AT bedded-beam_JJ model_NN1 without_IW the_AT temporary_JJ lining_NN1 and_CC the_AT ground_NN1 pressure_NN1 ,_, as_CSA illustrated_VVN in_II Fig.5c_FO ._. 
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And_CC based_VVN on_II the_AT frequency_NN1 of_IO opening_VVG windows_NN2 ,_, they_PPHS2 classified_VVD survey_NN1 objects_NN2 into_II three_MC categories_NN2 :_: habitual_JJ closers_NN2 ,_, adjusters_NN2 and_CC leave_VV0 openers_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT effect_NN1 of_IO thermal_JJ damage_NN1 on_II the_AT strength_NN1 and_CC Young_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 modulus_NN1 of_IO different_JJ rock_NN1 types_NN2 has_VHZ been_VBN extensively_RR studied_VVN (_( Du_FW et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2004_MC ,_, Fang_NN1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2005_MC ,_, Qin_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC ,_, Zhang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC ,_, Keshavarz_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC ,_, Chen_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2012_MC ,_, Brotóns_NN2 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC ,_, Franzoni_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC ,_, Liu_NP1 and_CC Xu_NP1 ,_, 2014_MC ,_, Peng_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Total_JJ operational_JJ cost_NN1 for_IF 2030_MC including_II potable_JJ water_NN1 treatment_NN1 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II Table_NN1 5_MC ._. 
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<s>
Here_RL ,_, gravitational_JJ effects_NN2 were_VBDR ignored_VVN and_CC we_PPIS2 applied_VVD a_AT1 pressure_NN1 drop_NN1 of_IO 0.1_MC Pa/m_NNU between_II the_AT flow_NN1 inlet_NN1 and_CC outlet_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 schematic_JJ of_IO the_AT uncontrolled_JJ model_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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From_II stage_NN1 2_MC to_II 4_MC ,_, ground_NN1 surface_NN1 settlements_NN2 exhibit_VV0 concave_JJ curves_NN2 corresponding_VVG to_II deep_JJ inward_JJ wall_NN1 movement_NN1 patterns_NN2 as_CSA explained_VVN in_II Ou_FW et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 15_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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At_II higher_JJR pressure_NN1 less_RGR measured_JJ values_NN2 are_VBR situated_VVN away_II21 from_II22 main_JJ body_NN1 of_IO 25-75%_FO range_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
With_IW the_AT above_JJ in_II mind_NN1 ,_, Franchin_NP1 and_CC Pinto15-17_MC set_VVD out_RP to_TO propose_VVI an_AT1 explicitly_RR probabilistic_JJ yet_RR affordable_JJ (_( meaning_NN1 ,_, in_II the_AT context_NN1 of_IO modern_JJ computeraided_JJ engineering_NN1 ,_, that_CST its_APPGE application_NN1 involves_VVZ ,_, once_RR implemented_VVN within_II a_AT1 computer_NN1 code_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 low_JJ computational_JJ effort_NN1 )_) ,_, gradientbased_JJ method_NN1 for_IF the_AT PBSD_NP1 of_IO framed_JJ RC_NP1 structures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT scaling_NN1 factor_NN1 of_IO soil_NN1 density_NN1 was_VBDZ fixed_VVN as_CSA 1.0_MC to_TO make_VVI the_AT prototype_NN1 soil_NN1 applicable_JJ in_II shaking_VVG table_NN1 test_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ subsequently_RR resulted_VVN in_II a_AT1 low_JJ effective_JJ stress_NN1 in_II model_NN1 test_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Since_CS in_II the_AT fully_RR coupled_VVD 3D_NNU model_NN1 the_AT fluid_NN1 flow_NN1 in_II the_AT rock_NN1 matrix_NN1 is_VBZ described_VVN by_II the_AT real_JJ porous_JJ seepage_NN1 ,_, some_DD problems_NN2 that_CST exist_VV0 in_II the_AT equivalent_JJ approach_NN1 are_VBR avoided_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT threshold_NN1 values_NN2 of_IO three_MC relative_JJ displacement_NN1 angles_NN2 are_VBR 1=6.8×104_FO ,_, 2=12×104_FO ,_, and_CC ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 underestimates_VVZ the_AT anti-overturning_JJ ability_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 bridge_NN1 ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT criterion_NN1 that_CST no_AT support_NN1 disengagement_NN1 occurs_VVZ under_II overloading_VVG conditions_NN2 ._. 
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All_DB computations_NN2 were_VBDR done_VDN using_VVG the_AT statistical_JJ software_NN1 R_ZZ1 (_( ver_NN1 ._. 
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Results_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Figure_NN1 20_MC ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, despite_II this_DD1 connection_NN1 ,_, the_AT bridge_NN1 still_RR behaves_VVZ as_CS21 if_CS22 it_PPH1 is_VBZ consisted_VVN of_IO a_AT1 series_NN of_IO simply-supported_JJ beams_NN2 under_II the_AT vertical_JJ loads_NN2 ,_, provided_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT slab_NN1 is_VBZ sufficiently_RR flexible_JJ to_TO accommodate_VVI the_AT rotations_NN2 of_IO the_AT adjacent_JJ deck_NN1 segments_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT adaptive_JJ thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 theory_NN1 was_VBDZ the_AT basis_NN1 for_IF the_AT Dutch_JJ regulatory_JJ document_NN1 ISSO_NN1 74_MC ._. 
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<s>
Asphalt_NN1 binder_NN1 was_VBDZ first_MD heated_VVN up_RG21 to_RG22 185°C_NNU till_CS it_PPH1 became_VVD liquid_NN1 ._. 
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Otherwise_RR ,_, depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT strain_NN1 ,_, the_AT same_DA species_NN can_VM either_RR accumulate_VVI lipids_NN2 or_CC carbohydrates_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
First_MD ,_, a_AT1 model_NN1 that_CST couples_NN2 storm_VV0 surge_NN1 exposure_NN1 ,_, fragility_NN1 modeling_NN1 ,_, and_CC social_JJ vulnerability_NN1 of_IO communities_NN2 is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT effectiveness_NN1 and_CC economic_JJ viability_NN1 of_IO engineering-based_JJ measures_NN2 to_TO reduce_VVI spill_NN1 risks_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 filling_VVG ASTs_NN2 with_IW liquid_NN1 ,_, anchoring_VVG them_PPHO2 to_II the_AT ground_NN1 ,_, changing_VVG their_APPGE stiffness_NN1 ,_, or_CC protecting_VVG them_PPHO2 with_IW dikes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT response_NN1 predictions_NN2 were_VBDR obtained_VVN using_VVG proposed_JJ equation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO block_VVI the_AT outward_JJ migration_NN1 of_IO dust_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 multi-radial_JJ swirling_JJ flow_NN1 generator_NN1 (_( hereinafter_RR referred_VVN to_II as_CSA "_" generator_NN1 "_" )_) capable_JJ of_IO blowing_VVG air_NN1 toward_II multiple_JJ radial_JJ directions_NN2 (_( as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 )_) is_VBZ developed_VVN by_II Shandong_NP1 University_NN1 of_IO Science_NN1 and_CC Technology_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, these_DD2 models_NN2 are_VBR computationally_RR very_RG expensive_JJ ,_, and_CC therefore_RR ,_, the_AT major_JJ challenge_NN1 in_II the_AT future_NN1 will_VM be_VBI implementing_VVG these_DD2 models_NN2 in_II the_AT analysis_NN1 of_IO whole-bridge_JJ structures_NN2 under_II various_JJ loading_NN1 scenarios_NN2 (_( traffic_NN1 ,_, trains_NN2 ,_, earthquakes_NN2 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Then_RT ,_, bound_VVD water_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 minor_JJ effect_NN1 on_II the_AT hydraulic_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO most_DAT near-surface_JJ sediments_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 linear_JJ variable_JJ differential_JJ transformer_NN1 in_II parallel_NN1 is_VBZ employed_VVN to_TO sense_VVI the_AT displacement_NN1 response_NN1 of_IO the_AT piston_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT values_NN2 were_VBDR computed_VVN using_VVG the_AT current_JJ model_NN1 and_CC compared_VVN with_IW previous_JJ models_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, despite_II the_AT slightly_RR higher_JJR initial_JJ sulfate_NN1 content_NN1 for_IF PC_NN1 than_CSN LC3-50_MC blends_NN2 ,_, the_AT ettringite_NN1 content_NN1 is_VBZ slightly_RR higher_JJR for_IF LC3-50_MC blends_NN2 than_CSN for_IF PC_NN1 at_II late_JJ ages_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT total_JJ MP_NN1 concentration_NN1 in_II the_AT excess_JJ sludge_NN1 was_VBDZ significantly_RR correlated_VVN with_IW the_AT SRT_NP1 (_( r_ZZ1 =_FO 0.750_MC ,_, p<0.05_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
Compared_VVN to_II laser_NN1 vibrometers_NN2 ,_, digital_JJ cameras_NN2 are_VBR low-cost_JJ and_CC capable_JJ to_TO make_VVI simultaneous_JJ full-field_JJ measurements_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Reduced_JJ soil_NN1 modulus_NN1 for_IF the_AT 69%_NNU &;_NULL 69%_NNU case_NN1 initially_RR leads_VVZ to_II higher_JJR relative_JJ pipe_NN1 stiffness_NN1 ,_, and_CC so_RR lower_JJR curvatures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
He_PPHS1 stresses_VVZ that_CST the_AT continuity_NN1 of_IO lifelines_NN2 is_VBZ important_JJ for_IF the_AT mitigation_NN1 of_IO disaster_NN1 impacts_NN2 ,_, not_XX least_RRT because_CS interdependencies_NN2 among_II different_JJ lifeline_NN1 systems_NN2 make_VV0 it_PPH1 difficult_JJ to_TO determine_VVI the_AT consequences_NN2 of_IO outage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Typically_RR ,_, the_AT as-prepared_JJ GO_NN1 with_IW the_AT desired_JJ addition_NN1 weight_NN1 ratios_NN2 (_( 5%_NNU and_CC 10%_NNU )_) was_VBDZ dispersed_VVN in_II a_AT1 25mL_NNU ethanol_NN1 solution_NN1 by_II ultrasonication_NN1 ,_, and_CC then_RT 0.3g_NNU BVO_NN1 was_VBDZ added_VVN into_II the_AT solution_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, the_AT diamond-shaped_JJ openings_NN2 in_II these_DD2 plates_NN2 are_VBR known_VVN to_TO increase_VVI the_AT deformation_NN1 capacity_NN1 of_IO the_AT plate_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ in_II turn_NN1 is_VBZ expected_VVN to_TO increase_VVI the_AT deformation_NN1 capacity_NN1 ,_, ductility_NN1 and_CC energy_NN1 absorption_NN1 capacity_NN1 of_IO the_AT strengthened_JJ wall_NN1 to_II a_AT1 greater_JJR extent_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II Sections_NN2 3_MC ,_, the_AT motivations_NN2 of_IO this_DD1 study_NN1 are_VBR given_VVN and_CC the_AT novel_JJ ICF-guided_NN1 VMD_NP1 method_NN1 for_IF feature_NN1 extraction_NN1 of_IO weak_JJ local_JJ damages_NN2 is_VBZ proposed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Within_II the_AT parallel_JJ framework_NN1 of_IO solid_JJ mechanics_NN2 ,_, the_AT homogenization_NN1 techniques_NN2 are_VBR adopted_VVN to_TO describe_VVI the_AT average_JJ flux_NN1 of_IO mechanical_JJ elastic_JJ energy_NN1 flowing_VVG in_II periodic_JJ micro-architectured_JJ materials_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 paper_NN1 presents_VVZ the_AT results_NN2 of_IO an_AT1 experimental_JJ study_NN1 on_II the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO shear-critical_JJ RC_NP1 beams_NN2 strengthened_VVN with_IW carbon_NN1 FRCM_NP1 (_( CFRCM_NP1 )_) composite_JJ systems_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
FKS_NP1 is_VBZ used_VVN because_CS it_PPH1 measures_VVZ the_AT agreement_NN1 of_IO land-use_NN1 transitions_NN2 ,_, and_CC hence_RR includes_VVZ an_AT1 implicit_JJ baseline_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 validate_VV0 the_AT constructed_JJ model_NN1 with_IW fault-free_JJ data_NN from_II the_AT GCPV_NP1 system_NN1 described_VVN by_II Fig._NN1 3_MC ,_, from_II two_MC days_NNT2 of_IO different_JJ conditions_NN2 :_: cloudy_JJ sky_NN1 (_( May_NPM1 11_MC ,_, 2017_MC )_) and_CC clear_JJ sky_NN1 (_( May_NPM1 06_MC ,_, 2017_MC )_) days_NNT2 '_NULL conditions_NN2 (_( see_VV0 Fig._NN1 8_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 9_MC ,_, respectively_RR )_) ._. 
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<s>
Wind_NN1 speed_NN1 has_VHZ at_RR21 least_RR22 three_MC times_NNT2 the_AT influence_NN1 on_II the_AT likelihood_NN1 of_IO being_VBG in_II a_AT1 given_JJ damage_NN1 state_NN1 than_CSN any_DD individual_JJ building_NN1 attribute_NN1 considered_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ._. 
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Organic_JJ carbon_NN1 concentrations_NN2 are_VBR within_II a_AT1 range_NN1 typically_RR expected_VVN for_IF drinking_VVG water_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Table_NN1 1_MC1 also_RR shows_VVZ that_CST the_AT addition_NN1 of_IO FA_NP1 significantly_RR inhibited_VVD the_AT sulfate-reducing_JJ process_NN1 as_RR21 well_RR22 since_CS FA_NP1 decreased_VVD both_RR the_AT hydrogen_NN1 consumption_NN1 and_CC sulfate_NN1 degradation_NN1 (_( H2-SO42-_NP1 Test_NN1 )_) ._. 
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However_RR ,_, for_IF ventilation_NN1 impact_NN1 ,_, trunk_NN1 height_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 stronger_JJR effect_NN1 than_CSN foliage_NN1 density_NN1 and_CC tree_NN1 height_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT loading_NN1 effect_NN1 also_RR could_VM be_VBI partially_RR explained_VVN by_II dilution_NN1 ;_; as_II As_CSA is_VBZ adsorbed_VVN ,_, the_AT concentration_NN1 of_IO As_CSA in_II the_AT solution_NN1 decreases_VVZ ,_, hence_RR there_EX is_VBZ less_DAR adsorption_NN1 of_IO As_CSA per_II gram_NNU1 of_IO ZVI_NP1 ,_, however_RRQV dilution_NN1 can_VM not_XX explain_VVI all_DB of_IO the_AT loading_NN1 effect_NN1 in_II our_APPGE study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
If_CS the_AT lattice_NN1 possesses_VVZ only_RR rotational_JJ symmetries_NN2 ,_, without_IW any_DD reflection_NN1 axis_NN1 ,_, the_AT probability_NN1 that_CST extrema_NN1 are_VBR not_XX located_VVN on_II the_AT contour_NN1 or_CC that_CST the_AT band-gaps_NN2 are_VBR not_XX full_JJ is_VBZ high_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Our_APPGE recently_RR developed_VVD MCMC_NP1 algorithm26-29_MC is_VBZ applied_VVN in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 to_TO draw_VVI samples_NN2 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT posterior_JJ PDF_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 leaves_VVZ the_AT tendons_NN2 separated_VVN with_IW the_AT concrete_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT possible_JJ yielding_JJ of_IO tendons_NN2 during_II strong_JJ earthquakes_NN2 can_VM thus_RR be_VBI delayed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 stiffened_JJ DCM_NP1 (_( SDCM_NP1 )_) pile_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 composite_JJ DCM_NP1 pile_NN1 consisting_VVG of_IO a_AT1 DCM_NP1 socket_NN1 and_CC stiffened_JJ core_NN1 to_TO reinforce_VVI the_AT pile_NN1 at_II shallow_JJ depths_NN2 (_( or_CC pile_NN1 head_NN1 )_) as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1b_FO ._. 
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<s>
The_AT substrate_NN1 was_VBDZ heated_VVN with_IW different_JJ temperature_NN1 (_( 25-300°C_FO )_) and_CC rotated_VVD to_TO ensure_VVI uniform_JJ coating_NN1 throughout_II the_AT deposition_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Through_II the_AT calculation_NN1 model_NN1 implemented_VVN in_II EnergyPlus_NN1 they_PPHS2 obtained_VVD the_AT conductive_JJ heat_NN1 flux_NN1 through_II the_AT inner_JJ surface_NN1 and_CC considering_VVG an_AT1 equivalent_JJ external_JJ temperature_NN1 they_PPHS2 calculated_VVD the_AT equivalent_JJ dynamic_JJ thermal_JJ transmittance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
DLA_NP1 is_VBZ a_AT1 practical_JJ concept_NN1 where_CS the_AT expected_JJ response_NN1 is_VBZ looked_VVN upon_II as_RG structural_JJ characteristic_NN1 rather_II21 than_II22 a_AT1 numerical_JJ result_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, increasing_VVG the_AT surface_NN1 area_NN1 of_IO packing_NN1 is_VBZ considered_VVN as_II the_AT most_RGT suitable_JJ option_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT Mellapak_NP1 350Y_FO packing_NN1 was_VBDZ chosen_VVN for_IF the_AT scaled-up_JJ model_NN1 because_II21 of_II22 the_AT better_JJR capture_NN1 efficiency_NN1 (_( Chemtech_NP1 Sulzer_NP1 Chemtech_NP1 ,_, 2010_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Other_II21 than_II22 the_AT DAEM_NN1 ,_, there_EX are_VBR two_MC conventional_JJ construction_NN1 methods_NN2 that_CST consider_VV0 the_AT time-space_JJ effect_NN1 and_CC are_VBR also_RR available_JJ for_IF deep_JJ excavation_NN1 above_II metro_NN1 tunnels_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT sample_NN1 at_II this_DD1 void_JJ ratio_NN1 can_VM not_XX only_RR suffer_VVI from_II collapse_NN1 failure_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 7_MC ,_, but_CCB also_RR ensure_VV0 the_AT presence_NN1 of_IO great_JJ brittleness_NN1 index_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ a_AT1 reasonable_JJ number_NN1 of_IO records_NN2 for_IF performing_VVG the_AT MSA_NP1 (_( see_VV0 Jalayer_NP1 et_NP1 al14_FO )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 methodology_NN1 based_VVN on_II a_AT1 discrete_JJ numerical_JJ model_NN1 is_VBZ introduced_VVN to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT initiation_NN1 and_CC development_NN1 of_IO suffusion_NN1 as_RG well_RR as_CSA to_TO analyze_VVI its_APPGE effects_NN2 on_II the_AT soil_NN1 mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 ._. 
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Additionally_RR ,_, this_DD1 model_NN1 omits_VVZ the_AT mass_JJ dependency_NN1 for_IF the_AT whole_JJ velocity_NN1 range_NN1 ._. 
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Most_RGT importantly_RR ,_, it_PPH1 does_VDZ not_XX start_VVI from_II cumulated_JJ energy_NN1 profiles_NN2 ,_, but_CCB from_II the_AT simulation_NN1 of_IO specific_JJ events_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
By_II taking_VVG a_AT1 pessimistic_JJ mindset_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 could_VM be_VBI argued_VVN that_DD1 building_NN1 owners_NN2 and_CC researchers_NN2 in_II this_DD1 area_NN1 could_VM select_VVI less_RGR self-sufficient_JJ or_CC sustainable_JJ methods_NN2 to_TO achieve_VVI some_DD form_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 NZEB_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 showed_VVD the_AT concept_NN1 is_VBZ feasible_JJ ,_, and_CC significant_JJ ductility_NN1 can_VM be_VBI achieved_VVN ._. 
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P-values_NN2 comparing_VVG the_AT assessments_NN2 for_IF the_AT strategies_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 frame_VV0 the_AT design_NN1 of_IO management_NN1 policies_NN2 over_II multiple_JJ timescales_NN2 as_II a_AT1 simulation-optimization_JJ problem_NN1 in_II which_DDQ the_AT policy_NN1 is_VBZ represented_VVN as_II a_AT1 binary_JJ tree_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF this_DD1 ,_, a_AT1 6_MC mm_NNU thick_JJ slice_NN1 (_( diameter_NN1 :_: 23_MC mm_NNU )_) was_VBDZ cut_VVN off_II each_DD1 cured_JJ cement_NN1 paste_NN1 sample_NN1 ._. 
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UHI_NP1 negatively_RR influences_VVZ outdoor_JJ comfort_NN1 conditions_NN2 as_RG well_RR as_CSA induces_VVZ a_AT1 more_DAR use_NN1 of_IO air_NN1 conditioning_NN1 systems_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 raise_NN1 of_IO peak_NN1 electricity_NN1 demand_NN1 ._. 
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One_MC1 argument_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST by_II focusing_VVG on_II known_JJ risks_NN2 and_CC probabilities_NN2 ,_, policymakers_NN2 can_VM mainstream_JJ practices_NN2 that_CST will_VM over_II time_NNT1 develop_VV0 an_AT1 institutional_JJ adaptive_JJ capacity_NN1 for_IF long-term_JJ adaptation_NN1 that_CST will_VM respond_VVI by_II advancing_JJ periodic_JJ moments_NN2 of_IO resiliency_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT hidden_JJ caves_NN2 are_VBR under_II the_AT highway_NN1 road_NN1 beds_NN2 or_CC terrace_NN1 fields_NN2 ,_, then_RT beads-shaped_JJ sink_NN1 holes_NN2 may_VM be_VBI formed_VVN ._. 
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CNF_NP1 hold_VV0 promise_VV0 to_TO achieve_VVI similar_JJ increases_NN2 in_II stiffness_NN1 at_II lower_JJR costs_NN2 ._. 
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For_REX21 instance_REX22 ,_, the_AT Monarch_NN1 Butterfly_NN1 Conservation_NN1 Fund_NN1 in_II Mexico_NP1 offered_VVD annual_JJ conservation_JJ payments_NN2 of_IO $12_NNU ha1_FO of_IO forest_NN1 (_( Honey-Rosés_NN2 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC )_) ,_, while_CS the_AT average_JJ carbon_NN1 offset_NN1 price_NN1 in_II the_AT voluntary_JJ carbon_NN1 market_NN1 was_VBDZ $3.30_NNU Mg_FO CO21_FO in_II recent_JJ reports_NN2 ,_, with_IW a_AT1 range_NN1 between_II minimum_NN1 and_CC maximum_JJ prices_NN2 of_IO $21.60_NNU CO21_FO (_( Hamrick_NP1 and_CC Goldstein_NP1 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT objective_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 experimental_JJ laboratory_NN1 investigation_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO determine_VVI the_AT efficacy_NN1 of_IO MICP-treatment_JJ to_TO improve_VVI the_AT cyclic_JJ resistance_NN1 of_IO calcareous_JJ sand_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Figure8_FO ,_, 15_MC of_IO the_AT new_JJ patterns_NN2 (_( from_II 21_MC )_) had_VHD a_AT1 low_JJ number_NN1 of_IO occurrences_NN2 and_CC were_VBDR disregarded_VVN ,_, leaving_VVG only_RR three_MC new_JJ patterns_NN2 (_( 4_MC ,_, 5_MC ,_, and_CC 6_MC )_) for_IF further_JJR comparison_NN1 with_IW new_JJ inputs_NN2 ._. 
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Lock-release_JJ experiment_NN1 under_II wind_NN1 velocityU=5.54m/s_FU :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) Response_NN1 of_IO the_AT bridge_NN1 deck_NN1 model_NN1 ;_; (_( b_ZZ1 )_) response_NN1 of_IO SS-PTMD_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT corresponding_JJ setup_NN1 numbers_NN2 1_MC1 ,_, 2_MC ,_, and_CC 3_MC mean_VV0 that_CST this_DD1 sensor_NN1 occupied_VVN the_AT same_DA position_NN1 in_II the_AT first_MD ,_, second_NNT1 ,_, and_CC third_MD setups_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 will_VM be_VBI a_AT1 subject_NN1 of_IO the_AT future_JJ work_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF Stress_NN1 Index_NN1 3_MC ,_, a_AT1 significant_JJ portion_NN1 (_( >40%_FO )_) of_IO the_AT stresses_NN2 were_VBDR less_DAR than_CSN 0_MC ,_, which_DDQ means_VVZ these_DD2 particles_NN2 would_VM not_XX break_VVI in_II a_AT1 crushing_JJ model_NN1 if_CS Stress_NN1 Index_NN1 3_MC was_VBDZ used_VVN in_II the_AT crushing_JJ criterion_NN1 because_CS the_AT particle_NN1 strength_NN1 is_VBZ always_RR larger_JJR than_CSN zero_MC ._. 
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<s>
Here_RL ,_, we_PPIS2 extend_VV0 the_AT analytical_JJ solution_NN1 to_II an_AT1 N-layer_JJ system_NN1 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 7a_FO ._. 
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<s>
With_IW the_AT proposed_JJ model_NN1 ,_, the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT equivalent_JJ shear_VV0 stiffness_NN1 ,_, the_AT location_NN1 of_IO load_NN1 application_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT rotational_JJ stiffness_NN1 of_IO the_AT joint_JJ between_II tunnel_NN1 and_CC station_NN1 on_II the_AT longitudinal_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 structure_NN1 are_VBR discussed_VVN ._. 
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The_AT intergranular_JJ microaggregates_NN2 bonding_VVG the_AT quartz_NN1 ,_, feldspar_NN1 and_CC other_JJ particles_NN2 result_VV0 in_II cementation_NN1 bods_VVZ in_II the_AT Malan_JJ Loess_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ constitutes_VVZ the_AT main_JJ part_NN1 of_IO the_AT cohesion_NN1 (_( Dijkstra_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2000_MC ,_, Jiang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC ,_, Jiang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC ,_, Zhang_NP1 and_CC Qu_NP1 ,_, 2004_MC ,_, Zhang_NP1 and_CC Qu_NP1 ,_, 2005_MC )_) ._. 
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Such_DA limitations_NN2 are_VBR necessarily_RR left_VVN to_TO be_VBI addressed_VVN in_II future_JJ research_NN1 ._. 
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Some_DD factors_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 gas_NN1 flow_NN1 rates_NN2 ,_, NPs_NP1 type_NN1 ,_, NF_NP1 temperature_NN1 ,_, NP_NP1 concentration_NN1 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO particle_NN1 size_NN1 on_II the_AT separation_NN1 were_VBDR investigated_VVN ._. 
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For_IF the_AT fabrication_NN1 of_IO the_AT cubes_NN2 ,_, the_AT concrete_NN1 was_VBDZ placed_VVN in_II four_MC layers_NN2 of_IO approximately_RR equal_JJ thickness_NN1 ,_, and_CC each_DD1 layer_NN1 was_VBDZ tapped_VVN 25_MC times_NNT2 with_IW a_AT1 16-mm-diameter_JJ rod_NN1 ._. 
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Long-term_JJ filtration_NN1 efficiencies_NN2 and_CC pressure_NN1 drops_NN2 of_IO cEAA_NN1 coarse_JJ filter_NN1 installed_VVN with_IW Filter_NN1 #8_NNU ._. 
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The_AT oxidation_NN1 process_NN1 was_VBDZ carried_VVN out_RP by_II adding_VVG 20mL_NNU of_IO aqueous_JJ 0.05M_NNU Fe(II)_JJ solution_NN1 and_CC 20mL_NNU of_IO 30%_NNU hydrogen_NN1 peroxide_NN1 (_( H2O2_FO )_) to_II the_AT dried_JJ samples_NN2 ._. 
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Scheme_NN1 of_IO the_AT Pandal(r)_NN1 system_NN1 (_( courtesy_NN1 of_IO DLC_NP1 Consulting_NN1 )_) ._. 
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Compilation_NN1 of_IO the_AT data_NN from_II literature_NN1 reporting_VVG the_AT corrosion_NN1 rate_NN1 icorr_NN1 and_CC the_AT electrical_JJ resistance_NN1 or_CC the_AT resistivity_NN1 of_IO the_AT material_NN1 R_ZZ1 in_II the_AT log(icorr)_NN1 vs_II log(R)_NN1 plot_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT tensile_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT mortared_JJ joint_NN1 considered_VVN for_IF the_AT numerical_JJ models_NN2 proposed_VVN in_II what_DDQ follows_VVZ ,_, instead_RR ,_, does_VDZ not_XX make_VVI use_NN1 of_IO the_AT softening_JJ branch_NN1 ._. 
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In_II the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 simple_JJ equation_NN1 ,_, proposed_VVN by_II the_AT authors_NN2 in_II their_APPGE earlier_JJR work_NN1 (_( Siddiqui_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2014_MC )_) for_IF predicting_VVG the_AT slenderness_NN1 limit_NN1 of_IO FRP-strengthened_JJ RC_NP1 circular_JJ columns_NN2 ,_, is_VBZ experimentally_RR verified_VVN for_IF square_JJ columns_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Previous_JJ studies_NN2 &lsqb;_( 11_MC &rsqb;_) found_VVD that_CST with_IW only_JJ 0.5%_FO of_IO nanoclay_NN1 addition_NN1 over_II cement_NN1 ,_, the_AT static_JJ yield_NN1 stress_NN1 increases_VVZ three_MC times_NNT2 ._. 
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<s>
Any_DD opinions_NN2 ,_, findings_NN2 ,_, and_CC conclusions_NN2 are_VBR those_DD2 of_IO the_AT authors_NN2 and_CC do_VD0 not_XX necessarily_RR reflect_VVI the_AT views_NN2 or_CC policies_NN2 of_IO the_AT NSF_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT tunnel_NN1 excavation_NN1 and_CC initial_JJ lining_NN1 had_VHD been_VBN done_VDN on_II April_NPM1 10_MC ,_, 2017_MC ._. 
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In_II both_DB2 case_NN1 studies_NN2 ,_, the_AT landslide_NN1 body_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 high_JJ length-thickness_JJ ratio_NN1 in_II conformity_NN1 with_IW the_AT infinite_JJ slope_NN1 assumption_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 study_NN1 draws_VVZ metaphors_NN2 ,_, themes_NN2 ,_, and_CC concepts_NN2 from_II existing_JJ literature_NN1 on_II emergency_NN1 governance_NN1 structure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Modular_JJ compact_JJ adsorption_NN1 bed_NN1 is_VBZ consist_VV0 of_IO 19_MC small_JJ fin-tube_JJ units_NN2 defined_VVN as_CSA standard_JJ components_NN2 ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, the_AT initial_JJ temperature_NN1 distribution_NN1 of_IO the_AT steel_NN1 box-girder_NN1 in_II Fig._NN1 6_MC is_VBZ valid_JJ ._. 
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In_II the_AT FTA_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 fourth_MD and_CC final_JJ round_NN1 in_II 2016_MC ,_, it_PPH1 allocated_VVD $835million_NNU to_II recovery_NN1 projects_NN2 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, "_" C_ZZ1 "_" describes_VVZ the_AT FRCM_NP1 strengthening_NN1 schemes_NN2 (_( I_ZZ1 and_CC II_MC )_) as_CSA will_VM be_VBI detailed_VVN in_II the_AT following_JJ sections_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO tackle_VVI this_DD1 problem_NN1 ,_, Lv_MC et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 15_MC &rsqb;_) modified_VVD the_AT S-N_NN1 fatigue_NN1 equation_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT actual_JJ stress_NN1 ratio_NN1 and_CC the_AT direct_JJ tensile_JJ fatigue_NN1 test_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ connect_VV0 the_AT stress_NN1 states_VVZ to_II fatigue_NN1 equation_NN1 ._. 
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Two_MC glass_NN1 fibre_NN1 reinforced_VVD polymer_NN1 (_( GFRP_NP1 )_) skins_NN2 with_IW 5_MC mm_NNU thickness_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 are_VBR placed_VVN horizontally_RR at_II the_AT top_NN1 and_CC bottom_NN1 of_IO the_AT vertical_JJ sandwich_NN1 panels_NN2 to_TO increase_VVI the_AT bending_NN1 stiffness_NN1 of_IO the_AT section_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ because_CS the_AT water/ash_NN1 ratio_NN1 affects_VVZ the_AT volume_NN1 of_IO pores_NN2 and_CC the_AT porosity_NN1 in_II the_AT matrix_NN1 which_DDQ directly_RR influence_VV0 the_AT strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT geopolymer_NN1 concrete_NN1 &lsqb;_( 20_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT convergence_NN1 process_NN1 of_IO HOA_NP1 is_VBZ presented_VVN in_II Figure14_FO ,_, and_CC it_PPH1 has_VHZ converged_VVN when_CS b=30_FO ._. 
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In_II the_AT initial_JJ stage_NN1 ,_, the_AT fins_NN2 increase_VV0 the_AT area_NN1 of_IO heat_NN1 conduction_NN1 ,_, so_RR a_AT1 larger_JJR number_NN1 of_IO fins_NN2 results_NN2 in_II a_AT1 larger_JJR wall_NN1 heat_NN1 flux_NN1 ._. 
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As_II the_AT three-dimensional_JJ fractures_NN2 used_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 comprise_VV0 a_AT1 series_NN of_IO two-dimensional_JJ profiles_NN2 ,_, we_PPIS2 extracted_VVD two-dimensional_JJ fracture_NN1 profiles_NN2 at_II Y_ZZ1 =_FO 0.05_MC m_NNO from_II all_DB 45_MC fractures_NN2 and_CC reconstructed_VVD them_PPHO2 using_VVG six_MC different_JJ grid_NN1 spacings_NN2 from_II 0.1_MC to_II 1.0_MC mm_NNU ._. 
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Chen_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2010_MC )_) reported_VVD that_CST stirrups_NN2 did_VDD not_XX yield_VVI in_II tested_JJ beams_NN2 strengthened_VVN with_IW FRPs_NP1 ,_, raising_VVG a_AT1 concern_NN1 that_CST it_PPH1 might_VM not_XX be_VBI safe_JJ to_TO assume_VVI that_CST the_AT stirrups_NN2 have_VH0 yielded_VVN when_CS calculating_VVG the_AT shear_VV0 strength_NN1 of_IO strengthened_JJ beams_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ demonstrated_VVN ,_, by_II comparing_VVG the_AT results_NN2 to_II IDA_NP1 and_CC other_JJ state_NN1 of_IO the_AT art_NN1 nonlinear_JJ dynamic_JJ procedures_NN2 based_VVN on_II no_AT scaling_NN1 or_CC spectralshapecompatible_JJ scaling_NN1 ,_, that_CST the_AT Cloud_NN1 to_II IDA_NP1 procedure_NN1 leads_VVZ to_II reliable_JJ results_NN2 in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 structural_JJ fragility_NN1 and_CC risk_VV0 for_IF the_AT prescribed_JJ limit_NN1 state_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Each_DD1 technique_NN1 encompasses_VVZ a_AT1 variety_NN1 of_IO input_NN1 information_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 varying_JJ calculations_NN2 or_CC simulation_NN1 models_NN2 along_II21 with_II22 furnishing_VVG contrasting_JJ outcomes_NN2 that_CST suggest_VV0 a_AT1 variety_NN1 of_IO usages_NN2 ._. 
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NFs_NP2 temperature_NN1 is_VBZ controlled_VVN by_II adjusting_VVG the_AT cooling_JJ water_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, a_AT1 numerical_JJ solution_NN1 is_VBZ easily_RR determined_VVN with_IW the_AT aid_NN1 of_IO commercial_JJ software_NN1 ._. 
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Relation_NN1 of_IO long-term_JJ structural_JJ buildup_NN1 to_II hydration_NN1 ._. 
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Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT failure_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 region_NN1 and_CC the_AT vertical_JJ displacement_NN1 of_IO the_AT roof_NN1 cantilever_NN1 ,_, the_AT test_NN1 was_VBDZ ended_VVN a_AT1 few_DA2 cycles_NN2 later_RRR after_II reaching_VVG θ_NULL R=3.5%_FO ._. 
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It_PPH1 also_RR allows_VVZ us_PPIO2 to_TO identify_VVI the_AT interventions_NN2 that_CST may_VM be_VBI made_VVN to_TO enhance_VVI infrastructure_NN1 resilience_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 wave_NN1 packets_NN2 with_IW frequency_NN1 components_NN2 distributed_VVN out_II21 of_II22 the_AT initial_JJ frequency_NN1 band_NN1 possess_VV0 most_DAT of_IO the_AT wave_NN1 energy_NN1 ._. 
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Of_RR21 course_RR22 ,_, any_DD changes_NN2 in_II production_NN1 that_CST could_VM affect_VVI allocation_NN1 of_IO environmental_JJ impacts_NN2 would_VM then_RT need_VVI to_TO be_VBI included_VVN in_II calculation_NN1 of_IO emissions_NN2 generated_VVD ._. 
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The_AT virial_NN1 stresses_NN2 were_VBDR calculated_VVN for_IF every_AT1 atom_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Soil_NN1 damping_NN1 properties_NN2 cx_MC and_CC c_ZZ1 are_VBR selected_VVN such_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT corresponding_JJ damping_NN1 ratio_NN1 is_VBZ x==0.6%_FO ._. 
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As_II the_AT web_NN1 speed_NN1 increases_NN2 ,_, material_NN1 costs_NN2 are_VBR likely_JJ to_TO be_VBI the_AT limiting_JJ factor_NN1 in_II cost_NN1 savings_NN2 ._. 
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Corrosion_NN1 rate_NN1 data_NN of_IO many_DA2 different_JJ binders_NN2 ,_, w/b_ZZ1 ratios_NN2 at_II different_JJ exposure_NN1 conditions_NN2 have_VH0 to_TO be_VBI obtained_VVN in_II a_AT1 short_JJ time_NNT1 ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 would_VM like_VVI to_TO express_VVI their_APPGE gratitude_NN1 to_II Simpson_NP1 Strong-Tie_NP1 and_CC Ruredil_NP1 for_IF donating_VVG the_AT FRCM_NP1 used_VVD in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Table_NN1 2_MC ,_, the_AT number_NN1 of_IO the_AT surface_NN1 grids_NN2 with_IW the_AT scheme_NN1 using_VVG 1-_JJ and_CC 8-m_JJ resolutions_NN2 is_VBZ 13,998,516_MC and_CC 284,768_MC ,_, respectively_RR ,_, which_DDQ means_VVZ 35%_NNU and_CC 45%_NNU reduction_NN1 compared_VVN to_II that_DD1 of_IO uniformly-sized_JJ grids_NN2 ._. 
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In_II any_DD case_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN that_DD1 lighting_NN1 indexes_NN2 are_VBR higher_JJR when_CS compared_VVN to_II the_AT acoustic_NN1 and_CC the_AT thermal_JJ ones_NN2 (_( the_AT minimum_JJ value_NN1 is_VBZ 4.15_MC ,_, on_II the_AT contrary_NN1 for_IF the_AT acoustic_JJ IBN_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ has_VHZ a_AT1 value_NN1 of_IO about_RG 2-3_MCMC )_) ._. 
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Considering_CS a_AT1 given_JJ sample_NN1 of_IO training_NN1 setwhere_RR M_MC stands_NN2 for_IF the_AT total_JJ number_NN1 of_IO sample_NN1 data_NN ,_, and_CC are_VBR the_AT input_NN1 vector_NN1 and_CC the_AT output_NN1 vector_NN1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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In_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO the_AT HSC-S_JJ column_NN1 ,_, pore_NN1 pressure_NN1 develops_VVZ in_II a_AT1 similar_JJ pattern_NN1 as_CSA that_DD1 of_IO the_AT plain_JJ HSC_NP1 column_NN1 ._. 
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Pipeline_NN1 extends_VVZ along_RP x-axis_JJ direction_NN1 is_VBZ horizontal_JJ ,_, the_AT y-axis_JJ direction_NN1 for_IF the_AT axial_JJ direction_NN1 ,_, the_AT z-axis_NN1 direction_NN1 for_IF the_AT vertical_JJ ._. 
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The_AT properties_NN2 of_IO purchased_JJ PP-HFMC_NN1 were_VBDR reported_VVN in_II Table_NN1 2_MC ._. 
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In_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, 2_MC cases_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) a_AT1 frame_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 infill_NN1 indoor_JJ partition_NN1 wall_NN1 and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) an_AT1 indoor_JJ partition_NN1 wall_NN1 connected_VVN at_II its_APPGE ends_NN2 with_IW transversal_JJ outdoor_JJ faade_NN1 walls_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT random_JJ variable_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT earthquake_NN1 ground_NN1 motion_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT randomness_NN1 is_VBZ mainly_RR embodied_VVN in_II the_AT peak_NN1 ground_NN1 acceleration_NN1 (_( PGA_NP1 )_) and_CC the_AT frequency_NN1 spectrum_NN1 distribution_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 3_MC shows_VVZ viscosity_NN1 evolution_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 paste_NN1 described_VVN by_II parameters_NN2 0=0.33_FO ,_, c=0.51_FO ,_, and_CC θ_NULL =322.58_FO ._. 
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The_AT method_NN1 for_IF calculating_VVG particle_NN1 mass_NN1 we_PPIS2 present_VV0 in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 allows_VVZ for_IF estimating_VVG the_AT MP_NN1 mass_NN1 in_II the_AT sample_NN1 rather_II21 than_II22 determining_VVG its_APPGE absolute_JJ value_NN1 ._. 
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Capsules_NN2 with_IW o/w_ZZ1 0.5_MC and_CC 1.0_MC showed_VVD scattered_JJ mechanical_JJ strength_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT highest_JJT elevations_NN2 and_CC steepest_JJT terrain_NN1 are_VBR in_II the_AT south_ND1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT trained_JJ neural_JJ network_NN1 for_IF well_JJ leakage_NN1 prediction_NN1 was_VBDZ also_RR verified_VVN by_II the_AT field_NN1 operation_NN1 in_II the_AT Cranfield_NP1 Field_NP1 ,_, Mississippi_NP1 ,_, USA_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT impact_NN1 of_IO nozzle_NN1 direction_NN1 changes_NN2 on_II the_AT layer_NN1 density_NN1 ,_, causing_VVG underfill_NN1 problems_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 meta-analysis_NN1 offers_VVZ several_DA2 guidelines_NN2 for_IF future_JJ research_NN1 on_II the_AT price_NN1 response_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 demand_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 detailed_JJ discussion_NN1 on_II poor_JJ light_JJ conditions_NN2 during_II a_AT1 UAV_NN1 flight_NN1 and_CC the_AT resulted_VVN artefacts_NN2 on_II the_AT acquired_JJ images_NN2 is_VBZ presented_VVN in_II Whitehead_NP1 and_CC Hugenholtz_NP1 (_( 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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During_II the_AT creation_NN1 of_IO Stage-1_MC1 fractures_NN2 ,_, only_RR the_AT overlapping_JJ parts_NN2 of_IO the_AT fractures_NN2 experience_VV0 turning_VVG ;_; however_RR ,_, the_AT other_JJ end_NN1 propagates_VVZ in_RP almost_RR planar_JJ manner_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Stage-1_MC1 parts_NN2 of_IO Fig._NN1 15b_FO ._. 
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Surprisingly_RR ,_, the_AT TOC_NN1 decay_NN1 for_IF the_AT above_JJ treatments_NN2 showed_VVD that_DD1 mineralization_NN1 was_VBDZ upgraded_VVN in_II the_AT sequence_NN1 EF<EO-H2O2<PEF_FO ,_, as_CSA depicted_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 2b_FO ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, a_AT1 mean_JJ COV_NP1 of_IO 66%_NNU and_CC 25%_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ,_, of_IO the_AT predicted_JJ peak_NN1 roof_NN1 displacement_NN1 and_CC peak_NN1 roof_NN1 acceleration_NN1 ,_, were_VBDR observed_VVN ._. 
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Indeed_RR ,_, the_AT graph_NN1 reported_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 8_MC exhibits_VVZ a_AT1 higher_JJR data_NN variability_NN1 (_( standard_JJ deviations_NN2 )_) provided_VVD by_II FEM_NP1 rather_CS21 than_CS22 LEM_VVI analyses_NN2 for_IF heterogeneous_JJ materials_NN2 ._. 
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Secondly_RR ,_, the_AT CGE_NN1 in_II the_AT proposed_JJ integrated_JJ framework_NN1 has_VHZ the_AT capacity_NN1 to_TO handle_VVI changes_NN2 in_II the_AT labor_NN1 supply_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 fatality_NN1 ,_, injuries_NN2 ,_, or_CC outmigration_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ worth_II exploring_VVG ._. 
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Scenedesmus_NN1 obliquus_NN1 CNW-N_JJ ,_, when_CS cultivated_VVN under_II nitrogen_NN1 stress_NN1 for_IF 5_MC days_NNT2 ,_, accumulated_VVD a_AT1 total_JJ lipid_JJ content_NN1 of_IO 22.4%_FO ,_, rich_JJ in_II C16/C18_JJ fatty_JJ acids_NN2 suitable_JJ for_IF the_AT conversion_NN1 to_TO biodiesel_VVI &lsqb;_( 37_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT fiber-reinforced_JJ walls_NN2 exhibited_VVD a_AT1 stable_JJ hysteretic_JJ response_NN1 with_IW drift_NN1 capacities_NN2 comparable_JJ to_II RC_NP1 specimens_NN2 ,_, despite_II the_AT elimination_NN1 of_IO confinement_NN1 reinforcement_NN1 in_II the_AT boundary_NN1 regions_NN2 of_IO the_AT walls_NN2 ._. 
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Nyquist_NP1 plots_NN2 of_IO CdSe_NP1 sensitized_VVD conventional_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 and_CC porous_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 based_VVN QDSSCs_NP1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 work_NN1 ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT characteristics_NN2 of_IO crustal_JJ stress_NN1 and_CC waterjet_VV0 impact_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 established_VVD an_AT1 experimental_JJ system_NN1 to_TO investigate_VVI waterjet_NN1 impact_NN1 capacity_NN1 and_CC coal_NN1 relaxation_NN1 behavior_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 3_MC plots_NN2 the_AT modes_NN2 of_IO longitudinal_JJ deformation_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 shield_NN1 tunnel_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT transparent_JJ baffle_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO separate_VVI the_AT image_NN1 capturing_VVG device_NN1 from_II the_AT residual_JJ water_NN1 cylinder_NN1 ._. 
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Several_DA2 critical_JJ issues_NN2 are_VBR at_II stake_NN1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 examined_VVD expectations_NN2 of_IO E_ZZ1 (_( y_ZZ1 |_NULL xi_NN1 )_) and_CC E_ZZ1 (_( y_ZZ1 |_NULL xi_NN1 ,_, xj_NNU )_) (_( Fig._NN1 4_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT compressor_NN1 ,_, the_AT increase_NN1 in_II the_AT CO2-enriched_JJ air_NN1 inlet_NN1 temperature_NN1 counteracts_VVZ the_AT previous_JJ effect_NN1 and_CC the_AT reduction_NN1 of_IO the_AT compressor_NN1 outlet_NN1 temperature_NN1 is_VBZ attenuated_VVN ._. 
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Rock_NN1 salt_NN1 covered_VVN by_II the_AT insolubles_NN2 will_VM not_XX be_VBI dissolved_VVN ._. 
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EAUX_NP1 ,_, t_ZZ1 is_VBZ the_AT heat_NN1 production_NN1 from_II auxiliary_JJ heating_NN1 ,_, Ebuffer_NP1 ,_, t_ZZ1 is_VBZ the_AT remaining_JJ energy_NN1 inside_II the_AT storage_NN1 tank_NN1 ,_, Efree_NP1 ,_, t_ZZ1 is_VBZ the_AT remaining_JJ storage_NN1 capacity_NN1 in_II the_AT storage_NN1 tank_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT smaller_JJR the_AT lateral_JJ stress_NN1 ,_, the_AT more_RGR severe_JJ is_VBZ the_AT rockburst_NN1 damage_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT thermal_JJ stability_NN1 of_IO the_AT samples_NN2 was_VBDZ characterized_VVN by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 thermogravimetry_NN1 (_( TG_NP1 )_) /differential_JJ thermal_JJ analysis_NN1 (_( DTA_NP1 )_) on_II a_AT1 thermogravimetric_JJ analyzer_NN1 (_( NETZSCH_NP1 STA_NP1 409_MC PG/PC_FU )_) from_II room_NN1 temperature_NN1 to_II 500_MC °C_NNU with_IW the_AT heating_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO 10_MC °C/min_NNU using_VVG N2_FO as_CSA carrier_NN1 gas_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 demonstrates_VVZ that_CST in_II an_AT1 energy_NN1 system_NN1 which_DDQ includes_VVZ both_RR PV_NN1 panels_NN2 and_CC wind_NN1 turbines_NN2 they_PPHS2 partly_RR compensate_VV0 each_PPX221 other_PPX222 and_CC ,_, thereby_RR ,_, even_RR out_RP great_JJ variations_NN2 in_II the_AT overall_JJ energy_NN1 production_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT three_MC simulated_JJ scenarios_NN2 described_VVN in_II Section_NN1 3.1_MC focused_VVD mainly_RR on_II renovation_NN1 ._. 
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In_II many_DA2 cases_NN2 individual_JJ divisions_NN2 within_II an_AT1 agency_NN1 or_CC department_NN1 were_VBDR free_JJ to_TO interpret_VVI the_AT top-down_JJ directives_NN2 independently_RR ._. 
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This_DD1 last_MD finding_NN1 could_VM be_VBI due_II21 to_II22 the_AT forcing_NN1 assumption_NN1 of_IO UCSmatrix_NP1 equal_JJ to_II 100_MC kPa_NN1 (_( far_RR different_JJ from_II the_AT effective_JJ UCSmatrix_NN1 equal_JJ to_II 33_MC kPa_NN1 )_) ,_, in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT parameter_NN1 "_" A_ZZ1 "_" of_IO the_AT Kalender_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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approach_NN1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, aeolian_JJ sand_NN1 is_VBZ widespread_JJ on_II the_AT surface_NN1 in_II a_AT1 local_JJ area_NN1 ,_, and_CC it_PPH1 is_VBZ selected_VVN as_II the_AT main_JJ backfill_NN1 material_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT %_NNU As_CSA removed_VVN after_II 48h_FO for_IF the_AT 0.05g_NNU and_CC 0.2g_NNU loading_NN1 treatments_NN2 was_VBDZ 59.4%_FO and_CC 69.1%_FO for_IF ZVI-RO_NP1 and_CC 24.6%_FO and_CC 57.8%_FO for_IF the_AT ZVI-SG_NP1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Simulated_JJ groundwater_NN1 were_VBDR prepared_VVN with_IW 230_MC mg_NNU L1_FO Na+_FO ,_, 32_MC mg_NNU L1_FO Ca2+_FO ,_, 234_MC mg_NNU L1_FO Cl_FO ,_, 183_MC mg_NNU L1_FO ,_, HCO3_FO ,_, 96_MC mg_NNU L1_FO SO42_FO ,_, and_CC 2_MC mg_NNU L1_FO HA_UH (_( Leeden_NP1 ,_, 1990_MC )_) ._. 
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Algorithm_NN1 1_MC1 :_: Pseudo-code_JJ description_NN1 (_( similar_JJ to_II the_AT ones_NN2 from_II the_AT caret_NN1 package_NN1 )_) for_IF the_AT FFS_NNU2 algorithm_NN1 ._. 
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As_II a_AT1 result_NN1 ,_, the_AT resolution_NN1 was_VBDZ found_VVN to_TO be_VBI the_AT best_JJT compromise_NN1 between_II result_NN1 accuracy_NN1 and_CC computational_JJ effort_NN1 ._. 
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Measurement_NN1 conditions_NN2 for_IF the_AT three_MC experimental_JJ campaigns_NN2 ._. 
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In_II these_DD2 methods_NN2 ,_, the_AT interactions_NN2 among_II soil_NN1 ,_, foundation_NN1 ,_, and_CC structure_NN1 and_CC their_APPGE subsequent_JJ influence_NN1 on_II key_JJ mechanisms_NN2 of_IO displacement_NN1 are_VBR ignored_VVN ._. 
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For_IF geometrical_JJ non-linearity_NN1 ,_, the_AT enhancement_NN1 of_IO the_AT membrane_NN1 part_NN1 of_IO the_AT strain_NN1 field_NN1 can_NN1 improves_VVZ significantly_RR in-plane_NN1 dominated_VVD cases_NN2 but_CCB it_PPH1 remains_VVZ small_JJ for_IF FG-CNTRC_NN1 which_DDQ represent_VV0 a_AT1 high_JJ flexural_JJ rigidity_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF FAC_NP1 ,_, the_AT condition_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR complicated_JJ ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 condition_NN1 ,_, the_AT crack_NN1 is_VBZ prone_JJ to_II propagating_VVG along_II the_AT interface_NN1 rather_II21 than_II22 being_VBG Mode-I_NN1 dominated_VVD ._. 
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The_AT crystal_NN1 structure_NN1 of_IO prepared_JJ CdSe_NP1 QDs_NP1 and_CC porous_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 were_VBDR confirmed_VVN by_II using_VVG X-ray_NN1 diffraction_NN1 analysis_NN1 (_( Rigaku_NP1 Ultima_NP1 IV_MC )_) with_IW a_AT1 Cu-K_NP1 source_NN1 over_II the_AT scan_NN1 range_NN1 of_IO 20-80°_FO with_IW an_AT1 increment_NN1 of_IO 0.02°_FO ._. 
</s>
<s>
Because_CS the_AT ground_NN1 was_VBDZ densified_VVN significantly_RR after_II the_AT first_MD two_MC motions_NN2 ,_, the_AT spectral_JJ ratios_NN2 on_II the_AT mitigated_VVN and_CC unmitigated_JJ structures_NN2 were_VBDR more_RGR similar_JJ during_II the_AT Northridge_NP1 motion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT association_NN1 rule_NN1 mining_NN1 and_CC predicate_VV0 logic_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN applied_VVN on_II the_AT earthquake_NN1 data_NN of_IO all_DB four_MC quadrants_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO sucrose_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ proposed_VVN that_DD1 sucrose_NN1 migrates_VVZ through_II solution_NN1 from_II cement_NN1 surfaces_NN2 to_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO portlandite_NN1 &lsqb;_( 61_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Amorphous_JJ phase_NN1 content_NN1 in_II solid_JJ precursor_NN1 before_II reaction_NN1 (_( wt%_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, reported_VVD performances_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 "_" low-operational_JJ energy_NN1 building_NN1 "_" or_CC "_" zero-emission_JJ building_NN1 "_" as_CSA seen_VVN in_II the_AT case_NN1 studies_NN2 ,_, may_VM still_RR be_VBI perceived_VVN differently_RR on_II an_AT1 international_JJ scale_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 differences_NN2 in_II definitions_NN2 and_CC due_II21 to_II22 the_AT different_JJ climatic_JJ conditions_NN2 under_II which_DDQ the_AT buildings_NN2 operate_VV0 ._. 
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<s>
When_CS j<m_FO ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI shown_VVN that_CST the_AT internal_JJ forces_NN2 of_IO vertical_JJ joint_JJ fasteners_NN2 with_IW j=_FO &lsqb;_( j:m1_FO &rsqb;_) are_VBR higher_JJR than_CSN the_AT forces_NN2 for_IF j=_FO &lsqb;_( 1:j1_FO &rsqb;_) in_II any_DD case_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, the_AT SEM/EDX_NN1 images_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT sand_NN1 particles_NN2 remain_VV0 intact_JJ in_II the_AT FA30_FO ,_, FA50_FO ,_, MK50_FO and_CC MK70_FO mortars_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ explains_VVZ the_AT lower_JJR measured_JJ expansions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Most_DAT parts_NN2 of_IO the_AT mine_NN1 surface_NN1 area_NN1 are_VBR covered_VVN by_II aeolian_JJ sand_NN1 of_IO Quaternary_NP1 Holocene_NP1 (_( Q4eol_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II summary_NN1 ,_, the_AT general_JJ variable_NN1 stiffness_NN1 tailoring_VVG approach_NN1 with_IW the_AT two-level_JJ optimization_NN1 framework_NN1 and_CC the_AT blended_JJ VAT_NN1 scheme_NN1 enable_VV0 the_AT distinct_JJ design_NN1 of_IO "_" Buckle-Free_JJ "_" panels_NN2 to_TO be_VBI achieved_VVN ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT experimental_JJ test_NN1 ,_, three_MC types_NN2 of_IO PE_NN1 fibers_NN2 and_CC seven_MC fiber_NN1 volume_NN1 fractions_NN2 ranging_VVG from_II 1.25%_FO to_II 3.0%_FO leaded_JJ to_II 15_MC cases_NN2 of_IO VfLf/df_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT EIS_NN1 testing_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO identify_VVI corrosion_NN1 mechanism_NN1 of_IO welds_NN2 and_CC corrosion_NN1 resistance_NN1 affected_VVN by_II coating_NN1 systems_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT potentiodynamic_JJ polarization_NN1 testing_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO examine_VVI both_RR coating_VVG performance_NN1 and_CC the_AT PWC_NP1 effects_NN2 in_II welds_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT theoretical_JJ results_NN2 were_VBDR then_RT examined_VVN experimentally_RR ._. 
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<s>
The_AT location_NN1 of_IO measurement_NN1 points_NN2 is_VBZ schematically_RR indicated_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 5(a)_FO ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II mentioning_VVG that_CST if_CS strain_NN1 compatible_JJ soil_NN1 properties_NN2 were_VBDR considered_VVN for_IF each_DD1 ground_NN1 seismic_JJ motion_NN1 (_( e.g._REX at_II the_AT time_NNT1 step_NN1 of_IO maximum_JJ racking_NN1 distortion_NN1 of_IO the_AT soil_NN1 free-field_NN1 )_) ,_, then_RT the_AT computed_JJ racking_NN1 ratios_NN2 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT flexibility_NN1 ratios_NN2 ,_, would_VM have_VHI been_VBN affected_VVN by_II the_AT ground_NN1 motion_NN1 characteristics_NN2 ,_, since_CS these_DD2 affect_VV0 the_AT soil_NN1 equivalent_JJ properties_NN2 &lsqb;_( 55_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT fresh_JJ Fe50Cu10_FO sample_NN1 was_VBDZ the_AT original_JJ preparation_NN1 OC_NN1 which_DDQ had_VHD visible_JJ sintering_JJ pattern_NN1 in_II some_DD parts_NN2 on_II31 account_II32 of_II33 the_AT high-temperature_JJ calcination_NN1 process_NN1 ,_, as_CSA zone_NN1 B_ZZ1 of_IO Fig._NN1 15_MC shown_VVN ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 torque_NN1 meter_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO test_VVI the_AT torque_NN1 on_II the_AT pump_NN1 shaft_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 flowmeter_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO test_VVI the_AT flow_NN1 rate_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 speed_NN1 sensor_NN1 is_VBZ applied_VVN to_II measure_NN1 the_AT rotational_JJ speed_NN1 and_CC two_MC pressure_NN1 transmitters_NN2 are_VBR used_JJ to_II measure_NN1 the_AT head_NN1 of_IO pump_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT displacements_NN2 of_IO Blocks_NN2 1_MC1 ,_, 16_MC ,_, and_CC 23_MC in_II the_AT source_NN1 area_NN1 are_VBR larger_JJR than_CSN those_DD2 of_IO Blocks_NN2 45_MC ,_, 60_MC ,_, and_CC 79_MC in_II the_AT talus_NN1 area_NN1 of_IO T1_FO ._. 
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<s>
Within_II this_DD1 range_NN1 ,_, direct_JJ fire_NN1 suppression_NN1 action_NN1 is_VBZ only_RR effective_JJ in_II halting_VVG a_AT1 fire_NN1 in_II the_AT lower_JJR 4-5%_FO portion_NN1 (_( i.e._REX less_DAR than_CSN 4000-5000kWm1_JJ )_) of_IO the_AT spectrum_NN1 (_( Cheney_NP1 ,_, 1991_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT United_NP1 States_NP1 profitable_JJ house_NN1 division_NN1 ,_, Heating_NN1 ,_, Ventilation_NN1 and_CC Air_NN1 Conditioning_NN1 (_( HVAC_NP1 )_) practices_NN2 comprise_VV0 40.0%_FO of_IO power_NN1 usage_NN1 &lsqb;_( 108_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT mass_NN1 of_IO the_AT SS-PTMD_NN1 installed_VVN on_II the_AT deck_NN1 model_NN1 is_VBZ 0.86kg_NNU and_CC consequently_RR the_AT mass_JJ ratio_NN1 of_IO the_AT SS-PTMD_NN1 is_VBZ =0.02_FO ._. 
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<s>
Acoustical_JJ satisfaction_NN1 was_VBDZ lower_JJR in_II no_AT renovated_JJ classrooms_NN2 ,_, and_CC one_MC1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT important_JJ consequences_NN2 of_IO poor_JJ acoustics_NN2 was_VBDZ a_AT1 decrease_NN1 in_II concentration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Carbonated_JJ samples_NN2 show_VV0 weight_NN1 loss_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 decomposition_NN1 of_IO calcium_NN1 carbonate_NN1 at_II around_II 700-800°C_FO ._. 
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<s>
Effect_NN1 of_IO COV&lsqb;_NP1 ,_, ,_, e0_FO &rsqb;_) on_II the_AT settlement_NN1 prediction_NN1 based_VVN on_II posterior_JJ mean_JJ parameters_NN2 using_VVG monitored_JJ settlements_NN2 from_II 0_MC to_II 496_MC days_NNT2 ._. 
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<s>
Some_DD of_IO the_AT curved_JJ cracks_NN2 are_VBR controlled_VVN by_II the_AT prevailing_JJ boundary_NN1 conditions_NN2 (_( e.g._REX ,_, the_AT circle-shaped_JJ restraint_NN1 from_II the_AT vessel_NN1 in_II this_DD1 work_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Unfortunately_RR ,_, in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO the_AT boron-diffused_NN1 p+_FO emitter_NN1 ,_, as-deposited_JJ SiNx_NN1 turned_VVD out_RP to_TO be_VBI less_RGR favorable_JJ &lsqb;_( 23_MC &rsqb;_) and_CC high_JJ J0_FO values_VVZ up_RG21 to_RG22 1000_MC fA/cm2_NN1 were_VBDR measured_VVN for_IF p+_FO emitters_NN2 passivated_VVD with_IW PECVD-SiNx&lsqb;23&rsqb;_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, one_MC1 of_IO the_AT difficulties_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW this_DD1 approach_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST the_AT resulting_JJ models_NN2 are_VBR often_RR quite_RG complex_JJ and_CC cause_VV0 the_AT stiffness_NN1 change_NN1 at_II the_AT hysteretic_JJ corners_NN2 to_TO be_VBI abrupt_JJ ._. 
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Cement_NN1 phase_NN1 composition_NN1 measured_VVN by_II XRD-Rietveld_JJ method_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Specific_JJ surface_NN1 area_NN1 and_CC porosity_NN1 of_IO porous_JJ TiO2_FO NFs_NNU2 obtained_VVN by_II the_AT solvosonication_NN1 process_NN1 at_II different_JJ time_NNT1 durations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT full_JJ understanding_NN1 of_IO the_AT geostatistical_JJ techniques_NN2 will_VM enable_VVI practitioners_NN2 to_TO select_VVI the_AT most_RGT appropriate_JJ technique_NN1 to_TO use_VVI ,_, for_IF a_AT1 particular_JJ context_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 comparison_NN1 between_II the_AT simulated_JJ results_NN2 of_IO this_DD1 study_NN1 and_CC the_AT predicted_JJ results_NN2 from_II failure_NN1 criteria_NN2 was_VBDZ completed_VVN ,_, and_CC a_AT1 good_JJ agreement_NN1 was_VBDZ observed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT simulated_JJ internal_JJ fracture_NN1 behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT FBD_NP1 specimen_NN1 under_II cyclic_JJ tensile_JJ loading_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 17_MC in_II the_AT view_NN1 of_IO the_AT central_JJ cross-section_NN1 of_IO the_AT DEM_FW model_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 used_VVD the_AT specifications_NN2 from_II the_AT prototype_NN1 medium_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF the_AT internal_JJ heat_NN1 gains_NN2 from_II people_NN ,_, lighting_NN1 ,_, equipment_NN1 ,_, and_CC schedules_NN2 ,_, including_II occupancy_NN1 and_CC HVAC_JJ operations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, control_NN1 of_IO the_AT -δ_FO constitutive_JJ relation_NN1 by_II tailoring_VVG material_NN1 parameters_NN2 is_VBZ the_AT key_NN1 to_II successfully_RR design_NN1 of_IO SHCCs_NP1 ,_, in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 ultimate_JJ tensile_JJ strength_NN1 and_CC strain_NN1 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 steady-state_JJ crack_NN1 width_NN1 in_RR21 particular_RR22 &lsqb;_( 30_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, the_AT CR_NP1 values_NN2 of_IO long_JJ period_NN1 structures_NN2 will_VM be_VBI intensified_VVN by_II increasing_VVG the_AT aspect_NN1 ratio_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT younger_JJR age_NN1 group_NN1 (_( primary_JJ school_NN1 )_) and_CC classrooms_NN2 without_IW AC_NN1 were_VBDR coded_VVN as_II the_AT reference_NN1 in_II the_AT analysis_NN1 (_( i.e._REX OR_CC =_FO 1_MC1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT mass_JJ ratio_NN1 substitution_NN1 of_IO copper_NN1 tailing_VVG to_II natural_JJ sand_NN1 of_IO samples_NN2 that_CST are_VBR denoted_VVN by_II R0_FO ,_, R10_FO ,_, R20_FO ,_, R30_FO ,_, R40_FO ,_, R50_FO are_VBR 0%_NNU ,_, 10%_NNU ,_, 20%_NNU ,_, 30%_NNU ,_, 40%_NNU ,_, and_CC 50%_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, precise_JJ condition_NN1 monitoring_NN1 and_CC diagnosis_NN1 are_VBR needed_VVN to_TO discover_VVI incipient_JJ defects_NN2 that_CST occur_VV0 on_II the_AT bearings_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT comparison_NN1 ,_, performed_VVN after_II a_AT1 field_NN1 survey_NN1 carried_VVN out_RP in_II the_AT city_NN1 of_IO Rome_NP1 (_( Italy_NP1 )_) ,_, was_VBDZ based_VVN on_II 3_MC statistical_JJ criteria_NN2 and_CC a_AT1 qualitative_JJ one_PN1 &lsqb;_( 39_MC &rsqb;_) &lsqb;_( 45_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Assuming_VVG small_JJ elastic_JJ strains_NN2 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, e1_FO ,_, leads_VVZ to(108)with_FO the_AT following_JJ consequences_NN2 for_IF the_AT Green-Lagrange_NP1 elastic_JJ tensor_NN1 ,_, the_AT Mandel_NP1 stress_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT resolved_JJ shear_VV0 stress_NN1 τ_NULL :_: (_( 109_MC )_) The_AT Piola_NP1 stress_NN1 expressed_VVN in_II the_AT intermediate_JJ configuration_NN1 and_CC the_AT Boussinesq_JJ stress_NN1 are_VBR then_RT computed_VVN as(110)with_FO and_CC is_VBZ the_AT shear_VV0 modulus_NN1 in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO isotropic_JJ elasticity_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT Zurich_NP1 plant_NN1 ,_, the_AT RSF_NP1 and_CC GAC_JJ filters_NN2 received_VVD waters_NN2 from_II the_AT preceding_JJ ozonation_NN1 process_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
When_CS operating_VVG in_II DCM_NP1 with_IW a_AT1 fixed_JJ duty_NN1 cycle_NN1 ,_, the_AT equivalent_JJ load_NN1 resistance_NN1 can_VM be_VBI maintained_VVN nearly_RR constant_JJ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT urban_JJ environment_NN1 (_( Area_NN1 Input_NN1 File_NN1 )_) was_VBDZ created_VVN in_II ENVI-met_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT aforesaid_JJ interventions_NN2 ._. 
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Each_DD1 network_NN1 was_VBDZ first_MD trained_VVN with_IW all_DB the_AT variables_NN2 of_IO interest_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT semi-implicit_JJ method_NN1 for_IF the_AT pressure-linked_JJ equation_NN1 (_( SIMPLE_JJ )_) algorithm_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN for_IF the_AT pressure-velocity_JJ coupling_NN1 &lsqb;_( 37_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, this_DD1 is_VBZ not_XX consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT practical_JJ situation_NN1 that_CST damage_VV0 usually_RR occurs_VVZ in_II a_AT1 few_DA2 sections_NN2 or_CC members_NN2 only_RR especially_RR at_II the_AT early_JJ stage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT final_JJ output_NN1 of_IO the_AT procedure_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT set_NN1 of_IO optimal_JJ parameters_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT main_JJ sources_NN2 of_IO such_DA raw_JJ materials_NN2 that_CST are_VBR readily_RR available_JJ to_II us_PPIO2 are_VBR industrial_JJ waste_NN1 products_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 metallurgical_JJ slags_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ are_VBR usually_RR rich_JJ in_II calcium_NN1 silicates_NN2 ;_; or_CC else_RR old_JJ concretes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT Bayesian_JJ approach_NN1 developed_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 is_VBZ illustrated_VVN using_VVG the_AT (_( c_ZZ1 ,_, )_) data_NN of_IO clays_NN2 from_II the_AT core_NN1 wall_NN1 of_IO Xiaolangdi_NP1 rockfill_NN1 dam_NN1 in_II China_NP1 &lsqb;_( 12_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
To_TO select_VVI MS_NN1 indices_NN2 for_IF rock_NN1 burst_VVD forecasting_VVG using_VVG the_AT fuzzy_JJ evaluation_NN1 model_NN1 ,_, laboratory_NN1 acoustic_NN1 emission_NN1 (_( AE_FO )_) measurements_NN2 of_IO coal_NN1 samples_NN2 collected_VVN from_II the_AT mine_NN1 were_VBDR performed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 destabilization_NN1 processes_NN2 significantly_RR increase_VV0 the_AT size_NN1 of_IO the_AT incorporated_JJ bubbles_NN2 ,_, resulting_VVG in_II large_JJ pores_NN2 in_II the_AT final_JJ cellular_JJ microstructure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, a_AT1 combination_NN1 of_IO the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO nanoparticle_NN1 type_NN1 ,_, volume_NN1 concentration_NN1 ,_, and_CC solar_JJ irradiance_NN1 on_II efficiency_NN1 is_VBZ observed_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 10_MC ._. 
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<s>
If_CS 2L<Scr-da_FO ,_, the_AT shear_VV0 crack_NN1 is_VBZ far_RR away_II21 from_II22 the_AT embedment_NN1 failure_NN1 surface_NN1 of_IO steel_NN1 bolt_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT sampling_NN1 time_NNT1 of_IO the_AT dSpace_NN1 hardware_NN1 is_VBZ Ts=1/20,000s_FU ;_; this_DD1 means_VVZ that_CST the_AT sampling_NN1 frequency_NN1 is_VBZ fs=20,000Hz_FO ._. 
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The_AT simulation_NN1 results_NN2 of_IO concrete_JJ model_NN1 with_IW and_CC without_IW CNF_NP1 agree_VV0 well_RR with_IW the_AT test_NN1 results_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 1_MC1 shows_VVZ the_AT hourly_JJ indoor_JJ operative_JJ temperature_NN1 distribution_NN1 during_II the_AT days_NNT2 when_RRQ the_AT questionnaires_NN2 were_VBDR carried_VVN ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ in_II31 accordance_II32 with_II33 a_AT1 slope_NN1 instability_NN1 developing_VVG through_II the_AT nucleation_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 new_JJ rupture_NN1 surface_NN1 ,_, where_CS movement_NN1 is_VBZ dominantly_RR caused_VVN by_II time-dependent_JJ mechanisms_NN2 of_IO crack_NN1 propagation_NN1 and_CC degradation_NN1 of_IO rock_NN1 joint_JJ cohesion_NN1 (_( Petley_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2002_MC ;_; Kemeny_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC )_) ,_, and_CC therefore_RR also_RR with_IW the_AT hypothesized_JJ retrogression_NN1 of_IO the_AT failure_NN1 (_( Section_NN1 5.2_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Tobias_NN2 and_CC Foutch_NP1 (_( 1997_MC )_) developed_VVD the_AT reliability-based_JJ method_NN1 for_IF fatigue_NN1 evaluation_NN1 after_II measuring_VVG the_AT loading_NN1 environment_NN1 of_IO the_AT railway_NN1 bridges_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Both_DB2 materials_NN2 present_VV0 sufficient_JJ mechanical_JJ contrast_NN1 (_( Eblock/Ematrix>2_NP1 and_CC tanblock/tanmatrix>2_NN1 )_) ,_, according_II21 to_II22 what_DDQ is_VBZ reported_VVN in_II the_AT literature.1_FO ,_, 9_MC ,_, 11_MC ,_, 13_MC ,_, 21_MC ,_, 22_MC ,_, 36_MC ,_, 37_MC They_PPHS2 were_VBDR assumed_VVN to_TO follow_VVI the_AT Mohr-Coulomb_NP1 failure_NN1 criterion_NN1 and_CC to_TO have_VHI an_AT1 elastic-perfectly_RR plastic_NN1 behavior_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Data-intensive_JJ machine_NN1 learning_NN1 techniques_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN gaining_VVG attention_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 their_APPGE robustness_NN1 for_IF data_NN classification_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
During_II the_AT simulation_NN1 ,_, the_AT horizontal_JJ and_CC vertical_JJ components_NN2 of_IO ground_NN1 motions_NN2 shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 2_MC were_VBDR applied_VVN ,_, which_DDQ were_VBDR measured_VVN at_II the_AT Kobe_NP1 meteorological_JJ observatory_NN1 closing_VVG to_II the_AT Daikai_JJ Station_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT HRSG_NP1 recovers_VVZ heat_NN1 from_II the_AT flue_NN1 gas_NN1 and_CC produces_VVZ steam_NN1 for_IF the_AT steam_NN1 cycle_NN1 ,_, that_DD1 comprises_VVZ the_AT high-pressure_NN1 (_( HP_NNU )_) ,_, intermediate-pressure_NN1 (_( IP_NP1 )_) and_CC low-pressure_NN1 (_( LP_NN1 )_) turbine_NN1 characterised_VVN by_II design_NN1 isentropic_JJ efficiencies_NN2 of_IO 85%_NNU ,_, 91.1%_FO ,_, and_CC 92.7%_FO ,_, respectively_RR (_( NETL_NP1 ,_, 2012_MC )_) ._. 
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As_II21 for_II22 H_ZZ1 &S;_NULL issues_NN2 ,_, there_EX are_VBR no_AT generic_JJ issues_NN2 that_CST make_VV0 them_PPHO2 significantly_RR different_JJ to_II OPC_NP1 ;_; but_CCB there_EX may_VM be_VBI specific_JJ BYF_NN1 binders_NN2 which_DDQ contain_VV0 specific_JJ minor_JJ components_NN2 or_CC elements_NN2 not_XX usually_RR found_VVN in_II significant_JJ quantities_NN2 in_II OPC_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Details_NN2 on_II the_AT building_NN1 prototypes_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE design_NN1 ,_, the_AT numerical_JJ modeling_NN1 ,_, the_AT selected_JJ ground_NN1 motions_NN2 for_IF conducting_VVG nonlinear_JJ time_NNT1 history_NN1 analysis_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT response_NN1 of_IO the_AT building_NN1 models_NN2 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II Dehghani.25_FO The_AT FF_NNU and_CC SI_FW displacement_NN1 signals_NN2 were_VBDR repeated_VVN several_DA2 times_NNT2 to_TO evaluate_VVI seismic_JJ endurance_NN1 of_IO the_AT developed_JJ BRB_NP1 system_NN1 in_II shock_NN1 and_CC aftershock_VV0 earthquake_NN1 sequences_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Under_II the_AT same_DA strain_NN1 rate_NN1 ,_, the_AT strength_NN1 of_IO fissured_JJ specimens_NN2 decreases_VVZ as_RG 2_MC increases_VVZ up_RG21 to_RG22 60°_NNU ,_, and_CC then_RT increases_VVZ ._. 
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The_AT rotational_JJ region_NN1 is_VBZ made_VVN up_RP of_IO 69%_NNU of_IO spatial_JJ cells_NN2 to_TO simulate_VVI the_AT airflow_NN1 field_NN1 induced_VVN by_II fan_NN1 blades_NN2 rotation_NN1 appropriately_RR ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 results_NN2 are_VBR confirmed_VVN also_RR in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 mean_JJ lighting_NN1 indexes_NN2 ,_, equal_JJ to_II 7.06_MC for_IF classroom_NN1 2_MC ,_, to_II 7.03_MC for_IF classroom_NN1 6_MC ,_, and_CC to_II 5.96_MC for_IF classroom_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT permeability_NN1 of_IO freezing_JJ sandstone_NN1 and_CC tuff_JJ can_VM also_RR be_VBI derived_VVN by_II substituting_VVG M_NN1 into_II Eq_NN1 ._. 
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(_( 30_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Nevertheless_RR ,_, the_AT identification_NN1 results_NN2 still_RR show_VV0 a_AT1 satisfactory_JJ degree_NN1 of_IO accuracy_NN1 under_II the_AT average_JJ RSC_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
While_CS they_PPHS2 are_VBR unlikely_JJ to_TO completely_RR replace_VVI OPC_NP1 ,_, they_PPHS2 may_VM serve_VVI as_II an_AT1 alternative_JJ and_CC supplementary_JJ binder_NN1 depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT local_JJ availability_NN1 of_IO raw_JJ materials_NN2 &lsqb;_( 8_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Generally_RR ,_, increasing_VVG the_AT SiO2/Al2O3_JJ molar_JJ ratio_NN1 increases_VVZ the_AT compressive_JJ strength_NN1 and_CC elasticity_NN1 up_II21 to_II22 a_AT1 certain_JJ ratio_NN1 &lsqb;_( 156_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Ammonia_NN1 water_NN1 absorption_NN1 refrigeration_NN1 system_NN1 has_VHZ advantage_NN1 in_II producing_VVG cooling_JJ effect_NN1 below_RG 0_MC °C_NNU compared_VVN to_II LiBr-H2O_JJ absorption_NN1 systems_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Recent_JJ earthquakes_NN2 (_( e.g._REX ,_, Nepal_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC ;_; Italy_NP1 ,_, 2016_MC ;_; and_CC Greece/Turkey_NP1 ,_, 2017_MC )_) have_VH0 demonstrated_VVN that_CST poor_JJ initial_JJ design_NN1 of_IO BCJs_NP1 is_VBZ one_MC1 of_IO the_AT main_JJ reasons_NN2 for_IF the_AT seismic_JJ damage_NN1 suffered_VVN by_II existing_JJ RC_NP1 infrastructure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT specimens_NN2 cured_VVN in_II the_AT controlled_JJ environments_NN2 of_IO 25_MC ,_, 46_MC and_CC 65°C_NNU for_IF temperature_NN1 ,_, and_CC 30%_NNU and_CC 90%_NNU for_IF relative_JJ humidity_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Stochastic_JJ models_NN2 which_DDQ were_VBDR used_VVN for_IF simulation_NN1 in_II this_DD1 research_NN1 are_VBR empirical-based_JJ Markov_NP1 chain_NN1 occupant_NN1 models_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Peak_NN1 wind_NN1 speed_NN1 estimates_VVZ for_IF each_DD1 home_NN1 ,_, based_VVN on_II its_APPGE location_NN1 within_II the_AT tornado_NN1 path_NN1 ,_, are_VBR also_RR included_VVN from_II a_AT1 near-surface_JJ wind_NN1 field_NN1 model_NN1 of_IO the_AT Joplin_NP1 tornado_NN1 (_( Lombardo_NP1 etal._NNU 2015_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Field_NN1 picture_NN1 of_IO temperature_NN1 change_NN1 during_II B2_FO ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 similar_JJ approach_NN1 was_VBDZ adopted_VVN with_IW the_AT PET_NN1 ,_, SET*_FO and_CC PMV_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 could_VM be_VBI attributed_VVN to_II two_MC primary_JJ reasons_NN2 :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) the_AT difference_NN1 in_II bond_NN1 characteristics_NN2 between_II GFRP_NP1 and_CC steel_NN1 bars_NN2 ,_, and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) the_AT different_JJ deformation_NN1 levels_NN2 experienced_VVN by_II the_AT specimens_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT beams_NN2 were_VBDR labeled_VVN following_II the_AT A-B-C_NP1 format_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Matrix_NN1 '_NULL recovery_NN1 '_NULL falling_VVG outside_II this_DD1 range_NN1 indicates_VVZ signal_NN1 suppression/enhancement_NN1 could_VM be_VBI occurring_VVG and_CC samples_NN2 should_VM quantitatively_RR be_VBI interpreted_VVN with_IW caution_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Project_NN1 support_NN1 is_VBZ acknowledged_VVN from_II the_AT Australian_JJ Research_NN1 Council_NN1 Linkage_NN1 Project_NN1 (_( LP160100215_FO )_) that_CST also_RR includes_VVZ funding_NN1 from_II the_AT following_JJ industry_NN1 partners_NN2 :_: Yarra_NP1 Valley_NN1 Water_NN1 ,_, City_NN1 West_ND1 Water_NN1 ,_, Southeast_ND1 Water_NN1 and_CC Aquiba_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT magnetic_JJ field_NN1 strengths_NN2 were_VBDR subsequently_RR applied_VVN to_II the_AT paste_NN1 sample_NN1 ,_, for_IF 10min_NNU each_DD1 ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, this_DD1 behaviour_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR influenced_VVN by_II the_AT temporal_JJ and_CC spatial_JJ damage_NN1 evolution_NN1 patterns_NN2 of_IO the_AT rock_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 section_NN1 will_VM extend_VVI the_AT T-EMSD_JJ theory_NN1 to_II a_AT1 generic_JJ 3D_NNU condition_NN1 and_CC illustrate_VV0 its_APPGE application_NN1 in_II obtaining_VVG the_AT upper-bound_JJ tunnel_NN1 face_NN1 stability_NN1 factor_NN1 ._. 
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Detached_JJ flow_NN1 test_NN1 rig_VV0 flexible_JJ panel_NN1 configuration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 subsection_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 assembled_VVD vertical_JJ and_CC horizontal_JJ fractures_NN2 together_RL to_TO investigate_VVI effects_NN2 of_IO an_AT1 opening_NN1 interface_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 particle_NN1 finally_RR will_VM be_VBI inserted_VVN in_II the_AT generated_JJ stochastic_JJ model_NN1 instead_II21 of_II22 the_AT defected_JJ particle_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
On_II the_AT contrary_NN1 ,_, relatively_RR flat_JJ pitch_NN1 blades_NN2 need_VV0 a_AT1 very_RG large_JJ motor_NN1 to_TO reach_VVI the_AT same_DA speed_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, if_CS we_PPIS2 consider_VV0 the_AT relative_JJ percent_NNU current_JJ density_NN1 decay_NN1 instead_II21 of_II22 the_AT absolute_JJ value_NN1 ,_, Pt/C_NNU shows_VVZ a_AT1 worse_JJR performance_NN1 ,_, with_IW a_AT1 loss_NN1 of_IO about_RG 36%_NNU after_II 48_MC h_ZZ1 ._. 
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<s>
If_CS a_AT1 localized_JJ fault_NN1 occurs_VVZ on_II gear_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 usually_RR presents_VVZ an_AT1 AF-FM_JJ phenomenon_NN1 in_II vibration_NN1 signal_NN1 ,_, where_CS the_AT meshing_JJ frequency_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT carrier_NN1 signal_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT rotational_JJ frequency_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT modulated_JJ signal_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT curve_NN1 slopes_NN2 of_IO the_AT basal_JJ loess_NN1 from_II 0_MC to_II 50_MC kPa_NN1 are_VBR higher_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO the_AT top_JJ loess_NN1 ,_, and_CC it_PPH1 shows_VVZ basal_JJ loess_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR sensitive_JJ to_II water_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO avoid_VVI delays_NN2 in_II the_AT recovery_NN1 procedures_NN2 ,_, the_AT CERA_NN1 was_VBDZ invested_VVN with_IW exceptional_JJ powers_NN2 to_TO bypass_VVI the_AT existing_JJ regulations_NN2 and_CC to_II acquiring_VVG land_NN1 (_( Chang_VV0 etal_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Consistent_JJ with_IW those_DD2 findings_NN2 ,_, estimated_VVD coefficients_NN2 on_II FLOODZONE_NP1 are_VBR positive_JJ and_CC statistically_RR significant_JJ in_II all_DB models_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT soil_NN1 mass_NN1 is_VBZ modeled_VVN by_II a_AT1 total_NN1 of_IO 133,040_MC solid_JJ elements_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT outlet_NN1 opening_NN1 side_NN1 of_IO the_AT model_NN1 ,_, the_AT heat_NN1 transfer_NN1 was_VBDZ mostly_RR appeared_VVN in_II diffusion_NN1 form_NN1 since_CS the_AT air_NN1 in_II the_AT region_NN1 is_VBZ moving_VVG very_RG slowly_RR ._. 
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<s>
Both_DB2 cases_NN2 are_VBR within_II the_AT same_DA membership_NN1 function_NN1 region_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT low_JJ PS_NN1 condition_NN1 affecting_VVG the_AT PV_NN1 modules_NN2 ,_, this_DD1 situation_NN1 is_VBZ labeled_VVN as_CSA case_NN1 10_MC and_CC case_NN1 11_MC on_II both_DB2 Fig._NN1 13(A)_FO and_CC (_( B_ZZ1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT grid-connected_JJ PVAC_NN1 is_VBZ connected_VVN with_IW the_AT grid_NN1 and_CC powered_VVN by_II both_DB2 the_AT PV_NN1 system_NN1 and_CC the_AT grid_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT exposure_NN1 solutions_NN2 were_VBDR solutions_NN2 of_IO NaCl_NN1 or_CC CaCl2_FO with_IW chloride_NN1 concentrations_NN2 ranging_VVG from_II 0.25_MC to_II 3mol/L_FU ,_, prepared_VVN with_IW deionized_JJ water_NN1 and_CC laboratory-grade_JJ salts_NN2 of_IO NaCl_NN1 or_CC CaCl2·2H2O_FO (_( supplied_VVN by_II Merck_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT capillary_JJ suction_NN1 time_NNT1 was_VBDZ evaluated_VVN with_IW a_AT1 capillary_JJ suction_NN1 time_NNT1 instrument_NN1 (_( model_NN1 304B_FO ,_, Triton_NP1 ,_, UK_NP1 )_) equipped_VVN with_IW an_AT1 18_MC mm_NNU diameter_NN1 funnel_NN1 and_CC Whatman_NP1 No.17_FO chromatography-grade_JJ paper_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 should_VM be_VBI noted_VVN that_CST the_AT peak_NN1 amplitude_NN1 of_IO S0_FO due_JJ to_TO shear_VVI excitation_NN1 potential_NN1 located_VVN at_II 1.5mm_NNU depth_NN1 from_II the_AT top_JJ surface_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR significant_JJ than_CSN pressure_NN1 potential_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 12_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Generally_RR ,_, the_AT racking_NN1 ratios_NN2 ,_, R_ZZ1 ,_, are_VBR decreasing_VVG with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO the_AT burial_NN1 depth_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 ,_, h_ZZ1 ,_, as_RG well_RR as_CSA with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO the_AT Poisson_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 ,_, vs_II ,_, of_IO the_AT soil_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 discuss_VV0 why_RRQ stress_NN1 tensor_NN1 variability_NN1 can_VM be_VBI sufficiently_RR and_CC appropriately_RR characterised_VVN by_II its_APPGE distinct_JJ tensor_NN1 components_NN2 in_II a_AT1 multivariate_JJ manner_NN1 ,_, and_CC demonstrate_VV0 that_CST the_AT proposed_JJ statistical_JJ model_NN1 gives_VVZ consistent_JJ results_NN2 under_II coordinate_NN1 system_NN1 transformation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, the_AT fracturing_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_IO the_AT cyclic_JJ LN2_FO injection_NN1 is_VBZ far_RG higher_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO singular_NN1 LN2_FO injections_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Then_RT the_AT state_NN1 vector_NN1 can_VM be_VBI online_RR estimated_VVN using_VVG the_AT recursive_JJ KF_NP1 algorithm_NN1 ,_, and_CC an_AT1 adaptive_JJ fading_JJ factor_NN1 is_VBZ incorporated_VVN in_II the_AT KF_NP1 framework_NN1 to_TO improve_VVI the_AT tracking_JJ capability_NN1 of_IO KF_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
At_II 400_MC kPa_NN1 confining_JJ pressure_NN1 ,_, the_AT peak_NN1 shear_VV0 strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT top_JJ samples_NN2 decreases_VVZ by_RP about_RG 53%_NNU while_CS the_AT water_NN1 content_NN1 increases_VVZ from_II 9%_NNU to_II 21%_NNU ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT additional_JJ information_NN1 of_IO its_APPGE 5-min_JJ gradient_NN1 significantly_RR improved_VVD the_AT potential_JJ to_TO indicate_VVI thermal_JJ sensation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Actually_RR ,_, for_IF the_AT latter_DA cases_NN2 the_AT centre_NN1 of_IO rotation_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 section_NN1 does_VDZ not_XX necessarily_RR coincide_VVI with_IW its_APPGE centroid_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Shanghai_NP1 city_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 municipality_NN1 directly_RR under_II the_AT Central_JJ Government_NN1 ,_, and_CC its_APPGE population_NN1 density_NN1 and_CC total_JJ investment_NN1 in_II fixed_JJ assets_NN2 are_VBR much_RR higher_JJR ,_, but_CCB area_NN1 of_IO afforested_JJ land_NN1 is_VBZ much_RR lower_JJR ,_, compared_VVN with_IW other_JJ provinces_NN2 ,_, and_CC thus_RR the_AT data_NN of_IO the_AT three_MC parameters_NN2 from_II Shanghai_NP1 city_NN1 were_VBDR excluded_VVN for_IF the_AT correlation_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Geographic_JJ Information_NN1 Systems_NN2 (_( GISs_NP1 )_) have_VH0 been_VBN applied_VVN to_TO support_VVI environmental_JJ modelling_NN1 and_CC ,_, being_VBG able_JK to_TO store_VVI ,_, manage/analyse_VV0 and_CC visualize_VVI large_JJ temporal_JJ ,_, spatial_JJ and_CC non-spatial_JJ datasets_NN2 ,_, they_PPHS2 are_VBR the_AT most_RGT efficient_JJ tools_NN2 to_TO deal_VVI with_IW geometric_JJ and_CC alphanumerical_JJ data_NN ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS this_DD1 curve_NN1 has_VHZ some_DD resemblance_NN1 to_II "_" L_ZZ1 "_" ,_, it_PPH1 bunches_VVZ up_RP at_II some_DD points_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
One_MC1 advantage_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 method_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT generation_NN1 of_IO periodic_JJ mesostructures_NN2 and_CC it_PPH1 is_VBZ very_RG easy_JJ to_TO generate_VVI periodic_JJ meshes_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ very_RG convenient_JJ for_IF the_AT implementation_NN1 of_IO periodic_JJ boundary_NN1 in_II numerical_JJ homogenization_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO better_RRR describe_VVI the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT stiffness_NN1 change_NN1 on_II the_AT seismic_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 structure_NN1 ,_, the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR normalized_VVN by_II those_DD2 when_RRQ EI1/EI2=1_NP1 ,_, i.e._REX for_IF a_AT1 uniform_JJ tunnel_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ seen_VVN that_CST there_EX is_VBZ small_JJ variation_NN1 for_IF the_AT natural_JJ frequencies_NN2 across_II different_JJ setups_NN2 for_IF all_DB the_AT eight_MC modes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Values_NN2 given_VVN are_VBR the_AT mean±SD_FO of_IO three_MC replicate_VV0 measurements_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT distributions_NN2 of_IO the_AT stress_NN1 component_NN1 (_( and_CC the_AT induced_JJ shear_VV0 stress_NN1 component_NN1 (_( are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 13c_FO and_CC d_ZZ1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 rational_JJ method_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO study_VVI the_AT various_JJ types_NN2 of_IO geometric_JJ imperfections_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT exhaust_NN1 vent_NN1 is_VBZ 20m_NNU away_II21 from_II22 the_AT fire_NN1 source_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Similarly_RR ,_, in_II the_AT Kobe_NP1 EQ_NN1 pulses_NN2 are_VBR predominant_JJ perpendicular_NN1 to_II the_AT fault_NN1 ,_, unlike_II the_AT Taiwan_NP1 and_CC Northridge_NP1 EQs_NN2 where_RRQ pulses_NN2 deviate_VV0 from_II the_AT fault-normal_JJ orientation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II recent_JJ years_NNT2 ,_, low_JJ temperature_NN1 processed_JJ perovskite_NN1 solar_JJ cells_NN2 (_( PSCs_NP2 )_) have_VH0 demonstrated_VVN immense_JJ prospect_NN1 for_IF mass_JJ production_NN1 in_II roll-to-roll_JJ process_NN1 with_IW flexible_JJ substrates&lsqb;1&rsqb;_FO ,_, &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 5_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Considering_CS the_AT study_NN1 on_II the_AT helicoidal_JJ composite_JJ samples_NN2 where_RRQ d_ZZ1 is_VBZ constant_JJ and_CC γ_NULL is_VBZ varied_VVN ,_, we_PPIS2 study_VV0 a_AT1 series_NN of_IO the_AT twisting_JJ interface_NN1 with_IW γ_NULL =0°_FO ,_, 5°_NNU ,_, 10°_NNU ,_, and_CC 30°_NNU while_CS d_ZZ1 is_VBZ constant_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Each_DD1 node_NN1 is_VBZ associated_VVN with_IW a_AT1 test_NN1 condition_NN1 and_CC each_DD1 branch_NN1 represents_VVZ the_AT outcome_NN1 of_IO the_AT test_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Next_MD ,_, a_AT1 special_JJ case_NN1 of_IO the_AT nonlinear_JJ superhealing_JJ model_NN1 ,_, called_VVN quadratic_JJ superhealing_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ investigated_VVN ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 static_JJ data_NN logger_NN1 (_( Kyowa_NP1 EDX100A_FO )_) was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO acquire_VVI temperature_NN1 from_II the_AT Ktype_NN1 thermocouple_NN1 wire_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT stability_NN1 of_IO slopes_NN2 in_II four_MC hypothetical_JJ soil_NN1 types_NN2 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, clay_NN1 ,_, silt_VV0 ,_, loess_NN1 and_CC sand_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ studied_VVN ._. 
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<s>
So_RR ,_, keeping_VVG moisture_NN1 inside_II the_AT body_NN1 of_IO concrete_NN1 by_II increasing_VVG ambient_JJ relative_JJ humidity_NN1 provided_CS enough_DD water_NN1 in_II the_AT pores_NN2 for_IF cement_NN1 hydration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, to_TO filter_VVI out_RP invalid_JJ MAC_NN1 addresses_NN2 ,_, this_DD1 study_NN1 adopted_VVD a_AT1 pre-processing_JJ method_NN1 developed_VVN in_II a_AT1 previous_JJ work_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ utilizes_VVZ the_AT signal_NN1 patterns_NN2 of_IO the_AT connection_NN1 request_NN1 to_TO remove_VVI stationary_JJ equipment_NN1 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 desktop_NN1 computers_NN2 and_CC printers_NN2 &lsqb;_( 20_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT proposed_JJ damage-softening_JJ statistical_JJ constitutive_JJ model_NN1 for_IF SFRPC_NP1 under_II high_JJ strain_NN1 rates_NN2 can_VM be_VBI used_VVN as_CSA input_NN1 data_NN in_II computer_NN1 programs_NN2 for_IF evaluating_VVG the_AT dynamic_JJ response_NN1 of_IO RPC_NP1 structures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT damaged_JJ Element_NN1 1_MC1 can_VM not_XX be_VBI detected_VVN for_IF damage_NN1 Scenarios_NN2 2_MC and_CC 166_MC can_VM not_XX be_VBI identified_VVN in_II all_DB cases_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II Fig._NN1 8_MC we_PPIS2 present_VV0 one_MC1 of_IO such_DA cases_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Next_MD ,_, we_PPIS2 describe_VV0 how_RRQ the_AT fluid_NN1 pressure_NN1 distribution_NN1 over_II the_AT entire_JJ fracture_NN1 surface_NN1 can_VM be_VBI calculated_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT mesh_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4b_FO ._. 
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<s>
In_II summary_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT (_( 001_MC )_) orientation_NN1 modulation_NN1 and_CC chemical_JJ doping_NN1 can_VM be_VBI coupled_VVN to_TO enhance_VVI the_AT PEC_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO hematite_NN1 for_IF water_NN1 oxidation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 was_VBDZ confirmed_VVN and_CC illustrated_VVN in_II the_AT results_NN2 shown_VVN above_RL ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA final_JJ remark_NN1 ,_, the_AT occurrence_NN1 of_IO negative_JJ refraction_NN1 phenomena_NN2 is_VBZ found_VVN to_TO characterize_VVI the_AT high-frequency_JJ optical_JJ surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT frequency_NN1 spectrum_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT selective_JJ binder_NN1 activation_NN1 technique_NN1 ,_, the_AT particle_NN1 bed_NN1 consists_VVZ of_IO a_AT1 dry_JJ mixture_NN1 of_IO very_RG fine_JJ aggregate_NN1 (_( typically_RR sand<1mm_FO )_) and_CC binder_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT load_NN1 versus_II drift_NN1 ratio_NN1 curves_NN2 for_IF these_DD2 specimens_NN2 are_VBR given_VVN in_II Fig.16_FO ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 5_MC shows_NN2 how_RRQ the_AT UTCI_NN2 varied_VVN with_IW Va_FW ._. 
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<s>
Input_VV0 seismic_JJ waves_NN2 of_IO :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) No.1_FO ,_, (_( b_ZZ1 )_) No.2_FO and_CC (_( c_ZZ1 )_) No.3_FO ._. 
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<s>
The_AT European_JJ Parliament_NN1 is_VBZ currently_RR discussing_VVG an_AT1 increase_NN1 of_IO the_AT European_JJ Union_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 renewable_JJ energy_NN1 target_NN1 to_II 35%_NNU by_II 2030_MC ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, the_AT graphic_JJ output_NN1 on_II this_DD1 page_NN1 displays_VVZ basic_JJ statistical_JJ distributions_NN2 from_II the_AT selected_JJ subsets_NN2 of_IO the_AT filtered_JJ database_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT cement_NN1 powder_NN1 is_VBZ slowly_RR added_VVN into_II 90%_NNU of_IO water_NN1 and_CC mixed_VVN at_II a_AT1 speed_NN1 of_IO 4000rpm_NNU for_IF 1min_NNU ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 specialized_JJ case_NN1 of_IO input-space_JJ dependent_JJ controller_NN1 is_VBZ investigated_VVN ,_, where_CS the_AT embedding_NN1 dimension_NN1 is_VBZ fixed_VVN ,_, but_CCB the_AT time_NNT1 delay_NN1 used_VVN in_II the_AT construction_NN1 of_IO the_AT embedding_NN1 varies_VVZ with_IW time_NNT1 ._. 
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<s>
All_DB three_MC formulations_NN2 are_VBR suited_VVN to_II particular_JJ classes_NN2 of_IO problems_NN2 for_IF the_AT simulation_NN1 of_IO solids_NN2 ,_, fluids_NN2 ,_, FSI_NP1 ,_, and_CC contact_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT skylights_NN2 and_CC external_JJ doors_NN2 are_VBR similarly_RR glazed_VVN and_CC feature_NN1 aluminum_NN1 frames_NN2 &lsqb;_( 35_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Expressions_NN2 for_IF non-radiative_JJ heat_NN1 transfer_NN1 coefficient_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 radiative_JJ cooler_NN1 proposed_VVN by_II various_JJ researchers_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Here_RL ,_, particularly_RR ,_, the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT chosen_JJ objective_JJ function_NN1 for_IF the_AT optimization_NN1 in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 type_NN1 ,_, amount_NN1 and_CC quality_NN1 of_IO data_NN incorporated_JJ needs_NN2 to_TO be_VBI evaluated_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT importance_NN1 of_IO the_AT protection_NN1 of_IO the_AT morphology-controlled_JJ nobel_NN1 metal_NN1 additive_JJ by_II Polyvinylpyrrolidone_NP1 (_( PVP_NP1 )_) polymer_NN1 against_II corrosive_JJ electrolyte_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, the_AT only_JJ current_JJ limitation_NN1 to_II their_APPGE greater_JJR use_NN1 is_VBZ one_MC1 of_IO performance_NN1 ,_, as_CSA they_PPHS2 harden_VV0 relatively_RR slowly_RR compared_VVN to_II many_DA2 Ordinary_JJ Portland_NP1 cements_NN2 (_( OPC_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Trebua_NN1 and_CC Hagara34_FO proposed_VVD a_AT1 modification_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 highspeed_JJ correlation_NN1 system_NN1 to_TO estimate_VVI the_AT modal_JJ parameters_NN2 of_IO steel_NN1 plates_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT two-axle_NN1 and_CC three-axle_JJ trucks_NN2 were_VBDR used_VVN to_TO assess_VVI the_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT vehicle_NN1 axle_NN1 detection_NN1 ,_, the_AT bridge_NN1 displacement_NN1 responses_NN2 determined_VVN from_II the_AT acceleration_NN1 data_NN ,_, and_CC the_AT estimated_JJ individual_JJ axle_NN1 weights_NN2 and_CC GVWs_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT empirical_JJ estimation_NN1 of_IO velocity_NN1 and_CC flow_NN1 depth_NN1 may_VM raise_VVI questions_NN2 on_II the_AT physical_JJ understanding_NN1 of_IO debris_NN1 flow_NN1 ,_, because_CS Eq_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 6_MC )_) has_VHZ limitations_NN2 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, in_II31 case_II32 of_II33 gentle_JJ slopes_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ already_RR possible_JJ under_II the_AT concrete_JJ standards_NN2 of_IO many_DA2 countries_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT parameters_NN2 of_IO the_AT bearing_NN1 used_VVN for_IF the_AT test_NN1 are_VBR given_VVN in_II Table_NN1 7_MC ._. 
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<s>
Fernando_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
</s>
<s>
(_( 2009_MC )_) discovered_VVD that_DD1 Araldite_NN1 420_MC had_VHD a_AT1 nonlinear_JJ part_NN1 after_II the_AT linear_JJ elastic_JJ stage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Classification_NN1 of_IO Multi-Criteria_NN2 Decision_NN1 Analysis_NN1 (_( MCDA_NP1 )_) within_II the_AT family_NN1 of_IO decision_NN1 support_NN1 techniques_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 9_MC shows_VVZ the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO desorption_NN1 temperature_NN1 on_II heat_NN1 duty_NN1 of_IO 5M_NNU MEA_NN1 :_: 2M_NNU MDEA_NN1 with_IW the_AT addition_NN1 of_IO acid_NN1 catalysts_NN2 (_( HZSM-5_MC ,_, γ_NULL -Al2O3_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT size_NN1 of_IO the_AT specimen_NN1 showed_VVD no_AT change_NN1 after_II thermal_JJ treatment_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ indicated_VVD no_AT molecular_JJ orientation_NN1 existed_VVD in_II as-received_JJ materials_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 section_NN1 ,_, the_AT algorithm_NN1 of_IO the_AT B-WIM_JJ system_NN1 is_VBZ deduced_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT long-gauge_JJ FBG_NP1 sensor_NN1 ._. 
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In_II practice_NN1 ,_, to_TO ensure_VVI that_CST the_AT stress_NN1 state_NN1 of_IO the_AT gob-side_JJ entry_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT optimum_JJ ,_, the_AT fracturing_NN1 location_NN1 of_IO the_AT overhanging_JJ roof_NN1 is_VBZ determined_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT propagation_NN1 law_NN1 of_IO directional_JJ hydraulic_JJ fractures_NN2 and_CC the_AT site_NN1 construction_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT gradient_NN1 descent_NN1 updating_VVG procedure_NN1 ,_, choosing_VVG a_AT1 proper_JJ learning_NN1 rate_NN1 can_VM be_VBI difficult_JJ ._. 
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However_RR ,_, an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II WBSF_NP1 leads_VVZ to_II a_AT1 decrease_NN1 in_II contact_NN1 resistance_NN1 at_II BSF_NP1 region_NN1 ,_, thus_RR FF_NNU increases_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT change_NN1 in_II the_AT mean_JJ flux_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 experimental_JJ condition_NN1 was_VBDZ monitored_VVN for_IF 30_MC days_NNT2 for_IF 3_MC separate_JJ experimental_JJ runs_NN2 to_TO determine_VVI experimental_JJ reproducibility_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 2a-c_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
After_II inputting_VVG land_NN1 use_NN1 ,_, soil_NN1 ,_, slope_NN1 ,_, and_CC climate_NN1 data_NN ,_, all_DB other_JJ data_NN inputs_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN using_VVG SWAT_NN1 input_NN1 text_NN1 files_NN2 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT actual_JJ management_NN1 data_NN ._. 
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However_RR ,_, CO2_FO storage_NN1 capacity_NN1 is_VBZ of_RR21 course_RR22 reduced_VVN significantly_RR in_II such_DA a_AT1 scenario_NN1 ._. 
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These_DD2 assessments_NN2 were_VBDR conducted_VVN to_TO determine_VVI CO2_FO emissions_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW the_AT production_NN1 of_IO the_AT materials_NN2 ,_, considering_CS raw_JJ material_NN1 use_NN1 ,_, energy_NN1 demand_NN1 ,_, fuel_NN1 mixes_NN2 ,_, electricity_NN1 mixes_NN2 ,_, transportation_NN1 ,_, and_CC raw_JJ material-derived_NN1 CO2_FO emissions_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT compressive_JJ and_CC tensile_JJ splitting_NN1 strength_NN1 of_IO concrete_NN1 were_VBDR measured_VVN on_II additional_JJ concrete_JJ cubes_NN2 (_( sides_NN2 of_IO 150_MC mm_NNU ;_; at_RR21 least_RR22 five_MC cubes_NN2 were_VBDR used_VVN for_IF each_DD1 test_NN1 )_) ,_, in_II31 accordance_II32 with_II33 EN_FW 12390-3_MCMC (_( CEN_NP1 2009b_FO )_) and_CC EN_FW 12390-6_MCMC (_( CEN_NP1 2009c_FO )_) ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT influence_NN1 by_II S2O82/Fe2+_JJ process_NN1 was_VBDZ comparatively_RR pronounced_VVN ,_, indicating_VVG much_RR harsher_JJR disintegration_NN1 to_TO sludge_VVI flocs_NN2 ._. 
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In_II literature_NN1 ,_, the_AT disintegration_NN1 degree_NN1 (_( DDSCOD_NP1 ,_, %_NNU )_) is_VBZ calculated_VVN as_II the_AT ratio_NN1 between_II SCOD_NP1 increase_NN1 by_II modification_NN1 and_CC TCOD_NP1 and_CC is_VBZ normally_RR applied_VVN to_TO express_VVI the_AT WAS_VBDZ solubilization_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_IO one_MC1 pretreatment_NN1 method_NN1 (_( Zhen_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014a_FO )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 part_NN1 ,_, the_AT flow_NN1 of_IO fluidizing_VVG agent_NN1 (_( N2_FO )_) was_VBDZ fixed_VVN at_II 1L/min_NNU ,_, while_CS the_AT steam_NN1 flow_NN1 was_VBDZ varied_VVN in_II the_AT range_NN1 of_IO 0.4-1.2g/min_NNU ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, considering_CS the_AT bridge_NN1 expansion_NN1 joints_NN2 ,_, vertical_JJ constraints_NN2 were_VBDR set_VVN at_II the_AT end_NN1 of_IO the_AT steel_NN1 box-girder_NN1 model_NN1 ,_, and_CC longitudinal_JJ constraints_NN2 combined_VVN with_IW vertical_JJ constraints_NN2 were_VBDR set_VVN at_II the_AT other_JJ end_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Compression_NN1 loaded_JJ structures_NN2 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) self-supporting_JJ shell_NN1 ,_, constructed_VVN from_II double_JJ curved_JJ segments_NN2 printed_VVN and_CC cast_VVN on_II a_AT1 flexible_JJ mould_NN1 ;_; (_( b_ZZ1 )_) thin-vaulted_NN1 ,_, unreinforced_JJ concrete_JJ floor_NN1 built_VVN with_IW digitally_RR fabricated_VVN formworks_NN2 &lsqb;_( 29_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT soil_NN1 at_II the_AT sampling_NN1 site_NN1 is_VBZ Q3_FO loess_NN1 (_( known_VVN as_II Malan_JJ loess_NN1 in_II China_NP1 )_) ,_, which_DDQ has_VHZ a_AT1 yellow_JJ color_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT dimensions_NN2 ,_, therefore_RR ,_, are_VBR required_VVN to_TO have_VHI equal_JJ weights_NN2 ._. 
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In_II 2014_MC ,_, the_AT NSC_NP1 ,_, in_II31 conjunction_II32 with_II33 U.S._NP1 Department_NN1 of_IO Homeland_NN1 Security_NN1 (_( DHS_NP2 )_) ,_, FEMA_NP1 ,_, and_CC other_JJ agencies_NN2 ,_, began_VVD to_TO realize_VVI that_DD1 resilience_NN1 policies_NN2 and_CC programs_NN2 across_II the_AT federal_JJ government_NN1 were_VBDR proliferating_VVG faster_JJR than_CSN anyone_PN1 could_VM fully_RR appreciate_VVI or_CC manage_VVI (_( FEMA_NP1 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 bayou_NN1 is_VBZ hydraulically_RR connected_VVN to_II the_AT coast_NN1 through_II Bastrop_NP1 Bay_NN1 via_II San_NP1 Luis_NP1 Pass_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 tidal_JJ inlet_NN1 located_VVN at_II the_AT northeast_ND1 end_NN1 of_IO Follets_NP1 Island_NNL1 ._. 
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Properties_NN2 of_IO coarse_JJ and_CC fine_JJ aggregates_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Model_NN1 developers_NN2 across_II diverse_JJ fields_NN2 who_PNQS adopt_VV0 these_DD2 interface_VV0 definitions_NN2 can_VM develop_VVI models_NN2 that_CST can_VM be_VBI coupled_VVN with_IW other_JJ models_NN2 to_TO simulate_VVI complex_JJ earth_NN1 and_CC environmental_JJ systems_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 effect_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR noticeable_JJ at_II the_AT tract_NN1 level_NN1 since_CS a_AT1 specific_JJ AST_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 larger_JJR contribution_NN1 within_II a_AT1 tract_NN1 than_CSN within_II the_AT whole_JJ HSC_NP1 ._. 
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Also_RR ,_, the_AT other_JJ time-frequency_JJ techniques_NN2 ,_, including_II the_AT Hilbert-Huang_NP1 transform_VV0 (_( HHT_NP1 )_) (_( Yang_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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2004_MC ;_; Hsu_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2013_MC )_) and_CC the_AT Teager-Huang_NP1 transform_VV0 (_( THT_NP1 )_) (_( Li_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
2010_MC )_) ,_, have_VH0 been_VBN proposed_VVN for_IF the_AT data_NN process_VV0 in_II aerospace_NN1 and_CC mechanical_JJ engineering_NN1 (_( Kim_NP1 and_CC Melhem_VV0 2004_MC )_) ._. 
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From_II this_DD1 aspect_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 implied_VVD that_CST the_AT high_JJ temperature_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO the_AT RM_NP1 is_VBZ superior_JJ than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO the_AT LM_NP1 ,_, especially_RR when_CS the_AT FB_NP1 is_VBZ not_XX less_DAR than_CSN 0.6_MC ._. 
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<s>
The_AT CsBr_NP1 and_CC PbBr2_FO vapors_NN2 encounter_VV0 each_PPX221 other_PPX222 ,_, and_CC the_AT molecules_NN2 of_IO CsBr_NP1 and_CC PbBr2_FO react_VV0 to_TO generate_VVI CsPbBr3_FO on_II the_AT TiO2/ITO_NN1 glass_NN1 substrate_NN1 :_: CsBr_NP1 +PbBr2_FO →_NULL CsPbBr3_FO ._. 
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There_EX was_VBDZ a_AT1 slightly_RR lower_JJR sample_NN1 size_NN1 for_IF winter_NNT1 (_( n=30,440_FO )_) ,_, and_CC fair_JJ representation_NN1 of_IO the_AT shoulder_NN1 seasons_NNT2 of_IO spring_NN1 (_( n=9455_FO )_) and_CC autumn_NNT1 (_( n=9177_FO )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 removes_VVZ irrelevant_JJ or_CC redundant_JJ condition_NN1 attribute_NN1 values_NN2 and_CC preserves_VVZ the_AT decision_NN1 ability_NN1 of_IO original_JJ information_NN1 ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, each_DD1 set_NN1 of_IO joints_NN2 (_( i.e._REX both_DB2 the_AT AISC_NN1 and_CC EJ_NP1 assemblies_NN2 )_) was_VBDZ designed_VVN twice_RR :_: (_( i_ZZ1 )_) the_AT first_MD group_NN1 was_VBDZ designed_VVN assuming_VVG continuity_NN1 plates_NN2 and_CC supplementary_JJ web_NN1 plates_NN2 to_TO strengthen_VVI the_AT column_NN1 ,_, provided_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT weak_JJ beam-strong_JJ column_NN1 hierarchy_NN1 is_VBZ satisfied_JJ ;_; (_( ii_MC )_) the_AT second_NNT1 was_VBDZ conceived_VVN keeping_VVG the_AT same_DA beam_NN1 and_CC the_AT same_DA geometry_NN1 of_IO the_AT connections_NN2 (_( i.e._REX bolt_NN1 spacing_NN1 ,_, end-plate_JJ dimensions_NN2 ,_, rib_NN1 stiffeners_NN2 )_) but_CCB increasing_VVG the_AT column_NN1 size_NN1 in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO satisfy_VVI the_AT design_NN1 strength_NN1 verifications_NN2 without_IW using_VVG any_DD continuity_NN1 plate_NN1 and_CC supplementary_JJ web_NN1 plates_NN2 ._. 
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Even_CS21 though_CS22 the_AT incorporation_NN1 of_IO model_NN1 class_NN1 uncertainty_NN1 is_VBZ widely_RR accepted_VVN and_CC common_JJ practice_NN1 in_II PSHA_NP1 ,_, similar_JJ practice_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX common_JJ in_II PSDA_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
They_PPHS2 set_VV0 the_AT objective_JJ function_NN1 to_TO be_VBI a_AT1 linear_JJ combination_NN1 of_IO three_MC objectives_NN2 :_: maximize_VV0 land_NN1 suitability_NN1 for_IF the_AT uses_NN2 allocated_VVN to_II them_PPHO2 ,_, maximize_VV0 compactness_NN1 of_IO the_AT total_JJ area_NN1 assigned_VVN to_II a_AT1 particular_JJ use_NN1 and_CC maximize_VV0 compactness_NN1 of_IO the_AT total_JJ area_NN1 assigned_VVN to_II a_AT1 particular_JJ group_NN1 of_IO uses_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT specimen_NN1 was_VBDZ modeled_VVN by_II using_VVG S4R_FO shell_VV0 elements_NN2 (_( Figure_NN1 8B_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
To_TO examine_VVI the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 type_NN1 of_IO support_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 model_NN1 of_IO the_AT gearshaped_JJ support_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 adjacent_JJ chevron_NN1 brace_NN1 was_VBDZ built_VVN in_II the_AT generalpurpose_VV0 finite_JJ element_NN1 software_NN1 ABAQUS.25_FO Linear_JJ solid_JJ elements_NN2 with_IW reduced_JJ integration_NN1 were_VBDR used_VVN for_IF all_DB of_IO the_AT steel_NN1 components_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT bedrock_NN1 of_IO the_AT study_NN1 area_NN1 is_VBZ primarily_RR highly_RR weathered_JJ Quaternary_JJ Jingningian_JJ Period_NN1 intrusive_JJ granite_NN1 ,_, with_IW intensely_RR developed_JJ joints_NN2 (_( Fig._NN1 3_MC )_) ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 the_AT seismic_JJ data_NN (_( Fig._NN1 15_MC )_) at_II the_AT Maoxian_JJ seismic_JJ station_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ 48km_NNU north_ND1 of_IO the_AT landslide_NN1 ,_, Su_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2017_MC )_) suggested_VVD that_CST the_AT collision_NN1 from_II the_AT first_MD large_JJ ruptured_JJ rock_NN1 mass_NN1 at_II the_AT crown_NN1 and_CC the_AT subsequent_JJ minor_JJ landslides_NN2 contributed_VVN to_II the_AT first_MD vibration_NN1 section_NN1 lasting_VVG for_IF 45s_MC2 (_( from_II 5:39:07_MC to_II 5:39:52_MC )_) and_CC that_CST a_AT1 major_JJ landslide_NN1 resulted_VVN in_II the_AT second_MD strong_JJ vibration_NN1 section_NN1 lasting_VVG for_IF 29s_MC2 (_( from_II 5:39:53_MC to_II 5:40:22_MC )_) ._. 
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Most_DAT early_JJ works_NN developed_VVD the_AT postbuckling_JJ modellings_NN2 based_VVN on_II the_AT energy_NN1 methods_NN2 and_CC considered_VVN various_JJ combined_JJ loading_NN1 cases_NN2 ._. 
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Among_II the_AT different_JJ options_NN2 ,_, solar_JJ energy_NN1 seems_VVZ to_TO gain_VVI most_DAT popularity_NN1 ,_, due_II21 to_II22 its_APPGE cleanliness_NN1 and_CC especially_RR abundance_NN1 compared_VVN to_II other_JJ renewable_JJ energy_NN1 sources_NN2 &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT effects_NN2 of_IO soil_NN1 vertical_JJ spatial_JJ variability_NN1 on_II several_DA2 major_JJ geotechnical_JJ and_CC structural_JJ failure_NN1 modes_NN2 ,_, including_II geotechnical_JJ ultimate_JJ failure_NN1 ,_, geotechnical_JJ serviceability_NN1 failure_NN1 ,_, wall_NN1 bending_VVG failure_NN1 ,_, wall_NN1 shear_VV0 failure_NN1 ,_, and_CC strut_VV0 buckling_VVG failure_NN1 ,_, are_VBR explicitly_RR investigated_VVN ._. 
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Instantaneous_JJ acoustic_JJ pressure_NN1 field_NN1 obtained_VVN with_IW the_AT mode-matching_JJ technique_NN1 for_IF an_AT1 oblique_JJ acoustic_JJ field_NN1 incident_NN1 on_II a_AT1 blade_NN1 cascade_NN1 at_II zero_MC angle_NN1 of_IO attack_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO mimic_VVI the_AT experimental_JJ situation_NN1 ,_, white_JJ Gaussian_JJ noise_NN1 is_VBZ added_VVN to_II the_AT original_JJ signal_NN1 using_VVG the_AT command_NN1 "_" awgn_NN1 "_" in_II MATLAB_NP1 ._. 
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Thermocline_VV0 depth_NN1 (_( thermD_NN1 )_) was_VBDZ a_AT1 difficult_JJ parameter_NN1 to_TO model_VVI with_IW the_AT poorest_JJT PRE_II and_CC NMAE_NP1 values_NN2 (_( Table_NN1 3_MC &Table;_NULL B1_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT combination_NN1 of_IO nonlinearity_NN1 into_II material_NN1 or_CC boundary_NN1 periodicity_NN1 may_VM produce_VVI many_DA2 new_JJ wave_NN1 phenomena_NN2 including_II the_AT gap_NN1 solitons_NN2 &lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, tunable_JJ band_NN1 gaps_NN2 &lsqb;_( 14_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, envelope_NN1 and_CC dark_JJ solitons_NN2 &lsqb;_( 15_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) to_TO name_VVI a_AT1 few_DA2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT width_NN1 and_CC thickness_NN1 of_IO weld_NN1 lands_NN2 are_VBR 131.3mm_NNU and_CC 7.0mm_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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As_CSA per_II Liu_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2009_MC )_) and_CC Fu_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2014_MC )_) ,_, the_AT threshold_NN1 of_IO damage_NN1 is_VBZ defined_VVN asa_NN1 10%_NNU reduction_NN1 in_II the_AT P-wave_JJ velocity_NN1 as_CSA compared_VVN to_II the_AT P-wave_JJ velocity_NN1 of_IO the_AT undisturbed_JJ rock_NN1 mass_NN1 and_CC computed_VVN at_II each_DD1 coring_JJ locations_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 obtained_VVN by_II applying_VVG the_AT proposed_JJ procedure_NN1 to_II the_AT experimental_JJ signals_NN2 reveal_VV0 that_CST the_AT proposed_JJ signal_NN1 can_VM be_VBI effectively_RR used_VVN for_IF bearing_VVG fault_NN1 diagnosis_NN1 under_II time-varying_JJ speed_NN1 conditions_NN2 without_IW tachometers_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT addition_NN1 of_IO 5_MC wt%_FO of_IO metakaolin_NN1 decreases_VVZ also_RR the_AT porosity_NN1 compared_VVN to_II the_AT samples_NN2 only_RR containing_VVG dolomite_NN1 or_CC limestone_NN1 ._. 
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Instead_II21 of_II22 a_AT1 twin_NN1 box_NN1 design_NN1 ,_, the_AT present_JJ paper_NN1 investigates_VVZ a_AT1 novel_JJ triple-box_JJ girder_NN1 design_NN1 in_II which_DDQ the_AT traffic_NN1 lanes_NN2 are_VBR located_VVN on_II the_AT central_JJ box_NN1 close_RR to_II the_AT elastic_JJ axis_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 27_MC shows_VVZ Von_NP1 Misses_NP1 stress_NN1 under_II cyclic_JJ load_NN1 for_IF CT20-TH12-SW_NP1 in_II ANSYS_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 lowpass_NN1 analog_NN1 filter_NN1 was_VBDZ set_VVN with_IW a_AT1 cutoff_NN1 frequency_NN1 of_IO 100Hz_FO ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 indicate_VV0 that_DD1 UV/PS_FU can_VM considerably_RR degrade_VVI and_CC partially_RR mineralize_VVI NOM_NN1 in_II surface_NN1 water_NN1 ,_, particularly_RR at_II higher_JJR PS_NN1 doses_NN2 ._. 
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By_II comparing_VVG the_AT discrepancies_NN2 between_II the_AT actual_JJ neutral_JJ Top_NN1 and_CC the_AT predictive_JJ one_PN1 ,_, it_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_CST the_AT actual_JJ neutral_JJ temperature_NN1 was_VBDZ much_RR closer_JJR to_II that_DD1 of_IO the_AT UC-Berkeley_NP1 model_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 deviation_NN1 of_IO about_II 0.8°C_FO ,_, whereas_CS the_AT neutral_JJ Top_NN1 of_IO PMV_NP1 was_VBDZ much_RR higher_JJR ,_, by_II 2.21°C_FO ,_, than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO the_AT actual_JJ value_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 investigated_VVD the_AT relationships_NN2 between_II occupants_NN2 '_NULL indoor_JJ thermal_JJ experience_NN1 and_CC their_APPGE thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 perception_NN1 ._. 
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Owing_II21 to_II22 the_AT oxygen_NN1 carrier_NN1 regeneration_NN1 being_VBG highly_RR exothermic_JJ ,_, the_AT temperature_NN1 in_II the_AT oxidation_NN1 stage_NN1 (_( 4_MC )_) rose_VVD ,_, typically_RR between_II 10°C_NNU and_CC 15°C_NNU ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, sunflower_VV0 oil_NN1 was_VBDZ proven_VVN to_TO have_VHI a_AT1 positive_JJ effect_NN1 on_II bitumen_NN1 rejuvenation_NN1 &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 24_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT flooding_NN1 shut_VVD down_RP the_AT railroad_NN1 between_II the_AT state_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 two_MC largest_JJT cities_NN2 and_CC affected_VVN numerous_JJ other_JJ communities_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT global_JJ yielding_JJ of_IO SQ2S_FO was_VBDZ established_VVN for_IF the_AT negative_JJ direction_NN1 ,_, in_II which_DDQ the_AT full_JJ cyclic_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT wall_NN1 was_VBDZ captured_VVN ._. 
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The_AT water_NN1 in_II the_AT finest_JJT inter-layer_JJ pores_NN2 is_VBZ adsorbed_VVN too_RG strongly_RR to_TO be_VBI removed_VVN through_II gentle_JJ drying_NN1 at_II room_NN1 temperature_NN1 ._. 
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Where_RRQ increases_NN2 ,_, as_II21 of_II22 Fig._NN1 20(c)_FO and_CC (_( d_ZZ1 )_) ,_, the_AT rubber_JJ particles_NN2 close_VV0 up_RP ,_, forming_VVG a_AT1 mesh_NN1 ._. 
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Meanwhile_RR ,_, the_AT secondary_JJ TLV_NP1 (_( label_VV0 C_ZZ1 )_) forms_VVZ in_II the_AT tip_NN1 clearance_NN1 with_IW strong_JJ pressure_NN1 fluctuation_NN1 presented_VVN by_II the_AT red_JJ contour_NN1 ._. 
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Seismically_RR active_JJ regions_NN2 of_IO Hindukush_NP1 ,_, Chile_NP1 and_CC Southern_JJ California_NP1 are_VBR considered_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 for_IF modelling_VVG earthquakes_NN2 and_CC seismic_JJ indicators_NN2 through_II GP-AdaBoost_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT shape_NN1 factor_NN1 was_VBDZ found_VVN to_TO be_VBI due_II21 to_II22 the_AT increased_JJ percentage_NN1 of_IO energy_NN1 stored_VVN in_II bending_VVG of_IO fibers_NN2 and_CC in_II contact_NN1 regions_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT as-received_JJ wood_NN1 char_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 size_NN1 of_IO approximately_RR 5mm_NNU ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ reduced_VVN to_II 200-1000m_NNU when_CS the_AT fuel_NN1 is_VBZ passed_VVN through_II the_AT feeding_JJ screw_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT ductility_NN1 index_NN1 of_IO RU-NS_NN2 beams_NN2 decreased_VVN as_II the_AT reinforcement_NN1 increased_VVD ._. 
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For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, some_DD MCDA*_FO methods_NN2 may_VM simultaneously_RR contain_VVI portions_NN2 from_II MADM_NP1 and_CC MODM_NP1 (_( Zimmermann_NP1 and_CC Gutsche_NP1 ,_, 1991_MC )_) ._. 
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Fitting_JJ parameters_NN2 of_IO fatigue_NN1 equation_NN1 under_II different_JJ stress_NN1 states_NN2 based_VVN on_II stress_NN1 ratio_NN1 ._. 
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Waste_VV0 activated_JJ sludge_NN1 (_( WAS_VBDZ )_) used_VVD in_II the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 was_VBDZ collected_VVN from_II the_AT discharge_NN1 of_IO the_AT secondary_JJ clarifier_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 local_JJ full-scale_JJ WWTP_NP1 located_VVD in_II Tsukuba_NP1 City_NN1 ,_, Japan_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 increase_NN1 in_II porosity_NN1 not_XX only_RR increases_VVZ the_AT diffusion_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO sulfate_NN1 ion_NN1 into_II concrete_NN1 ,_, but_CCB also_RR allows_VVZ the_AT concrete_JJ to_TO accommodate_VVI more_DAR salt_NN1 crystallization_NN1 and_CC generation_NN1 of_IO gypsum_NN1 and_CC ettringite_NN1 ._. 
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Relative_JJ sea-level_JJ rise_NN1 threatens_VVZ this_DD1 delta_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, and_CC the_AT system_NN1 remains_VVZ quite_RG vulnerable_JJ to_II removal_NN1 via_II erosion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT point_NN1 loads_NN2 were_VBDR applied_VVN to_II the_AT lower_JJR part_NN1 of_IO the_AT web_NN1 at_II the_AT web-to-flange_JJ junction_NN1 to_TO prevent_VVI web_NN1 crippling_VVG under_II concentrated_JJ loading_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, Ginsberg_NP1 &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) calculated_VVD the_AT dynamic_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 simply_RR supported_VVN thin_JJ cylindrical_JJ shell_NN1 under_II harmonic_JJ excitations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT presence_NN1 of_IO abrasion_NN1 likely_RR resulted_VVN in_II different_JJ values_NN2 for_IF COF_NP1 (_( 0.356_MC ,_, 0.325_MC ,_, 0.315_MC ,_, and_CC 0.341_MC ,_, corresponding_VVG to_II Tests_NN2 1-1_MCMC ,_, 1-2_MCMC ,_, 1-3_MCMC ,_, and_CC 1-4_MCMC ,_, and_CC 0.279_MC and_CC 0.263_MC ,_, corresponding_VVG to_II Tests_NN2 2-1_MCMC and_CC 2-2_MCMC )_) ._. 
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<s>
HA_UH samples_NN2 generally_RR presented_VVN dense_JJ microstructures_NN2 with_IW firmly_RR blended_JJ nesquehonite_NN1 layers_NN2 ,_, whereas_CS a_AT1 mix_NN1 of_IO hydromagnesite/dypingite_NN1 along_II21 with_II22 nesquehonite_NN1 needles_NN2 were_VBDR observed_VVN within_II H2O_FO samples_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Two_MC lines_NN2 are_VBR provided_VVN to_TO divide_VVI the_AT design_NN1 space_NN1 into_II three_MC regions_NN2 that_CST correspond_VV0 to_II the_AT three_MC levels_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT specific_JJ example_NN1 ,_, an_AT1 error_NN1 less_DAR than_CSN 10%_NNU is_VBZ observed_VVN for_IF structures_NN2 more_DAR than_CSN 6_MC stories_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
That_REX21 is_REX22 ,_, to_TO know_VVI whether_CSW the_AT event_NN1 forecast_NN1 occurred_VVD or_CC not_XX ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 should_VM be_VBI noted_VVN that_CST ,_, due_II21 to_II22 the_AT probability_NN1 of_IO overlapping_JJ weight_NN1 losses_NN2 in_II this_DD1 temperature_NN1 interval_NN1 ,_, the_AT signal_NN1 recorded_VVN might_VM not_XX exclusively_RR originate_VVI from_II the_AT decomposition_NN1 of_IO hydrotalcite_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II the_AT kp-Ritz_NP1 method_NN1 ,_, Lei_FW et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 23_MC &rsqb;_) investigated_VVD the_AT dynamic_JJ buckling_NN1 of_IO carbon_NN1 nanotube-reinforced_NN1 functionally_RR graded_VVD cylindrical_JJ panels_NN2 under_II periodic_JJ loadings_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Guo_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC ,_, Guo_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) conducted_VVD brittle-film_JJ cracking_JJ experiments_NN2 on_II a_AT1 ductile_JJ substrate_NN1 to_TO study_VVI the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO external_JJ applied_JJ stress_NN1 and_CC film_NN1 elastic_NN1 properties_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4a_FO ,_, there_EX are_VBR two_MC fracture_NN1 surfaces_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ are_VBR naturally_RR transformed_VVN into_II a_AT1 series_NN of_IO spatial_JJ triangular_JJ faces_NN2 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4b_FO ._. 
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<s>
They_PPHS2 demonstrated_VVD the_AT nucleation_NN1 and_CC growth_NN1 of_IO several_DA2 austenitic_JJ grains_NN2 ,_, depending_II21 on_II22 various_JJ annealing_JJ cycles_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 information_NN1 is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO determine_VVI the_AT relative_JJ error_NN1 scale_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW boundary_NN1 forcing_VVG and_CC observed_VVN data_NN for_IF each_DD1 lake_NN1 (_( Table_NN1 A2b_FO )_) ,_, where_CS low_RR refers_VVZ to_II low_JJ uncertainty_NN1 in_II forcing_VVG data_NN and_CC high_RR indicates_VVZ a_AT1 higher_JJR level_NN1 of_IO error_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW model_NN1 input_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Ingeli_NN2 and_CC ekon_NN1 &lsqb;_( 63_MC &rsqb;_) evaluated_VVD the_AT energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 and_CC design_NN1 features_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 Slovakian_JJ example_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 net_JJ zero_NN1 energy_NN1 house_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS the_AT generated_JJ energies_NN2 are_VBR affected_VVN by_II the_AT input_NN1 energies_NN2 ,_, the_AT systems_NN2 employing_VVG the_AT TIMETs_NP2 show_VV0 more_RGR effective_JJ energy_NN1 conversion_NN1 ratios_NN2 than_CSN the_AT TMD_NP1 with_IW ET_NP1 systems_NN2 for_IF the_AT three_MC input_NN1 earthquake_NN1 records_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Lower_JJR yield_NN1 of_IO biomethane_NN1 was_VBDZ found_VVN from_II Microcystis_NP1 spp_NNU ._. 
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<s>
In_II contrast_NN1 ,_, ADPE_NP1 and_CC ADPF_NP1 were_VBDR primarily_RR due_II21 to_II22 CO2_FO capture_VV0 system_NN1 manufacturing_NN1 ,_, with_IW a_AT1 contribution_NN1 of_IO 60%_NNU and_CC 90%_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
But_CCB to_II the_AT different_JJ stress_NN1 states_NN2 ,_, the_AT parameter_NN1 n_ZZ1 of_IO these_DD2 two_MC S-N_NN1 fatigue_NN1 equations_NN2 are_VBR very_RG different_JJ ,_, and_CC that_DD1 of_IO compressive_JJ fatigue_NN1 tests_NN2 are_VBR the_AT largest_JJT ,_, and_CC that_DD1 of_IO tensile_JJ fatigue_NN1 tests_NN2 are_VBR the_AT smallest_JJT ._. 
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<s>
Life_NN1 cycle_NN1 energy_NN1 use_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 building_NN1 is_VBZ summation_NN1 of_IO EE_UH and_CC OE_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Similar_JJ to_II the_AT results_NN2 of_IO the_AT neutral_JJ Top_NN1 ,_, the_AT differences_NN2 between_II the_AT PMV_NP1 and_CC the_AT other_JJ thermal_JJ indicators_NN2 were_VBDR large_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Weger_VV0 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 30_MC ,_, 31_MC &rsqb;_) described_VVD another_DD1 selective_JJ binding_JJ method_NN1 in_II 2016_MC -_- selective_JJ paste_NN1 intrusion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Evaluate_VV0 the_AT torsion_NN1 rotation_NN1 demand_NN1 on_II the_AT panels_NN2 by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 an_AT1 elastic_JJ response_NN1 spectrum_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA concluded_VVN ,_, the_AT brushes_NN2 remarkably_RR improve_VV0 the_AT thermal_JJ outputs_NN2 of_IO the_AT thermal_JJ energy_NN1 storage_NN1 tanks_NN2 ,_, resulting_VVG in_II reduction_NN1 in_II cost_NN1 and_CC space_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Wegmann_VV0 et_NP1 al.24_FO approximated_VVD the_AT thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO frozen_JJ rock_NN1 by_II thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO dry_JJ sample_NN1 ,_, saturated_JJ sample_NN1 ,_, water_NN1 and_CC ice_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 phases_NN2 are_VBR referred_VVN to_II as_CSA "_" expansion_NN1 areas_NN2 ._. "_" 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 when_CS normalizing_VVG PFA_NP1 and_CC PCA_NN1 responses_NN2 ,_, 0.4_MC SDS_NP1 is_VBZ used_VVN instead_II21 of_II22 the_AT PGA_NP1 of_IO the_AT spectrumcompatible_JJ record_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT test_NN1 parameters_NN2 included_VVD the_AT number_NN1 of_IO fabric_NN1 plies_NN2 (_( 1-4_MCMC )_) ,_, the_AT FRCM_NP1 repair_NN1 scheme_NN1 (_( end-anchored_NN1 and_CC continuous_JJ U-wrapped_NN1 strips_VVZ )_) ,_, and_CC FRCM_NP1 materials_NN2 &lsqb;_( carbon_NN1 and_CC polyparaphenylene_NN1 benzobisoxazole_NN1 (_( PBO_NP1 )_) &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Considering_CS the_AT potential_JJ negative_JJ effects_NN2 of_IO time_NNT1 compression_NN1 in_II postdisaster_NN1 environments_NN2 ,_, the_AT congressional_JJ mandate_NN1 written_VVN into_II the_AT Emergency_NN1 Relief_NN1 program_NN1 that_CST required_JJ grants_NN2 to_TO be_VBI written_VVN and_CC executed_VVN within_II the_AT 1-year_JJ period_NN1 following_VVG a_AT1 disaster_NN1 declaration_NN1 exacerbated_VVD already_RR impacted_VVD processes_NN2 (_( Olshansky_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Sweden_NP1 is_VBZ the_AT world_NN1 leader_NN1 in_II the_AT use_NN1 of_IO biomethane_NN1 in_II transport_NN1 ,_, with_IW a_AT1 share_NN1 of_IO 75%_NNU of_IO the_AT biomethane_NN1 used_VVN in_II the_AT European_JJ Union_NN1 in_II transport_NN1 and_CC with_IW 205_MC biomethane_NN1 filling_NN1 stations_NN2 &lsqb;_( 20,25_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 model_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 have_VH0 incorporated_VVN the_AT renewable_JJ energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 for_IF capturing_VVG its_APPGE effect_NN1 on_II environmental_JJ quality_NN1 in_II India_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II these_DD2 cases_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 second_MD investigation_NN1 was_VBDZ carried_VVN out_RP ,_, where_CS the_AT values_NN2 of_IO the_AT imposed_JJ loads_NN2 were_VBDR increased_VVN and_CC their_APPGE proportions_NN2 was_VBDZ not_XX changed_VVN until_CS either_RR the_AT ultimate_JJ displacement_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 connection_NN1 or_CC the_AT compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO timber_NN1 was_VBDZ attained_VVN ._. 
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<s>
When_CS the_AT flow_NN1 reached_VVD the_AT area_NN1 known_VVN as_II the_AT "_" 590-m_JJ height_NN1 "_" at_II the_AT elevation_NN1 of_IO 590m_NNU ,_, the_AT flow_NN1 directions_NN2 of_IO many_DA2 sliding_JJ rocks/soils_NN2 shifted_VVN northward_RL ,_, and_CC the_AT avalanche_NN1 divided_VVN into_II 3_MC flow_NN1 paths_NN2 ,_, refer_VV0 to_II as_CSA Routes_NN2 A_ZZ1 ,_, B_ZZ1 ,_, and_CC C._NP1 The_AT scar_NN1 of_IO the_AT landslide_NN1 dam_NN1 on_II the_AT west_ND1 bank_NN1 of_IO the_AT Chishan_NP1 River_NNL1 is_VBZ evidence_NN1 of_IO the_AT three-dimensional_JJ (_( 3D_NNU )_) movements_NN2 of_IO the_AT blocks_NN2 because_CS the_AT arrangement_NN1 of_IO the_AT source_NN1 area_NN1 ,_, the_AT area_NN1 at_II 590-m_JJ ,_, and_CC the_AT landslide_NN1 dam_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX rectilinear_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Share_NN1 of_IO different_JJ processes_NN2 for_IF biogas_NN2 in_II Europe_NP1 in_II 2015_MC &lsqb;_( 20_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 interaction_NN1 includes_VVZ the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO shadowing_VVG ,_, long-wave_JJ radiation_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 reflectance_NN1 of_IO the_AT buildings_NN2 ,_, and_CC thermal_JJ boundary_NN1 layer_NN1 for_IF the_AT cluster_NN1 of_IO buildings_NN2 &lsqb;_( 22_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 work_NN1 was_VBDZ supported_VVN by_II National_JJ Natural_JJ Science_NN1 Foundation_NN1 of_IO China_NP1 (_( Grant_NP1 No._NN1 51608076_MC )_) ,_, Chongqing_VVG Science_NN1 and_CC Technology_NN1 Commission_NN1 (_( Grant_NP1 No._NN1 cstc2016shmszx30016_FO )_) ,_, Chongqing_VVG Construction_NN1 Science_NN1 and_CC Technology_NN1 Planning_NN1 Project_NN1 (_( Grant_NP1 No._NN1 2015-1-34_MCMC )_) ,_, graduate_VV0 scientific_JJ research_NN1 and_CC innovation_NN1 foundation_NN1 of_IO Chongqing_NP1 ,_, China_NP1 (_( Grant_VV0 No_UH ._. 
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<s>
CYB16006_FO )_) and_CC the_AT 111Project_FO ,_, No_UH ._. 
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<s>
B13041_FO ._. 
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<s>
Inclusion_NN1 of_IO lower_JJR wind_NN1 speeds_NN2 leads_VVZ to_II higher_JJR scatter_NN1 in_II the_AT range_NN1 of_IO ventilation_NN1 rates_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 10_MC presents_VVZ the_AT proposed_JJ calculation_NN1 procedure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
CTC_NP1 bumper_JJ beam_NN1 adds_VVZ a_AT1 plastic_NN1 hinge_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ implies_VVZ the_AT energy_NN1 absorption_NN1 capacity_NN1 will_VM be_VBI increased_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS an_AT1 appropriate_JJ construction_NN1 method_NN1 contributes_VVZ to_II minimizing_VVG the_AT excavation-induced_JJ impact_NN1 on_II existing_JJ facilities_NN2 ,_, few_DA2 studies_NN2 have_VH0 focused_VVN on_II the_AT comparison_NN1 and_CC optimization_NN1 of_IO the_AT construction_NN1 methods_NN2 for_IF engineering_NN1 projects_NN2 in_II practice_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Wessex_NP1 water_NN1 employed_VVD an_AT1 ultrasonic_JJ pre-treatment_JJ system_NN1 to_TO treat_VVI the_AT industrial_JJ and_CC domestic_JJ mixed_JJ sludge_NN1 prior_II21 to_II22 its_APPGE anaerobic_JJ digestion_NN1 ,_, and_CC found_VVD that_CST ultrasonic_JJ pre-treatment_NN1 improved_VVN VS_II destruction_NN1 by_II 20%_NNU (_( Wang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 review_NN1 will_VM facilitate_VVI application_NN1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT applicable_JJ methods_NN2 to_TO measure_VVI or_CC predict_VVI persistence_NN1 in_II rock_NN1 engineering_NN1 projects_NN2 ,_, and_CC recommended_VVD approaches_NN2 for_IF the_AT quantification_NN1 of_IO discontinuity_NN1 persistence_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 phenomenon_NN1 was_VBDZ present_JJ before_II the_AT injection_NN1 began_VVD ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, an_AT1 artificial_JJ neural_JJ network_NN1 (_( ANN_NP1 )_) -based_JJ reinforcement_NN1 learning_NN1 (_( RL_NP1 )_) was_VBDZ employed_VVN for_IF PMSG_NP1 to_TO achieve_VVI MPPT_NP1 ,_, which_DDQ enables_VVZ the_AT WECS_NP2 to_TO behave_VVI like_II an_AT1 intelligent_JJ agent_NN1 with_IW memory_NN1 to_TO learn_VVI from_II its_APPGE own_DA experience_NN1 ,_, thus_RR improving_VVG the_AT learning_NN1 efficiency_NN1 &lsqb;_( 24_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT comparison_NN1 of_IO microstructures_NN2 for_IF samples_NN2 with_IW mixture_NN1 design_NN1 Nos._NN2 2-5_MCMC :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) ,_, No._NN1 2_MC ;_; (_( c_ZZ1 )_) and_CC (_( d_ZZ1 )_) ,_, No._NN1 3_MC ;_; (_( e_ZZ1 )_) and_CC (_( f_ZZ1 )_) ,_, No._NN1 4_MC ;_; (_( g_ZZ1 )_) and_CC (_( h_ZZ1 )_) ,_, No._NN1 5_MC ._. 
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<s>
Huang_VV0 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
</s>
<s>
(_( 2013_MC )_) researched_VVN the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO weak_JJ interlayer_NN1 on_II the_AT failure_NN1 pattern_NN1 of_IO rock_NN1 mass_NN1 around_II tunnel_NN1 by_II numerical_JJ simulation_NN1 and_CC physical_JJ model_NN1 test_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
There_EX are_VBR also_RR other_JJ subpixel_NN1 techniques_NN2 that_CST are_VBR based_VVN on_II Newton-Raphson_NP1 method_NN1 &lsqb;_( 87_MC &rsqb;_) and_CC gradient-based_JJ methods_NN2 &lsqb;_( 88_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
After_CS nitrite_NN1 addition_NN1 ,_, all_DB fermenters_NN2 were_VBDR flushed_VVN with_IW N2_FO for_IF 5min_NNU to_TO guarantee_VVI anaerobic_JJ condition_NN1 before_II being_VBG capped_VVN with_IW rubber_JJ stoppers_NN2 ,_, sealed_VVD ,_, and_CC placed_VVN in_II a_AT1 temperature-controlled_JJ shaker_NN1 (_( 35±2°C_FO ,_, 150rpm_NNU )_) ._. 
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<s>
As_II a_AT1 future_JJ work_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 would_VM be_VBI interesting_JJ to_TO study_VVI the_AT effectiveness_NN1 of_IO the_AT derived_JJ optimal_JJ solutions_NN2 under_II the_AT scenarios_NN2 of_IO climate_NN1 change_NN1 ,_, while_CS a_AT1 group_NN1 of_IO residential_JJ buildings_NN2 with_IW more_RGR complicated_JJ building_NN1 forms_VVZ within_II a_AT1 living-district_NN1 are_VBR considered_VVN ._. 
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<s>
In_II an_AT1 extrinsic_JJ system_NN1 ,_, the_AT healing_NN1 process_NN1 is_VBZ typically_RR activated_VVN by_II cracks_NN2 that_CST interact_VV0 with_IW the_AT capsules_NN2 (_( White_NP1 ,_, Sottos_NP1 ,_, Geubelle_NP1 ,_, Moore_NP1 ,_, Kessler_NP1 ,_, Sriram_NP1 ,_, Brown_NP1 ,_, Viswanathan_NP1 ,_, 2001_MC ,_, Kessler_NP1 ,_, Sottos_NP1 ,_, White_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC ,_, Carabat_NP1 ,_, van_NP1 der_NP1 Zwaag_NP1 ,_, Sloof_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Here_RL most_DAT of_IO the_AT warm_JJ (_( above_II normal_JJ )_) observed_VVD events_NN2 where_CS predicted_VVN by_II most_DAT of_IO the_AT ensemble_NN1 members_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, red_JJ sandstone_NN1 was_VBDZ taken_VVN from_II Linyi_JJ city_NN1 ,_, Shandong_NP1 province_NN1 ,_, China_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Helmons_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016a_FO ,_, Helmons_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016b_FO and_CC Helmons_NP1 (_( 2017_MC )_) coupled_VVD the_AT DEM_FW with_IW the_AT Smoothed_JJ Particle_NN1 approach_NN1 to_TO study_VVI the_AT pore_NN1 fluid_NN1 pressure_NN1 effect_NN1 in_II the_AT cutting_NN1 process_NN1 on_II saturated_JJ rock_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT stress-based_NN1 (_( maximum_JJ principal_JJ stress_NN1 )_) damage_NN1 initiation_NN1 criteria_NN2 was_VBDZ used_VVN for_IF the_AT emergence_NN1 and_CC propagation_NN1 of_IO cracks_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
An_AT1 example_NN1 is_VBZ floor_NN1 type_NN1 in_II tall_JJ buildings_NN2 that_CST is_VBZ found_VVN to_TO be_VBI the_AT most_RGT critical_JJ component_NN1 of_IO structure_NN1 in_II these_DD2 buildings_NN2 in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 EE_UH ,_, yet_RR ,_, floor_NN1 weight_NN1 reduction_NN1 does_VDZ not_XX lead_VVI to_II reduction_NN1 of_IO EE_UH &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT last_MD decade_NNT1 ,_, the_AT use_NN1 of_IO nanotechnology_NN1 and_CC the_AT production_NN1 and_CC usage_NN1 of_IO nano-scale_JJ particles_NN2 has_VHZ increased_VVN significantly_RR ,_, leading_VVG to_II advancements_NN2 in_II many_DA2 disciplines_NN2 ,_, including_II medicine_NN1 ,_, materials_NN2 science_NN1 ,_, and_CC engineering_NN1 &lsqb;_( 49_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 50_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT highly_RR crystallized_VVN Sb2Se3_FO films_NN2 prepared_VVN at_II Tsub_NP1 of_IO 325_MC °C_NNU showed_VVD an_AT1 Eg_REX of_IO 1.23_MC eV_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ was_VBDZ close_JJ to_II the_AT value_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 single_JJ crystal_NN1 of_IO Sb2Se3&lsqb;8&rsqb;_FO ._. 
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<s>
Latour_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 23_MC &rsqb;_) recently_RR carried_VVN out_RP an_AT1 experimental_JJ study_NN1 on_II SFCs_NP1 with_IW the_AT friction_NN1 damper_NN1 applied_VVN by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 an_AT1 additional_JJ haunch_NN1 welded_VVN to_II the_AT lower_JJR flange_NN1 of_IO the_AT beam_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT experiment_NN1 was_VBDZ conducted_VVN in_II Pahang_NP1 ,_, Malaysia_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Especially_RR ,_, in_II the_AT simulation_NN1 process_NN1 ,_, skew_VV0 angles_NN2 (_( θ_NULL )_) are_VBR uniformly_RR distributed_VVN between_II 0_MC and_CC 60°_NNU (_( 1.047rad_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, VMA_NP1 was_VBDZ also_RR added_VVN into_II M2.2-C_NP1 ,_, that_DD1 is_VBZ M2.2VMA-C_JJ ,_, to_TO improve_VVI the_AT fiber_NN1 dispersion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO simulate_VVI the_AT experimental_JJ results_NN2 of_IO the_AT repaired_JJ specimens_NN2 ,_, two_MC numerical_JJ models_NN2 ,_, Model_NN1 Fiber_NN1 and_CC Model_NN1 RS_NN1 ,_, were_VBDR developed_VVN in_II OpenSees_NP1 considering_II the_AT bond-slip_JJ effect_NN1 ,_, damaged_JJ steel_NN1 properties_NN2 ,_, and_CC low-cycle_JJ fatigue_NN1 of_IO steel_NN1 bars_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, one_PN1 should_VM expect_VVI to_TO get_VVI comparable_JJ results_NN2 as_CSA in_II experimental_JJ tests_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT temperature_NN1 increase_NN1 at_II the_AT center_NN1 was_VBDZ 51°C_NNU after_II 16.8_MC h_ZZ1 of_IO casting_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ decreased_VVD to_II the_AT ambient_JJ temperature_NN1 approximately_RR 40_MC h_ZZ1 after_II casting_VVG ,_, which_DDQ was_VBDZ significantly_RR faster_RRR than_CSN the_AT other_JJ specimens_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
During_II the_AT earthquake_NN1 motions_NN2 in_II 1967_MC ,_, Koyna_NP1 dam_NN1 was_VBDZ subjected_VVN to_II both_RR transverse_JJ and_CC vertical_JJ components_NN2 of_IO the_AT ground_NN1 accelerations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ also_RR worth_II noticing_VVG the_AT small_JJ amplitude_NN1 oscillations_NN2 at_II the_AT tails_NN2 of_IO the_AT 5Hz_FO response_NN1 (_( Figures_VVZ 25A_FO and_CC 26A_FO )_) ;_; these_DD2 smallamplitude_NN1 limit_NN1 cycle_NN1 oscillations_NN2 are_VBR discussed_VVN in_II detail_NN1 by_II Stefanaki_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT base_NN1 pocket_NN1 foundation_NN1 was_VBDZ modelled_VVN as_II a_AT1 perfectly_RR rigid_JJ connection_NN1 (_( see_VV0 &lsqb;_( 59_MC &rsqb;_) for_IF experimental_JJ evidence_NN1 )_) ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT moment-resisting_NN1 adapted_VVD beam-column_JJ joints_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Chastas_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
</s>
<s>
&lsqb;_( 11_MC &rsqb;_) conducted_VVD a_AT1 literature_NN1 review_NN1 on_II Life_NN1 Cycle_NN1 Energy_NN1 Analysis_NN1 (_( LCEA_NP1 )_) studies_NN2 in_II residential_JJ buildings_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA discussed_VVN in_II the_AT "_" Funding_NN1 Round_II Three_MC :_: A_ZZ1 Hybrid_JJ Equilibrist_NN1 and_CC Evolutionary_JJ Aapproach_NN1 "_" section_NN1 ,_, the_AT FTA_NN1 evaluation_NN1 methodology_NN1 prioritized_VVD projects_NN2 designed_VVN to_TO protect_VVI the_AT most_RGT vulnerable_JJ assets_NN2 ._. 
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Both_DB2 tailings_NN2 were_VBDR largely_RR composed_VVN of_IO silicate-based_JJ minerals_NN2 ,_, including_II quartz_NN1 ,_, chlorite_NN1 ,_, and_CC albite_NN1 correlating_VVG properly_RR with_IW the_AT elemental_JJ compositions_NN2 obtained_VVN by_II ICP-AES_NP2 ._. 
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Since_CS the_AT CFRP_NP1 has_VHZ higher_JJR elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO the_AT GFRP_NP1 ,_, the_AT life_NN1 elongation_NN1 ratio_NN1 of_IO Test_NN1 7_MC reaches_VVZ 4.18_MC ,_, demonstrating_VVG that_DD1 CFRP-based_JJ strengthening_NN1 is_VBZ very_RG effective_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Using_VVG a_AT1 fixed_JJ zoom_NN1 lens_NN1 and_CC an_AT1 angle_NN1 measurement_NN1 device_NN1 can_VM minimize_VVI such_DA errors_NN2 ._. 
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Acid_NN1 soluble_JJ sodium_NN1 mostly_RR is_VBZ sodium_NN1 carbonates_NN2 and_CC sulfates_NN2 ._. 
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At_II this_DD1 point_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ worth_II noting_VVG that_CST Colombi_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2016b_FO )_) have_VH0 also_RR investigated_VVN the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO natural_JJ periodic_JJ structures_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 forests_NN2 ,_, in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 surface_NN1 Rayleigh_NP1 wave_NN1 attenuation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
If_CS the_AT threads_NN2 encounter_VV0 divergent_JJ computation_NN1 paths_NN2 ,_, they_PPHS2 will_VM process_VVI the_AT paths_NN2 sequentially_RR and_CC the_AT kernel_NN1 has_VHZ to_TO wait_VVI for_IF both_DB2 branches_NN2 to_TO finish_VVI computation_NN1 before_II moving_VVG forward_RL ._. 
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Respondents_NN2 '_NULL rating_NN1 of_IO the_AT vested-interest_JJ levels_NN2 (_( v_ZZ1 )_) and_CC impact_NN1 levels_NN2 (_( i_ZZ1 )_) of_IO different_JJ stakeholder_NN1 groups_NN2 during_II post-occupancy_NN1 of_IO GB_NP1 ._. 
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Resource_VV0 allocation_NN1 also_RR slightly_RR increases_VVZ in_II Region_NN1 R4_FO ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, the_AT tensile_JJ stress-strain_JJ behaviours_NN2 of_IO the_AT 3DP_FO sample_NN1 and_CC the_AT prototype_NN1 volcanic_JJ rock_NN1 are_VBR almost_RR identical_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, when_CS the_AT rock_NN1 reaches_VVZ the_AT critical_JJ shear_VV0 strain_NN1 energy_NN1 leading_VVG to_TO rock_VVI failure_NN1 ,_, the_AT higher_RRR shear_VV0 stress_NN1 provided_VVN by_II the_AT differential_JJ stress_NN1 (_( 1-3_MCMC )_) is_VBZ needed_VVN ._. 
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Fig._NN1 5_MC shows_VVZ the_AT stress_NN1 distributions_NN2 in_II the_AT soil_NN1 near_II the_AT tunnel_NN1 and_CC retaining_VVG structures_NN2 before_II and_CC after_CS the_AT excavation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 dampers_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN developed_VVN for_IF different_JJ yielding_JJ methods_NN2 ,_, among_II which_DDQ the_AT common_JJ types_NN2 mostly_RR utilize_VV0 shear_VV0 yielding_JJ ,_, 5_MC ,_, 6_MC flexural_JJ yielding_JJ ,_, 7_MC ,_, 8_MC and_CC axial_JJ yielding.9-Aimed_NN1 at_II performancebased_JJ design_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ necessary_JJ to_TO rationally_RR design_VVI structures_NN2 equipped_VVN with_IW EDDs_NN2 to_TO satisfy_VVI different_JJ performance_NN1 requirements_NN2 for_IF different_JJ seismic_JJ intensities_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT further_JJR development_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 lead-based_JJ materials_NN2 is_VBZ restricted_VVN by_II the_AT toxic_JJ heavy-metal_JJ element_NN1 Pb_FO ._. 
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<s>
Herein_RR ,_, we_PPIS2 present_VV0 a_AT1 method_NN1 to_TO fabricate_VVI high-quality_JJ lead-free_JJ Cs3Bi2I9_FO perovskite_NN1 nanosheets_VVZ film_NN1 and_CC further_RRR explore_VV0 its_APPGE potential_JJ application_NN1 in_II solar_JJ cells_NN2 with_IW three_MC different_JJ kinds_NN2 of_IO hole_NN1 transport_NN1 materials_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Where_CS conditional_JJ dependence_NN1 is_VBZ present_JJ ,_, the_AT probability_NN1 values_NN2 may_VM be_VBI inflated_VVN ,_, or_CC deflated_VVD ._. 
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<s>
The_AT last_MD three_MC types_NN2 were_VBDR rarely_RR mentioned_VVN in_II the_AT hazard_NN1 news_NN1 items_NN2 ;_; therefore_RR ,_, this_DD1 paper_NN1 focused_VVN on_II the_AT analysis_NN1 of_IO the_AT meteorological_JJ and_CC geological_JJ hazards_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT experimental_JJ results_NN2 of_IO Set_NN1 I_ZZ1 ,_, a_AT1 lower_JJR value_NN1 of_IO R_ZZ1 (_( 5.10_MC )_) is_VBZ obtained_VVN with_IW an_AT1 initial_JJ SDBS_NP1 concentration_NN1 of_IO 50_MC mg/L_NNU ,_, while_CS the_AT value_NN1 of_IO R_ZZ1 increases_VVZ to_II 5.62_MC with_IW an_AT1 initial_JJ SDBS_NP1 concentration_NN1 of_IO 32_MC mg/L_NNU ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI regarded_VVN that_CST a_AT1 slightly_RR higher_JJR concentration_NN1 of_IO SDBS_NP1 is_VBZ able_JK to_TO overcome_VVI part_NN1 of_IO the_AT mass_JJ transfer_NN1 resistance_NN1 ,_, resulting_VVG in_II a_AT1 lower_JJR value_NN1 of_IO R._NP1 Similar_JJ results_NN2 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II previous_JJ literature_NN1 (_( Fonseca_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC ,_, Florido_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
They_PPHS2 claimed_VVD that_CST the_AT cut-off_NN1 frequencies_NN2 of_IO passbands_NN2 and_CC stopbands_NN2 can_VM be_VBI tuned_VVN by_II varying_JJ temperature_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS considerable_JJ progress_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN made_VVN for_IF MnOx_NP1 OER_NP1 electrocatalyst_NN1 in_II acid_NN1 ,_, cobalt-based_JJ electrocatalysts_NN2 ,_, especially_RR Co3O4_FO ,_, have_VH0 attracted_VVN extensive_JJ attention_NN1 for_IF OER_JJR due_II21 to_II22 it_PPH1 show_VV0 more_DAR activity_NN1 than_CSN manganese_NN1 oxides_NN2 under_II different_JJ pH_NN1 conditions_NN2 &lsqb;_( 29_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 30_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 31_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
When_CS subjected_VVN to_II compression_NN1 ,_, the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO the_AT wood_NN1 exhibited_VVD nonlinear_JJ characteristics_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 very_RG similar_JJ backbone_NN1 response_NN1 to_II that_DD1 of_IO concrete_NN1 ;_; thus_RR ,_, the_AT concrete02_FO material_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO model_VVI the_AT elastoplastic_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO wood_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT gases_NN2 travelling_VVG through_II this_DD1 part_NN1 of_IO the_AT duct_NN1 are_VBR extremely_RR hot_JJ and_CC they_PPHS2 continue_VV0 to_TO vaporize_VVI the_AT fuel_NN1 lining_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ unable_JK to_TO burn_VVI due_II21 to_II22 insufficient_JJ oxygen_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, some_DD samples_NN2 of_IO Groups_NN2 1_MC1 and_CC 2_MC ,_, respectively_RR ,_, with_IW similar_JJ post-erosion_JJ porosities_NN2 behave_VV0 differently_RR at_II low_RR shear_VV0 deformation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT reinforcement_NN1 ratio_NN1 significantly_RR affected_VVN the_AT crack_NN1 development_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT mortar_NN1 prepared_VVN using_VVG seawater_NN1 and_CC sea_NN1 sand_NN1 (_( SWSSM_NP1 )_) turns_VVZ red_JJ at_II 600°C_NNU probably_RR due_II21 to_II22 formation_NN1 of_IO new_JJ iron_NN1 compounds_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT same_DA trend_NN1 was_VBDZ observed_VVN when_CS salt_NN1 water_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN ,_, although_CS to_II a_AT1 lesser_JJ extent_NN1 ._. 
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Based_VVN on_II the_AT open_JJ time_NNT1 results_NN2 ,_, the_AT extruded_JJ filament_NN1 of_IO mixtures_NN2 with_IW 0-50%_FO replacement_NN1 ratio_NN1 of_IO tailings_NN2 to_II natural_JJ sand_NN1 incurs_VVZ disruption_NN1 at_II the_AT rest_NN1 time_NNT1 of_IO 90_MC ,_, 90_MC ,_, 90_MC ,_, 80_MC ,_, 90_MC and_CC 70min_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, the_AT increase_NN1 in_RP VS_II destruction_NN1 occurred_VVD in_II the_AT anaerobic_JJ sludge_NN1 digester_NN1 rather_II21 than_II22 in_II the_AT pretreatment_NN1 step_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT different_JJ temperature_NN1 distributions_NN2 with_IW varying_JJ longitudinal_JJ ventilation_NN1 velocity_NN1 and_CC fire_NN1 size_NN1 at_II both_DB2 upstream_RL and_CC downstream_JJ side_NN1 have_VH0 been_VBN compared_VVN and_CC analyzed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
While_CS supervised_VVN analytics_NN2 are_VBR powerful_JJ in_II modeling_VVG complicated_JJ relationships_NN2 ,_, unsupervised_JJ analytics_NN2 are_VBR more_RGR practical_JJ and_CC promising_JJ to_TO discover_VVI novel_JJ knowledge_NN1 given_VVN limited_JJ prior_JJ knowledge_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 general_RR22 ,_, the_AT damage_NN1 distance_NN1 decreases_VVZ with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 in_II Q-values_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT condensate_NN1 is_VBZ instead_RR directed_VVN to_II the_AT condenser_NN1 ._. 
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Microsoft_NP1 Excel_VV0 2016_MC was_VBDZ used_VVN for_IF other_JJ data_NN analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Its_APPGE main_JJ weakness_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT assumption_NN1 that_CST consumers_NN2 are_VBR well-informed_JJ about_II the_AT tariff_NN1 structure_NN1 ._. 
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After_CS approximately_RR one-month_JJ operation_NN1 ,_, the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT GF_NP1 was_VBDZ covered_VVN with_IW sparse_JJ and_CC scattered_JJ biofilm_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 3b_FO and_CC c_ZZ1 )_) ,_, suggesting_VVG the_AT successful_JJ formation_NN1 of_IO biofilm_NN1 on_II the_AT GF_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT thermal_JJ plume_NN1 in_II this_DD1 case_NN1 (_( C-3_FO )_) remains_VVZ upward_JJ and_CC is_VBZ not_XX strongly_RR disturbed_VVN by_II the_AT PV_NN1 flow_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT MLP_NP1 network_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO define_VVI transition_NN1 potential_NN1 maps_NN2 ._. 
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As_II the_AT ABM_NP1 finishes_VVZ calculating_VVG projected_JJ demands_NN2 ,_, the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR stored_VVN in_II a.csv_NNU file_NN1 which_DDQ can_VM then_RT be_VBI (_( sequentially_RR )_) read_VVD to_TO initialise_VVI demands_NN2 for_IF the_AT RTN_NP1 component_NN1 ._. 
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Gradual_JJ association_NN1 rules_NN2 are_VBR represented_VVN as_CSA "_" the_AT more/less_RGR A_ZZ1 →_NULL the_AT more/less_RRR B_NP1 "_" ,_, which_DDQ in_II essence_NN1 describe_VV0 the_AT co-variations_NN2 in_II numeric_JJ data_NN ._. 
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At_II the_AT same_DA time_NNT1 ,_, similar_JJ reduction_NN1 in_II annual_JJ heat_NN1 demand_NN1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN when_CS moving_VVG from_II Base_NN1 shell_NN1 to_II Minergie_NP1 shell_NN1 and_CC subsequently_RR to_II Minergie-P_NP1 from_II 70%_NNU to_II 85%_NNU respectively_RR (_( Fig._NN1 7_MC )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 may_VM be_VBI attributed_VVN to_II the_AT overstrength_NN1 factor_NN1 in_II the_AT real_JJ structural_JJ design_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 14_MC shows_VVZ the_AT distribution_NN1 of_IO dimensionless_JJ VISD_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT location_NN1 of_IO Xinmo_NP1 Village_NP1 at_II Songpinggou_NP1 River_NNL1 is_VBZ also_RR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 9_MC ._. 
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A_AT1 number_NN1 of_IO 144_MC Sensors_NN2 are_VBR arranged_VVN within_II a_AT1 radius_NN1 of_IO r=0.75meter_FO ._. 
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This_DD1 trend_NN1 can_VM be_VBI ascribed_VVN to_II the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO failure_NN1 surface_NN1 tortuosity_NN1 with_IW increasing_JJ VBP_NP1 (_( see_VV0 Fig._NN1 5_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 confirmed_VVD experimentally_RR that_CST the_AT relative_JJ difference_NN1 between_II the_AT stiffness_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 10_MC mm_NNU ×4_FO mm_NNU sample_NN1 and_CC that_DD1 of_IO a_AT1 20_MC mm_NNU ×_II 20_MC mm_NNU specimen_NN1 is_VBZ less_DAR than_CSN 2%_NNU ._. 
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The_AT mechanical_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 SRM_NP1 is_VBZ usually_RR nonlinear_JJ ._. 
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They_PPHS2 cited_VVD the_AT high_JJ rate_NN1 of_IO client_NN1 turnover_NN1 as_II a_AT1 barrier_NN1 that_CST made_VVD disaster_NN1 communications_NN2 logistically_RR challenging_VVG ._. 
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<s>
Table_NN1 7_MC also_RR presents_VVZ the_AT linear_JJ regression_NN1 analysis_NN1 and_CC ANOVA_NN1 results_NN2 for_IF the_AT overall_JJ case_NN1 with_IW the_AT combined_JJ population_NN1 of_IO all_DB subjects_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 divided_VVD the_AT terrace_NN1 into_II Region_NN1 A_ZZ1 (_( RA_NP1 )_) and_CC Region_NN1 B_ZZ1 (_( RB_NP1 )_) based_VVN on_II landslide_NN1 group_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 1b_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT convective_JJ sensible_JJ heat_NN1 flux_NN1 released_VVN from_II CB-D_NN1 accounts_VVZ for_IF 32.74%_FO of_IO the_AT absorbed_JJ net_JJ shortwave_NN1 radiation_NN1 during_II the_AT whole_JJ experiment_NN1 ,_, while_CS for_IF PC-D_NP1 ,_, the_AT value_NN1 is_VBZ 35.45%_FO ._. 
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In_II Europe_NP1 ,_, Gavric_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) carried_VVD out_RP cyclic_JJ racking_NN1 tests_NN2 using_VVG monolithic_JJ and_CC segmented_JJ walls_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Yet_RR ,_, the_AT application_NN1 of_IO EB_NP1 or_CC NSM_NP1 FRP_NP1 strengthening_NN1 systems_NN2 requires_VVZ laborious_JJ surface_NN1 preparation_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 protection_NN1 against_II vandalism_NN1 and_CC fire_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Applying_VVG the_AT DCC_MC approach_NN1 ,_, including_VVG more_DAR variables_NN2 in_II the_AT specification_NN1 ,_, and_CC controlling_VVG for_IF the_AT commercial_JJ uses_NN2 ,_, are_VBR three_MC methodological_JJ features_NN2 that_CST retain_VV0 statistical_JJ significance_NN1 on_II estimated_JJ water_NN1 price_NN1 elasticities_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Fiberglass_VV0 insulation_NN1 and_CC proper_JJ cladding_NN1 were_VBDR given_VVN to_II the_AT pipeline_NN1 to_TO minimize_VVI heat_NN1 losses_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
To_II now_RT ,_, this_DD1 study_NN1 has_VHZ focused_VVN on_II strategies_NN2 to_TO protect_VVI ASTs_NN2 and_CC reduce_VVI potential_JJ spills_NN2 ,_, particularly_RR in_II disadvantaged_JJ neighborhoods_NN2 ._. 
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Amount_NN1 of_IO amorphous_JJ phase_NN1 in_II undissolved_JJ precursor_NN1 after_II 24_MC h_ZZ1 reaction_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN that_DD1 corrosion_NN1 of_IO steel_NN1 bars_NN2 had_VHD a_AT1 marginal_JJ effect_NN1 on_II the_AT load-deflection_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT unstrengthened_JJ beam_NN1 MCU_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO compare_VVI the_AT modeled_VVD AR_UH coating_NN1 with_IW the_AT effect_NN1 in_II the_AT actual_JJ device_NN1 ,_, reflection_NN1 was_VBDZ measured_VVN on_II the_AT highest-efficiency_JJ device_NN1 and_CC a_AT1 comparable_JJ device_NN1 made_VVD without_RR AR_UH coating_NN1 ._. 
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Table_NN1 1_MC1 shows_VVZ the_AT weight_NN1 amounts_NN2 and_CC percentages_NN2 of_IO the_AT components_NN2 within_II the_AT composites_NN2 and_CC Fig._NN1 2_MC demonstrated_VVD the_AT leakage_NN1 test_NN1 results_NN2 of_IO the_AT composite_NN1 doped_VVN by_II 5.0_MC wt%_FO CNTs_NP1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 7_MC shows_VVZ the_AT comparisons_NN2 of_IO the_AT IC_NN1 debonding_VVG loads_NN2 and_CC the_AT corresponding_JJ deflections_NN2 of_IO Group_NN1 A._NP1 The_AT FEA_NN1 failure_NN1 loads_NN2 agree_VV0 well_RR with_IW the_AT tests_NN2 :_: the_AT FEA_NN1 standard_NN1 deviation_NN1 is_VBZ only_RR 0.061_MC ,_, with_IW a_AT1 coefficient_NN1 of_IO variation_NN1 of_IO 5.87%_FO ._. 
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There_EX are_VBR four_MC interlayers_NN2 in_II the_AT model_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ inefficient_JJ damper_NN1 arrangement_NN1 because_CS the_AT dampers_NN2 located_VVN at_II different_JJ stories_NN2 have_VH0 disparate_JJ deformation_NN1 demands_NN2 ._. 
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Finite_JJ element_NN1 discretization_NN1 of_IO the_AT system_NN1 for_IF one_MC1 example_NN1 model_NN1 ._. 
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Each_DD1 segmental_JJ column_NN1 had_VHD four_MC 12.7-mm_JJ diameter_NN1 seven-wire_NN1 strands_NN2 PT_NN1 ,_, each_DD1 with_IW a_AT1 cross-sectional_JJ area_NN1 of_IO 99_MC mm2_FO ,_, as_CSA the_AT main_JJ reinforcement_NN1 of_IO the_AT column_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT strain_NN1 in_II the_AT band_NN1 was_VBDZ orders_NN2 of_IO magnitude_NN1 larger_JJR than_CSN the_AT strain_NN1 out_II21 of_II22 the_AT band_NN1 ._. 
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Two_MC CO2sequestration_FO fields_NN2 were_VBDR identified_VVN in_II the_AT Texas_NP1 Gulf_NN1 Coast_NN1 region_NN1 suitable_JJ for_IF this_DD1 study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ imperative_JJ to_TO study_VVI non-uniform_JJ conditions_NN2 in_II fishways_NN2 to_TO improve_VVI the_AT knowledge_NN1 of_IO the_AT local_JJ hydrodynamics_NN2 under_II field_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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Framework_NN1 efficiency_NN1 was_VBDZ achieved_VVN through_II dimensionality_NN1 reduction_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, GSA_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
And_CC although_CS black_JJ box_NN1 approaches_NN2 obtain_VV0 extensive_JJ use_NN1 of_IO power_NN1 consumption_NN1 ,_, according_II21 to_II22 the_AT assortment_NN1 of_IO hierarchically_RR significant_JJ data_NN inputs_NN2 &lsqb;_( 213_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 214_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 215_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, different_JJ examples_NN2 of_IO the_AT applicability_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 strategies_NN2 in_II large-scale_JJ presented_VVN in_II reference_NN1 &lsqb;_( 216_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 217_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT dot_NN1 plots_NN2 for_IF C-S-H_NP1 phase_NN1 of_IO the_AT samples_NN2 60C40D_FO ,_, 60C35D5M_FO and_CC 60C20D20M_FO cured_VVN at_II 60_MC °C_NNU are_VBR given_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 9_MC ._. 
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The_AT process_NN1 of_IO extracting_VVG the_AT geometric_JJ imperfection_NN1 data_NN from_II the_AT CFS_VVZ specimen_NN1 is_VBZ given_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 3(b)_FO as_II a_AT1 block_NN1 diagram_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
When_CS r_ZZ1 varies_VVZ ,_, two_MC circumstances_NN2 may_VM develop_VVI :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) two_MC elements_NN2 are_VBR just_RR separated_VVN by_II the_AT fault_NN1 trace_NN1 as_CSA portrayed_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4a_FO ,_, and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) the_AT fault_NN1 trace_NN1 may_VM pass_VVI through_II one_MC1 element_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 4b_FO ._. 
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The_AT total_JJ number_NN1 of_IO particles_NN2 was_VBDZ slightly_RR less_DAR than_CSN in_CS21 Case_CS22 1_MC1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT first_MD author_NN1 also_RR acknowledges_VVZ the_AT Curtin_NP1 University_NN1 of_IO Technology_NN1 for_IF the_AT full_JJ PhD_NN1 scholarship_NN1 to_TO undertake_VVI his_APPGE PhD_NN1 study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT tunnel_NN1 lining_NN1 was_VBDZ built_VVN in_II the_AT model_NN1 directly_RR ,_, and_CC the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT segment_NN1 assembling_VVG and_CC the_AT shield_NN1 tunnel_NN1 excavation_NN1 was_VBDZ ignored_VVN ._. 
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Evidently_RR ,_, localized_JJ deformation_NN1 in_II the_AT form_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 deformation_NN1 band_NN1 could_VM have_VHI dominated_VVN most_DAT of_IO the_AT softening_JJ responses_NN2 exhibited_VVN by_II the_AT specimens_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Table_NN1 4_MC shows_VVZ the_AT comparison_NN1 between_II slow_JJ and_CC fast_JJ pyrolysis_NN1 for_IF syngas_NN2 produced_VVN from_II sugarcane_JJ bagasse_NN1 (_( vol%_FO )_) ._. 
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Selected_JJ cyclic_JJ DSC_NN1 curves_NN2 of_IO the_AT eutectic_JJ mixture_NN1 ._. 
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Serving_VVG as_II a_AT1 CBO_NN1 information_NN1 hub_NN1 or_CC a_AT1 CBO_NN1 liaison_NN1 in_II the_AT community_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 13_MC ,_, cracks_NN2 initiate_VV0 in_II the_AT bottom_JJ material_NN1 before_II the_AT macro_JJ band_NN1 propagates_VVZ to_II the_AT interface_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
At_II higher_JJR discharges_NN2 ,_, the_AT transport_NN1 of_IO sediments_NN2 in_II the_AT river_NN1 is_VBZ higher_JJR ,_, and_CC likely_JJ changes_NN2 in_II its_APPGE bathymetry_NN1 may_VM be_VBI significant_JJ ._. 
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The_AT shear_VV0 stress_NN1 was_VBDZ therefore_RR transferred_VVN along_II this_DD1 crack_NN1 primarily_RR by_II longitudinal_JJ reinforcement_NN1 dowel_NN1 action_NN1 ,_, because_CS the_AT friction-resistance_JJ forces_NN2 maintained_VVN by_II aggregate_JJ interlock_NN1 were_VBDR degraded_VVN under_II cycling_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT comparison_NN1 between_II experimental_JJ and_CC numerical_JJ results_NN2 shows_VVZ the_AT reliability_NN1 of_IO the_AT procedure_NN1 to_TO predict_VVI the_AT actual_JJ behaviour_NN1 of_IO masonry_NN1 arches_NN2 ,_, both_RR qualitatively_RR and_CC quantitatively_RR ._. 
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The_AT reductions_NN2 of_IO seismic_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT nuclear_JJ power_NN1 structures_NN2 in_II both_DB2 horizontal_JJ and_CC vertical_JJ directions_NN2 are_VBR investigated_VVN ._. 
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After_CS these_DD2 treatment_NN1 stages_NN2 ,_, the_AT majority_NN1 of_IO AMR_NP1 components_NN2 were_VBDR removed_VVN significantly_RR ,_, with_IW more_DAR than_CSN 70%_NNU for_IF antibiotic_NN1 residues_NN2 ,_, up_RG21 to_RG22 5.0_MC log_NN1 removal_NN1 value_NN1 (_( LRV_NP1 )_) for_IF ARB_NP1 ,_, and_CC up_RG21 to_RG22 4.2_MC LRV_NP1 for_IF ARG_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 large_JJ deviation_NN1 exists_VVZ between_II the_AT detected_JJ frequency_NN1 and_CC the_AT theoretical_JJ value_NN1 of_IO 20Hz_FO for_IF the_AT fault_NN1 frequency_NN1 ._. 
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We_PPIS2 investigate_VV0 ,_, how_RRQ a_AT1 forceexcited_JJ piezoelectric_JJ transducer_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 attached_JJ mass_NN1 can_VM be_VBI piezoelectrically_RR actuated_VVN in_II such_DA a_AT1 manner_NN1 ,_, that_CST the_AT transducer_NN1 force_NN1 is_VBZ nullified_VVN or_CC at_RR21 least_RR22 considerably_RR reduced_VVN despite_II a_AT1 piezoelectric_JJ actuation_NN1 in_II a_AT1 stack_NN1 actuator_NN1 is_VBZ present_JJ ,_, see_VV0 Figures1_FO and_CC 5_MC ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ supported_VVN by_II the_AT results_NN2 ofauman_NN1 &lsqb;_( 57_MC &rsqb;_) who_PNQS studied_VVD the_AT carbonation_NN1 of_IO tobermorite_NN1 and_CC concluded_VVD that_DD1 vaterite_NN1 was_VBDZ the_AT main_JJ product_NN1 but_CCB that_DD1 vaterite_NN1 formation_NN1 was_VBDZ inversely_RR proportional_JJ to_II the_AT CO2_FO content_NN1 :_: at_II high_JJ CO2_FO contents_NN2 ,_, calcite_NN1 was_VBDZ predominant_JJ ._. 
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Two_MC different_JJ types_NN2 of_IO database_NN1 were_VBDR used_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, namely_REX the_AT United_NP1 States_NP1 tornado_NN1 database_NN1 and_CC US_NP1 Census_NN1 database_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Its_APPGE optimum_JJ moisture_NN1 content_NN1 is_VBZ 4.85%_FO and_CC the_AT maximum_JJ dry_JJ density_NN1 is_VBZ 2.346g/cm3_FU ._. 
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<s>
Neutron_NN1 imaging_NN1 has_VHZ proved_VVN to_TO be_VBI a_AT1 powerful_JJ non-destructive_JJ technique_NN1 to_TO study_VVI quantitatively_RR water_NN1 content_NN1 and_CC water_NN1 movement_NN1 in_II porous_JJ materials_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT internal_JJ offset_JJ distance_NN1 increases_VVZ as_II the_AT length_NN1 of_IO the_AT overhanging_JJ roof_NN1 ,_, the_AT height_NN1 of_IO the_AT coal_NN1 pillar_NN1 and_CC the_AT burial_NN1 depth_NN1 of_IO the_AT coal_NN1 seam_NN1 increases_NN2 ._. 
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All_DB strengthened_JJ specimens_NN2 were_VBDR subjected_VVN to_II cyclic_JJ in-plane_NN1 loading_NN1 using_VVG a_AT1 stiff_JJ steel_NN1 frame_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT print_NN1 resolution_NN1 is_VBZ constrained_VVN by_II material_NN1 rheology_NN1 and_CC nozzle_NN1 dimensions_NN2 limiting_VVG the_AT achievable_JJ print_NN1 tolerances_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Ellenberg_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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88_MC used_VVD the_AT UAV_NN1 with_IW 3D_NNU simultaneous_JJ localization_NN1 and_CC mapping_VVG technology_NN1 ._. 
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Comparison_NN1 of_IO selected_JJ simulated_JJ output_NN1 maps_NN2 corresponding_VVG to_II Pareto_NP1 front_JJ solutions_NN2 listed_VVN in_II table_NN1 one_MC1 with_IW data_NN (_( a-1_MC1 and_CC a-2_MC )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 conclusion_NN1 was_VBDZ further_RRR verified_VVN by_II chronoamperometry_NN1 experiments_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 algorithm_NN1 allows_VVZ the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO continuous_JJ three-dimensional_JJ media_NN that_CST reach_VV0 equilibrium_NN1 and/or_CC a_AT1 continuous_JJ plastic_NN1 flow_NN1 to_TO be_VBI modeled_VVN ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN that_CST the_AT TG_NP1 curves_NN2 of_IO the_AT eutectic_JJ mixture_NN1 before_II and_CC after_II 50_MC melting_NN1 and_CC crystallizing_VVG cycles_NN2 overlap_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT same_DA results_NN2 for_IF the_AT wet_JJ sample_NN1 are_VBR presented_VVN in_II (_( d-f_ZZ1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT plots_NN2 were_VBDR measured_VVN in_II 1_MC1 M_NN1 NaOH_NN1 electrolyte_NN1 (_( a_ZZ1 )_) without_RL and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) with_IW 0.5_MC M_ZZ1 H2O2_FO ._. 
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Enlarged_JJ views_NN2 of_IO simulated_JJ water_NN1 depth_NN1 using_VVG 1-_JJ and_CC 8-m_JJ resolutions_NN2 ._. 
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Cases_NN2 with_IW the_AT initial_JJ reservoir_NN1 temperature_NN1 and_CC inlet_NN1 acid_NN1 fluid_NN1 in_II equilibrium_NN1 are_VBR simulated_VVN ._. 
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The_AT number_NN1 of_IO grids/elements_NN2 with_IW variable_JJ grid_NN1 sizing_VVG in_II different_JJ resolutions_NN2 ._. 
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Král_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2014_MC )_) studied_VVD the_AT postflutter_NN1 LCO_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 rectangular_JJ plate_NN1 and_CC introduced_VVD a_AT1 Van_NP1 der_NP1 Pol-type_NP1 theoretical_JJ model_NN1 to_TO analyze_VVI the_AT nonlinear_JJ aerodynamic_JJ damping_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO extra_JJ moisture_NN1 was_VBDZ dependent_JJ on_II the_AT coverage_NN1 ratio_NN1 and_CC tree_NN1 configuration_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT impacts_NN2 of_IO the_AT high-velocity_JJ blocks_NN2 and_CC the_AT buildings_NN2 in_II Xinmo_NP1 Village_NP1 on_II the_AT landslide_NN1 were_VBDR also_RR discussed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Eisner_NN1 2010_MC ;_; Austin_NP1 2012_MC ;_; Chikoto_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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In_II practice_NN1 ,_, MCDA_NP1 starts_VVZ with_IW defining_VVG the_AT decision_NN1 context_NN1 (_( Fig.1_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT same_DA conclusions_NN2 as_CSA the_AT marginal_JJ PDFs_NP2 can_VM be_VBI drawn_VVN from_II these_DD2 figures_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT constitutive_JJ relations_NN2 were_VBDR evaluated_VVN at_II every_AT1 integration_NN1 point_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 review_NN1 is_VBZ meant_VVN to_TO be_VBI helpful_JJ for_IF colleagues_NN2 who_PNQS are_VBR working_VVG with_IW cement-based_JJ materials_NN2 to_TO become_VVI more_RGR familiar_JJ with_IW the_AT techniques_NN2 and_CC the_AT potential_NN1 of_IO neutron_NN1 imaging_NN1 and_CC the_AT different_JJ fields_NN2 of_IO its_APPGE application_NN1 ._. 
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On_II Demand_NN1 Response_NN1 (_( DR_NNB )_) ,_, utility_NN1 companies_NN2 worked_VVN with_IW large_JJ industrial_JJ customers_NN2 to_TO reduce_VVI their_APPGE energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 during_II designated_JJ peak_NN1 hours_NNT2 of_IO energy_NN1 usage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II Fig._NN1 4f_RA ,_, ettringite_NN1 rods_NN2 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN on_II the_AT sample_NN1 surface_NN1 and_CC this_DD1 only_RR occurred_VVD for_IF samples_NN2 older_JJR than_CSN 15h_FO (_( small_JJ AFt_JJ phases_NN2 are_VBR formed_VVN at_II very_RG early_JJ ages_NN2 but_CCB less_RGR visible_JJ )_) ,_, which_DDQ agrees_VVZ with_IW the_AT literature_NN1 that_CST the_AT visible_JJ ettringite_NN1 needles_NN2 are_VBR formed_VVN after_II a_AT1 certain_JJ duration_NN1 of_IO hydration_NN1 (_( e.g._REX 18h_FO reported_VVN in_II &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) )_) ._. 
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The_AT model_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 function_NN1 of_IO tornado_NN1 intensity_NN1 ,_, the_AT number_NN1 of_IO people_NN located_VVN in_II the_AT tornado_NN1 path_NN1 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT tornado_NN1 path_NN1 width_NN1 and_CC length_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT smallest_JJT class_NN1 of_IO optically_RR visible_JJ voids_NN2 in_II the_AT paste_NN1 are_VBR the_AT diverse_JJ sizes_NN2 of_IO capillaries_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 paper_NN1 summarizes_VVZ the_AT results_NN2 of_IO experimental_JJ investigations_NN2 of_IO bolted_JJ lap-splice_JJ joints_NN2 at_II elevated_JJ temperatures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS the_AT deformation_NN1 of_IO the_AT underlying_JJ metro_NN1 tunnels_NN2 was_VBDZ controlled_VVN within_II the_AT allowable_JJ value_NN1 ,_, the_AT efficiency_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 construction_NN1 method_NN1 needs_VVZ to_TO be_VBI evaluated_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Combining_VVG the_AT additional_JJ virtual_JJ mass_JJ method_NN1 and_CC sensitivity_NN1 analysis_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 large_JJ amount_NN1 of_IO modal_JJ information_NN1 of_IO the_AT virtual_JJ structures_NN2 with_IW high_JJ sensitivity_NN1 to_II local_JJ damage_NN1 can_VM be_VBI obtained_VVN ._. 
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The_AT locations_NN2 of_IO detected_JJ vehicles_NN2 are_VBR also_RR estimated_VVN by_II using_VVG computer_NN1 vision_NN1 techniques_NN2 ._. 
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Two_MC pairs_NN2 of_IO red_JJ dotted_JJ horizontal_JJ lines_NN2 indicate_VV0 these_DD2 confidence_NN1 intervals_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 number_NN1 of_IO factors_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN considered_VVN to_TO determine_VVI the_AT size_NN1 of_IO SFRC_NP1 specimens_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT proposed_JJ methodology_NN1 can_VM be_VBI used_VVN to_TO generate_VVI fragility_NN1 curves_NN2 for_IF any_DD bridge_NN1 class_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 sodium_NN1 hydroxide_NN1 solution_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 pH_NN1 value_NN1 of_IO 10.5_MC was_VBDZ used_VVN as_II the_AT dispersant_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Then_RT the_AT numbers_NN2 of_IO matrix_NN1 elements_NN2 ,_, liquid_JJ water_NN1 elements_NN2 and_CC solid_JJ ice_NN1 elements_NN2 are_VBR (_( 1-n_ZZ1 )_) &rsqb;_) ,_, and_CC (_( 1-wu_NN1 )_) &rsqb;_) by_II round_JJ number_NN1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, its_APPGE adoption_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN overshadowed_VVN by_II the_AT emerging_JJ of_IO newly_RR innovated_JJ machine_NN1 learning_NN1 techniques_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, peak_VV0 interstory_JJ drift_NN1 ratio_NN1 (_( PIDR_NP1 )_) is_VBZ used_VVN as_II the_AT EDP_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT 5%_NNU damped_VVD linear_JJ response_NN1 spectral_JJ acceleration_NN1 at_II the_AT fundamental_JJ period_NN1 of_IO vibration_NN1 of_IO the_AT FEM_NP1 Sa_NP1 (_( T1_FO ,_, =5%_FO )_) is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO define_VVI the_AT GM_NP1 IM_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT inset_NN1 panel_NN1 of_IO graph_NN1 (_( a_ZZ1 )_) depicts_VVZ the_AT kinetic_JJ analysis_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 pseudo-first-order_JJ reaction_NN1 of_IO tetracaine_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO conduct_VVI the_AT numerical_JJ calculation_NN1 in_II a_AT1 convenient_JJ way_NN1 ,_, the_AT following_JJ assumptions_NN2 are_VBR made_VVN ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, when_CS the_AT perturbation_NN1 force_NN1 field_NN1 off_II the_AT flat_JJ state_NN1 is_VBZ taken_VVN as_II a_AT1 linear_JJ combination_NN1 of_IO Modes_NN2 109_MC and_CC 107_MC ,_, the_AT nonlinear_JJ simulation_NN1 solved_VVN with_IW similar_JJ efficiency_NN1 as_CSA Mode_NN1 107_MC and_CC 110_MC which_DDQ maintained_VVD a_AT1 similar_JJ deformed_JJ shape_NN1 ._. 
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Furthermore_RR ,_, its_APPGE influence_NN1 diminishes_VVZ with_IW increasing_JJ frequency_NN1 of_IO oscillator_NN1 1_MC1 up_RG21 to_RG22 3_MC Hz_NNU ._. 
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<s>
The_AT titration_NN1 was_VBDZ conducted_VVN in_II a_AT1 jacketed_JJ glass_NN1 reactor_NN1 (_( 100_MC mL_NNU volume_NN1 )_) where_RRQ the_AT temperature_NN1 was_VBDZ controlled_VVN using_VVG a_AT1 Julabo_NN1 M4_FO heating_NN1 circulator_NN1 (_( temperature_NN1 stability_NN1 ±_FO 0.1_MC °C_NNU )_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT insurance_NN1 industry_NN1 ,_, vulnerability_NN1 functions_NN2 are_VBR usually_RR formed_VVN empirically_RR by_II correlating_VVG insurance_NN1 claim_NN1 information_NN1 from_II previous_JJ events_NN2 with_IW the_AT estimated_JJ hazard_NN1 intensity_NN1 at_II the_AT location_NN1 of_IO the_AT asset_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT liquid_JJ water_NN1 evaporates_VVZ from_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT specimen_NN1 ,_, the_AT drying_NN1 front_NN1 gradually_RR moves_VVZ into_II the_AT inner_JJ material_NN1 ,_, and_CC this_DD1 leads_VVZ to_II the_AT morphology_NN1 development_NN1 of_IO the_AT second_MD layer_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT blue_JJ line_NN1 marks_VVZ the_AT cumulative_JJ erosion_NN1 depth_NN1 estimated_VVN by_II the_AT presented_JJ approach_NN1 ,_, while_CS the_AT red_JJ one_PN1 denotes_VVZ the_AT measured_JJ data_NN ._. 
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The_AT peak_NN1 shear_VV0 strength_NN1 and_CC steady-state_JJ strength_NN1 increased_VVN as_CSA void_JJ ratio_NN1 decreased_VVD ._. 
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That_DD1 indicates_VVZ SQCC_NP1 arch_NN1 has_VHZ more_RGR obvious_JJ advantages_NN2 than_CSN U-shaped_JJ steel_NN1 arch_NN1 does_VDZ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT fastener_NN1 (_( self-tapping_JJ type_NN1 )_) used_VVD in_II test_NN1 panels_NN2 was_VBDZ 6_MC mm_NNU in_II diameter_NN1 and_CC 34_MC mm_NNU in_II length_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 GA-216_MC (_( GA_NP1 2007_MC )_) as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 2(a)_FO ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, reducing_VVG CO2_FO emission_NN1 is_VBZ urgently_RR awaited_VVN to_TO be_VBI solved_VVN (_( Choi_NP1 and_CC Nesic_NN1 ,_, 2011_MC ;_; Sim_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT plots_NN2 extend_VV0 from_II x=280m_FO to_II x=280m_FO ,_, beyond_II which_DDQ distances_NN2 the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 transition_NN1 is_VBZ negligible_JJ ._. 
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PET_NN1 was_VBDZ selected_VVN as_II the_AT main_JJ thermal_JJ index_NN1 in_II this_DD1 research_NN1 with_IW several_DA2 advantages_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT reason_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX well_RR understood_VVN but_CCB could_VM be_VBI related_VVN to_II the_AT high_JJ amount_NN1 of_IO oxygen-containing_JJ properties_NN2 in_II EPSLoP-ProS_NN2 ._. 
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Speedup_VV0 by_II OpenMP_NP1 parallelization_NN1 (_( blue_JJ line_NN1 )_) increased_JJ but_CCB attenuated_VVD as_II the_AT number_NN1 of_IO threads_NN2 increased_VVN ._. 
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The_AT problem_NN1 of_IO tunnel_NN1 fires_NN2 is_VBZ one_MC1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT complex_JJ and_CC interesting_JJ areas_NN2 of_IO modern_JJ fire_NN1 research_NN1 ._. 
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Since_CS the_AT friction_NN1 angle_NN1 controls_VVZ the_AT plastic_NN1 deformations_NN2 in_II the_AT vicinity_NN1 of_IO the_AT building_NN1 and_CC tunnel_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 highly_RR affects_VVZ the_AT tilt_NN1 of_IO building_NN1 as_RR21 well_RR22 ._. 
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The_AT biggest_JJT problem_NN1 with_IW these_DD2 activities_NN2 is_VBZ their_APPGE contribution_NN1 to_II both_DB2 point_VV0 source_NN1 and_CC nonpoint_VV0 sourcecontamination_NN1 (_( e.g._REX ,_, pesticides_NN2 )_) and_CC nutrients_NN2 (_( mainly_RR phosphorus_NN1 and_CC nitrogen_NN1 )_) discharged_VVN into_II waterbodies_NN2 (_( Chislock_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC ,_, Wu_NP1 and_CC Chen_NP1 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT hump_NN1 characteristic_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 result_NN1 of_IO Euler_NP1 momentum_NN1 and_CC hydraulic_JJ loss_NN1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, an_AT1 algorithm_NN1 for_IF multiple_JJ time-frequency_JJ curve_NN1 extraction_NN1 is_VBZ proposed_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT fast_JJ path_NN1 optimization_NN1 approach_NN1 without_IW signal_NN1 reconstruction_NN1 ._. 
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Jee_NP1 &lsqb;_( 24_MC &rsqb;_) also_RR pointed_VVN out_RP that_CST a_AT1 hysteresis_NN1 characteristic_NN1 exists_VVZ in_II the_AT hump_NN1 region_NN1 ._. 
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Apart_II21 from_II22 this_DD1 ,_, the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 has_VHZ also_RR considered_VVN the_AT methodological_JJ issues_NN2 raised_VVN by_II Stern_NN1 &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, while_CS estimating_VVG the_AT EKC_NN1 in_II any_DD context_NN1 ,_, e.g._REX ,_, serial_JJ dependence_NN1 ,_, stochastic_JJ trends_NN2 in_II the_AT time_NNT1 series_NN ,_, and_CC omitted_VVN variable_JJ bias_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT dashed_JJ lines_NN2 represent_VV0 permeable_JJ boundaries_NN2 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT solid_JJ lines_NN2 denote_VV0 impermeable_JJ conditions_NN2 ._. 
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Before_CS and_CC after_CS thermal_JJ cycling_NN1 of_IO FA/WF_NP1 composite_JJ form-stable_JJ PCMs_NP1 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) melting_VVG point_NN1 ;_; (_( b_ZZ1 )_) freezing_JJ point_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT simulation_NN1 results_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 8(a)_FO ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 comparison_NN1 of_IO the_AT developed_JJ platform_NN1 with_IW the_AT WaterMet2_FO and_CC UWOT_VV0 models_NN2 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 limitations_NN2 and_CC advantages_NN2 of_IO our_APPGE approach_NN1 are_VBR given_VVN in_II the_AT discussion_NN1 section_NN1 7_MC ._. 
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<s>
To_TO derive_VVI an_AT1 equation_NN1 describing_VVG the_AT relationship_NN1 between_II the_AT thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 and_CC the_AT variable_JJ experimental_JJ condition_NN1 (_( i.e._REX temperature_NN1 ,_, relative_JJ humidity_NN1 and_CC moisture_NN1 content_NN1 )_) the_AT best_JJT fitting_JJ regression_NN1 lines_NN2 were_VBDR plotted_VVN on_II each_DD1 graph_NN1 ,_, always_RR checking_VVG the_AT correlation_NN1 coefficient_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 relationship_NN1 ._. 
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Oftentimes_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ required_VVN to_TO take_VVI measurements_NN2 from_II a_AT1 remote_JJ distance_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA reported_VVN in_II these_DD2 figures_NN2 ,_, the_AT recorded_JJ buckling_JJ loads_NN2 are_VBR very_RG similar_JJ ,_, with_IW the_AT FE_NP1 results_NN2 being_VBG slightly_RR higher_JJR ._. 
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<s>
Most_RGT recently_RR ,_, a_AT1 metal-organic_JJ frameworks_NN2 (_( MOFs_NP2 )_) template_NN1 technique_NN1 was_VBDZ exploited_VVN to_TO synthesize_VVI ZIF-8_MC (_( ZIF_NP1 denotes_VVZ zeolitic_JJ imidazolate_NN1 framework_NN1 )_) derived_VVD N-doped_JJ graphene_NN1 (_( ZNG_NP1 )_) analogs_VVZ with_IW high_JJ surface_NN1 area_NN1 and_CC hierarchical_JJ pores_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ not_XX only_RR facilitated_VVN fully_RR contact_VV0 between_II the_AT water_NN1 and_CC the_AT photocatalyst_NN1 ,_, but_CCB also_RR exhibited_VVN significant_JJ hydrogen_NN1 evolution_NN1 rates_NN2 toward_II photocatalytic_JJ water_NN1 splitting_NN1 &lsqb;_( 25_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 26_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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This_DD1 reduction_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX evident_JJ for_IF the_AT infilled_JJ frames_NN2 because_CS the_AT intensities_NN2 up_II21 to_II22 which_DDQ this_DD1 study_NN1 was_VBDZ conducted_VVN do_VD0 not_XX surpass_VVI the_AT median_JJ SLC_NP1 limit_NN1 state_NN1 intensity_NN1 of_IO the_AT infilled_JJ frames_NN2 very_RG much_DA1 to_TO identify_VVI such_DA a_AT1 trend_NN1 ,_, although_CS it_PPH1 is_VBZ somewhat_RR apparent_JJ in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO the_AT 3storey_FO weak_JJ infill_NN1 frame_NN1 ._. 
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We_PPIS2 are_VBR also_RR thankful_JJ to_II Kevan_NP1 Cameron_NP1 and_CC the_AT undergraduate_NN1 staff_NN at_II CSU_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 Next_MD Generation_NN1 Photovoltaics_NN1 Center_NN1 for_IF help_NN1 with_IW tool_NN1 maintenance_NN1 and_CC device_NN1 measurements_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Since_CS different_JJ equations_NN2 are_VBR proposed_VVN for_IF the_AT two_MC materials_NN2 used_VVD ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ concluded_VVN that_CST the_AT material_NN1 type_NN1 affects_VVZ when_RRQ all_DB other_JJ parameters_NN2 are_VBR similar_JJ ._. 
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Two_MC continuous_JJ anaerobic_JJ digesters_NN2 were_VBDR employed_VVN ._. 
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For_REX21 instance_REX22 ,_, tourism-related_JJ businesses_NN2 in_II coastal_JJ communities_NN2 are_VBR usually_RR located_VVN near_II the_AT waterfront_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 better_JJR view_NN1 ._. 
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Modified_VVN after_II Carrera-Hernandez_NP1 and_CC Gaskin_NP1 (_( 2006_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
From_II results_NN2 in_II Fig._NN1 7_MC ,_, the_AT critical_JJ pore_NN1 entry_NN1 radius_NN1 of_IO the_AT connected_JJ pore_NN1 network_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 16_MC ._. 
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Using_VVG LCA_NN1 methodology_NN1 ,_, this_DD1 study_NN1 aimed_VVD to_TO compare_VVI life_NN1 cycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 of_IO membrane_NN1 separation_NN1 and_CC chemical_JJ absorption_NN1 processes_NN2 for_IF the_AT post-combustion_JJ capture_NN1 of_IO one_MC1 tonne_NNU1 of_IO CO2_FO from_II a_AT1 subcritical_JJ coal-fired_JJ power_NN1 plant_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI analyzed_VVN from_II Table_NN1 3_MC that_CST when_CS the_AT FTs_NNU2 are_VBR constant_JJ ,_, the_AT UCS_NP2 performance_NN1 of_IO CTB_NP1 samples_NN2 increases_VVZ with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO the_AT slurry_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 solid_JJ density_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT detail_NN1 investigation_NN1 of_IO GFRP_NP1 skins_NN2 and_CC phenolic_JJ core_NN1 properties_NN2 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II Ferdous_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2017b_FO )_) while_CS the_AT properties_NN2 of_IO polymer_NN1 matrix_NN1 are_VBR studied_VVN in_II Ferdous_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2016b_FO ,_, 2017a_FO )_) ._. 
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In_II an_AT1 anaerobic_JJ system_NN1 incubated_VVD with_IW a_AT1 denitrifying_JJ bacterium_NN1 ,_, the_AT pyridine_NN1 removal_NN1 rate_NN1 was_VBDZ only_RR 1.25_MC mol_NN1 m3·d1_FO (_( Rhee_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 1997_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO the_AT specimen_NN1 were_VBDR obtained_VVN by_II compressive_JJ and_CC tensile_JJ experiments_NN2 ,_, with_IW uniaxial_JJ compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO 27.89MPa_FO ,_, tensile_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO 3.55MPa_FO ,_, Poisson_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 of_IO 0.17_MC and_CC elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 of_IO 24.6GPa_FO ._. 
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Case_NN1 2_MC :_: Convergence_NN1 curve_NN1 of_IO GWO_NP1 algorithm_NN1 for_IF TVF-EMD_JJ parameter_NN1 optimization_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT fibre-based_JJ model_NN1 ,_, being_VBG able_JK to_TO update_VVI the_AT sectional_JJ moment-curvature_JJ diagram_NN1 with_IW the_AT continuous_JJ change_NN1 of_IO axial_JJ load_NN1 in_II the_AT columns_NN2 during_II seismic_JJ excitation_NN1 ,_, provides_VVZ a_AT1 better_JJR response_NN1 prediction_NN1 for_IF structures_NN2 with_IW adapted_JJ joints_NN2 ._. 
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With_IW this_DD1 model_NN1 ,_, channel_NN1 widening_VVG at_II the_AT water_NN1 surface_NN1 stops_VVZ before_II reaching_VVG a_AT1 balanced_JJ state_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 general_RR22 ,_, the_AT difference_NN1 in_II results_NN2 obtained_VVN for_IF farfield_NN1 and_CC nearfield_NN1 records_NN2 was_VBDZ not_XX very_RG significant_JJ regarding_II the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO dynamic_JJ buckling_NN1 of_IO braces_NN2 on_II the_AT seismic_JJ behavior_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT addition_NN1 of_IO 10%_NNU FAM_NN1 firstly_RR increases_VVZ the_AT Tw_NP1 ,_, meaning_VVG that_CST the_AT increased_JJ We_PPIS2 is_VBZ a_AT1 dominant_JJ factor_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT latter_DA are_VBR based_VVN on_II past_JJ land_NN1 use/land_NN1 cover_NN1 (_( LULC_NP1 )_) in_II a_AT1 raster_NN1 format_NN1 (_( i.e._REX pixel_NN1 units_NN2 )_) to_TO estimate_VVI the_AT change_NN1 transition_NN1 potential_NN1 ,_, and_CC apply_VV0 mathematical/statistical_JJ functions_NN2 including_II explanatory_JJ spatial_JJ variables_NN2 to_TO predict_VVI future_JJ scenarios_NN2 ._. 
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Relative_JJ increase_NN1 of_IO yield_NN1 and_CC peak_NN1 stresses_VVZ against_II initially_RR applied_JJ normal_JJ stresses_NN2 in_II CNS_NP1 direct_RR shear_VV0 ._. 
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The_AT remaining_JJ 44.2_MC W/m2_FU was_VBDZ lost_VVN through_II the_AT clothing_NN1 by_II convection_NN1 ,_, conduction_NN1 and_CC radiation_NN1 &lsqb;_( 61_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 62_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Dimensionless_JJ linear_JJ natural_JJ frequencies_NN2 (_( a_ZZ1 )_) and_CC nonlinear_JJ frequencies_NN2 (_( b_ZZ1 )_) of_IO forward_JJ travelling_NN1 waves_NN2 versus_II number_NN1 of_IO circumferential_JJ waves_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT stiffness_NN1 decreased_VVN to_II 53%_NNU of_IO its_APPGE initial_JJ stiffness_NN1 once_RR loading_VVG cycles_NN2 attained_VVD 110,000_MC for_IF Specimen_NN1 A-3-0_MCMC ._. 
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On_II the_AT basis_NN1 of_IO aerial_NN1 images_NN2 (_( res_NN2 ._. 
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Hence_RR ,_, the_AT inclusion_NN1 of_IO the_AT X-O_NP1 arc_NN1 in_II the_AT network_NN1 structure_NN1 in_II Fig._NN1 4_MC is_VBZ very_RG important_JJ here_RL since_CS a_AT1 reasonable_JJ connection_NN1 between_II drifts_NN2 ,_, IMs_NP1 ,_, and_CC DSs_NP1 is_VBZ discovered_VVN ,_, i.e._REX ,_, that_CST a_AT1 higher_JJR PGA_NP1 is_VBZ anticipated_VVN to_TO produce_VVI greater_JJR maximum_JJ interstory_JJ drifts_NN2 without_IW necessarily_RR altering_VVG the_AT structural_JJ DS_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT frequencies_NN2 obtained_VVN from_II conventional_JJ acceleration-based_JJ EMA_NN1 and_CC the_AT PME_NN1 are_VBR compared_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 7(a)_FO ,_, which_DDQ indicates_VVZ a_AT1 very_RG good_JJ agreement_NN1 in_II determining_JJ frequencies_NN2 from_II the_AT sequence_NN1 of_IO images_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, considering_CS the_AT ratio_NN1 of_IO normal_JJ CFRP_NP1 modulus_NN1 to_II steel_NN1 modulus_NN1 was_VBDZ around_RG one_MC1 ,_, the_AT flexural_JJ stiffness_NN1 increase_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX predominant_JJ when_CS using_VVG thin_JJ CFRP_NP1 sheets_NN2 or_CC plates_NN2 to_II steel_NN1 beams_NN2 ._. 
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Self-healing_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 well-known_JJ phenomenon_NN1 for_IF cement-based_JJ materials_NN2 ,_, because_CS they_PPHS2 possess_VV0 natural_JJ abilities_NN2 to_TO heal_VVI existing_JJ cracks_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT broad_JJ band_NN1 near_II 3284cm1_FO was_VBDZ attributed_VVN to_II the_AT stretching_JJ vibration_NN1 of_IO hydrogen_NN1 bonds_NN2 (_( O-H_UH )_) and_CC the_AT weak_JJ signal_NN1 at_II 2930cm_NNU was_VBDZ due_II21 to_II22 C-H_NN1 stretching_VVG vibrations_NN2 (_( Her_APPGE et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2008_MC )_) ._. 
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Fig._NN1 8_MC shows_VVZ an_AT1 ESEM_NN1 image_NN1 of_IO the_AT path_NN1 of_IO micro_NN1 cracks_NN2 within_II M2.2FAC-C_JJ specimen_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT photo-thermal_JJ conversion_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO Stearic_JJ Acid_NN1 and_CC compressed_VVD Stearic_NP1 Acid@MWCNTs_FO composite_JJ PCM_NP1 with_IW density_NN1 of_IO 900.0kgm3_FO were_VBDR conducted_VVN under_II simulated_JJ solar_JJ irradiation_NN1 ._. 
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Beneath_II this_DD1 is_VBZ often_RR a_AT1 well-defined_JJ fragipan_NN1 (_( C-layer_NN1 )_) that_CST generally_RR comprises_VVZ a_AT1 moderately-weathered_NN1 ,_, clayey_JJ silt_NN1 with_IW vertical_JJ fissures_NN2 and_CC mottling_VVG zones_NN2 (_( Griffiths_NP1 ,_, 1973_MC ,_, Jowett_NP1 ,_, 1995_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Further_JJR investigations_NN2 are_VBR required_VVN to_II better_JJR elucidate_NN1 this_DD1 aspect_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ beyond_II the_AT scope_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT unconfined_JJ compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT concrete_JJ material_NN1 is_VBZ 34MPa_FO ._. 
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In_II Figs._NN2 3_MC (_( a-b_ZZ1 )_) and_CC 4_MC (_( a-b_ZZ1 )_) ,_, the_AT CO2_FO absorption_NN1 capacity_NN1 at_II 40_MC °C_NNU of_IO the_AT studied_JJ solvent_NN1 systems_NN2 in_II unit_NN1 of_IO mole_NN1 CO2/mole_FU amine_NN1 group_NN1 and_CC mole_VV0 CO2/kg_FU solution_NN1 ,_, respectively_RR ,_, is_VBZ given_VVN as_II a_AT1 function_NN1 of_IO the_AT pKa_NN1 value_NN1 of_IO the_AT tertiary_JJ amine_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT effectiveness_NN1 of_IO collars_NN2 varies_VVZ with_IW size_NN1 and_CC placement_NN1 along_II the_AT column_NN1 (_( Zarrati_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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Presoaking_VVG the_AT aggregates_NN2 affected_VVN the_AT workability_NN1 since_CS by_II keeping_VVG the_AT same_DA w/c_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 for_IF both_DB2 ,_, RF100ps_FO mixture_NN1 needed_VVN 0.62%_FO (_( of_IO the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 )_) superplasticizer_NN1 and_CC RF100_FO needed_VVN 1.15%_FO ._. 
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The_AT hydration_NN1 of_IO C3S_FO is_VBZ enhanced_VVN for_IF LC3-50_MC blends_NN2 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT filler_NN1 effect_NN1 of_IO calcined_JJ clay_NN1 (_( quartz_NN1 for_IF LC3-50_MC (_( 0%_NNU )_) )_) and_CC limestone_NN1 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN by_II the_AT higher_JJR slope_NN1 and_CC intensity_NN1 of_IO the_AT silicate_NN1 peak_NN1 ._. 
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For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, Hallegatte_NP1 (_( 2008_MC )_) modeled_VVD the_AT economic_JJ losses_NN2 in_II the_AT aftermath_NN1 of_IO 2004–2005_MCMC Hurricane_NN1 Katrina_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Therefore_RR ,_, decision_NN1 makers_NN2 must_VM explicitly_RR consider_VVI the_AT uncertainty_NN1 of_IO ranking_VVG results_NN2 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT corresponding_JJ risk_NN1 of_IO decision_NN1 making_VVG errors_NN2 ._. 
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In_II Fig._NN1 1(a)_FO ,_, dark_JJ colors_NN2 represent_VV0 large_JJ values_NN2 of_IO friction_NN1 coefficient_NN1 while_CS light_JJ colors_NN2 represent_VV0 small_JJ values_NN2 of_IO friction_NN1 coefficient_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 12_MC compares_VVZ median_JJ IDA_NP1 curves_NN2 for_IF both_DB2 cases_NN2 ,_, spatially_RR varied_JJ pitting_NN1 corrosion_NN1 and_CC uniform_JJ corrosion_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT previous_JJ research_NN1 mainly_RR focuses_VVZ on_II the_AT verification_NN1 of_IO the_AT feasibility_NN1 and_CC practicality_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 technique_NN1 ._. 
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After_II taking_VVG a_AT1 comprehensive_JJ view_NN1 of_IO the_AT geological_JJ suitability_NN1 and_CC existing_JJ construction_NN1 situation_NN1 ,_, the_AT construction_NN1 suitability_NN1 evaluation_NN1 grade_NN1 is_VBZ developed_VVN as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Table_NN1 10_MC ._. 
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At_II any_DD given_JJ hydrostatic_JJ confinement_NN1 ,_, the_AT dynamic_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO rocks_NN2 increases_VVZ with_IW increasing_JJ strain_NN1 rate_NN1 ;_; and_CC the_AT rising_JJ rate_NN1 of_IO dynamic_JJ strength_NN1 with_IW strain_NN1 rate_NN1 decreases_VVZ with_IW increasing_JJ confinement_NN1 ._. 
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Sliding_VVG shear_VV0 was_VBDZ prevented_VVN by_II adding_VVG two_MC layers_NN2 of_IO bidiagonal_JJ No._NN1 3_MC GFRP_NP1 bars_NN2 across_II the_AT potential_JJ sliding_JJ plane_NN1 at_II an_AT1 angle_NN1 of_IO 45°_NNU ,_, spaced_VVN at_II 100_MC mm_NNU and_CC sufficiently_RR anchored_VVN on_II each_DD1 side_NN1 of_IO the_AT shear_VV0 plane_NN1 ._. 
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Twodimensional_JJ centerline_NN1 nonlinear_JJ deterministic_JJ FEMs_NN2 for_IF the_AT application_NN1 example_NN1 frame_NN1 were_VBDR developed_VVN using_VVG the_AT expected_JJ material_NN1 properties_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
They_PPHS2 calculated_VVD the_AT vibration_NN1 characteristics_NN2 of_IO the_AT plate_NN1 in_II air_NN1 and_CC in_II water_NN1 using_VVG both_RR theoretical_JJ as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 experimental_JJ approach_NN1 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT extent_NN1 of_IO damage_NN1 within_II the_AT sample_NN1 ,_, volumetric_JJ strains_NN2 were_VBDR evaluated_VVN as_CSA initiation_NN1 and_CC propagation_NN1 of_IO cracks_NN2 during_II each_DD1 loading_NN1 cycle_NN1 cause_VV0 an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II sample_NN1 volume_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Many_DA2 studies_NN2 within_II operations_NN2 research_NN1 (_( Gregory_NP1 etal._NNU ,_, 2016_MC ;_; Hmlinen_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC ;_; Kellon_NP1 and_CC Arvai_NP1 ,_, 2011_MC ;_; Voinov_NP1 etal._NNU ,_, 2016_MC )_) ,_, and_CC e.g._REX in_II policy_NN1 and_CC governance_NN1 (_( e.g._REX Dietz_NP1 and_CC Stern_NN1 ,_, 2008_MC ;_; Dupuis_NP1 and_CC Knoepfel_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC ;_; étienne_NN1 ,_, 2011_MC ;_; Papadopoulos_NP2 and_CC Warin_NP1 ,_, 2007_MC ,_, and_CC therein_RR ;_; Renn_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC )_) ,_, or_CC transition_NN1 management_NN1 (_( e.g._REX Harris-Lovett_NP1 etal._NNU ,_, 2015_MC )_) ,_, call_VV0 for_IF participatory_JJ decision-making_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Comparisons_NN2 with_IW experimental_JJ results_NN2 for_IF three_MC prototype_NN1 braces_NN2 demonstrated_VVD that_CST the_AT proposed_JJ model_NN1 could_VM effectively_RR portray_VVI the_AT hysteretic_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT PS-SCED_JJ bracing_JJ system_NN1 by_II selecting_VVG reasonable_JJ dominant_JJ parameters_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Again_RT it_PPH1 is_VBZ seen_VVN that_CST the_AT present_JJ results_NN2 are_VBR in_II good_JJ agreement_NN1 with_IW the_AT results_NN2 from_II literature_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT rainfall_NN1 threshold_NN1 for_IF the_AT debris_NN1 flows_VVZ in_II Gaojiagou_NP1 Ravine_NN1 increased_VVN over_II time_NNT1 ,_, and_CC the_AT initiation_NN1 mechanisms_NN2 evolved_VVN from_II landslides_NN2 to_II channel-bed_JJ failure_NN1 ,_, and_CC subsequently_RR to_II channel-bank_JJ erosion_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ damage_NN1 detection_NN1 method_NN1 operates_VVZ directly_RR on_II the_AT raw_JJ ambient_JJ vibration_NN1 condition_NN1 signals_NN2 without_IW any_DD filtering_NN1 or_CC preprocessing_VVG ._. 
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To_TO tackle_VVI this_DD1 issue_NN1 ,_, the_AT subjected_VVN base_NN1 sample_NN1 is_VBZ dissected_VVN into_II many_DA2 smaller_JJR parts_NN2 ,_, using_VVG the_AT same_DA gradient_NN1 vector_NN1 filtering_NN1 technique_NN1 ,_, for_IF further_JJR analysis_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT maximum_JJ compressive_JJ force_NN1 in_II RCS_NP2 and_CC RCL_NP1 was_VBDZ 1and_FO 154kNrespectively_FO ._. 
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Excellent_JJ agreement_NN1 was_VBDZ achieved_VVN for_IF the_AT beams_NN2 in_II all_DB cases_NN2 ._. 
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Both_RR theoretical_JJ and_CC actual_JJ computation_NN1 costs_NN2 show_VV0 that_DD1 PCA_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 more_RGR efficient_JJ method_NN1 for_IF simulating_VVG spectral_JJ accelerations_NN2 for_IF 2_MC or_CC more_DAR periods_NN2 ._. 
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Back_NN1 in_II 1998_MC ,_, Yeh_NP1 demonstrated_VVD the_AT possibilities_NN2 of_IO using_VVG artificial_JJ neural_JJ networks_NN2 (_( ANN_NP1 )_) for_IF predicting_VVG the_AT compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO HPC_NP1 &lsqb;_( 26_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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All_DB experiments_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN at_RR21 least_RR22 twice_RR ,_, and_CC the_AT average_JJ data_NN with_IW their_APPGE standard_JJ deviations_NN2 was_VBDZ shown_VVN ._. 
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The_AT Location_NN1 of_IO the_AT Cranfield_NP1 field_NN1 ,_, Mississippi_NP1 ,_, USA_NP1 ._. 
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Recent_JJ work_NN1 has_VHZ shown_VVN that_CST the_AT delineation_NN1 of_IO more_RGR homogeneous_JJ subsets_NN2 of_IO lakes_NN2 with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 their_APPGE morphological_JJ regimes_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE subsequent_JJ integration_NN1 with_IW hierarchical_JJ frameworks_NN2 may_VM give_VVI models_NN2 with_IW better_JJR predictive_JJ capacity_NN1 (_( Cheng_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC ,_, Shimoda_NP1 and_CC Arhonditsis_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ._. 
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To_TO meet_VVI the_AT needs_NN2 ,_, in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT weldment_NN1 corrosion_NN1 behavior_NN1 of_IO bridge_NN1 steels_NN2 was_VBDZ investigated_VVN under_II simulated_JJ corrosive_JJ circumstances_NN2 with_IW and_CC without_IW protective_JJ coating_NN1 systems_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT developed_JJ method_NN1 is_VBZ limited_VVN to_II low-Mach_JJ number_NN1 flows_NN2 ,_, as_CSA mean_JJ flow_NN1 effects_NN2 are_VBR not_XX accounted_VVN for_IF in_II the_AT proposed_JJ procedure_NN1 ._. 
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Residual_JJ story_NN1 drifts_NN2 at_II the_AT end_NN1 of_IO the_AT test_NN1 in_II both_DB2 stories_NN2 were_VBDR similar_JJ (_( Table_NN1 3_MC ,_, Event_NN1 5_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT specimen_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 dry_JJ density_NN1 of_IO 1.50_MC Mg/m3_FU possessed_VVN a_AT1 weak_JJ collapsibility_NN1 ,_, and_CC its_APPGE dominant_JJ inter-aggregate_JJ pore_NN1 diameter_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT smallest_JJT before_II wetting_VVG and_CC almost_RR unchanged_JJ after_II being_VBG wetted_VVN to_II saturation_NN1 ._. 
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Due_II21 to_II22 the_AT lower_JJR flight_NN1 height_NN1 and_CC lower_JJR speed_NN1 (_( 3_MC m/s_ZZ1 as_II31 opposed_II32 to_II33 23.5_MC m/s_ZZ1 for_IF the_AT UX5_FO HP_NNU )_) the_AT map_NN1 produced_VVD using_VVG the_AT ZX5_FO orthomosaic_JJ is_VBZ more_RGR detailed_JJ compared_VVN to_II the_AT map_NN1 from_II the_AT UX5_FO HP_NN1 ._. 
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Similar_JJ results_NN2 were_VBDR reported_VVN by_II El-Amoury_NP1 and_CC Ghobarah_NP1 (_( 2002_MC )_) who_PNQS found_VVD that_DD1 steel_NN1 bar_NN1 slip_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 FRP_NP1 debonding_NN1 could_VM be_VBI eliminated_VVN when_CS FRP_NP1 sheets_NN2 are_VBR anchored_VVN with_IW steel_NN1 plates_NN2 at_II proper_JJ angles_NN2 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT high_JJ water_NN1 table_NN1 nears_VVZ the_AT slope_NN1 crest_NN1 ,_, the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO the_AT matric_JJ suction_NN1 on_II the_AT slope_NN1 stability_NN1 are_VBR negligible_JJ ._. 
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Ou_FW et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) employed_VVD non-linear_JJ three-dimensional_JJ finite_JJ element_NN1 analysis_NN1 (_( 3D_NNU FEA_NN1 )_) to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT wall_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 irregular_JJ excavation_NN1 site_NN1 of_IO the_AT Hai-Hua_NP1 Building_NN1 in_II Guangzhou_NP1 ,_, China_NP1 ._. 
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Among_II these_DD2 processes_NN2 ,_, one_MC1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT common_JJ and_CC cost-effective_JJ technologies_NN2 is_VBZ the_AT chemical_JJ absorption_NN1 process_NN1 ._. 
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In_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 the_AT limited_JJ site-specific_JJ data_NN ,_, there_EX are_VBR often_RR some_DD prior_JJ knowledge_NN1 (_( e.g._REX ,_, engineering_NN1 judgement_NN1 ,_, local_JJ experience_NN1 ,_, published_VVD reports_NN2 and_CC studies_NN2 )_) about_II the_AT site_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 might_VM be_VBI attributable_JJ to_II the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO microbial_JJ populations_NN2 with_IW the_AT acetate_NN1 metabolism_NN1 (_( Zhang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT simulation_NN1 results_NN2 agreed_VVD well_RR with_IW the_AT experimental_JJ data_NN for_IF sand_NN1 with_IW varying_JJ densities_NN2 and_CC confining_JJ stresses_NN2 ;_; under_II which_DDQ ,_, the_AT contractive_JJ and_CC dilative_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO sand_NN1 in_II the_AT full_JJ range_NN1 of_IO the_AT shearing_NN1 up_II21 to_II22 the_AT critical_JJ state_NN1 failure_NN1 can_VM be_VBI properly_RR captured_VVN ._. 
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Cement_NN1 paste_NN1 containing_VVG agglomerates_NN2 usually_RR experiences_VVZ sudden_JJ failure_NN1 because_II21 of_II22 the_AT increased_JJ stress_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT constituents_NN2 of_IO microalgae_NN2 that_CST can_VM be_VBI converted_VVN into_II biofuel_NN1 include_VV0 lipids_NN2 and_CC carbohydrates_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT spent_JJ microalgal_JJ biomass_NN1 after_II extraction_NN1 of_IO lipids_NN2 or_CC carbohydrates_NN2 can_VM also_RR be_VBI used_VVN for_IF biofuel_NN1 production_NN1 or_CC processed_VVN in_II other_JJ ways_NN2 to_TO be_VBI used_VVN as_CSA feed_NN1 or_CC fertilizer_NN1 ._. 
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Energy_NN1 system_NN1 improvements_NN2 should_VM be_VBI assessed_VVN considering_II all_DB the_AT relevant_JJ components_NN2 ,_, including_II wind_NN1 turbines_NN2 ,_, BIPV_NP1 ,_, energy_NN1 storage_NN1 etc_RA ._. 
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Sludge_NN1 is_VBZ normally_RR treated_VVN biologically_RR to_TO stabilise_VVI and_CC improve_VVI final_JJ dewatering_NN1 ,_, and_CC anaerobic_JJ digestion_NN1 is_VBZ widely_RR applied_VVN as_II a_AT1 method_NN1 to_TO do_VDI this_DD1 (_( Neyens_NP1 and_CC Baeyens_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT historical_JJ scenario_NN1 is_VBZ marked_VVN by_II the_AT black_JJ point_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ numerical_JJ model_NN1 again_RT shows_VVZ good_JJ agreement_NN1 with_IW FAST_JJ ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT responses_NN2 of_IO CNTRC_NP1 structures_NN2 on_II elastic_JJ foundations_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN addressed_VVN in_II some_DD works_NN ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA evidence_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 ,_, Table_NN1 1_MC1 provides_VVZ some_DD GitHub_NN1 development_NN1 metrics_NN2 for_IF the_AT next_MD generation_NN1 of_IO APSIM_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
From_II this_DD1 characteristic_JJ equation_NN1 ,_, one_PN1 can_VM determine_VVI a_AT1 critical_JJ load_NN1 when_CS material_JJ properties_NN2 and_CC restraint_NN1 parameters_NN2 are_VBR given_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Whilst_CS such_DA an_AT1 assumption_NN1 can_VM be_VBI theoretically_RR consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT actual_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 generic_JJ tower_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ not_XX very_RG frequently_RR observed_VVN in_II practice_NN1 ,_, because_CS it_PPH1 has_VHZ been_VBN seen_VVN that_DD1 failure_NN1 may_VM be_VBI more_RGR probable_JJ for_IF the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO different_JJ failure_NN1 mechanisms_NN2 ,_, like_II vertical_JJ splitting_NN1 ,_, combined_VVN shear_VV0 and_CC flexural_JJ failures_NN2 near_II the_AT base_NN1 ,_, Heyman_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 diagonal_JJ cracking_JJ &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, The_AT circumferential_JJ and_CC coupled_VVD modes_NN2 for_IF the_AT SYLDA_NN1 test-case_NN1 ;_; (_( a_ZZ1 )_) 229.6Hz_FO ,_, (_( b_ZZ1 )_) 357.2Hz_FO ,_, (_( c_ZZ1 )_) 640.2Hz_FO ,_, (_( d_ZZ1 )_) 984.5Hz_FO ._. 
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<s>
Its_APPGE areas_NN2 of_IO application_NN1 currently_RR focus_VV0 to_II the_AT powering_NN1 of_IO small_JJ autonomous_JJ wireless_NN1 sensors_NN2 (_( thus_RR eliminating_VVG the_AT need_NN1 for_IF wires_NN2 )_) ,_, in_II structural_JJ health_NN1 monitoring_NN1 and_CC building_NN1 automation_NN1 applications_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Hence_RR ,_, the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO PTRCs_NP1 needs_VVZ to_TO be_VBI investigated_VVN under_II dynamic_JJ load_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT framework_NN1 is_VBZ then_RT conducted_VVN on_II a_AT1 large-scale_JJ bridge_NN1 in_II the_AT University_NN1 of_IO Central_JJ Florida_NP1 (_( UCF_NP1 )_) Structures_VVZ Laboratory_NN1 for_IF verification_NN1 and_CC demonstration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT selected_JJ building_NN1 archetypes_NN2 consider_VV0 the_AT occupancy_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 building_NN1 in_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 other_JJ characteristics_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 building_NN1 material_NN1 ,_, area_NN1 ,_, roof_NN1 type_NN1 ,_, and_RR31 so_RR32 on_RR33 ._. 
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<s>
DSC_NN1 curves_NN2 of_IO (_( a_ZZ1 )_) n-OD_VV0 ,_, (_( b_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica_FO ,_, (_( c_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica-PDA_FO ,_, (_( d_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica-PDA-Ag(8)_FO ,_, (_( e_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica-PDA-Ag(16)_FO ,_, (_( f_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica-PDA-Ag(32)_FO ,_, and_CC (_( g_ZZ1 )_) n-OD@silica-PDA-Ag(48)_FO ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 developed_VVD a_AT1 user-friendly_JJ tool_NN1 for_IF producing_VVG the_AT HAND_NN1 map_NN1 using_VVG Python_NN1 language_NN1 which_DDQ includes_VVZ both_RR manual_JJ and_CC automatic_JJ procedures_NN2 to_TO extract_VVI drainage_NN1 networks_NN2 from_II a_AT1 DEM_FW ._. 
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<s>
As_II21 for_II22 Ld-Si-Ex_NP1 metamaterial_JJ plate_NN1 ,_, the_AT sensitivities_NN2 of_IO the_AT first_MD three_MC bands_NN2 around_II point_NN1 are_VBR all_DB much_RR higher_JJR than_CSN the_AT rest_NN1 parts_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ demonstrates_VVZ the_AT values_NN2 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 the_AT shapes_NN2 of_IO band_NN1 structures_NN2 in_II Ld-Si-Ex_NP1 plate_NN1 are_VBR more_RGR easily_RR affected_VVN by_II thermal_JJ stresses_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT formation_NN1 of_IO carboaluminate_JJ hydrates_NN2 is_VBZ limited_VVN from_II 3days_FO onwards_RL for_IF these_DD2 blends_NN2 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 12_MC ._. 
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<s>
To_TO illustrate_VVI this_DD1 concept_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 parametric_JJ study_NN1 is_VBZ conducted_VVN herein_RR for_IF studying_VVG the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT borehole_NN1 density_NN1 on_II the_AT tunnel_NN1 longitudinal_JJ performance_NN1 prediction_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT seismic_JJ demand_NN1 was_VBDZ reduced_VVN ,_, since_CS a_AT1 smaller_JJR acceleration_NN1 with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 that_DD1 of_IO the_AT ground_NN1 was_VBDZ obtained_VVN ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 novel_JJ kind_NN1 of_IO silver_NN1 coated_VVD NanoPCMs_NP1 with_IW enhanced_JJ thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 and_CC mechanical_JJ strength_NN1 will_VM benefit_VVI their_APPGE application_NN1 in_II thermal_JJ energy_NN1 storage_NN1 ,_, thermo-regulation_NN1 ,_, and_CC slurries_NN2 for_IF cooling_VVG of_IO electronic_JJ devices&lsqb;44&rsqb;_FO ._. 
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<s>
Prestressed_JJ concrete_JJ structures_NN2 are_VBR commonly_RR designed_VVN to_TO satisfy_VVI stress_NN1 and_CC deflection_NN1 serviceability_NN1 limit_NN1 states_NN2 and_CC to_TO pass_VVI capacity_NN1 checks_VVZ to_TO ensure_VVI that_CST the_AT structure_NN1 is_VBZ safe_JJ from_II collapse_NN1 under_II ultimate_JJ limit_NN1 states_NN2 (_( Nawy_NP1 2005_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 focus_VV0 on_II the_AT transport_NN1 and_CC storage_NN1 cost_NN1 since_CS the_AT CO2_FO capture_NN1 (_( where_CS and_CC how_RGQ much_RR )_) is_VBZ fixed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 paper_NN1 presents_VVZ an_AT1 experimental_JJ study_NN1 on_II the_AT interfacial_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO CFRP-steel_NN1 double-lap_NN1 joints_NN2 subjected_VVN to_II salt_NN1 fog_NN1 spray_NN1 or_CC high_JJ relative_JJ humidity_NN1 (_( RH_FO )_) at_II the_AT curing_VVG stage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Zhang_VV0 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
</s>
<s>
&lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) combined_VVD the_AT autoregressive_JJ model_NN1 and_CC the_AT GPR_NP1 (_( Gaussian_JJ Process_NN1 Regression_NN1 )_) for_IF the_AT probabilistic_JJ wind_NN1 speed_NN1 predictions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Their_APPGE proposed_JJ model_NN1 incorporates_VVZ the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO corrosion_NN1 into_II the_AT model_NN1 for_IF uncorroded_JJ confined_JJ concrete_NN1 developed_VVN by_II Mander_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 1988b_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 findings_NN2 provide_VV0 a_AT1 new_JJ option_NN1 for_IF researchers_NN2 to_TO predict_VVI building_NN1 energy_NN1 usage_NN1 and_CC enrich_VVI the_AT algorithms_NN2 library_NN1 of_IO empirical_JJ modeling_NN1 based_VVN building_NN1 energy_NN1 prediction_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Detailed_JJ servovalve_NN1 models_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN developed_VVN ,_, for_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, in_II Kim_NP1 and_CC Tsao_NP1 ,_, 6_MC which_DDQ have_VH0 broader_JJR applicability_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT DES_NP1 model_NN1 produces_VVZ acceptable_JJ results_NN2 in_II some_DD specific_JJ areas_NN2 but_CCB underestimates_VVZ most_DAT parts_NN2 of_IO the_AT testing_NN1 area_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
After_CS the_AT construction_NN1 of_IO base_NN1 slabs_NN2 is_VBZ completed_VVN ,_, the_AT next_MD construction_NN1 stage_NN1 can_VM be_VBI carried_VVN out_RP ._. 
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<s>
The_AT synchronization_NN1 subspace_NN1 plot_NN1 is_VBZ more_RRR straighten_VV0 ,_, and_CC the_AT NRMS_NP1 error_NN1 is_VBZ 4.26%_FO ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ lower_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 from_II Figure_NN1 12_MC ._. 
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<s>
The_AT axial_JJ stress_NN1 shows_VVZ a_AT1 similar_JJ distribution_NN1 curve_NN1 under_RG WC-2_MC ,_, DR-2_MC and_CC KB-2_MC shaking_VVG events_NN2 ,_, although_CS the_AT axial_JJ stress_NN1 induced_VVN by_II KB-2_MC shaking_VVG event_NN1 is_VBZ slightly_RR larger_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 caused_VVN by_II DR-2_MC or_CC KB-2_MC shaking_VVG event_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
According_II21 to_II22 those_DD2 experimental_JJ findings_NN2 ,_, some_DD design_NN1 guidelines_NN2 were_VBDR suggested_VVN ._. 
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<s>
The_AT probability_NN1 information_NN1 and_CC seismic_JJ reliability_NN1 of_IO the_AT safety_NN1 factor_NN1 demonstrate_VV0 that_CST the_AT results_NN2 between_II the_AT simulations_NN2 considering_II unsoftening_VVG and_CC softening_JJ behaviour_NN1 of_IO the_AT rockfill_NN1 materials_NN2 become_VV0 increasingly_RR different_JJ as_II the_AT earthquake_NN1 intensifies_VVZ ,_, and_CC strain-softening_JJ behaviour_NN1 gradually_RR appear_VV0 under_RG seismic_JJ excitation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Subsequently_RR ,_, HOMER_NP1 Pro_NN1 optimizes_VVZ the_AT configuration_NN1 of_IO the_AT energy_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, the_AT fluid_NN1 pressure_NN1 acting_VVG on_II the_AT tetrahedral_JJ elements_NN2 is_VBZ obtained_VVN ._. 
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<s>
More_DAR details_NN2 about_II the_AT soil_NN1 profile_NN1 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II Kelly_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, Pineda_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, and_CC Li_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 45_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 was_VBDZ expected_VVN as_II the_AT concrete_JJ liner_NN1 was_VBDZ slightly_RR higher_JJR in_II elevation_NN1 than_CSN the_AT bare_JJ ground_NN1 at_II this_DD1 location_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Given_VVN the_AT dislodgment_NN1 of_IO Ni_NP1 would_VM result_VVI in_II the_AT reactivity_NN1 loss_NN1 of_IO Fe/Ni_NP1 BNPs_NP1 ,_, this_DD1 could_VM be_VBI one_MC1 of_IO the_AT reasons_NN2 for_IF the_AT decreased_JJ reactivity_NN1 in_II TC_NP1 removal_NN1 by_II the_AT aged_JJ Fe/Ni_NP1 BNPs_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, an_AT1 exact_JJ numerical_JJ replication_NN1 of_IO the_AT sound_NN1 source_NN1 is_VBZ possible_JJ &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
And_CC the_AT boundary_NN1 condition_NN1 is_VBZ no-slip_JJ velocity_NN1 boundary_NN1 condition_NN1 for_IF the_AT wall_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 results_VVZ in_II a_AT1 larger_JJR driving_JJ force_NN1 at_II the_AT bottom_NN1 of_IO the_AT absorber_NN1 which_DDQ becomes_VVZ significantly_RR smaller_JJR towards_II the_AT top_NN1 of_IO the_AT absorber_NN1 ,_, as_CSA illustrated_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 12_MC ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, as_CSA first_MD order_NN1 interaction_NN1 indices_NN2 (_( Sij_NP1 )_) were_VBDR rather_RG small_JJ (_( <=2%_FO )_) ,_, we_PPIS2 mainly_RR used_JJ expectations_NN2 of_IO E_ZZ1 (_( y_ZZ1 |_NULL xi_NN1 )_) to_II narrow_JJ factor_NN1 ranges_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
According_II21 to_II22 Fig._NN1 9(b)_FO ,_, the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO L/R_ZZ1 ratios_NN2 would_VM reduce_VVI the_AT deflection_NN1 Wmn_NP1 of_IO the_AT structure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT reliability_NN1 analysis_NN1 used_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, three_MC different_JJ levels_NN2 of_IO COV_NP1 for_IF (_( N1_FO )_) 60_MC are_VBR considered_VVN :_: 10%_NNU ,_, 30%_NNU and_CC 60%_NNU ._. 
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<s>
The_AT aim_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 project_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO show_VVI to_II local_JJ authorities_NN2 in_II Nepal_NP1 and_CC Bhutan_NP1 the_AT possibilities_NN2 of_IO EO_NN1 products_NN2 and_CC services_NN2 for_IF disaster_NN1 risk_NN1 reduction_NN1 and_CC management_NN1 in_II the_AT Himalayas_NP2 ._. 
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<s>
Among_II the_AT many_DA2 green_JJ building_NN1 strategies_NN2 that_CST aim_VV0 to_TO reduce_VVI the_AT energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 HVAC_JJ system_NN1 ,_, natural_JJ ventilation_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ provides_VVZ passive_JJ cooling_NN1 and_CC ventilation_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ becoming_VVG increasingly_RR popular_JJ &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 5_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 6_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 8_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 9_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 46_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT increment_NN1 of_IO effective_JJ modulus_NN1 was_VBDZ 0.46%_FO from_II the_AT 90th_MD cycle_NN1 to_II the_AT 100th_MD cycle_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT total_JJ increment_NN1 from_II the_AT 10th_MD cycle_NN1 to_II the_AT 100th_MD cycle_NN1 was_VBDZ only_RR 1.9%_FO ._. 
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<s>
Meanwhile_RR ,_, DMTA_NP1 was_VBDZ also_RR adopted_VVN to_TO directly_RR investigate_VVI adhesion_NN1 between_II fibre_NN1 and_CC resin_NN1 &lsqb;_( 26_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 34_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Eq_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
(_( 3_MC )_) is_VBZ obtained_VVN by_II replacing_VVG the_AT damage_NN1 variable_NN1 in_II Eq_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
(_( 2_MC )_) by_II (_( 1h_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT positive_JJ strain_NN1 values_NN2 represent_VV0 the_AT tensile_JJ strains_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT negative_JJ values_NN2 are_VBR for_IF the_AT compressive_JJ strains_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT control_NN1 unstrengthened_JJ beam_NN1 without_IW stirrups_NN2 failed_VVD suddenly_RR after_II the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO the_AT diagonal_JJ crack_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT control_NN1 unstrengthened_JJ beam_NN1 with_IW stirrups_NN2 continued_VVD carrying_VVG load_NN1 after_II the_AT formation_NN1 of_IO the_AT diagonal_JJ shear_VV0 crack_NN1 until_CS yielding_VVG of_IO stirrups_NN2 resulted_VVN in_II beam_NN1 failure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
After_CS this_DD1 step_NN1 ,_, model_NN1 discretization_NN1 has_VHZ to_TO be_VBI defined_VVN ,_, regarding_VVG both_DB2 space_NN1 discretization_NN1 in_II the_AT horizontal_JJ (_( model_NN1 grid_NN1 )_) and_CC vertical_JJ (_( Mls_NNU2 )_) planes_NN2 and_CC time_NNT1 discretization_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Van_NP1 der_NP1 Spek_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2016_MC )_) employed_VVD the_AT rate-based_JJ approach_NN1 to_II post-combustion_JJ capture_NN1 (_( PCC_NP1 )_) modelling_NN1 and_CC compared_VVD the_AT thermodynamic_JJ performance_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 coal-fired_JJ power_NN1 plant_NN1 retrofitted_VVD with_IW a_AT1 PCC_NP1 plant_NN1 using_VVG AMP/PZ_NN1 and_CC MEA_NN1 solvents_NN2 ,_, considering_CS the_AT same_DA operating_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Section_NN1 3_MC describes_VVZ the_AT computational_JJ settings_NN2 and_CC parameters_NN2 for_IF the_AT CFD_NP1 simulations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 high-fidelity_JJ finite_JJ element_NN1 model_NN1 was_VBDZ developed_VVN to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT distribution_NN1 of_IO lateral_JJ stress_NN1 using_VVG Abaqus_NP1 (_( Meng_NP1 and_CC Khayat_VV0 2016_MC ;_; Bao_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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2017a_FO ,_, b_ZZ1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Alternatively_RR ,_, the_AT model_NN1 can_VM be_VBI fitted_VVN with_IW pumps_NN2 to_TO control_VVI the_AT pressure_NN1 of_IO the_AT backflowing_JJ water_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Variation_NN1 of_IO CO2_FO storage_NN1 rate_NN1 with_IW time_NNT1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 finding_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR confirmed_VVN by_II the_AT results_NN2 from_II Russo_NP1 and_CC Pauletta_NP1 (_( 2012_MC )_) ,_, who_PNQS obtain_VV0 lower_JJR strength_NN1 increase_NN1 for_IF full-scale_JJ specimens_NN2 or_CC specimens_NN2 with_IW larger_JJR bar_NN1 diameters_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT performance_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 GBT_NP1 structural_JJ analysis_NN1 involves_VVZ two_MC independent_JJ main_JJ tasks_NN2 :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) a_AT1 cross-section_NN1 analysis_NN1 ,_, concerning_VVG the_AT of_IO the_AT cross-section_NN1 deformation_NN1 modes_NN2 and_CC evaluation_NN1 of_IO the_AT corresponding_JJ modal_JJ mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 ;_; and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) a_AT1 member_NN1 analysis_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ consists_VVZ of_IO solving_VVG the_AT appropriate_JJ differential_JJ equilibrium_NN1 equation_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Select_VV0 the_AT target_NN1 fixed-base_NN1 period_NN1 of_IO vibration_NN1 (_( Tfix_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ because_CS that_CST the_AT polar_JJ groups_NN2 from_II emulsifier_NN1 and_CC wall_NN1 prepolymer_NN1 interact_VV0 with_IW the_AT oxygen_NN1 functional_JJ groups_NN2 bonded_VVD on_II graphene_NN1 oxide_NN1 sheet_NN1 ,_, thus_RR graphene_NN1 oxide_NN1 is_VBZ wrapped_VVN into_II shell_NN1 resin_NN1 and_CC emulsifier_NN1 ,_, and_CC would_VM hardly_RR affect_VVI the_AT encapsulation_NN1 of_IO core_NN1 emulsion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT influence_NN1 of_IO thermal_JJ experience_NN1 on_II the_AT occupants_NN2 '_NULL expectations_NN2 regarding_II the_AT indoor_JJ conditions_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ can_VM be_VBI short-term_JJ ,_, due_II21 to_II22 the_AT prevailing_JJ weather_NN1 ,_, or_CC long-term_JJ ,_, relate_VV0 to_II the_AT general_JJ climate_NN1 they_PPHS2 are_VBR used_VVN to_II &lsqb;_( 37_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT maximum_JJ damping_NN1 ratio_NN1 and_CC corresponding_JJ optimum_JJ damping_NN1 parameter_NN1 grouping_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ clearly_RR demonstrates_VVZ the_AT increment_NN1 of_IO damping_NN1 and_CC decreasing_JJ of_IO corresponding_JJ optimum_JJ damper_NN1 constant_JJ as_CSA this_DD1 case_NN1 ,_, was_VBDZ discussed_VVN by_II Krenk_NP1 and_CC Hgsberg10_FO and_CC Duan._NP1 (_( 4_MC )_) When_RRQ damper_NN1 and_CC mass_NN1 are_VBR located_VVN by_II the_AT two_MC different_JJ cable_NN1 ends_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ found_VVN that_DD1 damper_NN1 and_CC mass_NN1 do_VD0 not_XX affect_VVI each_PPX221 other_PPX222 ._. 
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As_CSA in_II other_JJ works_NN ,_, 16_MC ,_, 19_MC the_AT power_NN1 delivered_VVN to_II storage_NN1 is_VBZ defined_VVN as_II the_AT power_NN1 extracted_VVN by_II the_AT transducer_NN1 minus_II the_AT transmission_NN1 losses_NN2 in_II the_AT transducer_NN1 and_CC power_NN1 electronic_JJ circuitry_NN1 in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Observations_NN2 (_( Table_NN1 1_MC1 )_) were_VBDR taken_VVN at_II Wrest_VV0 Park_NP1 ,_, Silsoe_NP1 ,_, Bedfordshire_NP1 ,_, U.K._NP1 (_( 52.01088°_FO N_ZZ1 ,_, 0.410979°_FO W_ZZ1 )_) using_VVG an_AT1 uninhabited_JJ instrumented_JJ cube_NN1 (_( height_NN1 6m_NNU )_) ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS the_AT predictions_NN2 of_IO the_AT properties_NN2 of_IO CNTRCs_NP1 are_VBR important_JJ information_NN1 ,_, the_AT major_JJ goal_NN1 for_IF the_AT creation_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 materials_NN2 is_VBZ their_APPGE applications_NN2 in_II actual_JJ structures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT operation_NN1 and_CC capital_NN1 cost_NN1 benefits_NN2 of_IO SEGR_NN1 on_II the_AT PCC_NP1 system_NN1 have_VH0 to_TO be_VBI balanced_VVN against_II the_AT additional_JJ costs_NN2 associated_VVN to_II the_AT CO2_FO transfer_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
At_II every_AT1 timestep_NN1 ,_, the_AT SIFs_NP2 and_CC growth_NN1 computations_NN2 are_VBR performed_VVN at_II fifty_MC locations_NN2 along_II the_AT fracture_NN1 tip_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Additional_JJ details_NN2 regarding_II the_AT development_NN1 of_IO the_AT fragility_NN1 functions_NN2 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II Kameshwar_NP1 and_CC Padgett_NP1 (_( 2018_MC )_) ._. 
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Part_NN1 of_IO experimental_JJ work_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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Worldwide_RL ,_, there_EX is_VBZ relatively_RR advanced_JJ policy_NN1 support_NN1 for_IF NZEBs_NN2 in_II regions_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 North_ND1 America_NP1 and_CC the_AT European_JJ Union_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Generally_RR ,_, maximum_JJ charge_NN1 per_II delay_NN1 is_VBZ contributed_VVN by_II the_AT bottom_JJ floor_NN1 holes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Indeed_RR ,_, several_DA2 band-gaps_NN2 can_VM share_VVI a_AT1 same_DA location_NN1 (_( see_VV0 the_AT color_NN1 scale_NN1 of_IO Fig._NN1 7_MC )_) ,_, being_VBG especially_RR true_JJ at_II the_AT positions_NN2 indicated_VVN by_II letters_NN2 (_( e.g._REX ,_, X_ZZ1 ,_, M_ZZ1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
Shifts_NN2 in_II the_AT optimal_JJ agricultural_JJ area_NN1 result_NN1 from_II changes_NN2 in_II the_AT parameter_NN1 values_NN2 displayed_VVN on_II the_AT model_NN1 interface_NN1 :_: market_VV0 price_NN1 of_IO agricultural_JJ outputs_NN2 ;_; REDD_NP1 +_FO payments_NN2 for_IF avoided_JJ deforestation_NN1 and_CC promotion_NN1 of_IO natural_JJ regeneration_NN1 ;_; and_CC ,_, wage_NN1 rates_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT inelastic_JJ hardening_NN1 or_CC softening_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT superstructure_NN1 is_VBZ described_VVN by_II31 means_II32 of_II33 a_AT1 nonlinear_JJ constitutive_JJ law_NN1 that_CST provides_VVZ an_AT1 elastic_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT superstructure_NN1 if_CS Equation3_FO is_VBZ satisfied_JJ and_CC allows_VVZ the_AT assessment_NN1 of_IO the_AT corresponding_JJ restoring_JJ force_NN1 through_II Equation4_FO ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, in_II the_AT aftermath_NN1 of_IO the_AT earthquake_NN1 ,_, service_NN1 disruptions_NN2 in_II KUKL_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 water_NN1 supply_NN1 did_VDD not_XX cause_VVI major_JJ problems_NN2 to_II water_NN1 access_NN1 because_CS households_NN2 already_RR had_VHN their_APPGE alternative_JJ solutions_NN2 ._. 
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Both_DB2 turbulence_NN1 models_NN2 are_VBR able_JK to_TO provide_VVI acceptable_JJ results_NN2 when_CS compared_VVN to_II laboratory_NN1 velocity_NN1 measurements_NN2 ,_, and_CC it_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_CST the_AT LES_NP1 model_NN1 outperformed_VVD RANS_NN2 when_CS comparing_VVG the_AT spatial_JJ distributions_NN2 of_IO the_AT measured_JJ velocity_NN1 data_NN ._. 
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Where_CS QActual_NP1 is_VBZ the_AT actual_JJ groundwater_NN1 inflow_NN1 into_II tunnel_NN1 in_II the_AT effective_JJ discharge_NN1 length_NN1 (_( m3_FO s1_FO m_ZZ1 )_) ;_; Qu_NP1 is_VBZ the_AT groundwater_NN1 inflow_NN1 for_IF unit_NN1 length_NN1 of_IO tunnel_NN1 (_( m3_FO s1_FO )_) ;_; AJ_NP1 (_( total_NN1 )_) is_VBZ the_AT total_JJ aperture_NN1 surface_NN1 area_NN1 of_IO all_DB joint_JJ set_NN1 (_( m2_FO )_) and_CC Le_NP1 is_VBZ the_AT effective_JJ discharge_NN1 length_NN1 under_II groundwater_NN1 table_NN1 (_( m_ZZ1 )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 was_VBDZ shown_VVN that_CST to_TO prevent_VVI global_JJ buckling_NN1 under_II large_JJ axial_JJ deformations_NN2 ,_, combined_JJ effects_NN2 of_IO axial_JJ force_NN1 ,_, Pdelta_NP1 bending_VVG moments_NN2 ,_, and_CC normal_JJ thrust_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 local_JJ buckling_NN1 of_IO core_NN1 must_VM be_VBI considered_VVN in_II design_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ known_VVN as_II the_AT Urban_NP1 Heat_NP1 Island_NNL1 (_( UHI_NP1 )_) effect_NN1 and_CC results_NN2 in_II an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II cooling_VVG energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 in_II urban_JJ areas_NN2 &lsqb;_( 3,4_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Hourly_JJ electricity_NN1 usage_NN1 trend_NN1 of_IO Rinker_NN1 Hall_NN1 (_( October_NPM1 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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Plot_VV0 the_AT Nc/Nr_FU vs._II the_AT rubber_JJ fraction_NN1 ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 18_MC ._. 
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By_II increasing_VVG the_AT W/H_NP1 ,_, the_AT relative_JJ displacement_NN1 in_II the_AT four_MC distinct_JJ stages_NN2 decreases_VVZ significantly_RR and_CC the_AT difference_NN1 of_IO the_AT relative_JJ displacement_NN1 above_II the_AT coal_NN1 pillar_NN1 ,_, above_II the_AT solid_JJ coal_NN1 and_CC above_II the_AT entry_NN1 also_RR decreases_VVZ significantly_RR ._. 
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Diaphragm_NN1 design_NN1 involves_VVZ providing_VVG load_NN1 paths_NN2 through_II the_AT floor_NN1 system_NN1 &lsqb;_( Fig.9(a)_FO &rsqb;_) to_TO carry_VVI the_AT in-plane_NN1 shear_VV0 ,_, flexure_VV0 ,_, and_CC collector_NN1 forces_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW diaphragm_NN1 action_NN1 (_( Moehle_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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Furthermore_RR ,_, a_AT1 comparison_NN1 between_II GSV-based_NN1 and_CC 3D-GIS-based_JJ SVFs_NP1 shows_VVZ that_CST the_AT two_MC SVF_NP1 estimates_NN2 are_VBR significantly_RR correlated_VVN (_( R2=0.40_FO ,_, p<0.01_FO )_) and_CC show_VV0 better_JJR agreement_NN1 in_II high-density_JJ areas_NN2 ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 5a_FO ,_, the_AT slag_NN1 paste_NN1 displays_VVZ a_AT1 dull_JJ blue-green_JJ colour_NN1 before_II exposure_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ similar_JJ to_II the_AT colour_NN1 reported_VVN for_IF slag/cement_NN1 blends_NN2 &lsqb;_( 47_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 model_NN1 applied_VVN in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO penetration_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 paste_NN1 though_CS porous_JJ medium_NN1 ,_, the_AT penetration_NN1 stops_VVZ when_RRQ the_AT energy_NN1 linked_VVN to_II the_AT driving_JJ forces_NN2 that_CST generate_VV0 the_AT flow_NN1 (_( the_AT capillary_JJ suction_NN1 ,_, hydrostatic_JJ pressure_NN1 ,_, kinetic_JJ energy_NN1 )_) is_VBZ in_II equilibrium_NN1 with_IW the_AT energy_NN1 dissipated_VVD by_II friction_NN1 on_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT particles_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT water_NN1 pressures_NN2 in_II the_AT top_NN1 2_MC m_NNO during_II different_JJ irrigation_NN1 steps_NN2 are_VBR relatively_RR identical_JJ ,_, while_CS they_PPHS2 are_VBR different_JJ with_IW those_DD2 in_II non-irrigation_JJ steps_NN2 ._. 
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Besides_RR ,_, slurry_NN1 balanced_JJ shield_NN1 machine_NN1 (_( SPSM_NP1 )_) is_VBZ also_RR not_XX appropriate_JJ as_II the_AT uneven_JJ crashed_JJ rocks_NN2 could_VM cause_VVI jam_NN1 and_CC damage_NN1 to_II the_AT delivery_NN1 pipe_NN1 ._. 
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Additionally_RR ,_, wind_NN1 increases_VVZ in_II magnitude_NN1 as_CSA it_PPH1 flows_VVZ across_II a_AT1 lake_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Ren_NN1 and_CC Naito_NP1 (_( 2013_MC )_) provide_VV0 a_AT1 comprehensive_JJ database_NN1 of_IO existing_JJ tests_NN2 on_II precast_JJ diaphragm_NN1 connectors_NN2 ._. 
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Results_NN2 reported_VVN in_II Table_NN1 4_MC make_VV0 our_APPGE main_JJ findings_NN2 more_RGR robust_JJ ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 used_VVD n=0.012_FO ._. 
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For_IF drying_VVG methods_NN2 ,_, either_RR SCD_NP1 or_CC IPA_NP1 replacement_NN1 drying_NN1 can_VM be_VBI used_VVN ,_, depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT objectives_NN2 of_IO the_AT study_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT two_MC subroutines_NN2 are_VBR integrated_VVN into_II ABAQUS_NP1 to_TO implement_VVI thermal-mechanical_JJ coupled_JJ calculation_NN1 ,_, shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 2(a)_FO ._. 
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Finally_RR Figure_NN1 6C_FO reports_VVZ the_AT fragility_NN1 curve_NN1 ,_, as_CSA obtained_VVN by_II both_DB2 methods_NN2 ._. 
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These_DD2 results_NN2 indicate_VV0 that_CST RWMFs_NP1 can_VM enhance_VVI the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO regular_JJ MFs_NP1 in_II31 accordance_II32 with_II33 the_AT requirements_NN2 of_IO prevailing_JJ codes_NN2 of_IO practice_NN1 ._. 
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As_CSA intended_VVN ,_, it_PPH1 successfully_RR prevented_VVN formation_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 weak-story_JJ mechanism_NN1 even_RR after_II rupture_NN1 of_IO the_AT BRB_NP1 ,_, the_AT structure_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 primary_JJ source_NN1 of_IO energy_NN1 dissipation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Extremely_RR small_JJ literature_NN1 on_II the_AT usage_NN1 of_IO long_JJ sisal_NN1 fibre_NN1 and_CC fibre_NN1 architecture_NN1 such_II21 as_II22 mat_NN1 ,_, twill_NN1 and_CC weave_NN1 configurations_NN2 with_IW thermoplastic_JJ resin_NN1 are_VBR reported_VVN due_II21 to_II22 this_DD1 limitation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Additional_JJ support_NN1 was_VBDZ provided_VVN by_II the_AT Republic_NN1 of_IO Singapore_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 National_JJ Research_NN1 Foundation_NN1 through_II a_AT1 grant_NN1 to_II the_AT Berkeley_NP1 Education_NN1 Alliance_NN1 for_IF Research_NN1 in_II Singapore_NP1 (_( BEARS_NN2 )_) for_IF the_AT Singapore-Berkeley_NP1 Building_NN1 Efficiency_NN1 and_CC Sustainability_NN1 in_II the_AT Tropics_NN (_( SinBerBEST_NP1 )_) Program_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT sample_NN1 60C40D_FO ,_, it_PPH1 was_VBDZ calculated_VVN that_CST approx_RR ._. 
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<s>
Identify_VV0 characteristics_NN2 having_VHG a_AT1 lack_NN1 of_IO supporting_JJ information_NN1 and_CC prioritize_VV0 future_JJ research_NN1 and_CC development_NN1 ._. 
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Based_VVN on_II the_AT period-based_JJ ductility_NN1 identified_VVN previously_RR ,_, for_IF the_AT isolated_JJ moment-resisting_JJ frames_NN2 ,_, the_AT record-to-record_JJ uncertainty_NN1 is_VBZ β_NULL RTR=0.314_FO for_IF the_AT baseline_NN1 design_NN1 and_CC β_NULL RTR=0.344_FO for_IF the_AT stronger_JJR frame_NN1 design_NN1 ._. 
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For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, Martin_NP1 and_CC Chandler4_FO determined_VVN the_AT crack_NN1 initiation_NN1 threshold_NN1 by_II calculating_VVG the_AT crack_NN1 volumetric_JJ strain_NN1 of_IO rocks_NN2 ,_, but_CCB Eberhardt_NP1 et_NP1 al.16_FO found_VVN that_CST the_AT crack_NN1 volumetric_JJ strain_NN1 method_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 large_JJ dependence_NN1 on_II elastic_JJ parameters_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 the_AT elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 and_CC Poisson_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 ratio_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT protective_JJ action_NN1 decision_NN1 model_NN1 put_VVD forth_RR by_II Lindell_NP1 and_CC Perry_NP1 (_( 2012_MC )_) presented_VVD a_AT1 framework_NN1 in_II which_DDQ the_AT perceptions_NN2 of_IO environmental_JJ threats_NN2 ,_, like_II natural_JJ disasters_NN2 ,_, directly_RR influenced_VVN a_AT1 household_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 decision_NN1 as_II21 to_II22 which_DDQ protective_JJ action_NN1 (_( if_CS any_DD )_) it_PPH1 decided_VVD to_TO pursue_VVI ._. 
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It_PPH1 should_VM be_VBI emphasized_VVN that_CST cyclic_JJ loads_NN2 from_II the_AT train_NN1 could_VM deteriorate_VVI the_AT mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO LWC_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT framework_NN1 provided_VVN by_II Gallopin_NP1 (_( 2006_MC )_) was_VBDZ modified_VVN to_TO add_VVI constructs_NN2 that_CST are_VBR consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT characteristics_NN2 of_IO infrastructure_NN1 systems_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT symmetrical_JJ and_CC asymmetrical_JJ bending_NN1 vibrations_NN2 of_IO CH3_FO are_VBR represented_VVN at_II 1379cm1&lsqb;35&rsqb;_FO ._. 
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Normalized_NP1 bearing_VVG displacement_NN1 vs._II *_FU and_CC Tb/Tg_NN1 :_: dispersion_NN1 for_IF s_ZZ1 =_FO 3_MC (_( a_ZZ1 )_) ,_, s_ZZ1 =_FO 6_MC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) ,_, s_ZZ1 =_FO 9_MC (_( c_ZZ1 )_) and_CC s_ZZ1 =_FO 12_MC (_( d_ZZ1 )_) for_IF different_JJ values_NN2 of_IO γ_NULL ._. 
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<s>
That_DD1 is_VBZ understandable_JJ because_CS although_CS the_AT L-P_NN1 method_NN1 is_VBZ capable_JJ of_IO predicting_VVG the_AT dispersion_NN1 relation_NN1 of_IO plane_NN1 waves_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 fails_VVZ to_TO capture_VVI the_AT evolution_NN1 of_IO wave_NN1 packets_NN2 in_II nonlinear_JJ AMs_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 lack_NN1 of_IO code_NN1 provisions_NN2 stems_VVZ from_II the_AT infrequent_JJ use_NN1 of_IO precast_JJ concrete_NN1 historically_RR in_II seismic_JJ design_NN1 of_IO bridges_NN2 ._. 
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Surrounding_JJ soil_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT media_NN between_II the_AT foundation_NN1 pit_NN1 and_CC the_AT buried_JJ pipeline_NN1 ._. 
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At_II the_AT same_DA time_NNT1 ,_, reducing_VVG the_AT length-weighted_JJ variation_NN1 of_IO fiber_NN1 length_NN1 had_VHD an_AT1 observable_JJ positive_JJ effect_NN1 on_II the_AT average_JJ strength_NN1 and_CC stiffness_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT frame_NN1 beam_NN1 presents_VVZ a_AT1 rotation_NN1 deformation_NN1 mode_NN1 around_II its_APPGE vertex_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ means_VVZ that_CST the_AT horizontal_JJ displacement_NN1 at_II Point_NN1 II-2_MC is_VBZ larger_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO Point_NN1 II-4_MC ._. 
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The_AT mixture_NN1 was_VBDZ ground_VVN until_CS the_AT ethanol_NN1 was_VBDZ almost_RR evaporated_VVN ._. 
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Others_NN2 have_VH0 no_AT limits_NN2 on_II length_NN1 or_CC thermal_JJ movement_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF further_JJR demonstration_NN1 ,_, the_AT first_MD and_CC the_AT third_MD natural_JJ frequencies_NN2 are_VBR applied_VVN to_TO detect_VVI the_AT bridge_NN1 damage_NN1 ._. 
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Slight_JJ deterioration_NN1 of_IO vibration_NN1 control_NN1 performance_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR observed_VVN at_II extreme_JJ mean_JJ wind_NN1 speed_NN1 (_( e.g._REX ,_, 40m/s_FU )_) ,_, because_II21 of_II22 damping_NN1 deviating_VVG from_II its_APPGE optimal_JJ setting_NN1 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, the_AT economic_JJ performance_NN1 of_IO the_AT retrofitted_JJ system_NN1 is_VBZ evaluated_VVN ,_, and_CC compared_VVN to_II that_DD1 based_VVN on_II MEA_NP1 ._. 
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Results_NN2 of_IO DSR_NP1 test_NN1 for_IF BF-asphalt_JJ mastic_NN1 with_IW different_JJ fiber_NN1 contents_NN2 at_II 64-82°C_FO :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) Rutting_VVG factor_NN1 and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) Phase_NN1 angle_NN1 ._. 
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Synthetic_JJ seismic_JJ response_NN1 signals_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN consistently_RR analysed_VVN as_II21 for_II22 a_AT1 necessary_JJ condition_NN1 validation_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 combination_NN1 is_VBZ regarded_VVN as_II a_AT1 reasonable_JJ structure_NN1 in_II seismic_JJ zone_NN1 because_CS the_AT flexible_JJ structure_NN1 at_II upper_JJ part_NN1 can_VM consume_VVI a_AT1 large_JJ amount_NN1 of_IO seismic_JJ energy_NN1 in_II earthquakes_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT cyclic_JJ configuration_NN1 is_VBZ able_JK to_TO achieve_VVI a_AT1 high_JJ purity_NN1 CO2_FO stream_NN1 is_VBZ based_VVN on_II a_AT1 previous_JJ work_NN1 (_( Grande_FW and_CC Rodrigues_NP1 ,_, 2008_MC )_) ._. 
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A_AT1 negative_JJ sign_NN1 represents_VVZ a_AT1 negative_JJ correlation_NN1 in_II which_DDQ an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II the_AT cause_NN1 leads_VVZ to_II a_AT1 decrease_NN1 in_II the_AT effect_NN1 ,_, and_CC vice_RR21 versa_RR22 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 method_NN1 ,_, every_AT1 factor_NN1 that_CST could_VM affect_VVI the_AT result_NN1 is_VBZ classified_VVN ,_, and_CC the_AT most_RGT unfavorable_JJ one_PN1 is_VBZ given_VVN the_AT lowest_JJT grade_NN1 ._. 
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Walls_NP1 SQ2_FO and_CC SQ2S_FO experienced_JJ widespread_JJ diagonal_JJ cracking_JJ caused_VVN by_II the_AT presence_NN1 of_IO concentrated_JJ reinforcement_NN1 in_II the_AT boundary_NN1 zones_NN2 ._. 
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For_IF FRP_NP1 RC_NP1 sections_NN2 ,_, the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO tension_NN1 stiffening_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR pronounced_JJ compared_VVN to_II conventional_JJ steel_NN1 RC_NP1 sections_NN2 as_II a_AT1 result_NN1 of_IO the_AT lower_JJR elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 of_IO FRP_NP1 bars_NN2 (_( Bischoff_NP1 2005_MC )_) ._. 
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Hydrogen_NN1 yield_NN1 reached_VVD a_AT1 stable_JJ level_NN1 after_CS approximately_RR 50d_NNU operation_NN1 ,_, and_CC then_RT the_AT assay_NN1 of_IO key_JJ enzyme_NN1 activities_NN2 was_VBDZ performed_VVN ._. 
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The_AT third_MD phase_NN1 of_IO the_AT workflow_NN1 is_VBZ then_RT to_TO apply_VVI one_MC1 or_CC more_DAR ENA_NP1 methods_NN2 to_II the_AT model_NN1 parameter_NN1 ensemble_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 includes_VVZ how_RRQ model_NN1 stochasticity_NN1 is_VBZ taken_VVN into_II account_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT parameterisation_NN1 of_IO the_AT selected_JJ optimisation_NN1 algorithm_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT latter_DA results_NN2 can_VM be_VBI extended_VVN to_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO imperfect_JJ contact_NN1 on_II the_AT interfaces_NN2 by_II following_VVG the_AT methodology_NN1 in_II Guinovart-Díaz_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2013_MC )_) for_IF each_DD1 structural_JJ level_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT International_JJ Energy_NN1 Agency_NN1 &lsqb;_( 9,10_MC &rsqb;_) ;_; agrees_VVZ with_IW the_AT notion_NN1 that_CST the_AT current_JJ path_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX sustainable_JJ in_II its_APPGE three_MC pillars_NN2 :_: economic_JJ ,_, social_JJ and_CC environmental_JJ ._. 
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As_CSA mentioned_VVN earlier_RRR ,_, the_AT key_JJ feature_NN1 of_IO the_AT proposed_JJ CNN-based_JJ damage_NN1 detection_NN1 technique_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST the_AT computational_JJ time_NNT1 and_CC power_NN1 required_VVN to_TO classify_VVI the_AT signals_NN2 are_VBR significantly_RR reduced_VVN ._. 
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However_RR ,_, both_DB2 support_VV0 vector_NN1 machines_NN2 and_CC neural_JJ network_NN1 algorithms_NN2 are_VBR harder_JJR to_TO tune_VVI than_CSN the_AT more_RGR recent_JJ gradient_NN1 boosting_VVG machine_NN1 learning_NN1 algorithm_NN1 that_CST is_VBZ explored_VVN in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 our_APPGE simulations_NN2 ,_, price_NN1 elasticity_NN1 reaches_VVZ the_AT value_NN1 of_IO 0.88_MC when_RRQ DCC_MC is_VBZ employed_VVN to_TO estimate_VVI the_AT water_NN1 demand_NN1 in_II locations_NN2 exposed_VVD to_TO IBR_VVI ._. 
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The_AT stress_NN1 amplitude_NN1 of_IO exceeding_VVG tensile_JJ strength_NN1 is_VBZ called_VVN demand_NN1 capacity_NN1 ratio_NN1 (_( DCR_NP1 )_) ,_, DCR=t/fs_FU ,_, where_CS t_ZZ1 is_VBZ the_AT calculated_JJ tensile_JJ stress_NN1 and_CC fs_FO is_VBZ the_AT tensile_JJ strength_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 strengthening_NN1 protects_VVZ the_AT joint_JJ from_II yield_NN1 penetration_NN1 and_CC further_RRR improves_VVZ the_AT dissipative_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO the_AT specimen_NN1 ._. 
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Damping_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN increased_VVN from_II 0.38%_FO of_IO the_AT uncontrolled_JJ case_NN1 to_II 0.80%_FO in_II the_AT controlled_JJ case_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 major_JJ aim_NN1 might_VM specifically_RR be_VBI public_JJ participation_NN1 including_II a_AT1 large_JJ number_NN1 of_IO laypeople_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ might_VM be_VBI best_RRT achieved_VVN exactly_RR by_II gamification_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, for_IF conventional_JJ bolted_JJ connections_NN2 ,_, the_AT residual_JJ drift_NN1 was_VBDZ obtained_VVN as_CSA 1.89%_FO at_II 3%_NNU interstory_JJ drift_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ beyond_II the_AT DS3_FO performance_NN1 level_NN1 ,_, indicating_VVG that_CST the_AT residual_JJ drift_NN1 is_VBZ sufficiently_RR large_JJ that_CST the_AT structure_NN1 may_VM be_VBI in_II the_AT danger_NN1 of_IO collapse_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT hollow-core_JJ columns_NN2 had_VHD an_AT1 identical_JJ inside_II diameter_NN1 of_IO 175mm_NNU ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 model_NN1 ,_, the_AT porous_JJ seepage_NN1 in_II the_AT rock_NN1 matrix_NN1 is_VBZ represented_VVN by_II a_AT1 real_JJ three-dimensional_JJ flow_NN1 ,_, rather_II21 than_II22 the_AT equivalent_JJ approach_NN1 &lsqb;_( 34_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 68_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 69_MC &rsqb;_) that_CST the_AT porous_JJ seepage_NN1 in_II the_AT rock_NN1 matrix_NN1 is_VBZ represented_VVN by_II the_AT fracture_NN1 seepage_NN1 in_II the_AT unbroken_JJ joint_JJ elements_NN2 ._. 
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Generally_RR ,_, the_AT values_NN2 of_IO drift_NN1 ratio_NN1 prediction_NN1 are_VBR less_RRR affected_VVN by_II the_AT column_NN1 axial_JJ stiffness_NN1 compared_VVN with_IW the_AT shear_VV0 force_NN1 and_CC moment_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 demonstrate_VV0 that_CST the_AT proposed_JJ method_NN1 can_VM effectively_RR analyse_VVI nonlinear_JJ data_NN trends_NN2 ,_, continuously_RR monitor_VV0 the_AT wind_NN1 turbine_NN1 and_CC reliably_RR detect_VV0 abnormal_JJ problems_NN2 ._. 
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Sterile_JJ feed-water_NN1 was_VBDZ prepared_VVN daily_RR in_II 10L_NNU glass_NN1 bottles_NN2 ._. 
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Enlarged_JJ dowel_NN1 used_VVN for_IF beam-column_JJ hinged_JJ connection_NN1 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) schematic_JJ view_NN1 of_IO the_AT joint_JJ ,_, (_( b_ZZ1 )_) dowels_NN2 prior_II21 to_II22 installation_NN1 ._. 
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CO2_FO was_VBDZ injected_VVN into_II the_AT reactor_NN1 through_II a_AT1 Bronkhorst_NN1 Hightech_VV0 mass_JJ flow_NN1 controller_NN1 (_( 0.5NL/min_FU ,_, accuracy_NN1 0.1%_FO FS_NP2 )_) from_II a_AT1 2300mL_NNU storage_NN1 cylinder_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT sake_NN1 of_IO brevity_NN1 ,_, the_AT CNTRC_NP1 plate_NN1 was_VBDZ assumed_VVN to_TO be_VBI perfect_JJ and_CC without_IW foundation_NN1 ,_, unless_CS otherwise_RR specified_VVN ._. 
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The_AT fineness_NN1 modulus_NN1 of_IO sea_NN1 sand_NN1 is_VBZ 2.39_MC and_CC that_DD1 of_IO river_NN1 sand_NN1 is_VBZ 1.86_MC ,_, indicating_VVG the_AT sea_NN1 sand_NN1 is_VBZ slightly_RR coarser_JJR than_CSN the_AT river_NN1 sand_NN1 ._. 
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Our_APPGE contribution_NN1 &lsqb;_( 1_MC1 &rsqb;_) ,_, was_VBDZ therefore_RR intended_VVN to_TO establish_VVI the_AT properties_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 tightly_RR controlled_VVD MKPC_NP1 formulation_NN1 envelope_NN1 suitable_JJ for_IF UK_NP1 radioactive_JJ waste_NN1 streams_NN2 ,_, rather_CS21 than_CS22 for_IF civil_JJ engineering_NN1 applications_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT covered_JJ zone_NN1 is_VBZ surrounded_VVN by_II two_MC rocks_NN2 ;_; red_JJ mudstone_NN1 and_CC green_JJ mudstone_NN1 (_( shown_VVN as_CSA grey_JJ and_CC green_JJ area_NN1 ,_, respectively_RR ,_, in_II Fig._NN1 6_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 7_MC )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM offer_VVI a_AT1 sustained_JJ and_CC effective_JJ reduction_NN1 on_II the_AT MSI_NN1 ._. 
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Building_NN1 permits_VVZ data_NN were_VBDR collected_VVN for_IF the_AT period_NN1 of_IO 2years_FO before_CS the_AT disasters_NN2 for_IF the_AT affected_JJ counties_NN2 to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT impact_NN1 of_IO changes_NN2 in_II building_NN1 permit_VV0 issues_NN2 on_II the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO LCC_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT Annex_NN1 57_MC case_NN1 studies_NN2 present_VV0 a_AT1 range_NN1 of_IO different_JJ purposes_NN2 for_IF the_AT individual_JJ studies_NN2 ._. 
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As_CSA concluded_VVN ,_, the_AT maximum_NN1 through_II roof_NN1 heat_NN1 gain_NN1 flux_NN1 was_VBDZ 54%_NNU lower_JJR for_IF the_AT PCM_NP1 roof_NN1 than_CSN the_AT cool_JJ roof_NN1 at_II a_AT1 wide_JJ range_NN1 of_IO albedo_NN1 ,_, the_AT maximum_JJ sensible_JJ heat_NN1 flux_NN1 40%_NNU lower_JJR than_CSN the_AT cool_JJ roof_NN1 technology_NN1 for_IF varying_JJ albedo_NN1 ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, the_AT theoretical_JJ potential_NN1 exists_VVZ for_IF the_AT manufacture_NN1 of_IO MgO_NN1 from_II magnesium_NN1 silicates_VVZ in_II a_AT1 relatively_RR energy-efficient_JJ manner_NN1 compared_VVN to_II making_VVG Portland_NP1 clinkers_NN2 from_II standard_JJ raw_JJ materials_NN2 ,_, and_CC such_DA a_AT1 process_NN1 in_II principle_NN1 emits_VVZ no_AT raw-materials-derived_NN1 CO2_FO at_RR21 all_RR22 ,_, as_CSA the_AT basic_JJ raw_JJ materials_NN2 ,_, magnesium_NN1 silicates_NN2 ,_, contain_VV0 no_AT carbon_NN1 ._. 
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One_MC1 liter_NN1 of_IO demineralized_JJ water_NN1 filtered_VVN through_II 0.8m_NNU mixed_VVN cellulose_VV0 ester_JJR filters_NN2 was_VBDZ used_VVN as_II a_AT1 model_NN1 medium_NN1 for_IF this_DD1 ,_, and_CC triplicate_VV0 samples_NN2 were_VBDR processed_VVN and_CC analyzed_VVN as_CSA described_VVN for_IF raw_JJ wastewater_NN1 ._. 
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Effect_NN1 of_IO solvosonication_NN1 process_NN1 on_II crystallite_NN1 size_NN1 and_CC rutile_NN1 content_NN1 at_II different_JJ time_NNT1 durations_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT multipath_NN1 effect_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 significant_JJ impact_NN1 on_II GPS_NN2 monitoring_VVG ,_, mainly_RR in_II bridges_NN2 ,_, due_II21 to_II22 reflections_NN2 of_IO the_AT satellite_NN1 signals_NN2 from_II structural_JJ elements_NN2 (_( e.g._REX ,_, cables_NN2 ,_, tower_NN1 ,_, and_CC truss_NN1 )_) before_II reaching_VVG the_AT GPS_NN2 antenna_NN1 ,_, introducing_VVG noise_NN1 or_CC bias_NN1 into_II the_AT GPS_NN2 time_VV0 series_NN ._. 
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Another_DD1 analysis_NN1 conducted_VVN by_II Ramazani_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2016_MC )_) also_RR found_VVN that_CST boric_JJ acid_NN1 has_VHZ no_AT substantial_JJ influence_NN1 on_II the_AT overall_JJ absorption_NN1 rate_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO provide_VVI an_AT1 accurate_JJ but_CCB simple_JJ model_NN1 for_IF engineers_NN2 ,_, the_AT present_JJ model_NN1 did_VDD not_XX take_VVI the_AT dynamic_JJ thermoregulation_NN1 responses_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 change_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO skin_NN1 temperature_NN1 and_CC blood_NN1 circulation_NN1 etc._RA into_II account_NN1 ._. 
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Some_DD classical_JJ OSP_NN1 methods12-17_MC have_VH0 been_VBN successfully_RR applied_VVN in_II many_DA2 fields_NN2 and_CC verified_VVN by_II practical_JJ engineering_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ due_II21 to_II22 the_AT increased_JJ amine_NN1 vaporization_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II TFG_NP1 (_( Fig._NN1 10_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 11_MC )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 Figure_NN1 shows_VVZ that_CST the_AT predicted_JJ settlements_NN2 deviate_VV0 significantly_RR from_II the_AT field_NN1 measurements_NN2 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT predictions_NN2 for_IF the_AT pore_NN1 pressures_NN2 are_VBR quite_RG close_JJ to_II the_AT observations_NN2 ._. 
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Each_DD1 column_NN1 of_IO the_AT matrix_NN1 is_VBZ associated_VVN with_IW one_MC1 meteorological_JJ variable_NN1 and_CC contains_VVZ the_AT variable_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 historical_JJ values_NN2 for_IF one_MC1 year_NNT1 with_IW a_AT1 time-step_NN1 of_IO 15_MC min_NNU (_( 35,040_MC historical_JJ values_NN2 )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, PCE_VV0 surfactants_NN2 are_VBR added_VVN 20min_NNU after_II the_AT contact_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 and_CC water_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, in_II the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 ,_, for_IF the_AT sake_NN1 of_IO simplicity_NN1 ,_, both_DB2 drain_VV0 systems_NN2 were_VBDR assumed_VVN to_TO exhibit_VVI a_AT1 similar_JJ drainage_NN1 behavior_NN1 and_CC thus_RR were_VBDR modeled_VVN in_II a_AT1 uniform_JJ manner_NN1 ._. 
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Possibility_NN1 of_IO investigating_VVG wide_JJ portion_NN1 of_IO the_AT building_NN1 fabric_NN1 ,_, also_RR thanks_NN2 to_II the_AT possibility_NN1 of_IO integrating_VVG the_AT IR_NN1 cameras_NN2 on_II drones_NN2 ._. 
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B.1_FO and_CC B.2_FO ,_, for_IF SEGR_NN1 in_II parallel_NN1 and_CC SEGR_VV0 in_II series_NN respectively_RR ._. 
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When_CS the_AT HRT_NN1 in_II cathode_NN1 chamber_NN1 was_VBDZ extended_VVN from_II 15_MC to_II 60min_NNU ,_, COD_NN removal_NN1 loading_NN1 rate_NN1 increased_VVN from_II 19.5±2.1_FO to_II 27.5±1.4mgL1_FO h1_FO while_CS the_AT CE_NN1 decreased_VVN from_II 75%_NNU to_II 41%_NNU (_( Fig._NN1 3B_FO )_) ._. 
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Similar_JJ result_NN1 was_VBDZ obtained_VVN for_IF the_AT conditions_NN2 at_II Ta28RH65%C12000_FO ,_, but_CCB the_AT difference_NN1 was_VBDZ statistically_RR significant_JJ between_II the_AT CO2_FO levels_NN2 of_IO 12,000_MC and_CC 8000ppm_NNU when_CS RH_FO was_VBDZ 85%_NNU ._. 
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Among_II the_AT investigated_JJ oxidation_NN1 methods_NN2 ,_, ozonation_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN most_RGT intensively_RR investigated_VVN ._. 
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The_AT fold_NN1 angle_NN1 is_VBZ defined_VVN through_II the_AT adjoining_JJ triangular_JJ facets_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT halfpower_NN1 method_NN1 for_IF estimation_NN1 of_IO system_NN1 damping_NN1 proved_VVD to_TO be_VBI quite_RG accurate_JJ for_IF flexible_JJ structures_NN2 ,_, while_CS it_PPH1 overestimates_VVZ to_II some_DD degree_NN1 the_AT system_NN1 damping_VVG for_IF stiffer_JJR structures_NN2 ._. 
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Abusharar_VV0 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2009_MC )_) reported_VVD similar_JJ phenomena_NN2 ,_, that_CST the_AT upper_JJ soil_NN1 experienced_JJ heave_NN1 and_CC the_AT lower_JJR portion_NN1 settled_VVD around_RP multicolumn_VV0 composite_JJ foundations_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ clearly_RR that_CST the_AT layers_NN2 beneath_II those_DD2 being_VBG printed_VVN are_VBR compressed_VVN due_II21 to_II22 their_APPGE stiffness_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX high_RR enough_RR to_TO sustain_VVI the_AT weight_NN1 of_IO subsequent_JJ layers_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT MWCNTs_NP1 significantly_RR influenced_VVN the_AT adsorption_NN1 of_IO SDBS_NP1 by_II sediment_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT main_JJ reason_NN1 why_RRQ the_AT formulation_NN1 presented_VVD herein_RR shows_VVZ such_DA small_JJ errors_NN2 is_VBZ because_CS clamping_VVG forces_NN2 are_VBR estimated_VVN without_IW the_AT assumption_NN1 of_IO limit_NN1 equilibrium_NN1 ._. 
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One_PN1 should_VM be_VBI always_RR cautious_JJ to_TO interpret_VVI the_AT dynamic_JJ pore_NN1 structure_NN1 of_IO cement-based_JJ material_NN1 from_II water_NN1 vapor_NN1 sorption_NN1 isotherms_NN2 ._. 
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These_DD2 techniques_NN2 have_VH0 allowed_VVN the_AT measurements_NN2 of_IO parameters_NN2 at_II spatial_JJ resolutions_NN2 between_II submillimeter_NN1 and_CC millimeter_JJR scales_NN2 ,_, although_CS the_AT time_NNT1 required_VVN for_IF analysis_NN1 ranges_VVZ from_II several_DA2 hours_NNT2 to_II days_NNT2 (_( Ding_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC ,_, Santner_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 involves_VVZ not_XX only_RR the_AT deformation_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 solid_JJ under_II the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO fluid_NN1 pressure_NN1 but_CCB also_RR the_AT fracturing_NN1 of_IO the_AT solid_JJ ._. 
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At_II 10%_NNU CR_NP1 replacement_NN1 the_AT MOE_NN1 has_VHZ increased_VVN by_II 1.2%_FO and_CC decreased_VVN by_II 41.9%_FO and_CC 45.3%_FO for_IF 20%_NNU and_CC 30%_NNU CR_NP1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Specifically_RR ,_, in_II the_AT EIO-LCA_JJ model_NN1 ,_, the_AT sector-level_JJ interdependencies_NN2 are_VBR quantified_VVN by_II a_AT1 direct_JJ requirement_NN1 matrix_NN1 A_ZZ1 ,_, defining_VVG the_AT dollar_NNU1 value_NN1 of_IO outputs_NN2 required_VVN from_II the_AT direct_JJ supplier_NN1 sectors_NN2 to_TO produce_VVI the_AT final_JJ demand_NN1 y_ZZ1 of_IO goods_NN2 ._. 
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Two_MC additional_JJ pullout_NN1 specimens_NN2 were_VBDR tested_VVN under_II lower_JJR sustained_JJ loads_NN2 ,_, namely_REX 3_MC and_CC 4_MC kN_NNU ._. 
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The_AT procedure_NN1 included_VVD the_AT evaluation_NN1 of_IO reflected_JJ flux_NN1 by_II using_VVG a_AT1 foil_NN1 of_IO rough_JJ aluminum_NN1 ._. 
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CO2_FO captured_VVN is_VBZ compressed_VVN and_CC pumped_VVN to_II 110bar_FO in_II three_MC compression_NN1 stages_NN2 followed_VVN by_II pumping_VVG as_CSA described_VVN in_II EBTF_NP1 (_( 2011_MC )_) ._. 
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Furthermore_RR ,_, GPUs_NP2 have_VH0 the_AT advantage_NN1 of_IO being_VBG cost-effective_JJ ,_, high-volume_JJ products_NN2 ,_, whose_DDQGE continuous_JJ development_NN1 and_CC improvement_NN1 are_VBR driven_VVN by_II the_AT needs_NN2 of_IO the_AT fast-evolving_JJ video-gaming_JJ industry_NN1 and_CC ,_, as_II21 of_II22 late_JJ ,_, bitcoin_NN1 mining_NN1 and_CC artificial_JJ intelligence_NN1 applications_NN2 ._. 
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In_II a_AT1 system_NN1 with_IW strong_JJ seasonal_JJ patterns_NN2 like_II California_NP1 ,_, the_AT day_NNT1 of_IO the_AT year_NNT1 is_VBZ often_RR a_AT1 proxy_NN1 for_IF wet/dry_JJ conditions_NN2 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT applicability_NN1 of_IO curved_JJ pipe_NN1 jacking_VVG force_NN1 prediction_NN1 models_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 thorough_JJ literature_NN1 review_NN1 of_IO calculation_NN1 methods_NN2 has_VHZ been_VBN performed_VVN in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT FRCM-strengthened_JJ beams_NN2 endured_VVD more_DAR load_NN1 cycles_NN2 than_CSN those_DD2 endured_VVN by_II their_APPGE unstrengthened_JJ benchmarks_NN2 but_CCB could_VM not_XX restore_VVI the_AT original_JJ fatigue_NN1 life_NN1 of_IO the_AT virgin_JJ beam_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT internal_JJ modelbased_JJ repetitive_JJ control_NN1 paradigm_NN1 provides_VVZ an_AT1 efficient_JJ framework_NN1 for_IF rejecting_VVG periodic_JJ disturbances_NN2 in_II AVC_NP1 systems_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT reaction_NN1 was_VBDZ incomplete_JJ :_: portlandite_NN1 remained_VVD in_II significant_JJ amounts_NN2 after_II carbonation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT elasticity-based_JJ model_NN1 used_VVN by_II Kumar_NP1 et_NP1 al.26_FO fits_VVZ the_AT general_JJ tendency_NN1 of_IO permeability_NN1 variation_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, it_PPH1 underestimated_VVD peak_NN1 permeability_NN1 at_II the_AT highest_JJT gas_NN1 pressure_NN1 ,_, as_CSA denoted_VVN '_NULL '_NULL in_II Fig._NN1 7_MC ._. 
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The_AT adsorption_NN1 rate_NN1 is_VBZ around_RG 225mg/g_NNU between_II conventional_JJ PCE_NN1 with_IW PEO_NP1 side_NN1 chains_NN2 (_( 45PC2.5_FO in_II &lsqb;_( 37_MC &rsqb;_) )_) and_CC Na+_FO montmorillonite_NN1 clay_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO determine_VVI the_AT configuration_NN1 of_IO the_AT restrainers_NN2 ,_, two_MC scenarios_NN2 are_VBR considered_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ._. 
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These_DD2 amines_NN2 are_VBR divided_VVN into_II three_MC categories_NN2 :_: primary_JJ ,_, secondary_NN1 ,_, and_CC tertiary_JJ amines_NN2 depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT number_NN1 of_IO hydrogen_NN1 atoms_NN2 that_CST are_VBR attach_VV0 to_II the_AT nitrogen_NN1 atom_NN1 ._. 
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Anderson_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2015_MC )_) discuss_VV0 in_II detail_NN1 the_AT potential_JJ applications_NN2 of_IO such_DA tools_NN2 ,_, while_CS Singh_NP1 (_( 2014_MC )_) presents_VVZ a_AT1 review_NN1 on_II the_AT use_NN1 of_IO numerical_JJ groundwater_NN1 models_NN2 for_IF managing_VVG the_AT groundwater_NN1 resource_NN1 ._. 
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Distribution_NN1 of_IO synthetic_JJ measurement_NN1 points_NN2 (_( X=1._FO =1D_FO )_) ._. 
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The_AT above_JJ results_NN2 are_VBR consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT theoretical_JJ analyses_NN2 detailed_VVN in_II Sections_NN2 3_MC and_CC 4_MC ._. 
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The_AT CNF_NP1 used_VVD in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 is_VBZ provided_VVN by_II Pyrograf_NP1 Products_NN2 ,_, with_IW a_AT1 type_NN1 number_NN1 PR-24-XT-PS_NP1 ._. 
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A_AT1 major_JJ concern_NN1 in_II retrofitting_VVG structures_NN2 with_IW FRP_NP1 composites_NN2 is_VBZ the_AT debonding_NN1 of_IO FRP_NP1 sheets_NN2 off_II the_AT concrete_JJ substrate_NN1 ._. 
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Comparison_NN1 of_IO bending_VVG moment_NN1 time_NNT1 histories_NN2 on_II the_AT element_NN1 262_MC (_( frame_NN1 X_ZZ1 )_) and_CC 218_MC (_( frame_NN1 Y_ZZ1 )_) for_IF the_AT three_MC design_NN1 solutions_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 3_MC shows_VVZ the_AT forecasting_VVG structure_NN1 of_IO the_AT datasets_NN2 of_IO each_DD1 unit_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT vibration_NN1 characteristics_NN2 of_IO submerged_JJ structure_NN1 are_VBR affected_VVN by_II the_AT virtual_JJ mass_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW the_AT inertia_NN1 force_NN1 of_IO the_AT fluid_NN1 as_CSA it_PPH1 also_RR vibrates_VVZ along_II21 with_II22 the_AT structure_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT best_JJT fitting_NN1 between_II the_AT predictions_NN2 and_CC the_AT observations_NN2 is_VBZ the_AT only_JJ concern_NN1 in_II said_JJ determination_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 comprehensive_JJ parametric_JJ study_NN1 on_II two_MC major_JJ parameters_NN2 ,_, namely_REX ,_, inertance_NN1 and_CC damping_VVG coefficients_NN2 ,_, are_VBR conducted_VVN using_VVG analytical_JJ and_CC numerical_JJ approaches_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 7_MC shows_VVZ the_AT schematic_JJ section_NN1 of_IO the_AT tested_JJ CLT_NP1 panel_NN1 and_CC the_AT details_NN2 of_IO the_AT screwed_JJ connection_NN1 ._. 
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In_II electrochemical_JJ activation_NN1 of_IO persulfates_NN2 at_II BDD_NP1 anode_NN1 process_NN1 ,_, only_RR HO_NP1 was_VBDZ generated_VVN from_II electrochemical_JJ activation_NN1 of_IO persulfates_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 12a_FO indicates_VVZ that_CST the_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT predicted_JJ settlements_NN2 over_II 350-974_MCMC days_NNT2 using_VVG the_AT multi-type_JJ monitoring_NN1 data_NN is_VBZ worse_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 for_IF the_AT case_NN1 where_CS only_RR monitored_VVN settlements_NN2 are_VBR used_VVN (_( Fig._NN1 8_MC )_) ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 the_AT identified_JJ parameters_NN2 shown_VVN in_II Table_NN1 4_MC ,_, the_AT uncertainty_NN1 regarding_II predictions_NN2 of_IO vertical_JJ strain_NN1 can_VM be_VBI evaluated_VVN ._. 
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In_II contrast_NN1 ,_, the_AT probabilistic_JJ approach_NN1 focuses_VVZ on_II calculating_VVG the_AT probability_NN1 distribution_NN1 of_IO uncertain_JJ parameters_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT usage_NN1 of_IO PV_NN1 system_NN1 will_VM permit_VVI to_TO confine_VVI the_AT conditioned_JJ air_NN1 just_RR around_II each_DD1 occupant_NN1 separately_RR thus_RR allowing_VVG for_IF considerable_JJ energy_NN1 saving_NN1 ._. 
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All_DB experimental_JJ parameters_NN2 of_IO these_DD2 cells_NN2 are_VBR listed_VVN in_II Table_NN1 3_MC ._. 
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The_AT landslide_NN1 impacts_NN2 produced_VVD a_AT1 seismic_JJ shaking_NN1 intensity_NN1 of_IO ML=2.3_FO (_( Fan_VV0 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017b_FO )_) ._. 
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Fig._NN1 13_MC shows_VVZ a_AT1 comparison_NN1 of_IO the_AT simulation_NN1 results_NN2 ._. 
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At_II the_AT same_DA time_NNT1 ,_, the_AT energy_NN1 used_VVN for_IF ceiling_NN1 fans_NN2 represented_VVD no_AT more_DAR than_CSN 1%_NNU of_IO the_AT total_JJ energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 ._. 
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Under_II this_DD1 scenario_NN1 ,_, blast-created_JJ tensile_JJ failure_NN1 will_VM persist_VVI into_II the_AT vicinity_NN1 of_IO the_AT tunnel_NN1 profile_NN1 in_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 a_AT1 wider_JJR range_NN1 of_IO compression-shear_VV0 damage_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT performance_NN1 of_IO the_AT prepared_JJ formulations_NN2 was_VBDZ analyzed_VVN at_II different_JJ durations_NN2 by_II compressive_JJ strength_NN1 testing_NN1 and_CC water_NN1 absorption_NN1 measurements_NN2 ._. 
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Data_NN on_II establishment_NN1 count_NN1 ,_, construction_NN1 contributions_NN2 ,_, average_JJ weekly_JJ wages_NN2 ,_, and_CC employment_NN1 level_NN1 were_VBDR collected_VVN from_II the_AT BLS_NP1 and_CC data_NN on_II building_NN1 permits_NN2 were_VBDR collected_VVN from_II the_AT US_NP1 Census_NN1 Bureau_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, a_AT1 conventional_JJ land_NN1 use_NN1 regression_NN1 (_( LUR_NP1 )_) model_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN used_VVN to_TO predict_VVI the_AT NO2_FO concentration_NN1 ,_, and_CC compare_VVI the_AT prediction_NN1 ability_NN1 of_IO the_AT ANFIS_NN1 and_CC multiple_JJ regression_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ mostly_RR used_VVN in_II conventional_JJ LUR_NP1 models_NN2 ._. 
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Let_VV0 us_PPIO2 now_RT consider_VVI the_AT single_JJ edge-notched_JJ beams_NN2 under_II proportional_JJ loading_NN1 reported_VVN by_II Arrea_NP1 and_CC Ingraffea_NP1 (_( 1982_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT following_JJ section_NN1 provides_VVZ some_DD examples_NN2 on_II how_RRQ this_DD1 may_VM be_VBI done_VDN ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST generally_RR SSI_NP1 increases_VVZ the_AT inelastic_JJ displacement_NN1 ratios_NN2 with_IW exception_NN1 of_IO very_RG short_JJ period_NN1 structures_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT chosen_JJ kinematics_NN1 is_VBZ no_RR21 longer_RR22 able_JK to_TO properly_RR describe_VVI ,_, in_II a_AT1 continuous_JJ way_NN1 ,_, the_AT actual_JJ kinematics_NN1 of_IO the_AT central_JJ region_NN1 of_IO the_AT pantograph_NN1 ._. 
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Under_II these_DD2 assumptions_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ clear_JJ that_CST the_AT first_MD 2_MC modes_NN2 ,_, (_( 1_MC1 )_) and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) ,_, should_VM be_VBI taken_VVN into_II account_NN1 by_II the_AT interface_NN1 springs_NN2 ,_, mode_NN1 (_( 3_MC )_) should_VM be_VBI described_VVN by_II brick_NN1 springs_NN2 ,_, and_CC (_( 4_MC )_) is_VBZ combined_JJ mechanisms_NN2 involving_VVG both_RR interface_VV0 and_CC brick_NN1 springs_NN2 ._. 
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Intermediate_JJ crack_NN1 (_( IC_NP1 )_) debonding_VVG is_VBZ one_MC1 of_IO the_AT most_RGT dominant_JJ failure_NN1 modes_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW reinforced_JJ concrete_JJ beams_NN2 strengthened_VVN with_IW fiber-reinforced_JJ polymer_NN1 (_( FRP_NP1 )_) plates_NN2 ._. 
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Following_VVG the_AT design_NN1 philosophy_NN1 in_II Eurocode_NP1 8_MC ,_, FRP_NP1 flexural_JJ strengthening_NN1 of_IO columns_NN2 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 confinement_NN1 and_CC shear_VV0 strengthening_NN1 ,_, were_VBDR applied_VVN to_TO attain_VVI a_AT1 strong-column/weak-beam_JJ mechanism_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 visualization_NN1 might_VM help_VVI in_II building_VVG the_AT end_NN1 user_NN1 understanding_NN1 of_IO skill_NN1 scores_NN2 ,_, given_CS21 that_CS22 they_PPHS2 are_VBR presented_VVN along_II21 with_II22 the_AT actual_JJ past_JJ forecasts_NN2 and_CC occurrences_NN2 of_IO the_AT event_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT e-factor_JJ quantity_NN1 ,_, ranging_VVG from_II 0_MC to_II 100%_NNU ,_, is_VBZ used_VVN to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT sampling_NN1 efficiency_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT p-factor_NN1 and_CC r-factor_NN1 quantify_VV0 the_AT goodness_NN1 of_IO prediction_NN1 uncertainty_NN1 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, closeness_NN1 of_IO the_AT p-factor_NN1 to_II 100%_NNU (_( i.e._REX ,_, all_DB observations_NN2 bracketed_VVD by_II the_AT prediction_NN1 uncertainty_NN1 )_) and_CC r-factor_NN1 to_II 0_MC (_( i.e._REX ,_, achievement_NN1 of_IO rather_RG small_JJ uncertainty_NN1 band_NN1 )_) ._. 
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The_AT fracture_NN1 mechanism_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW SCA_NN1 in_II single_JJ and_CC multiple_JJ holes_NN2 was_VBDZ explored_VVN to_TO improve_VVI the_AT extraction_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_IO CBM_NP1 by_II investigating_VVG the_AT optimum_JJ layout_NN1 of_IO the_AT boreholes_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 paper_NN1 is_VBZ presented_VVN and_CC recommended_VVN by_II 5th_MD International_JJ Conference_NN1 on_II Nuclear_JJ and_CC Renewable_JJ Energy_NN1 Resources_NN2 ._. 
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Other_JJ chemicals_NN2 of_IO analytical_JJ grade_NN1 were_VBDR purchased_VVN from_II Sinopharm_NP1 Chemical_NN1 Reagent_NP1 Co.Ltd._NP1 ,_, China_NP1 ._. 
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In_II the_AT BIS+nontraditional_FO TMD_NP1 ,_, whose_DDQGE relevant_JJ design_NN1 graphs_NN2 are_VBR depicted_VVN in_II Figure10_FO ,_, the_AT optimal_JJ frequency_NN1 ratio_NN1 t_ZZ1 for_IF fixed_JJ damping_NN1 and_CC mass_JJ ratios_NN2 t_ZZ1 ,_, t_ZZ1 ,_, respectively_RR ,_, is_VBZ identified_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Module_NN1 1_MC1 aims_VVZ to_TO compare_VVI the_AT prediction_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO different_JJ learning_NN1 algorithms_NN2 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, RT_NP1 ,_, SVR_NP1 ,_, and_CC RF_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ why_RRQ only_JJ approach_NN1 D_ZZ1 in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, "_" MOMS_NN2 ,_, "_" has_VHZ a_AT1 significant_JJ theoretical_JJ potential_NN1 to_TO produce_VVI truly_RR carbon-negative_JJ concretes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II fact_NN1 ,_, with_IW an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II temperature_NN1 ,_, the_AT DC_NP1 value_NN1 will_VM reduce_VVI owing_II21 to_II22 the_AT fact_NN1 that_CST the_AT higher_JJR temperature_NN1 will_VM help_VVI the_AT evaporation_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 from_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO the_AT concrete_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT pit_NN1 depth_NN1 is_VBZ 6m_NNU ,_, the_AT axial_JJ strain_NN1 of_IO the_AT pipeline_NN1 is_VBZ about_RG zero_MC ._. 
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<s>
Compared_VVN to_II the_AT conventional_JJ A/C_ZZ1 system_NN1 ,_, the_AT proposed_JJ A/C_ZZ1 system_NN1 achieved_VVN an_AT1 on-peak_NN1 and_CC per_II day_NNT1 average_JJ energy_NN1 savings_NN2 potential_NN1 of_IO 36%58%_FO and_CC 24%51%_FO ,_, respectively_RR ,_, for_IF year_NNT1 round_II operation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Rock_NN1 burst_VVD forecasting_VVG is_VBZ a_AT1 two-class_JJ prediction_NN1 problem_NN1 (_( Li_NP1 and_CC Jimenez_NP1 ,_, 2018_MC )_) ,_, so_CS21 that_CS22 there_EX are_VBR four_MC possible_JJ situations_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ can_VM be_VBI conveniently_RR recorded_VVN as_II the_AT confusion_NN1 matrix_NN1 (_( see_VV0 Table_NN1 2_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Within_II austenitic_JJ grains_NN2 ,_, the_AT stress-free_JJ shear_VV0 strains_NN2 can_VM be_VBI accommodated_VVN by_II a_AT1 favorable_JJ arrangement_NN1 of_IO both_DB2 variants_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II various_JJ applications_NN2 involving_VVG radiation_NN1 shielding_VVG by_II concrete_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ important_JJ to_TO verify_VVI the_AT homogeneity_NN1 of_IO the_AT concrete_JJ to_TO ensure_VVI adequate_JJ shielding_JJ performance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Differences_NN2 in_II u_ZZ1 ,_, k_ZZ1 ,_, τ_NULL ij_JJ and_CC ij_NN1 ,_, between_II considered_JJ models_NN2 and_CC measured_VVD ADV_NP1 profiles_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT resistance_NN1 of_IO mucky_JJ clay_NN1 is_VBZ smallest_JJT in_II range_NN1 of_IO 0.22–1.28kPa_NNU ._. 
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<s>
First_MD ,_, a_AT1 sufficient_JJ but_CCB unnecessary_JJ condition_NN1 is_VBZ given_VVN for_IF low_JJ sensitivity_NN1 to_TO be_VBI large_JJ uncertainty_NN1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 section_NN1 ,_, an_AT1 illustrative_JJ case_NN1 study_NN1 will_VM be_VBI presented_VVN to_TO demonstrate_VVI the_AT reinforcement_NN1 mechanics_NN2 of_IO the_AT energy-absorbing_JJ rock_NN1 bolt_NN1 in_II tunneling_VVG ._. 
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<s>
Three_MC papers_NN2 present_JJ cable_NN1 damage_NN1 detection_NN1 methods_NN2 and_CC evaluation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 is_VBZ not_XX in_II agreement_NN1 with_IW the_AT literature_NN1 ,_, where_CS it_PPH1 was_VBDZ reported_VVN that_CST a_AT1 lower_JJR Mg/Al_FU ratio_NN1 results_NN2 in_II an_AT1 increased_JJ uptake_NN1 of_IO chloride_NN1 ions_NN2 in_II the_AT interlayer_NN1 of_IO hydrotalcite_NN1 &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 method_NN1 is_VBZ adopted_VVN to_TO analyze_VVI the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO environmental_JJ factors_NN2 on_II window-opening_JJ behavior_NN1 in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, L/G_NP1 ratio_NN1 was_VBDZ kept_VVN constant_JJ to_II a_AT1 value_NN1 of_IO around_II 1.04kg/Sm3_FU by_II a_AT1 ramp_NN1 up_RP of_IO rich_JJ solvent_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 ;_; refer_VV0 to_II Fig._NN1 9b_FO ._. 
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Linear_JJ sweep_NN1 voltammetries_NN2 (_( LSV_NP1 )_) at_II different_JJ RDE_NN1 rotation_NN1 speeds_NN2 (_( rpm_NNU )_) were_VBDR recorded_VVN at_II 5_MC mV_NNU s1_FO from_II 1.2_MC to_II 0.0_MC V_NNU vs_II RHE_NP1 in_II the_AT O2-saturated_JJ electrolyte_NN1 ._. 
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Monitoring_VVG results_NN2 of_IO MEWMA_NP1 chart_NN1 under_II normal_JJ operating_NN1 conditions_NN2 ._. 
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Calcareous_JJ sand_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 biogenic_JJ material_NN1 that_CST shares_VVZ many_DA2 physico-chemical_JJ characteristics_NN2 with_IW calcium-based_JJ bio-cementation_NN1 ;_; accordingly_RR ,_, the_AT potential_NN1 for_IF natural_JJ efficiencies_NN2 between_II the_AT carbonate_NN1 crystal-particle_NN1 interface_NN1 strength_NN1 may_VM be_VBI significant_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Temperature_NN1 ranging_VVG from_II 4_MC to_II 35_MC °C_NNU has_VHZ been_VBN tested_VVN and_CC their_APPGE effect_NN1 on_II the_AT composition_NN1 and_CC growth_NN1 of_IO algae_NN2 has_VHZ been_VBN studied_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Goldwater_NP1 (_( 1990_MC )_) observed_VVD an_AT1 increase_NN1 in_II undrained_JJ shear_VV0 strength_NN1 with_IW depth_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 11_MC )_) for_IF the_AT upper_JJ 2m_NNU of_IO a_AT1 loess_NN1 profile_NN1 at_II Allendale_NP1 ,_, Banks_NP1 Peninsula_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 1_MC1 )_) ._. 
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The_AT rotatory_JJ degrees_NN2 of_IO freedom_NN1 of_IO friction_NN1 plates_NN2 in_II FEM-1_MC1 were_VBDR restrained_VVN ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, the_AT actual_JJ grains_NN2 are_VBR not_XX perfectly_RR spherical_JJ which_DDQ may_VM result_VVI in_II more_DAR contacts_NN2 with_IW the_AT nearby_JJ grains_NN2 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT accurate_JJ evaluation_NN1 of_IO the_AT fire_NN1 response_NN1 of_IO NSC_NP1 and_CC HSC_NP1 columns_NN2 with_IW different_JJ fiber_NN1 combinations_NN2 in_II concrete_NN1 ,_, temperature-dependent_JJ thermal_JJ and_CC mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO fiber-reinforced_JJ concrete_NN1 (_( with_IW steel_NN1 or_CC polypropylene_NN1 or_CC hybrid_JJ fibers_NN2 )_) as_RR21 well_RR22 are_VBR to_TO be_VBI incorporated_VVN in_II the_AT numerical_JJ model_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 slope_NN1 stability_NN1 analysis_NN1 ignoring_VVG the_AT spatial_JJ variability_NN1 of_IO shear_VV0 strength_NN1 parameters_NN2 can_VM only_RR produce_VVI an_AT1 overall_JJ failure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Nevertheless_RR ,_, with_IW the_AT increase_NN1 of_IO polymerization_NN1 degree_NN1 of_IO ProS_NN2 ,_, the_AT protein_NN1 associated_JJ bonds_NN2 (_( such_II21 as_II22 CONH_NP1 ,_, CO_NP1 ,_, NC_NP1 ,_, NH_NP1 )_) increased_VVD ,_, while_CS the_AT polysaccharide_NN1 associated_JJ bonds_NN2 (_( such_II21 as_II22 COC_NP1 ,_, COH_NP1 ,_, OCOH_NP1 )_) decreased_VVD ._. 
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As_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 3_MC ,_, the_AT stress-strain_JJ curve_NN1 given_VVN by_II the_AT PFC2D_FO simulation_NN1 matches_VVZ the_AT lab_NN1 data_NN for_IF compressive_JJ stresses_VVZ less_DAR than_CSN 25MPa_FO ._. 
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Specific_JJ cases_NN2 can_VM be_VBI modelled_VVN using_VVG this_DD1 method_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT continuous_JJ exploration_NN1 of_IO new_JJ gas_NN1 reserves_NN2 along_II21 with_II22 the_AT increase_NN1 in_II the_AT global_JJ power_NN1 demand_NN1 necessitates_VVZ the_AT development_NN1 of_IO less_RGR demanding_JJ technologies_NN2 ,_, such_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT treatment_NN1 process_NN1 can_VM be_VBI accomplished_VVN at_II a_AT1 minimized_JJ cost_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Simplifications_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN adopted_VVN in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO find_VVI analytical_JJ solutions_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 :_: planarity_NN1 ,_, infinite_JJ stiffness_NN1 ,_, limit_VV0 equilibrium_NN1 and_CC persistency_NN1 ,_, among_II others_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Several_DA2 problems_NN2 that_CST have_VH0 closed-form_JJ solutions_NN2 and_CC a_AT1 3D_NNU fracturing_NN1 problem_NN1 are_VBR given_VVN to_TO verify_VVI the_AT model_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 used_VVD a_AT1 fiber-scale_JJ numerical_JJ model_NN1 and_CC reconstruction_NN1 algorithm_NN1 to_TO address_VVI this_DD1 question_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT results_NN2 indicate_VV0 that_CST the_AT electrical_JJ resistivity_NN1 of_IO concrete_NN1 remains_VVZ low_JJ and_CC relatively_RR constant_JJ in_II the_AT range_NN1 of_IO 100–70%_FO pore_NN1 saturation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 section_NN1 presents_VVZ a_AT1 summary_NN1 of_IO the_AT main_JJ interior_JJ damage_NN1 estimation_NN1 developments_NN2 within_II vulnerability_NN1 methodologies_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO reduce_VVI concentration_NN1 polarization_NN1 and_CC prevent_VVI cake_NN1 layer_NN1 formation_NN1 ,_, mixing_NN1 was_VBDZ provided_VVN by_II a_AT1 stirrer_NN1 running_VVG at_II 250rpm_NNU ._. 
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It_PPH1 ,_, therefore_RR ,_, seems_VVZ that_CST efficient_JJ retrofitting_JJ techniques_NN2 need_VV0 to_TO be_VBI developed_VVN for_IF proper_JJ confinement_NN1 of_IO corner_NN1 joints_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
DSC_NN1 analysis_NN1 shows_VVZ that_CST the_AT supercooling_JJ degree_NN1 between_II FA_NP1 and_CC FA/WF_NP1 composite_JJ form-stable_JJ PCMs_NP1 almost_RR same_DA and_CC still_RR low_JJ ._. 
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<s>
To_TO improve_VVI the_AT algorithm_NN1 efficiency_NN1 and_CC reduce_VVI redundancy_NN1 information_NN1 simultaneously_RR ,_, a_AT1 hybrid_JJ optimization_NN1 algorithm_NN1 (_( HOA_NP1 )_) including_II OSP_NP1 and_CC grids_NN2 updating_VVG is_VBZ proposed_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT combined_JJ fitness_NN1 functions_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 solvent_NN1 with_IW fast_JJ reaction_NN1 kinetics_NN1 will_VM reduce_VVI the_AT size_NN1 and_CC operating_NN1 cost_NN1 of_IO the_AT absorber_NN1 ,_, and_CC a_AT1 solvent_NN1 with_IW high_JJ cyclic_JJ capacity_NN1 will_VM reduce_VVI the_AT sensible_JJ heat_NN1 loss_NN1 and_CC the_AT size_NN1 of_IO the_AT cross_NN1 heat_NN1 exchanger_NN1 ._. 
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Other_JJ detailed_JJ formulation_NN1 of_IO this_DD1 finite_JJ difference_NN1 approach_NN1 was_VBDZ described_VVN in_II Ref_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Centrifuge_VV0 experiments_NN2 were_VBDR performed_VVN to_TO evaluate_VVI the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO ground_NN1 densification_NN1 on_II building_NN1 response_NN1 when_CS founded_VVN on_II liquefiable_JJ soils_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT pore_NN1 structure_NN1 is_VBZ filled_VVN by_II the_AT FAM_NN1 particles_NN2 with_IW small_JJ size_NN1 to_TO form_VVI a_AT1 more_RGR compact_JJ pore_NN1 structure_NN1 ._. 
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GWP_NP1 reduction_NN1 percentage_NN1 calculated_VVN by_II the_AT authors_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT GA_NP1 optimization_NN1 routine_NN1 ,_, the_AT population_NN1 size_NN1 was_VBDZ set_VVN to_TO be_VBI at_RR21 least_RR22 2030_MC times_NNT2 the_AT number_NN1 of_IO design_NN1 variables_NN2 ,_, while_CS the_AT number_NN1 of_IO generations_NN2 was_VBDZ 50100_MC depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT population_NN1 size_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 response_NN1 weakens_VVZ slightly_RR the_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT assumption_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 rigid_JJ frame_NN1 rocking_VVG rotation_NN1 ,_, on_II which_DDQ the_AT development_NN1 of_IO the_AT new_JJ racking_NN1 ratios_NN2 ,_, R_ZZ1 ,_, is_VBZ actually_RR relied_VVN (_( see_VV0 Section_NN1 7_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT critical_JJ buckling_JJ load_NN1 of_IO VAT_NN1 panels_NN2 can_VM be_VBI improved_VVN significantly_RR when_CS CTS_NN2 plies_NN2 are_VBR used_VVN and_CC optimized_JJ (_( Liu_NP1 ,_, Butler_NP1 ,_, 2013_MC ,_, Groh_NP1 ,_, Weaver_NP1 ,_, 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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Most_DAT of_IO the_AT PBSD_NP1 approaches_NN2 are_VBR based_VVN on_II the_AT direct_JJ displacement-based_JJ design_NN1 (_( DDBD_NP1 )_) approach_NN1 developed_VVN by_II Priestley_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2007_MC )_) ,_, i.e._REX ,_, the_AT aim_NN1 of_IO seismic_JJ design_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO limit_VVI the_AT deformations_NN2 of_IO a_AT1 structure_NN1 to_II acceptable_JJ levels_NN2 under_II design_NN1 earthquakes_NN2 (_( Billah_NP1 and_CC Alam_VV0 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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Spatially_RR explicit_JJ biophysical_JJ and_CC anthropogenic_JJ factors_NN2 correlated_VVN with_IW tropical_JJ deforestation_NN1 are_VBR well_RR discussed_VVN in_II the_AT literature_NN1 (_( e.g._REX ,_, Geist_JJ and_CC Lambin_NP1 ,_, 2002_MC ,_, Müller_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2012_MC ,_, Pfaff_NP1 ,_, 1999_MC )_) and_CC are_VBR often_RR key_JJ components_NN2 of_IO land-use/cover_NN1 change_NN1 (_( LUCC_NP1 )_) simulation_NN1 models_NN2 (_( Eastman_NP1 ,_, 2015_MC ,_, Soares-Filho_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2002_MC )_) ._. 
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First_MD ,_, period_NN1 of_IO soil-structure_JJ system_NN1 is_VBZ greater_JJR than_CSN the_AT fixed_JJ one_PN1 and_CC second_NNT1 ,_, considering_CS SSI_NP1 increases_VVZ the_AT effective_JJ damping_NN1 ratio_NN1 of_IO soil-structure_JJ system_NN1 because_II21 of_II22 radiation_NN1 and_CC material_NN1 damping_NN1 of_IO soil_NN1 beneath_II the_AT structure_NN1 &lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 case_NN1 study_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 employ_VV0 the_AT UD_NN1 method_NN1 in_II the_AT filter_NN1 step_NN1 presented_VVN in_II Equation3_FO ._. 
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Each_DD1 type_NN1 of_IO module_NN1 is_VBZ subjected_VVN to_II two_MC different_JJ mechanical_JJ modes_NN2 of_IO deformation_NN1 ,_, bending_VVG and_CC torsion_NN1 ,_, of_IO several_DA2 thousand_NNO cycles_NN2 per_II module_NN1 using_VVG a_AT1 purpose-built_JJ robotic_JJ device_NN1 ._. 
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After_CS the_AT force_NN1 phase_NN1 ,_, the_AT axial_JJ force_NN1 returns_VVZ back_RP and_CC vibrates_VVZ around_RP its_APPGE initial_JJ level_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Bolt_NN1 pretension_NN1 to_TO achieve_VVI composite_JJ action_NN1 was_VBDZ deemed_VVN necessary_JJ as_II the_AT global_JJ stability_NN1 index_NN1 δ/δ0_NN1 exceeds_VVZ the_AT code_NN1 recommended_VVD limit_NN1 when_CS restrainer_NN1 is_VBZ assumed_VVN noncomposite_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT authors_NN2 would_VM like_VVI to_TO thank_VVI the_AT Ministry_NN1 of_IO Education_NN1 (_( MOE_NP1 )_) of_IO Malaysia_NP1 for_IF granting_VVG the_AT project_NN1 under_II code_NN1 PRGS/1/13/TK03/UTP/02/02_FU ._. 
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The_AT promotion_NN1 of_IO the_AT hydration_NN1 reaction_NN1 by_II the_AT SAP-based_JJ IC_NN1 is_VBZ effective_JJ during_II the_AT deceleration_NN1 period_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 hydration_NN1 &lsqb;_( 83_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Future_JJ analyses_NN2 could_VM be_VBI performed_VVN examining_VVG even_RR more_DAR than_CSN ten_MC configurations_NN2 for_IF each_DD1 VBP_NP1 considered_VVD ,_, in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO achieve_VVI better_RRR statistically_RR based_VVN results_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT Earthquake_NN1 Commission_NN1 (_( EQC_NP1 )_) ,_, owned_VVN by_II the_AT Crown_NN1 ,_, provides_VVZ natural_JJ disaster_NN1 insurance_NN1 for_IF residential_JJ property_NN1 ,_, assesses_VVZ the_AT damages_NN2 to_II residential_JJ buildings_NN2 and_CC land_NN1 ,_, and_CC manages_VVZ the_AT insurance_NN1 claims_NN2 of_IO the_AT affected_JJ people_NN in_II greater_JJR Christchurch_NP1 (_( Johnson_NP1 and_CC Mamula-Seadon_NP1 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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However_RR ,_, the_AT previous_JJ models_NN2 ,_, in_II31 spite_II32 of_II33 their_APPGE simpler_JJR form_NN1 ,_, have_VH0 significant_JJ errors_NN2 for_IF the_AT tested_JJ siliceous-carbonate_JJ sand_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 was_VBDZ concluded_VVN that_CST the_AT collapse_NN1 of_IO underground_JJ structures_NN2 originated_VVN from_II the_AT poor_JJ ductility_NN1 of_IO columns_NN2 at_II high_JJ normalized_JJ force_NN1 state_NN1 ._. 
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Almeida_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2015_MC )_) studied_VVD the_AT effectiveness_NN1 of_IO carbon_NN1 FRCM_NP1 to_TO strengthen_VVI shear_VV0 critical_JJ masonry_NN1 panels_NN2 and_CC reported_VVD a_AT1 shear_VV0 strength_NN1 increment_NN1 of_IO 230%_NNU ,_, with_IW the_AT resulting_JJ failure_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 delamination_NN1 of_IO the_AT FRCM_NP1 layer_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT developed_JJ SF/_NN1 (_( CA-PA_NNU )_) composite_JJ successfully_RR prevented_VVD the_AT leaking_NN1 of_IO the_AT PCM_NP1 at_II the_AT operating_NN1 temperature_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT observation_NN1 that_CST FRLWC_NP1 helps_VVZ the_AT stress_NN1 to_TO attenuate_VVI with_IW depth_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT drilling_NN1 for_IF JK-A_NN1 cavern_NN1 began_VVD in_II October_NPM1 and_CC was_VBDZ completed_VVN in_II November_NPM1 2003_MC ,_, about_II 58days_FO ._. 
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They_PPHS2 are_VBR combined_VVN with_IW SN/DTSS_NN1 transmission_NN1 stations_NN2 to_TO acquire_VVI and_CC transmit_VVI MS_NN1 signals_NN2 via_II electric_JJ transmission_NN1 lines_NN2 to_II the_AT surface_NN1 SP/DTSS_NN1 receiving_VVG system_NN1 and_CC the_AT ARAMIS.REJ_NP1 recording_NN1 system_NN1 (_( see_VV0 Fig._NN1 8_MC )_) ._. 
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The_AT thickness_NN1 of_IO underground_JJ continuous_JJ wall_NN1 is_VBZ 0.85m_NNU ,_, the_AT total_JJ length_NN1 is_VBZ 18m_NNU ,_, and_CC depth_NN1 under_II the_AT pit_NN1 is_VBZ 10m_NNU ._. 
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Non-active_JJ BDD_NP1 thin-film_JJ electrodes_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN established_VVN as_II the_AT best_JJT anodes_NN2 for_IF the_AT production_NN1 of_IO physisorbed_JJ M(OH)_NN1 from_II reaction_NN1 (_( 2_MC )_) (_( Caizares_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2005_MC ,_, Flox_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2006_MC ,_, zcan_NN1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2008_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT lateral_JJ load_NN1 resisting_VVG system_NN1 consists_VVZ of_IO special_JJ SWs_NP1 with_IW the_AT length_NN1 of_IO 32_MC ft_NNU (_( 9.75_MC m_NNU )_) at_II the_AT building_NN1 perimeter_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT open_JJ loop_NN1 tests_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN for_IF 48h_FO of_IO testing_VVG from_II July_NPM1 21_MC to_II July_NPM1 23_MC ._. 
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A_AT1 0.4-m_JJ thick_JJ weathered_JJ rock_NN1 layer_NN1 laid_VVN on_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO rock_NN1 slope_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT soil_NN1 deposit_NN1 was_VBDZ covering_VVG on_II the_AT weathered_JJ rock_NN1 layer_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT ultimate_JJ load_NN1 factor_NN1 in_II FDEM_NP1 analysis_NN1 differs_VVZ depending_II21 on_II22 the_AT mesh_NN1 refinement_NN1 ,_, because_CS the_AT mass_NN1 in_II the_AT presented_JJ numerical_JJ model_NN1 is_VBZ concentrated_VVN in_II the_AT nodes_NN2 of_IO the_AT finite_JJ elements_NN2 ,_, and_CC the_AT increase_NN1 in_II the_AT number_NN1 of_IO nodes_NN2 increases_VVZ the_AT approximation_NN1 of_IO the_AT momentum_NN1 of_IO inertia_NN1 of_IO blocks_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 and_CC b_ZZ1 are_VBR approximated_VVN as_CSA 0.246_MC and_CC 0.08415_MC &lsqb;_( 53_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
</s>
<s>
Fig._NN1 15_MC shows_VVZ the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO COV&lsqb;_NP1 ,_, ,_, e0_FO &rsqb;_) on_II the_AT settlement_NN1 prediction_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT posterior_JJ mean_JJ parameters_NN2 using_VVG monitored_JJ settlements_NN2 from_II 0_MC to_II 496_MC days_NNT2 ._. 
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<s>
Not_XX until_II then_RT did_VDD the_AT tribal_JJ community_NN1 review_VV0 the_AT reports_NN2 published_VVN in_II 2007_MC and_CC 2013_MC ._. 
</s>
<s>
Fig._NN1 7(a)_FO represents_VVZ an_AT1 unreinforced_JJ specimen_NN1 (_( S0_FO )_) ,_, where_CS it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI clearly_RR noticed_VVN that_CST the_AT cracks_NN2 begins_VVZ at_II the_AT notch_NN1 edges_NN2 of_IO the_AT flange_NN1 ,_, develops_VVZ until_CS the_AT tension_NN1 failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT remained_VVN plastic_NN1 zone_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
According_II21 to_II22 Eq_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 13_MC )_) ,_, the_AT allowed_JJ undersampling_JJ frequencies_NN2 are_VBR calculated_VVN and_CC listed_VVN in_II Table_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO overcome_VVI this_DD1 drawback_NN1 ,_, the_AT adopted_JJ method_NN1 allows_VVZ also_RR identification_NN1 of_IO the_AT type_NN1 of_IO fault_NN1 by_II using_VVG univariate_NN1 EWMA_NN1 based_VVN on_II current_JJ and_CC voltage_NN1 indicators_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Source_NN1 :_: Reprinted_VVN from_II Ebead_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
</s>
<s>
(_( 2016_MC )_) ,_, (_( c_ZZ1 )_) ASCE_VV0 ._. 
</s>
<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO FE_NP1 grids_NN2 on_II OSP_NP1 is_VBZ not_XX neglected_VVN ,_, which_DDQ has_VHZ not_XX been_VBN studied_VVN deeply_RR before_RT ._. 
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<s>
The_AT maximum_JJ excavation-induced_JJ tunnel_NN1 displacement_NN1 approached_VVN or_CC exceeded_VVD the_AT allowable_JJ movement_NN1 limit_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT environmental_JJ conditions_NN2 (_( light_JJ intensity_NN1 ,_, DO_VD0 and_CC pH_NN1 )_) in_II the_AT water_NN1 were_VBDR measured_VVN on_II site_NN1 on_II the_AT 1st_MD ,_, 5th_MD ,_, 15th_MD ,_, 20th_MD ,_, 44th_MD and_CC 70th_MD days_NNT2 to_II a_AT1 3-h_ZZ1 scale_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF which_DDQ concerns_VVZ the_AT IP_NN1 response_NN1 (_( Fig.16a_FO )_) ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST the_AT behaviour_NN1 of_IO the_AT three_MC specimens_NN2 ,_, that_CST are_VBR equal_JJ for_IF workmanship_NN1 and_CC nominal_JJ geometric_JJ and_CC mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 ,_, is_VBZ actually_RR very_RG similar_JJ ,_, especially_RR for_IF positive_JJ loads/displacements_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT peaks_NN2 for_IF Ti_NP1 and_CC O_ZZ1 for_IF the_AT EDAX_NN1 results_NN2 confirmed_VVD that_CST the_AT particles_NN2 were_VBDR TiO2_FO ._. 
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<s>
The_AT crack_NN1 is_VBZ fully_RR frictional_JJ with_IW a_AT1 coefficient_NN1 of_IO friction_NN1 =0.10_FO ._. 
</s>
<s>
Clostridium_NN1 butyricum_NN1 CGS5_FO utilized_JJ acid_NN1 hydrolysed_VVD C._NP1 vulgaris_NN1 ESP6_FO biomass_NN1 in_II dark_JJ fermentation_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 cumulative_JJ hydrogen_NN1 production_NN1 of_IO 1276_MC ml_NNU L1_FO ,_, a_AT1 H2_FO production_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO 240_MC ml_NNU L1_FO h1_FO ,_, and_CC a_AT1 H2_FO yield_NN1 of_IO 0.94_MC mol/mol_NN1 sugar_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
If_CS not_XX properly_RR designed_VVN ,_, the_AT application_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 SMA_NN1 restrainer_NN1 in_II an_AT1 isolated_JJ bridge_NN1 may_VM decrease_VVI the_AT expected_JJ performance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Rotation_NN1 period_NN1 of_IO impeller_NN1 is_VBZ T_ZZ1 ,_, and_CC time_NNT1 step_VV0 t_ZZ1 is_VBZ chosen_VVN to_TO be_VBI T/320_FU ,_, T/160_FU and_CC T/80_FU ._. 
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<s>
The_AT terrace_NN1 is_VBZ located_VVN at_II the_AT confluence_NN1 of_IO the_AT Huangshui_NP1 River_NNL1 and_CC Yellow_NP1 River_NNL1 (_( Fig._NN1 1_MC1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 meet_VV0 the_AT energy_NN1 and_CC strength_NN1 based_VVN criteria_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 wider_JJR margin_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT significant_JJ mass_JJ amplification_NN1 effect_NN1 of_IO inertance_NN1 ,_, inerterbased_JJ devices_NN2 are_VBR mainly_RR applied_VVN in_II tuned_JJ mass_JJ damper_NN1 (_( TMD_NP1 )_) systems_NN2 to_TO improve_VVI the_AT performance_NN1 of_IO traditional_JJ TMDs_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Note_VV0 that_DD1 identification_NN1 of_IO the_AT appropriate_JJ bivariate_JJ distribution_NN1 model_NN1 from_II the_AT 64_MC candidate_NN1 models_NN2 using_VVG limited_JJ c_ZZ1 and_CC data_NN is_VBZ a_AT1 challenging_JJ task_NN1 in_II geotechnical_JJ practice_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT FWS_NP2 coupled_VVD with_IW FAHP_NP1 was_VBDZ proposed_VVN to_TO quantify_VVI the_AT weight_NN1 uncertainties_NN2 as_CSA probability_NN1 distributions_NN2 with_IW interval_NN1 constraints_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Coral_NN1 reefs_NN2 and_CC other_JJ calcareous_JJ deposits_NN2 may_VM experience_VVI various_JJ types_NN2 of_IO significant_JJ dynamic_JJ loading_NN1 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 those_DD2 from_II waves_NN2 and_CC earthquakes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 typical_JJ millisecond-delay_NN1 blasting_VVG sequence_NN1 is_VBZ arranged_VVN on_II the_AT full_JJ blasting_JJ work_NN1 face_NN1 for_IF tunnel_NN1 excavation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 analysis_NN1 then_RT informed_VVD a_AT1 bridge_NN1 reliability_NN1 assessment_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ incorporated_VVD both_RR bridge_VV0 accessibility_NN1 and_CC structural_JJ fragility_NN1 ,_, to_TO infer_VVI the_AT safety_NN1 and_CC longevity_NN1 of_IO transportation_NN1 infrastructure_NN1 susceptible_JJ to_II extreme_JJ storm_NN1 events_NN2 in_II a_AT1 changing_JJ climate_NN1 and_CC coastal_JJ landscape_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO apply_VVI machine_NN1 learning_NN1 techniques_NN2 ,_, the_AT entire_JJ database_NN1 mentioned_VVN in_II Section_NN1 2_MC is_VBZ divided_VVN randomly_RR into_II training_NN1 set_NN1 and_CC test_VV0 set_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Immediately_RR following_VVG this_DD1 ,_, acceleration_NN1 and_CC velocity_NN1 response_NN1 begin_VV0 to_TO move_VVI in_II different_JJ directions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Description_NN1 and_CC generalization_NN1 of_IO the_AT study_NN1 site_NN1 (_( Tetra_NP1 Tech_NN1 ,_, Inc._JJ ,_, 2005_MC )_) :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) site_NN1 location_NN1 ,_, Lower_JJR Charles_NP1 River_NNL1 Basin_NN1 ;_; (_( b_ZZ1 )_) modeled_VVD grid_NN1 of_IO the_AT study_NN1 site_NN1 in_II the_AT curvilinear_JJ orthogonal_JJ coordinate_NN1 system_NN1 ;_; (_( c_ZZ1 )_) grid_NN1 transformation_NN1 to_II the_AT Cartesian_JJ coordinate_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 significant_JJ increase_NN1 in_II the_AT OOP_NN1 strength_NN1 of_IO reinforced_JJ specimens_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ was_VBDZ nearly_RR 5_MC times_NNT2 that_CST observed_VVD for_IF the_AT reference_NN1 unreinforced_JJ specimen_NN1 ,_, was_VBDZ observed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Other_JJ physical_JJ realisations_NN2 of_IO inerters_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN proposed_VVN as_RR21 well_RR22 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 new_JJ signal_NN1 was_VBDZ then_RT produced_VVN by_II mixing_VVG these_DD2 two_MC signals_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 study_NN1 was_VBDZ financially_RR supported_VVN by_II the_AT project_NN1 of_IO NSFC_NP1 (_( 51508178_MC ,_, and_CC 51521006_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Database_NN1 1_MC1 includes_VVZ a_AT1 total_NN1 of_IO 1133_MC samples_NN2 of_IO high-performance_JJ concrete_NN1 with_IW one_MC1 output_NN1 variable_NN1 and_CC eight_MC quantitative_JJ input_NN1 variables_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 technique_NN1 uses_VVZ bootstrapping_VVG and_CC k-nearest_JJT neighbor_NN1 to_TO synthetically_RR create_VVI additional_JJ observations_NN2 of_IO the_AT event_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
With_IW continued_JJ fire_NN1 exposure_NN1 ,_, cracks_NN2 developed_VVN in_II the_AT insulation_NN1 and_CC the_AT epoxy_JJ resin_NN1 was_VBDZ burnt-off_JJ ,_, and_CC thus_RR the_AT temperatures_NN2 of_IO internal_JJ concrete_NN1 ,_, rebars_NN2 and_CC fibers_NN2 ascended_VVD quickly_RR ._. 
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<s>
Correlation_NN1 between_II PSHs_NP1 and_CC tensile_JJ strain_NN1 capacity_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Kaiser_NN1 (_( 2012_MC )_) )_) reported_VVD that_DD1 rock_NN1 failure_NN1 can_VM be_VBI triggered_VVN by_II both_DB2 remote_JJ seismic_JJ events_NN2 and_CC self-initiation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT some_DD of_IO the_AT studied_JJ seismic_JJ precursors_NN2 are_VBR radongas_NN2 emission_NN1 from_II soil_NN1 ,_, atmospheric_JJ vertical_JJ electric_JJ field_NN1 and_CC ionospheric_JJ variations_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT main_JJ roof_NN1 periodic_JJ weighting_NN1 arrived_VVD when_RRQ the_AT face_NN1 had_VHD advanced_VVN 38.8m_NNU ._. 
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<s>
While_CS not_XX an_AT1 exhaustive_JJ description_NN1 of_IO the_AT opportunities_NN2 for_IF Data_NN Science_NN1 in_II Environmental_JJ Science_NN1 applications_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 wide_JJ perspective_NN1 in_II the_AT area_NN1 is_VBZ provided_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Sensitivity_NN1 rankings_NN2 of_IO SRRC_NP1 for_IF BED_NN1 of_IO the_AT apartment_NN1 building_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
However_RR ,_, mechanistic_JJ understanding_NN1 is_VBZ still_RR lacking_VVG ,_, not_XX allowing_VVG us_PPIO2 to_TO deduce_VVI a_AT1 quantitative_JJ model_NN1 in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO blended_JJ cements_NN2 ,_, particularly_RR because_CS we_PPIS2 do_VD0 not_XX know_VVI well_RR how_RRQ these_DD2 binders_NN2 age_NN1 &lsqb;_( 19_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Contrarily_RR ,_, the_AT RC_NP1 column_NN1 sustained_VVD the_AT DE_NP1 and_CC MCE_NN1 but_CCB displayed_VVD significant_JJ damage_NN1 in_II the_AT form_NN1 of_IO rebar_NN1 fracture_NN1 at_II 140%_NNU of_IO the_AT DE_NP1 ,_, and_CC the_AT column_NN1 lost_VVN 20.6%_FO of_IO its_APPGE capacity_NN1 at_II 200%_NNU of_IO the_AT DE_NP1 ,_, corresponding_VVG to_II 4.8%_FO drift_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 approach_NN1 is_VBZ useful_JJ in_II the_AT engineering_NN1 practice_NN1 ;_; engineers_NN2 can_VM adopt_VVI the_AT present_JJ probabilistic_JJ method_NN1 to_TO identify_VVI the_AT most_RGT suitable_JJ model_NN1 and_CC its_APPGE associated_JJ model_NN1 parameters_NN2 for_IF a_AT1 given_JJ soft_JJ soil_NN1 for_IF the_AT prediction_NN1 of_IO long-term_JJ creep_NN1 behavior_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT analysis_NN1 results_NN2 of_IO VMD_NP1 are_VBR also_RR generally_RR more_RGR preferred_JJ for_IF convergence_NN1 over_II the_AT modulation_NN1 components_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT peak_NN1 in_II temperature_NN1 Ta3_FO in_II the_AT absorber_NN1 column_NN1 happened_VVD after_II around_RG 33min_NNU ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ a_AT1 longer_JJR delay_NN1 than_CSN capture_NN1 rate_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
With_IW these_DD2 characteristics_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 large_JJ amount_NN1 of_IO heat_NN1 is_VBZ absorbed_VVN during_II vaporization_NN1 (_( Qin_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT same_DA comparison_NN1 is_VBZ made_VVN between_II the_AT buildings_NN2 with_IW different_JJ design_NN1 code_NN1 levels_NN2 and_CC the_AT results_NN2 are_VBR presented_VVN in_II Fig.12(b)_FO ._. 
</s>
<s>
Taking_VVG rainstorms_NN2 and_CC floods_VVZ in_II 2016_MC as_II an_AT1 example_NN1 of_IO the_AT merge_VV0 process_NN1 ,_, Table2_FO shows_VVZ three_MC hazard_NN1 news_NN1 items_NN2 that_CST represented_VVD the_AT same_DA hazard_NN1 event_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
From_II Figure11a_FO ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN that_CST for_IF every_AT1 damping_NN1 ratio_NN1 of_IO the_AT TMD_NP1 s_ZZ1 ,_, the_AT acceleration_NN1 ratio_NN1 gets_VVZ its_APPGE maximum_NN1 when_CS the_AT TMD_NP1 frequency_NN1 ratio_NN1 γ_NULL =1.0_FO ._. 
</s>
<s>
Exposure_NN1 to_II ambient_JJ air_NN1 pollution_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 major_JJ environmental_JJ risk_NN1 factor_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW adverse_JJ health_NN1 effects_NN2 (_( Forouzanfar_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ._. 
</s>
<s>
More_RGR recently_RR ,_, Tung_NP1 (_( 2017_MC )_) used_VVD the_AT Galerkin_NN1 method_NN1 to_TO analyze_VVI the_AT nonlinear_JJ stability_NN1 of_IO thin_JJ CNTRC_NP1 plates_NN2 resting_VVG on_II Pasternak_NP1 foundations_NN2 under_II thermal_JJ loadings_NN2 ,_, including_II various_JJ degrees_NN2 of_IO in-plane_NN1 edge_NN1 restraints_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF this_DD1 reason_NN1 they_PPHS2 do_VD0 not_XX have_VHI distinctive_JJ features_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Besides_RR common_JJ experimental_JJ mistakes_NN2 ,_, there_EX are_VBR other_JJ pending_JJ issues_NN2 and_CC inherent_JJ measurement_NN1 difficulties_NN2 :_: sampling_VVG effects_NN2 ,_, non-linear_JJ fluid_NN1 flow_NN1 ,_, counter_VV0 electromotive_JJ flow_NN1 ,_, fines_VVZ migration_NN1 ,_, changes_NN2 in_II pore_NN1 fluid_NN1 chemistry_NN1 ,_, bio-activity_NN1 ,_, the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO shear_VV0 ,_, and_CC the_AT inherent_JJ changes_NN2 in_II effective_JJ stress_NN1 and_CC void_JJ ratio_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW an_AT1 imposed_JJ pressure_NN1 gradient_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Indeed_RR ,_, a_AT1 section_NN1 model_NN1 vibrating_VVG in_II still_JJ air_NN1 inevitably_RR disturbs_VVZ the_AT surrounding_JJ flow_NN1 field_NN1 ,_, and_CC the_AT disturbed_JJ flow_NN1 field_NN1 inversely_RR influences_VVZ the_AT vibration_NN1 of_IO the_AT section_NN1 model_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Impact_NN1 surfaces_NN2 were_VBDR created_VVN for_IF all_DB materials_NN2 used_VVD ._. 
</s>
<s>
A_AT1 study_NN1 on_II using_VVG 1-D_NP1 Convolutional_NP1 Neural_NP1 Networks_NN2 for_IF detecting_VVG the_AT structural_JJ damage_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN conducted_VVN in_II 2017_MC &lsqb;_( 22_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT Heifangtai_JJ terrace_NN1 ,_, located_VVN in_II the_AT loess_NN1 area_NN1 in_II Gansu_NP1 Province_NN1 (_( China_NP1 )_) is_VBZ well_RR known_VVN for_IF developing_VVG a_AT1 large_JJ number_NN1 of_IO landslides_NN2 induced_VVN by_II agricultural_JJ irrigation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI initiated_VVN under_II different_JJ forms_NN2 :_: concentrated_JJ leak_NN1 erosion_NN1 ,_, backward_JJ erosion_NN1 ,_, soil_NN1 contact_NN1 erosion_NN1 ,_, and_CC suffusion_NN1 &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Instead_RR the_AT crack_NN1 grew_VVD directly_RR through_II the_AT solid_JJ part_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 16c_FO ._. 
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<s>
Even_CS21 if_CS22 50%_NNU of_IO PVA_NN1 fibers_NN2 are_VBR replaced_VVN by_II recycled_JJ PET_NN1 fibers_NN2 ,_, the_AT composites_NN2 still_RR show_VV0 acceptable_JJ crack_NN1 control_NN1 ability_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT following_JJ sections_NN2 will_VM present_VVI the_AT data_NN generation_NN1 process_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT baseline_NN1 finite_JJ element_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF network_NN1 training_NN1 and_CC validation_NN1 ,_, the_AT architecture_NN1 design_NN1 of_IO the_AT Autoencoder_NN1 based_VVN framework_NN1 and_CC ANN_NP1 ,_, and_CC the_AT investigation_NN1 of_IO using_VVG the_AT vibration_NN1 characteristics_NN2 from_II the_AT damaged_JJ laboratory_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF damage_NN1 identification_NN1 with_IW the_AT proposed_JJ approach_NN1 and_CC ANN_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, the_AT plastic_NN1 hinge_NN1 in_II the_AT joints_NN2 was_VBDZ seen_VVN to_TO be_VBI relocated_VVN away_II21 from_II22 the_AT column_NN1 interface_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Upon_II completion_NN1 of_IO the_AT original_JJ ASHRAE_NN2 research_NN1 project_NN1 ,_, the_AT research_NN1 team_NN1 made_VVD the_AT database_NN1 accessible_JJ to_II the_AT global_JJ thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 research_NN1 community_NN1 via_II the_AT internet_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Abridged_JJ general_JJ view_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 randomly_RR numerical_JJ method_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT buildup_NN1 of_IO media_NN deposited_VVN from_II the_AT domestic_JJ wastewater_NN1 on_II the_AT valve_NN1 appurtenances_NN2 (_( particularly_RR on_II the_AT gate_NN1 hinges_NN2 ,_, float_VV0 ,_, and_CC O-ring_NN1 )_) prevents_VVZ the_AT valve_NN1 from_II closing_VVG completely_RR or_CC forming_VVG a_AT1 proper_JJ seal_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Hence_RR ,_, multi-chain_JJ MCMC_NP1 methods_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN used_VVN to_TO improve_VVI sampling_NN1 and_CC searching_VVG capabilities_NN2 ,_, as_RG well_RR as_CSA to_TO prevent_VVI premature_JJ convergence_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, being_VBG trapped_VVN in_II local_JJ optimum_JJ )_) in_II high-dimensional_JJ parameter_NN1 spaces_NN2 (_( Vrugt_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT equivalent_JJ frequency_NN1 is_VBZ naturally_RR assumed_VVN with_IW the_AT duration_NN1 of_IO the_AT clutching_JJ cycle_NN1 and_CC is_VBZ validated_VVN by_II using_VVG numerical_JJ results_NN2 under_II harmonic_JJ excitation_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT K30_FO sensors_NN2 were_VBDR calibrated_VVN by_II the_AT manufacturer_NN1 and_CC compared_VVD in-house_JJ to_II the_AT LI-7500_MC in_II both_RR a_AT1 constant_JJ concentration_NN1 test_NN1 ,_, and_CC a_AT1 decay_NN1 from_II the_AT sensor_NN1 upper_JJ limit_NN1 (_( 10,000ppm_NNU )_) before_CS and_CC after_CS the_AT field_NN1 campaign_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 the_AT aforementioned_JJ computational_JJ parameters_NN2 ,_, two_MC physical_JJ parameters-the_AT aspect_NN1 ratio_NN1 (_( AR_UH ;_; building_NN1 height_NN1 to_II street_NN1 width_NN1 )_) and_CC the_AT release_NN1 rate_NN1 of_IO tracer_NN1 gas-are_VBR also_RR important_JJ in_II studies_NN2 of_IO pollutant_JJ dispersion_NN1 in_II building_NN1 arrays_NN2 and_CC thus_RR require_VV0 examination_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Simulation_NN1 model_NN1 for_IF gas_NN1 drainage_NN1 in_II a_AT1 borehole_NN1 drilled_VVN in_II coal_NN1 reservoir_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT first_MD step_NN1 ,_, based_VVN on_II the_AT experimental_JJ results_NN2 ,_, steel_NN1 material_NN1 properties_NN2 were_VBDR defined_VVN in_II the_AT ANSYS_NP2 software_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Further_RRR ,_, the_AT mass_JJ amplification_NN1 mechanism_NN1 in_II inerter_JJR systems_NN2 can_VM be_VBI achieved_VVN through_II the_AT rack-gear_JJ mechanism_NN1 &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, ball-screw_JJ mechanism_NN1 &lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, hydraulic_JJ mechanism_NN1 &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, and_CC other_JJ such_DA mechanisms_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Fragility_NN1 curves_NN2 and_CC the_AT probabilities_NN2 are_VBR determined_VVN for_IF each_DD1 DM_NNU under_II different_JJ earthquake_NN1 intensities_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Hence_RR ,_, we_PPIS2 could_VM conclude_VVI that_CST the_AT EG/eutectic_FU composites_NN2 possessed_VVD good_JJ form-stability_NN1 when_CS the_AT EG_REX content_NN1 is_VBZ higher_JJR than_CSN 2_MC wt%_FO ._. 
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<s>
The_AT vibration-reduction_JJ effect_NN1 is_VBZ different_JJ under_II different_JJ seismic_JJ inputs_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
Prior_II21 to_II22 testing_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 small_JJ contact_NN1 load_NN1 of_IO 5_MC N_NNU was_VBDZ applied_VVN ,_, and_CC then_RT the_AT test_NN1 was_VBDZ initiated_VVN and_CC the_AT load-displacement_JJ data_NN were_VBDR recorded_VVN ._. 
</s>
<s>
Results_NN2 showed_VVD that_CST the_AT new_JJ developed_JJ model_NN1 has_VHZ the_AT best_JJT correlation_NN1 for_IF all_DB stations_NN2 ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT addition_NN1 of_IO VMA_NN1 in_II ECC_NP1 mixtures_NN2 with_IW low-cost_JJ type-C_JJ PVA_NN1 fibers_NN2 improves_VVZ the_AT dispersion_NN1 of_IO the_AT fibers_NN2 in_II ECC_NP1 ,_, therefore_RR increase_VV0 the_AT tensile_JJ strain_NN1 capacity_NN1 ,_, strength_NN1 and_CC material_NN1 consistency_NN1 of_IO resultant_JJ ECC_NP1 mixtures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Blast_VV0 data_NN for_IF Bansra_NP1 coal_NN1 mine_NN1 ,_, India_NP1 (_( VPPV_NP1 vs._II scaled_JJ distance_NN1 )_) ._. 
</s>
<s>
While_CS the_AT glass_NN1 fiber/epoxy_FU composite_JJ material_NN1 allows_VVZ us_PPIO2 to_TO make_VVI general_JJ observations_NN2 about_II the_AT fracture_NN1 path_NN1 ,_, 3D_NNU printing_NN1 allows_VVZ us_PPIO2 to_TO have_VHI better_JJR control_NN1 on_II the_AT geometry_NN1 and_CC placement_NN1 of_IO the_AT fibers_NN2 (_( e.g._REX in_II particular_JJ ,_, d_ZZ1 and_CC γ_NULL )_) ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ ideal_JJ for_IF the_AT parametric_JJ analysis_NN1 presented_VVN in_II this_DD1 work_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
In_II agreement_NN1 with_IW the_AT sensitivity_NN1 indexes_NN2 shown_VVN in_II Figure_NN1 9_MC ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST the_AT mean_JJ maximum_JJ impact_NN1 impulse_NN1 exhibits_VVZ higher_JJR variability_NN1 when_CS it_PPH1 is_VBZ conditioned_VVN on_II m2/m1_NN1 and_CC on_II 2/1_MF especially_RR in_II the_AT vicinity_NN1 of_IO 2/1=1_FU ._. 
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In_II the_AT 1990s_MC2 ,_, Brager_NP1 and_CC de_NP1 Dear_JJ &lsqb;_( 18,19_MC &rsqb;_) introduced_VVD the_AT expectation_NN1 concept_NN1 into_II thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 research_NN1 field_NN1 as_II a_AT1 psychological_JJ adapting_JJ approach_NN1 explaining_VVG why_RRQ people_NN are_VBR more_RRR accepting_VVG of_IO the_AT wider_JJR ranges_NN2 of_IO thermal_JJ conditions_NN2 in_II naturally_RR ventilated_JJ building_NN1 environments_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, recent_JJ research_NN1 has_VHZ argued_VVN that_CST the_AT reconstruction_NN1 processes_NN2 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN as_II a_AT1 transitional_JJ phase_NN1 between_II the_AT short-term_JJ response_NN1 and_CC rehabilitation_NN1 phase_NN1 and_CC the_AT longer-term_JJ recovery_NN1 (_( Blackman_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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<s>
To_TO facilitate_VVI recovery_NN1 ,_, Taiwan_NP1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 cabinet_NN1 approved_VVD a_AT1 2.9billion_FO USD_VV0 special_JJ budget_NN1 ,_, and_CC on_II August_NPM1 15_MC ,_, 2009_MC ,_, passed_VVD the_AT Morakot_NP1 Postdisaster_NP1 Reconstruction_NN1 Special_JJ Act_NN1 (_( hereafter_RT MPDR_NP1 Special_JJ Act_NN1 )_) ,_, which_DDQ created_VVD the_AT MPDR_NP1 Council_NN1 ,_, effective_JJ for_IF 5years_FO ,_, from_II August_NPM1 29_MC ,_, 2009_MC through_II August_NPM1 29_MC ,_, 2014_MC ._. 
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<s>
With_IW this_DD1 adjustment_NN1 for_IF the_AT weights_NN2 of_IO influential_JJ factors_NN2 ,_, construction_NN1 suitability_NN1 evaluation_NN1 map_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN as_CSA Fig._NN1 16_MC and_CC volume_NN1 calculation_NN1 outcomes_NN2 are_VBR presented_VVN as_CSA Tables_NN2 1b_FO and_CC 2b_FO ._. 
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Ts_ZZ2 and_CC Ky_NP1 can_VM be_VBI commonly_RR expressed_VVN as_II a_AT1 function_NN1 of_IO slope_NN1 properties_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT global_JJ response_NN1 parameter_NN1 chosen_VVN for_IF checking_VVG exceedance_NN1 of_IO LSs_NP1 is_VBZ the_AT peak_NN1 interstorey_NN1 drift_NN1 θ_NULL max_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT general_JJ flowchart_NN1 followed_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 context_NN1 ,_, the_AT notion_NN1 of_IO WUI_NP1 has_VHZ to_TO be_VBI redefined_VVN ,_, taking_VVG into_II account_NN1 the_AT related_JJ rural-urban_JJ process_NN1 and_CC the_AT changes_NN2 of_IO the_AT landscape_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT fibers_NN2 ,_, both_RR with_IW solid_JJ and_CC open_JJ cross-sections_NN2 ,_, are_VBR visible_JJ in_II the_AT thickness_NN1 profile_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 8b_FO )_) ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, the_AT comparison_NN1 shows_VVZ the_AT accuracy_NN1 of_IO QNM_NP1 test_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT chord_NN1 length_NN1 measured_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 lies_VVZ in_II the_AT range_NN1 of_IO 1_MC1 to_II 1000m_NNU ._. 
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<s>
Methyldiethanolamine_NP1 (_( MDEA_NP1 )_) ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ a_AT1 hybrid_NN1 of_IO MEA_NP1 and_CC DEA_NP1 ,_, has_VHZ low_JJ heat_NN1 of_IO reaction_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 improved_JJ CO2_FO loading_NN1 capacity_NN1 and_CC higher_JJR degradation_NN1 resistance_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT PSW_NP1 replaces_VVZ the_AT bottom_JJ part_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 piece_NN1 of_IO shear_VV0 wall_NN1 ,_, while_CS the_AT upper_JJ RCW_NP1 will_VM be_VBI designed_VVN according_II21 to_II22 the_AT current_JJ seismic_JJ design_NN1 code_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT seismic_JJ demands_NN2 obtained_VVN from_II the_AT overall_JJ design_NN1 procedure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Because_II21 of_II22 these_DD2 adsorptions_NN2 ,_, the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO PCE_NP1 adsorbed_VVD on_II the_AT surface_NN1 of_IO cement_NN1 particles_NN2 would_VM be_VBI cut_VVN down_RP ._. 
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<s>
The_AT analytical_JJ expression_NN1 obtained_VVN for_IF the_AT IN_II behavior_NN1 is_VBZ general_JJ and_CC contains_VVZ the_AT CP_NP1 and_CC SW_ND1 models_NN2 as_CSA special_JJ cases_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT inhomogeneous_JJ elastodynamic_JJ Navier-Lame_JJ equations_NN2 were_VBDR expressed_VVN as_II a_AT1 system_NN1 of_IO wave_NN1 equations_NN2 in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 unknown_JJ scalar_JJ and_CC vector_NN1 solution_NN1 potentials_NN2 ,_, ,_, and_CC known_VVN scalar_JJ and_CC vector_NN1 excitation_NN1 potentials_NN2 ,_, A*_FO ,_, ._. 
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<s>
The_AT pressure_NN1 difference_NN1 between_II the_AT blade_NN1 pressure_NN1 side_NN1 (_( PS_NN1 )_) and_CC suction_NN1 side_NN1 (_( SS_NP1 )_) was_VBDZ found_VVN to_TO be_VBI the_AT main_JJ cause_NN1 for_IF the_AT leakage_NN1 jet_NN1 flow_NN1 in_II a_AT1 turbomachinery_NN1 by_II using_VVG large_JJ eddy_NN1 simulation_NN1 (_( LES_FW )_) ._. 
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Neutron_NN1 tomography_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 concrete_JJ core_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT effective_JJ axial_JJ length_NN1 of_IO the_AT piston_NN1 is_VBZ 120mm_NNU ,_, the_AT cross-sectional_JJ area_NN1 of_IO the_AT piston_NN1 head_NN1 is_VBZ 22,862mm2_FO ,_, the_AT gap_NN1 width_NN1 between_II the_AT piston_NN1 and_CC cylinder_NN1 is_VBZ 1.5mm_NNU or_CC 3mm_NNU ,_, and_CC the_AT internal_JJ diameter_NN1 of_IO the_AT cylinder_NN1 is_VBZ 206mm_NNU or_CC 209mm_NNU ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 behavior_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX apparent_JJ during_II static_JJ bending_NN1 tests_NN2 ,_, and_CC whether_CSW this_DD1 change_NN1 in_II failure_NN1 mode_NN1 is_VBZ due_II21 to_II22 the_AT loading_NN1 duration_NN1 and_CC energy_NN1 imparted_VVD on_II the_AT element_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX entirely_RR clear_JJ ._. 
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Governing_JJ equations_NN2 of_IO the_AT double_JJ speed_NN1 RSA_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II September_NPM1 2011_MC ,_, it_PPH1 set_VVD up_RP the_AT stronger_JJR Christchurch_NP1 infrastructure_NN1 rebuild_VV0 team_NN1 (_( SCIRT_NP1 2017_MC )_) ,_, a_AT1 consortium_NN1 of_IO government_NN1 agencies_NN2 (_( CERA_NP1 ,_, the_AT Christchurch_NP1 City_NN1 Council_NN1 and_CC the_AT New_NP1 Zealand_NP1 Transport_NN1 Agency_NN1 )_) and_CC five_MC nominated_JJ repair_NN1 companies_NN2 (_( City_NN1 Care_NN1 ,_, Downer_NP1 ,_, Fletcher_NP1 ,_, Fulton_NP1 Hogan_NP1 ,_, and_CC McConnell_NP1 Dowell_NP1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT supernatant_NN1 containing_VVG the_AT soluble_JJ EPS_NP1 was_VBDZ decanted_VVN from_II the_AT resolved_JJ cell_NN1 pellet_NN1 and_CC aliquots_NN2 were_VBDR obtained_VVN from_II the_AT extracellular_JJ fraction_NN1 for_IF measurement_NN1 of_IO total_JJ organic_JJ carbon_NN1 (_( TOC_NP1 )_) (_( TOC-L_NP1 ,_, Shimadzu_NP1 ,_, Japan_NP1 )_) and_CC EPS_NP1 analysis_NN1 (_( Polysaccharide_NP1 ,_, Protein_NN1 ,_, eDNA_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT guest_NN1 co-editors_NN2 hope_VV0 that_CST this_DD1 work_NN1 will_VM spark_VVI a_AT1 discussion_NN1 within_II the_AT Environmental_JJ Modelling_NN1 &;_NULL Software_NN1 community_NN1 around_II how_RRQ and_CC where_RRQ Data_NN Science_NN1 fits_VVZ within_II the_AT broad_JJ spectrum_NN1 of_IO methods_NN2 and_CC techniques_NN2 employed_VVN for_IF solving_VVG environmental_JJ challenges_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT application_NN1 scope_NN1 and_CC resolution_NN1 ratio_NN1 of_IO infrared_JJ thermal_JJ imaging_NN1 monitor_NN1 are_VBR 253-523K_FO and_CC 60×80_FO pixels_NN2 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
The_AT bottles_NN2 were_VBDR sealed_VVN with_IW parafilm_NN1 and_CC cured_VVN for_IF another_DD1 four_MC months_NNT2 at_II the_AT respective_JJ temperatures_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 comparisons_NN2 with_IW the_AT FEM_NN1 demonstrate_VV0 that_CST the_AT modified_JJ PSBFEM_NN1 is_VBZ accurate_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Ratio_NN1 of_IO buckling_VVG capacity_NN1 to_II maximum_JJ compressive_JJ load_NN1 ,_, ,_, was_VBDZ 1.9_MC ._. 
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<s>
When_CS no_AT apparent_JJ weak_JJ zone_NN1 exists_VVZ ,_, the_AT failure_NN1 mode_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 slope_NN1 is_VBZ an_AT1 overall_JJ failure_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT Cambrian_JJ Neelum/Jura_NP1 granite_NN1 is_VBZ intruded_VVN in_II the_AT Tanol_NN1 Formation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Fracture_NN1 evolution_NN1 morphology_NN1 on_II top_JJ surface_NN1 of_IO specimen_NN1 #_FO 4_MC at_II different_JJ times_NNT2 ._. 
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<s>
Since_II then_RT ,_, in_II the_AT damage_NN1 modeling_NN1 of_IO concrete_NN1 the_AT PNP_NP1 of_IO a_AT1 specific_JJ second-order_JJ tensor_NN1 ,_, e.g._REX ,_, the_AT strain_NN1 (_( Simó_NP1 ,_, Ju_NP1 ,_, 1987_MC ,_, Ju_NP1 ,_, 1989_MC )_) ,_, the_AT nominal_JJ stress_NN1 (_( Yazdani_NP1 ,_, Schreyer_NP1 ,_, 1990_MC ,_, Hansen_NP1 ,_, Schreyer_NP1 ,_, 1994_MC ,_, Hansen_NP1 ,_, Schreyer_NP1 ,_, 1995_MC ,_, Lubarda_NP1 ,_, Krajcinovic_NN1 ,_, Mastilovic_NN1 ,_, 1994_MC )_) and_CC the_AT effective_JJ stress_NN1 (_( Cervera_NP1 ,_, Oliver_NP1 ,_, Faria_NP1 ,_, 1995_MC ,_, Faria_NP1 ,_, Oliver_NP1 ,_, Cervera_NP1 ,_, 1998_MC ,_, Wu_NP1 ,_, Li_NP1 ,_, Faria_NP1 ,_, 2006_MC ,_, Abu_NP1 Al-Rub_NP1 ,_, Kim_NP1 ,_, 2010_MC ,_, Grassl_NP1 ,_, Xenos_NP1 ,_, Nystrm_NP1 ,_, Rempling_NP1 ,_, Gylltoft_NP1 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ,_, etc._RA ,_, has_VHZ been_VBN the_AT standard_JJ strategy_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
After_CS a_AT1 total_NN1 of_IO seven_MC months_NNT2 of_IO curing_VVG ,_, the_AT bottles_NN2 were_VBDR stored_VVN at_II 20°C_NNU for_IF two_MC weeks_NNT2 before_II starting_VVG exposure_NN1 at_II 20°C_NNU ._. 
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<s>
One_MC1 liter_NN1 of_IO raw_JJ wastewater_NN1 was_VBDZ subsampled_VVN at_II each_DD1 WWTP_NP1 and_CC shipped_VVN for_IF MP_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Results_NN2 in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 also_RR show_VV0 that_CST 0.5%_FO of_IO nanoclay_NN1 addition_NN1 is_VBZ enough_DD to_II increases_NN2 thixotropy_NN1 to_II a_AT1 high_JJ value_NN1 for_IF any_DD PCE_NN1 addition_NN1 case_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Flood_NN1 risk_NN1 maps_NN2 developed_VVN in_II the_AT current_JJ study_NN1 will_VM help_VVI the_AT responsible_JJ authorities_NN2 to_TO better_RRR understand_VVI the_AT flooding_NN1 pattern_NN1 in_II the_AT floodplain_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
On_II the_AT contrary_NN1 ,_, machine_VV0 learning_VVG approach_NN1 is_VBZ considered_VVN as_II a_AT1 "_" black-box_JJ "_" method_NN1 since_CS the_AT learning_NN1 process_NN1 relies_VVZ on_II establishing_VVG an_AT1 empirical_JJ model_NN1 to_TO generalize_VVI mapping_NN1 relationship_NN1 between_II input_NN1 and_CC output_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
On_II the_AT basis_NN1 of_IO the_AT EBSD_NN1 measurement_NN1 ,_, no_AT statements_NN2 can_VM be_VBI made_VVN about_II the_AT substructure_NN1 in_II the_AT martensitic_JJ areas_NN2 ,_, since_CS the_AT resolution_NN1 is_VBZ too_RG small_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 4a_FO shows_VVZ the_AT FT-IR_JJ spectra_NN2 of_IO paraffin_NN1 ,_, TiO2_FO ,_, paraffin@TiO2_FO and_CC paraffin@TiO2/GO_VV0 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, the_AT DLO_NN1 results_NN2 satisfy_VV0 the_AT equilibrium_NN1 and_CC compatibility_NN1 requirements_NN2 and_CC show_VV0 excellent_JJ agreement_NN1 with_IW the_AT more_RGR rigorous_JJ solutions_NN2 of_IO Georgiadis_NP1 &lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Compared_VVN with_IW the_AT progressive_JJ failure_NN1 in_II numerical_JJ static_JJ indirect_JJ tensile_JJ test_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 13_MC )_) ,_, the_AT fatigue_NN1 progressive_JJ failure_NN1 of_IO FBD_NP1 specimen_NN1 in_II numerical_JJ cyclic_JJ tensile_JJ test_NN1 occurs_VVZ more_RGR suddenly_RR without_IW obvious_JJ preceding_JJ signs_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
At_II roughly_RR 573°C_NNU ,_, quartz_NN1 has_VHZ a_AT1 phase_NN1 transformation_NN1 from_II phase_NN1 to_II β_NULL phase_NN1 ,_, 34_MC which_DDQ can_VM be_VBI used_VVN to_TO explain_VVI the_AT variation_NN1 of_IO mechanical_JJ and_CC physical_JJ properties_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Under_II the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO several_DA2 freeze-thaw_JJ cycles_NN2 ,_, fractures_NN2 develop_VV0 into_II a_AT1 fracture_NN1 network_NN1 connecting_VVG multiple_JJ layers_NN2 with_IW repeated_JJ stress_NN1 loading_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT threshold_NN1 h_ZZ1 can_VM be_VBI determined_VVN via_II simulation_NN1 for_IF a_AT1 given_JJ probability_NN1 of_IO false_JJ alarm&lsqb;34&rsqb;_FO ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, since_CS each_DD1 individual_JJ axle_NN1 could_VM produce_VVI a_AT1 significant_JJ stress_NN1 range_NN1 at_II this_DD1 detail_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT out-of-plane_JJ bending_NN1 ,_, the_AT fatigue_NN1 loading_NN1 cycles_NN2 were_VBDR dependent_JJ on_II the_AT total_JJ number_NN1 of_IO loading_NN1 axle_NN1 at_II this_DD1 detail_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
JK-A_NP1 cavern_NN1 had_VHD a_AT1 large-span_JJ flat_JJ roof_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Rather_II21 than_II22 advancing_VVG on_II the_AT two-dimensional_JJ models_NN2 developed_VVN in_II the_AT 1970s_MC2 ,_, Comitis_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 1994_MC )_) extended_VVD the_AT one-dimensional_JJ mathematical_JJ model_NN1 developed_VVN by_II de_NP1 Ris_NP2 to_TO account_VVI for_IF transient_JJ fire_NN1 propagation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Exfoliated_JJ graphite_NN1 was_VBDZ prepared_VVN according_II21 to_II22 a_AT1 reported_JJ chemical_JJ oxidation_NN1 technique_NN1 using_VVG flake_NN1 graphite_NN1 &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Finally_RR ,_, model_NN1 D_ZZ1 which_DDQ included_VVD all_DB spatial_JJ and_CC spatiotemporal_JJ variables_NN2 had_VHD the_AT best_JJT performance_NN1 across_II ANFIS_NP1 runs_VVZ with_IW lowest_RRT RMSE_VV0 and_CC highest_JJT R2_FO ._. 
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<s>
Software_NN1 simulations_NN2 regarding_II microclimatic_JJ and_CC outdoor_JJ thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 conditions_NN2 are_VBR performed_VVN for_IF the_AT daytime_NNT1 period_NN1 06.00-20.00_MCMC (_( 14_MC h_ZZ1 )_) at_II the_AT height_NN1 of_IO 1.8_MC m_NNO from_II the_AT ground_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
As_II the_AT operative_JJ temperature_NN1 in_II the_AT classroom_NN1 increased_VVD ,_, the_AT students_NN2 '_NULL propensity_NN1 to_TO rely_VVI on_II active_JJ environmental_JJ remediation_NN1 with_IW air-conditioning_NN1 ,_, followed_VVN by_II fans_NN2 ,_, was_VBDZ significantly_RR stronger_JJR than_CSN the_AT passive_JJ other_JJ thermal_JJ adaptation_NN1 options_NN2 like_II windows_NN2 ,_, blinds_NN2 ,_, and_CC clothing_NN1 adjustment_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Other_JJ authors_NN2 have_VH0 also_RR described_VVN the_AT new_JJ profile_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 data_NN scientist_NN1 and_CC the_AT specific_JJ skills_NN2 required_VVN to_TO do_VDI Data_NN Science_NN1 properly_RR (_( e.g._REX ,_, Sooraij_NP1 Shah_NP1 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Higher_JJR Na2O_FO content_JJ paste_NN1 mixtures_NN2 produce_VV0 an_AT1 environment_NN1 with_IW higher_JJR pH_NN1 that_CST can_VM lead_VVI to_II extensive_JJ dissolution_NN1 of_IO slag_NN1 grains_NN2 &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT information_NN1 of_IO the_AT tested_JJ fault_NN1 bearing_VVG ._. 
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The_AT other_JJ two_MC specimens_NN2 belong_VV0 with_IW external_JJ campaigns_NN2 not_XX previously_RR considered_VVN ._. 
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<s>
When_CS other_JJ sources_NN2 of_IO silicates_NN2 and_CC alumina_NN1 are_VBR modeled_VVN ,_, such_II21 as_II22 using_VVG calcined_JJ clay_NN1 as_II an_AT1 input_NN1 ,_, the_AT mitigation_NN1 potential_NN1 for_IF alkali-activated_JJ materials_NN2 drops_VVZ ._. 
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<s>
Ignoring_VVG the_AT stress_NN1 concentration_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 edge_NN1 of_IO the_AT sleepers_NN2 ,_, the_AT maximum_JJ sleeper-ballast_JJ contact_NN1 pressure_NN1 obtained_VVN at_II the_AT location_NN1 of_IO rail_NN1 seat_NN1 load_NN1 ._. 
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At_II point_NN1 A_ZZ1 ,_, particle_NN1 2823_MC pushes_VVZ up_RP particle_NN1 2507_MC and_CC gradually_RR takes_VVZ over_II the_AT new_JJ position_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Given_CS21 that_CS22 the_AT amounts_NN2 of_IO clay_NN1 minerals_NN2 (_( illite_NN1 ,_, some_DD interlayered_JJ illite/smectite_NN1 ,_, kaolinite_NN1 and_CC chlorite_NN1 )_) in_II the_AT basal_JJ loess_NN1 are_VBR only_RR slightly_RR more_DAR than_CSN those_DD2 present_JJ in_II the_AT top_NN1 (_( Table_NN1 2_MC )_) ,_, the_AT differences_NN2 in_II the_AT geotechnical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO the_AT top_NN1 and_CC basal_JJ loess_NN1 are_VBR probably_RR not_XX associated_VVN with_IW these_DD2 minerals_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
During_II injection_NN1 ,_, CO2_FO will_VM reach_VVI the_AT formation_NN1 at_II lower_JJR temperatures_NN2 than_CSN the_AT reservoir_NN1 ,_, and_CC so_RG numerical_JJ models_NN2 of_IO injection_NN1 should_VM capture_VVI the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO temperature_NN1 contrast_NN1 in_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 the_AT fluid_NN1 pressure_NN1 increase_NN1 (_( Vilarrasa_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ therefore_RR important_JJ to_TO characterise_VVI the_AT source_NN1 and_CC fate_NN1 of_IO pharmaceuticals_NN2 in_II the_AT aquatic_JJ environment_NN1 to_TO aid_VVI in_II risk_NN1 assessment_NN1 as_CSA approaches_VVZ evaluating_VVG potential_JJ adverse_JJ effect_NN1 concentrations_NN2 emerge_VV0 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 study_NN1 is_VBZ partially_RR supported_VVN by_II the_AT University_NN1 Grants_VVZ Council_NN1 of_IO Hong_NP1 Kong_NP1 through_II a_AT1 Collaborative_JJ Research_NN1 Fund_NN1 (_( CRF_NP1 )_) Project_NN1 C6012-15G_NNU ._. 
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<s>
These_DD2 tests_NN2 investigated_VVD the_AT potential_JJ tradeoffs_NN2 of_IO ground_NN1 densification_NN1 and_CC the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO interaction_NN1 on_II performance_NN1 measures_NN2 of_IO interest_NN1 to_II both_DB2 geotechnical_JJ and_CC structural_JJ engineers_NN2 (_( eg_REX ,_, foundation_NN1 settlement_NN1 ,_, tilt_VV0 ,_, interstory_JJ drifts_NN2 in_II structure_NN1 ,_, and_CC momentrotation_NN1 of_IO fuses_NN2 )_) ._. 
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Stability_NN1 factors_NN2 of_IO slope_NN1 subjected_VVN to_II water_NN1 drawdown_NN1 (_( γ_NULL =20kN/m3_VV0 ,_, β_NULL =60°_FO ,_, =34°_FO ,_, B/H=5.0_NP1 ,_, and_CC uauw=140kPa_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT load_NN1 range_NN1 of_IO beams_NN2 FCS-4P-I_NP2 and_CC FCS-4P-II_MC was_VBDZ 17%-47%_FO of_IO their_APPGE load-carrying_JJ capacities_NN2 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO alleviate_VVI the_AT frost_NN1 heave_NN1 around_II chilled_JJ gas_NN1 pipeline_NN1 ,_, Svec_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) proposed_VVD a_AT1 method_NN1 of_IO heating_NN1 soils_VVZ by_II cables_NN2 under_II pipe_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 thermal_JJ insulation_NN1 slab_NN1 ,_, and_CC verified_VVD this_DD1 idea_NN1 through_II an_AT1 experiment_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT US_NP1 the_AT materials_NN2 were_VBDR given_VVN the_AT name_NN1 fabric_NN1 reinforced_VVD cementitious_JJ matrix_NN1 (_( FRCM_NP1 )_) systems_NN2 ;_; a_AT1 possible_JJ problem_NN1 in_II this_DD1 term_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST the_AT matrix_NN1 may_VM not_XX be_VBI cementitious_JJ (_( e.g._REX ,_, hydraulic_JJ lime_NN1 )_) ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 section_NN1 ,_, asphalt_NN1 concrete_NN1 was_VBDZ modeled_VVN as_II a_AT1 three-phase_JJ heterogeneous_JJ material_NN1 including_II fine_JJ aggregate_JJ matrix_NN1 ,_, aggregates_NN2 ,_, and_CC air_NN1 voids_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II sensitivity_NN1 analyses_NN2 of_IO the_AT artificial_JJ neural_JJ networks-model_NN1 used_VMK to_TO create_VVI the_AT deforestation_NN1 suitability_NN1 map_NN1 ,_, distance_NN1 from_II previously_RR deforested_JJ areas_NN2 was_VBDZ the_AT most_RGT influential_JJ biophysical_JJ variable_NN1 explaining_VVG the_AT location_NN1 of_IO observed_JJ deforestation_NN1 (_( between_II 1986_MC and_CC 1996_MC )_) ,_, followed_VVN by_II distance_NN1 from_II protected_JJ areas_NN2 and_CC elevation_NN1 ._. 
</s>
<s>
This_DD1 enables_VVZ the_AT various_JJ stakeholder_NN1 groups_NN2 to_TO be_VBI prioritized_VVN in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 their_APPGE influence_NN1 levels_NN2 and_CC hence_RR contributes_VVZ to_II maximizing_VVG overall_JJ stakeholder_NN1 satisfaction_NN1 by_II improving_VVG the_AT efficiency_NN1 and_CC effectiveness_NN1 of_IO the_AT evaluation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, at_II Tdiff_NN1 of_IO 6_MC K_ZZ1 about_RG 70%_NNU of_IO the_AT secondary_JJ school_NN1 students_NN2 voted_VVN on_II '_NULL use_NN1 AC_NN1 '_NULL ,_, whilst_CS just_RR over_RG 40%_NNU of_IO primary_JJ school_NN1 students_NN2 casted_VVD a_AT1 vote_NN1 on_II the_AT same_DA option_NN1 ._. 
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Fp_NP1 equation_NN1 ,_, 2_MC representative_JJ archetype_NN1 buildings_NN2 are_VBR designed_VVN based_VVN on_II the_AT ASCE_NP1 716_MC seismic_JJ provisions_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, at_II damage_NN1 variable_NN1 =0.05the_FO superhealing_VVG variable_NN1 in_II Figs._NN2 10_MC and_CC 12_MC are_VBR 40_MC and_CC 30_MC ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 novel_JJ propagator_NN1 matrix_NN1 method_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, the_AT dual_JJ variable_NN1 and_CC position_NN1 method_NN1 ,_, or_CC DVP_NP1 )_) is_VBZ further_RRR introduced_VVN ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ more_RGR accurate_JJ and_CC suitable_JJ for_IF layered_JJ structures_NN2 with_IW thin_JJ layers_NN2 under_II high_JJ frequency_NN1 excitation_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Usually_RR calcium-rich_JJ aluminosilicate_NN1 or_CC calcium_NN1 hydroxide_NN1 would_VM induce_VVI rapid_JJ setting_NN1 and_CC high_JJ early_JJ strength_NN1 &lsqb;_( 64_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 78_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, but_CCB replacement_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 portion_NN1 of_IO the_AT slag_NN1 with_IW calcium_NN1 hydroxide_NN1 resulted_VVN in_II a_AT1 decrease_NN1 in_II both_DB2 compressive_JJ strength_NN1 and_CC workability_NN1 in_II a_AT1 one-part_RR geopolymer_NN1 &lsqb;_( 65_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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<s>
Two_MC VSCs_NP1 are_VBR controlled_VVN separately_RR and_CC the_AT dynamics_NN of_IO the_AT PMSG_NP1 and_CC the_AT power_NN1 grid_NN1 is_VBZ decoupled_VVN via_II the_AT DC-link_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT method_NN1 of_IO allowing_VVG subjects_NN2 to_TO freely_RR adjust_VVI the_AT ambient_JJ temperature_NN1 is_VBZ restricted_VVN to_II climate_NN1 chambers_NN2 where_RRQ temperature_NN1 can_VM be_VBI precisely_RR quickly_RR controlled_VVN (_( e.g._REX Ref_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 subtree_NN1 crossover_NN1 procedure_NN1 was_VBDZ inspired_VVN by_II the_AT DEAP_NN1 library_NN1 (_( Distributed_VVN Evolutionary_JJ Algorithms_NN2 in_II Python_NP1 )_) (_( Fortin_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2012_MC )_) and_CC adapted_VVN for_IF the_AT specific_JJ case_NN1 of_IO binary_JJ trees_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
On_II the_AT other_JJ hand_NN1 ,_, the_AT decrease_NN1 in_II concentration_NN1 difference_NN1 with_IW time_NNT1 also_RR reduces_VVZ the_AT diffusion_NN1 rate_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
On_II the_AT basis_NN1 of_IO the_AT above_JJ results_NN2 ,_, the_AT water-based_JJ slurry_NN1 containing_VVG paraffin@TiO2/GO_VV0 composite_JJ exhibits_NN2 enhanced_VVD thermophysical_JJ property_NN1 and_CC photo-thermal_JJ conversion_NN1 performance_NN1 indicating_VVG that_CST it_PPH1 has_VHZ great_JJ potential_NN1 to_TO be_VBI used_VVN in_II DASC_NN1 for_IF solar_JJ energy_NN1 storage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Kim_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2007a_FO ,_, Kim_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2007b_FO ,_, Kim_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2007c_FO examined_VVN how_RRQ the_AT incipient_JJ discontinuities_NN2 with_IW varying_JJ persistence_NN1 values_NN2 affect_VV0 the_AT mechanical_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO jointed_VVN rock_NN1 mass_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, in_II the_AT other_JJ cities_NN2 ,_, the_AT upper_JJ limit_NN1 of_IO the_AT GB/T_NP1 50785_MC is_VBZ significantly_RR lower_JJR ,_, so_RG much_DA1 so_CS21 that_CS22 in_II the_AT coldest_JJT climate_NN1 test_NN1 cases_NN2 of_IO Amsterdam_NP1 and_CC San_NP1 Francisco_NP1 ,_, the_AT Chinese_JJ upper_JJ comfort_NN1 limit_NN1 approaches_VVZ their_APPGE lower_JJR limits_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT details_NN2 of_IO the_AT foundation_NN1 plates_NN2 are_VBR displayed_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 9_MC ._. 
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<s>
Quantitatively_RR ,_, a_AT1 direct_JJ comparison_NN1 between_II our_APPGE results_NN2 and_CC the_AT theoretical_JJ values_NN2 of_IO the_AT maximum_JJ growth_NN1 rate_NN1 m_ZZ1 or_CC the_AT wavelength_NN1 of_IO fingers_NN2 computed_VVN by_II Loodts_NN2 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2014b_FO )_) is_VBZ difficult_JJ ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 result_NN1 reveals_VVZ the_AT thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 can_VM be_VBI improved_VVN by_II adding_VVG the_AT Micro-PCMs_NP1 ,_, and_CC the_AT thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO 3wt%_FO paraffin@TiO2/GO_VV0 slurry_NN1 is_VBZ higher_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO paraffin@TiO2_FO slurry_NN1 at_II the_AT same_DA mass_JJ fraction_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ attributed_VVN to_II the_AT higher_JJR thermal_JJ conductivity_NN1 of_IO paraffin@TiO2/GO_VV0 than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO paraffin@TiO2_FO ,_, as_CSA listed_VVN in_II Table_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT numerical_JJ results_NN2 are_VBR consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT conclusions_NN2 by_II New_JJ and_CC O_ZZ1 '_NULL Reilly_NP1 (_( 1991_MC )_) and_CC Han_NP1 (_( 2007_MC )_) in_II that_DD1 "_" for_IF granular_JJ soils_NN2 ,_, the_AT settlement_NN1 estimated_VVN by_II the_AT Peck_NP1 formula_NN1 is_VBZ often_RR too_RG small_JJ "_" ._. 
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<s>
Moreover_RR ,_, high_RR shear_VV0 strengths_NN2 can_VM be_VBI achieved_VVN with_IW sufficiently_RR strong_JJ rolling_JJ resistance_NN1 ,_, but_CCB this_DD1 is_VBZ not_XX recommended_VVN due_II21 to_II22 the_AT unrealistic_JJ induced_JJ fabric_NN1 ._. 
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Change_NN1 of_IO neutral_JJ operative_JJ temperature_NN1 with_IW relative_JJ humidity_NN1 at_II different_JJ bed_NN1 covering_VVG ._. 
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Siriwardane_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 2008_MC )_) proposed_VVD a_AT1 new_JJ damage_NN1 indicator-based_JJ sequential_JJ law_NN1 to_TO estimate_VVI the_AT remaining_JJ fatigue_NN1 life_NN1 of_IO railway_NN1 bridges_NN2 to_TO capture_VVI the_AT load_NN1 sequence_NN1 effect_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Final_JJ test_NN1 was_VBDZ performed_VVN at_II temperature_NN1 and_CC pressure_NN1 of_IO 50°C_NNU and_CC 10MPa_FO and_CC the_AT corrosion_NN1 products_NN2 also_RR contained_VVN high_JJ quantities_NN2 of_IO sulfur_NN1 element_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT deformations_NN2 of_IO the_AT column_NN1 and_CC walls_NN2 are_VBR almost_RR the_AT same_DA size_NN1 ,_, however_RR ,_, the_AT deformation_NN1 of_IO the_AT column_NN1 is_VBZ far_RR beyond_II its_APPGE failure_NN1 envelope_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS ,_, the_AT deformations_NN2 of_IO walls_NN2 are_VBR locating_VVG within_II their_APPGE capacity_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Furthermore_RR ,_, when_CS opportunity_NN1 cost_NN1 estimates_NN2 are_VBR static_JJ ,_, i.e._REX ,_, they_PPHS2 are_VBR not_XX allowed_VVN to_TO change_VVI with_IW changes_NN2 in_II economic_JJ conditions_NN2 over_II time_NNT1 (_( Pana_NP1 and_CC Gheyssens_NP2 ,_, 2016_MC ,_, Takasaki_NP1 ,_, 2012_MC )_) ,_, interpretation_NN1 of_IO results_NN2 must_VM be_VBI made_VVN with_IW extra_JJ caution_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Singly_RR and_CC doubly_RR stiffened_JJ cylinders_NN2 are_VBR often_RR used_VVN in_II many_DA2 engineering_NN1 areas_NN2 ,_, so_RR a_AT1 stiffened_JJ structure_NN1 is_VBZ here_RL considered_VVN for_IF completeness_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
However_RR ,_, a_AT1 systematic_JJ behaviour_NN1 is_VBZ seen_VVN :_: when_RRQ the_AT ratio_NN1 of_IO is_VBZ below_II unity_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ underestimated_VVN ,_, and_CC vice_RR21 versa_RR22 ._. 
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Four_MC fitting_JJ parameters_NN2 are_VBR related_VVN to_II the_AT strain_NN1 rates_NN2 in_II this_DD1 criterion_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Addition_NN1 of_IO polypropylene_NN1 fibers_NN2 to_II HSC_NP1 mitigates_VVZ fire-induced_NN1 spalling_VVG by_II relieving_VVG the_AT temperature-induced_JJ pore_NN1 pressure_NN1 developed_VVN through_II enhanced_JJ porosity_NN1 in_II concrete_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ occurs_VVZ because_II21 of_II22 the_AT melting_NN1 of_IO polypropylene_NN1 fibers_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF comparison_NN1 ,_, the_AT pressure_NN1 distributions_NN2 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT at-rest_NN1 and_CC the_AT Rankine_NP1 passive_JJ earth-pressure_JJ conditions_NN2 ,_, and_CC that_CST calculated_VVD in_II31 accordance_II32 with_II33 the_AT DMRB_NP1 (_( Highways_NN2 Agency_NN1 2003_MC )_) are_VBR also_RR plotted_VVN in_II Figs_NN2 ._. 
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Thereafter_RT ,_, one_PN1 was_VBDZ stripped_VVN at_II 7days_FO and_CC exposed_VVN to_II the_AT dry_JJ air_NN1 (_( 20°C_NNU and_CC RH_FO 60%_NNU )_) in_II31 accordance_II32 with_II33 the_AT air-drying_NN1 curing_VVG program_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT other_JJ two_MC specimens_NN2 were_VBDR kept_VVN sealed_VVN to_II measure_NN1 AS_CSA ._. 
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<s>
Thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 prediction_NN1 can_VM be_VBI instrumental_JJ in_II bridging_VVG the_AT gap_NN1 between_II energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 and_CC occupants_NN2 '_NULL comfort_VV0 by_II utilizing_VVG the_AT predicted_JJ thermal_JJ state_NN1 (_( Discomfort/Comfort_NN1 )_) of_IO occupant_NN1 as_II a_AT1 control_NN1 criterion_NN1 for_IF the_AT cooling_NN1 systems_NN2 in_II buildings_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT estimated_JJ throughput_NN1 of_IO that_DD1 line_NN1 was_VBDZ 100_MC linear_JJ metres_NNU2 per_II 8_MC h_ZZ1 shift_VV0 ,_, equivalent_JJ to_II a_AT1 web_NN1 speed_NN1 of_IO approx_RR ._. 
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Overall_RR fifty_MC seismic_JJ features_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN obtained_VVN for_IF parametric_JJ seismic_JJ indicators_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, an_AT1 analytical_JJ model_NN1 for_IF the_AT stress-strain_JJ relationship_NN1 of_IO the_AT fiber_NN1 reinforced_VVD concrete_NN1 under_II compression_NN1 is_VBZ proposed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS MBR_NP1 process_NN1 is_VBZ more_RGR efficient_JJ than_CSN CAS_NP2 to_TO remove_VVI microplastics_NN2 ,_, the_AT proportion_NN1 of_IO the_AT smallest-sized_JJ MPs_NNU (_( <0.25mm_FO )_) is_VBZ at_II its_APPGE highest_JJT value_NN1 in_II MBR_NP1 permeate_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 4_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Afterwards_RT ,_, 20_MC relative_JJ influential_JJ input_NN1 variables_NN2 were_VBDR selected_VVN for_IF the_AT next_MD step_NN1 of_IO optimization_NN1 while_CS the_AT other_JJ 17_MC less_DAR influential_JJ variables_NN2 were_VBDR locally_RR optimized/modified_VVN according_II21 to_II22 the_AT results_NN2 of_IO sensitivity_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._. 
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Location_NN1 of_IO the_AT Randstad_NP1 region_NN1 and_CC rasterized_JJ map_NN1 for_IF 1989_MC ._. 
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The_AT interactions_NN2 patterns_NN2 between_II the_AT supplied_JJ air_NN1 from_II PV_NN1 and_CC the_AT TBL_NP1 should_VM be_VBI an_AT1 important_JJ consideration_NN1 for_IF the_AT improvement_NN1 of_IO BZ_NP1 air_NN1 quality_NN1 ,_, thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 and_CC energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 in_II optimal_JJ ventilation_NN1 design_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT authors_NN2 are_VBR currently_RR evaluating_VVG this_DD1 issue_NN1 through_II parametric_JJ finite-element_JJ analyses_NN2 (_( Elkady_NP1 and_CC Lignos_NP1 2015a_FO ,_, 2017_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Note_VV0 :_: These_DD2 5_MC components_NN2 are_VBR identified_VVN as_II the_AT water_NN1 confined_VVN in_II inter-layer_JJ pores_NN2 ,_, gel_NN1 pores_NN2 ,_, inter-hydrate_JJ pores_NN2 ,_, fine_JJ and_CC coarse_JJ capillary_JJ pores_NN2 with_IW increasing_JJ transverse_JJ relaxation_NN1 timeT2i_NN2 (_( i_ZZ1 =_FO 1_MC1 ,_, 2_MC ,_, ,_, 5_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT work_NN1 of_IO Ritter_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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<s>
&lsqb;_( 31_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, the_AT influence_NN1 of_IO tunnel_NN1 excavation_NN1 on_II the_AT building_NN1 behavior_NN1 is_VBZ investigated_VVN via_II the_AT centrifuge_NN1 tests_NN2 where_CS relatively_RR complex_JJ surface_NN1 structure_NN1 is_VBZ fabricated_VVN by_II 3D_NNU printing_NN1 ._. 
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Compared_VVN with_IW the_AT intact_JJ granitic_JJ gneiss_NN1 ,_, the_AT elastic_JJ modulus_NN1 and_CC uniaxial_JJ compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO jointed_VVN granitic_JJ gneiss_NN1 was_VBDZ reduced_VVN to_II 60.04%_FO and_CC 8.4%_FO ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Combined_JJ solar_JJ water_NN1 heating_NN1 system_NN1 as_CSA one_MC1 major_JJ type_NN1 of_IO indirect_JJ systems_NN2 now_RT attracts_VVZ more_DAR and_CC more_DAR attentions_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT case_NN1 where_CS we_PPIS2 ignored_VVD the_AT relative_JJ permeability_NN1 hysteresis_NN1 ,_, the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO trapped_JJ CO2_FO is_VBZ underestimated_VVN by_II 15%_NNU ._. 
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The_AT SNRs_NP1 for_IF fd1_FO and_CC fd2_FO are_VBR calculated_VVN as_CSA 19.17_MC dB_NNU and_CC 20.33_MC dB_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
In_II this_DD1 work_NN1 ,_, we_PPIS2 presented_VVD an_AT1 elastic_JJ multiphase-field_JJ model_NN1 to_TO describe_VVI a_AT1 martensitic_JJ phase_NN1 transformation_NN1 in_II a_AT1 ferritic-austenitic_JJ dual-phase_JJ microstructure_NN1 ._. 
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To_TO confirm_VVI the_AT consistency_NN1 of_IO the_AT 3D_NNU modelling_NN1 for_IF deep_JJ excavation_NN1 in_II Bangkok_NP1 soft_JJ soil_NN1 ,_, the_AT second_MD case_NN1 was_VBDZ selected_VVN as_II an_AT1 independent_JJ case_NN1 study_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Although_CS Canadian_JJ home_NN1 insurers_NN2 are_VBR increasingly_RR offering_VVG coverage_NN1 for_IF flood_NN1 damages_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW overland_NN1 stormwater_NN1 and_CC river_NN1 flows_NN2 ,_, and_CC coverage_NN1 for_IF infiltration_NN1 flooding_NN1 (_( seepage_NN1 )_) is_VBZ widely_RR available_JJ in_II the_AT province_NN1 of_IO Quebec_NP1 ,_, most_DAT insurance_NN1 policies_NN2 will_VM only_RR cover_VVI damages_NN2 incurred_VVN by_II sewer_NN1 backup_NN1 events_NN2 (_( Sandink_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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2016_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT time_NNT1 of_IO construction_NN1 ,_, in_II fact_NN1 ,_, determines_VVZ the_AT generation_NN1 of_IO the_AT seismic_JJ code_NN1 in_II the_AT United_NP1 States_NP1 that_DD1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO design_VVI the_AT building_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT above_JJ examples_NN2 ,_, the_AT mean_JJ radiant_JJ temperature_NN1 and_CC the_AT air_NN1 temperature_NN1 were_VBDR assumed_VVN to_TO be_VBI the_AT same_DA ._. 
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<s>
Fourth_MD ,_, the_AT cost_NN1 savings_NN2 produced_VVN by_II the_AT management_NN1 model_NN1 used_VVD ,_, the_AT positive_JJ externalities_NN2 gained_VVN and_CC negative_JJ externalities_NN2 avoided_VVD ,_, and_CC its_APPGE contributions_NN2 to_II overall_JJ community_NN1 recovery_NN1 collectively_RR underscore_VV0 the_AT need_NN1 to_TO continue_VVI to_TO improve_VVI measurement_NN1 in_II this_DD1 area_NN1 to_TO produce_VVI more_RGR precise_JJ estimates_NN2 of_IO the_AT value_NN1 of_IO intersector_NN1 collaboration_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Studies_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST this_DD1 kind_NN1 of_IO solution_NN1 only_RR exists_VVZ when_RRQ a_AT1 mass_NN1 is_VBZ located_VVN at_II the_AT same_DA location_NN1 as_CSA or_CC very_RG near_II a_AT1 damper_JJR and_CC with_IW a_AT1 small_JJ variationally_RR range_NN1 of_IO ._. 
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The_AT determination_NN1 of_IO active_JJ earth_NN1 pressure_NN1 behind_II rigid_JJ retaining_JJ walls_NN2 is_VBZ one_MC1 of_IO the_AT classical_JJ and_CC long-standing_JJ topics_NN2 in_II geotechnical_JJ engineering&lsqb;1&rsqb;_FO ,_, &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 5_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 6_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 7_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT following_JJ subsection_NN1 ,_, equations_NN2 for_IF the_AT cooling_NN1 and_CC heating_NN1 loads_NN2 calculation_NN1 are_VBR derived_VVN from_II Refs_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT environmental_JJ impact_NN1 of_IO one-part_RR alkali-activated_JJ materials_NN2 is_VBZ lower_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 of_IO two-part_JJ equivalents_NN2 or_CC OPC_NP1 concrete_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST the_AT mass_NN1 and_CC frequency_NN1 ratios_NN2 are_VBR ,_, in_RR21 general_RR22 ,_, the_AT most_RGT influential_JJ parameters_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ because_CS the_AT categorization_NN1 of_IO the_AT electricity_NN1 consumption_NN1 patterns_NN2 of_IO buildings_NN2 is_VBZ usually_RR developed_VVN as_II an_AT1 unsupervised_JJ machine_NN1 learning_NN1 task_NN1 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, the_AT frequency_NN1 of_IO clusters_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE respective_JJ composition_NN1 are_VBR a_JJ21 priori_JJ22 unknown_JJ variable_NN1 ._. 
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Compressive_JJ strengths_NN2 of_IO foamed_JJ concretes_NN2 prepared_VVN with_IW the_AT various_JJ foams_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT sliding_JJ blocks_NN2 slow_VV0 considerably_RR and_CC are_VBR deposited_VVN in_II Zone_NN1 4_MC ._. 
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The_AT chemical_JJ compositions_NN2 of_IO cementitious_JJ materials_NN2 ._. 
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All_DB instrumentation_NN1 and_CC acquisition_NN1 comprised_VVN of_IO Bridge_NN1 Diagnostics_NN1 ,_, Inc._JJ equipment_NN1 ,_, where_CS individual_JJ sensors_NN2 (_( measuring_VVG range_NN1 of_IO ±5_FO g_ZZ1 )_) physically_RR connected_VVN to_II four-channel_JJ nodes_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ in_II turn_NN1 interfaced_VVD wirelessly_RR with_IW a_AT1 base_NN1 station/data_FU acquisition_NN1 unit_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT counts_NN2 of_IO chord_NN1 lengths_NN2 smaller_JJR than_CSN 40m_NNU increase_NN1 ,_, while_CS those_DD2 bigger_JJR than_CSN 40m_NNU decrease_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT mean_JJ ratio_NN1 of_IO TOT_NN1 to_II RTR_NP1 for_IF the_AT median_JJ collapse_NN1 intensity_NN1 is_VBZ 0.95_MC meaning_NN1 that_CST for_IF all_DB typologies_NN2 examined_VVD ,_, the_AT RTR_NP1 fragility_NN1 functions_NN2 tended_VVD to_TO overestimate_VVI the_AT median_JJ collapse_NN1 intensity_NN1 when_CS compared_VVN with_IW the_AT collapse_NN1 fragilities_NN2 that_CST account_VV0 for_IF both_DB2 aforementioned_JJ sources_NN2 of_IO uncertainty_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 finding_JJ consistent_JJ with_IW existing_JJ research_NN1 reviewed_VVN in_II Section_NN1 2_MC ._. 
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Impact_NN1 force_NN1 time_NNT1 histories_NN2 of_IO the_AT four_MC models_NN2 under_II the_AT Ford_NP1 truck_NN1 collision_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT respective_JJ hysteretic_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT brace_NN1 with_IW P=80kN_FO and_CC k=3.68kN/mm_NNU ,_, P=115kN_FO and_CC k=3.68kN/mm_NNU ,_, and_CC P=115kN_FO and_CC k=8.59kN/mm_NNU ,_, under_II sinusoidal_JJ excitations_NN2 with_IW different_JJ frequencies_NN2 and_CC amplitudes_NN2 ,_, are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 10_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 11_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 12_MC ._. 
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<s>
The_AT nonclassical_JJ nature_NN1 of_IO the_AT modal_JJ damping_NN1 is_VBZ confirmed_VVN in_II this_DD1 case_NN1 by_II the_AT relatively_RR large_JJ magnitude_NN1 of_IO the_AT imaginary_JJ part_NN1 (_( thin_JJ lines_NN2 )_) for_IF the_AT towers_NN2 1_MC1 ,_, 2_MC ,_, and_CC 3_MC when_CS compared_VVN to_II their_APPGE real_JJ part_NN1 (_( thick_JJ lines_NN2 )_) ._. 
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For_IF full_JJ details_NN2 of_IO the_AT respondents_NN2 '_NULL profiles_NN2 ,_, the_AT reader_NN1 is_VBZ referred_VVN to_II Darko_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 22_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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In_II all_DB three_MC test_NN1 specimens_NN2 ,_, fracture_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 brace_NN1 was_VBDZ accompanied_VVN by_II a_AT1 substantial_JJ decrease_NN1 in_II strength_NN1 and_CC stiffness_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR ,_, devices_NN2 with_IW two_MC slot_NN1 die_VV0 coated_JJ layers_NN2 (_( perovskite_NN1 and_CC Spiro-OMeTAD_NP1 )_) were_VBDR compared_VVN to_II spin_NN1 coated_VVN reference_NN1 devices_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Fig._NN1 4_MC shows_VVZ examples_NN2 of_IO typical_JJ space-time_JJ maps_NN2 of_IO CO2_FO dissolution_NN1 in_II water_NN1 ,_, Antarctic_JJ water_NN1 and_CC in_II NaCl_NN1 1M_NNU and_CC 2M_NNU solutions_NN2 ._. 
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All_DB participants_NN2 were_VBDR acclimated_VVN to_II the_AT tropical_JJ climate_NN1 in_II which_DDQ the_AT study_NN1 took_VVD place_NN1 &lsqb;_( 29_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
</s>
<s>
The_AT largescale_NN1 testing_NN1 devices_NN2 and_CC equipment_NN1 allowed_VVN for_IF an_AT1 accurate_JJ description_NN1 of_IO the_AT physical_JJ phenomenon_NN1 ,_, reproducing_VVG the_AT behavior_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 real_JJ buried_JJ pipeline_NN1 section_NN1 undergoing_VVG earthquakeinduced_JJ ground_NN1 deformations_NN2 in_II specific_JJ soil_NN1 conditions_NN2 ,_, measuring_VVG soilpipe_NN1 interaction_NN1 forces_NN2 and_CC pipe_VV0 structural_JJ response_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT waterjet_NN1 disturbance_NN1 degree_NN1 is_VBZ defined_VVN by_II the_AT vibration_NN1 amplitude_NN1 to_TO quantitatively_RR describe_VVI the_AT waterjet_NN1 impact_NN1 capacity_NN1 ._. 
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Timehistory_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT baseisolated_JJ building_NN1 is_VBZ calculated_VVN by_II direct_JJ integration_NN1 of_IO the_AT equations_NN2 of_IO motion_NN1 ._. 
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Land_NN1 covers_NN2 are_VBR classified_VVN into_II 44_MC classes_NN2 articulated_VVN over_RG three_MC levels_NN2 ._. 
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Note_VV0 :_: Sample_NN1 size_NN1 =_FO 800_MC (_( STh_NP1 ,_, SCh_NN ,_, PR_NP1 ,_, SpO2_FO )_) ,_, 100_MC (_( BPsys_NP1 ,_, BPdia_NP1 )_) ._. 
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Still_RR ,_, only_RR few_DA2 research_NN1 investigations_NN2 have_VH0 focused_VVN on_II the_AT removal_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_IO microplastics_NN2 in_II WWTPs_NP1 and_CC studied_VVD microplastics_NN2 in_II other_JJ WWTP_NP1 matrices_NN2 than_CSN final_JJ effluent_NN1 (_( Carr_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC ,_, Mintenig_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC ,_, Murphy_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC ,_, Talvitie_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017a_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT nuclear_JJ magnetic_JJ resonance_NN1 (_( NMR_NP1 )_) method_NN1 has_VHZ high_JJ sensitivity_NN1 to_II the_AT moisture_NN1 content_NN1 in_II porous_JJ materials_NN2 ;_; however_RR ,_, compared_VVN to_II neutron_NN1 imaging_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM not_XX provide_VVI better_JJR resolution_NN1 in_II time_NNT1 and_CC space_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT findings_NN2 of_IO this_DD1 study_NN1 also_RR have_VH0 implications_NN2 for_IF policymakers_NN2 in_II developed_JJ countries_NN2 ._. 
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Furthermore_RR ,_, the_AT peak_NN1 rate_NN1 for_IF specimens_NN2 with_IW the_AT 26-mm_JJ radius_NN1 was_VBDZ reduced_VVN to_II a_AT1 stable_JJ value_NN1 more_RGR gradually_RR than_CSN that_DD1 for_IF specimens_NN2 with_IW the_AT 0-mm_JJ radius_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT proposed_JJ value_NN1 of_IO the_AT behaviour_NN1 q-factor_NN1 given_VVN for_IF each_DD1 structural_JJ type_NN1 and_CC for_IF the_AT corresponding_JJ ductility_NN1 class_NN1 (_( Medium_NN1 or_CC High_JJ )_) are_VBR given_VVN in_II Table_NN1 2_MC ._. 
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The_AT second_MD family_NN1 of_IO pastes_NN2 ,_, labeled_VVD as_RG plain_JJ (_( P_ZZ1 )_) ,_, was_VBDZ composed_VVN of_IO water_NN1 ,_, surfactant_NN1 ,_, cement_NN1 and_CC VMA_NP1 ._. 
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<s>
Attempts_NN2 were_VBDR made_VVN to_TO correlate_VVI geological_JJ and_CC hydraulic_JJ parameters_NN2 of_IO rock_NN1 mass_NN1 experimentally_RR and_CC logically_RR in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO estimate_VVI the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 flow_NN1 into_II tunnels_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ evident_JJ that_CST :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) for_IF a_AT1 fixed_JJ Reynolds_NP1 number_NN1 ,_, the_AT entropy_NN1 produced_VVN per_II unit_NN1 time_NNT1 grows_VVZ with_IW the_AT incidence_NN1 angle_NN1 ,_, and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) that_CST it_PPH1 has_VHZ a_AT1 much_RR stronger_JJR dependency_NN1 on_II the_AT Reynolds_NP1 number_NN1 ._. 
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An_AT1 additional_JJ granular_JJ assembly_NN1 denoted_VVD LS_NP2 is_VBZ also_RR considered_VVN in_II this_DD1 Figure_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Additionally_RR ,_, microwaves_NN2 can_VM generate_VVI UV_JJ radiation_NN1 via_II an_AT1 electrodeless_JJ discharge_NN1 lamp_NN1 for_IF combined_JJ MW/UV_FU reactors_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_II the_AT framework_NN1 of_IO the_AT FP7_FO IDEALVENT_NN1 project_NN1 coordinated_VVN by_II the_AT von_NP1 Karman_NP1 Institute_NN1 (_( VKI_NP1 ,_, Belgium_NP1 )_) ,_, a_AT1 number_NN1 of_IO innovative_JJ developments_NN2 were_VBDR carried_VVN out_RP in_II order_NN1 to_TO permit_VVI the_AT investigation_NN1 of_IO aerodynamic_JJ and_CC aeroacoustic_JJ installation_NN1 effects_NN2 in_II aircraft_NN Environmental_JJ Control_NN1 Systems_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 was_VBDZ shown_VVN that_CST the_AT modified_JJ design_NN1 rules_NN2 provide_VV0 more_RGR accurate_JJ and_CC less_RGR scattered_JJ joint_JJ strength_NN1 predictions_NN2 than_CSN the_AT current_JJ CIDECT_NN1 provisions_NN2 ._. 
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All_DB variables_NN2 required_VVN for_IF calculating_VVG h_ZZ1 (_( cp_NNU ._. 
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<s>
The_AT highest_JJT enhancement_NN1 observed_VVD was_VBDZ 1.35_MC which_DDQ is_VBZ for_IF Al2O3/_NN1 (_( 40nm_FO )_) NF_NP1 ._. 
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One_MC1 essential_JJ advantage_NN1 of_IO unsupervised_JJ analytics_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST they_PPHS2 could_VM achieve_VVI better_JJR data_NN utilization_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 doesn_NN1 '_NULL t_ZZ1 mean_VV0 that_CST the_AT segmental_JJ lining_NN1 would_VM not_XX lead_VVI to_TO crack_VVI generation_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 compression_NN1 ._. 
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Importantly_RR ,_, the_AT interlayer_NN1 pore_NN1 water_NN1 content_NN1 is_VBZ observed_VVN to_TO roughly_RR follow_VVI linear_JJ relationship_NN1 with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 water_NN1 saturation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT relationship_NN1 between_II the_AT hybrid_JJ confinement_NN1 ratio_NN1 and_CC postpeak_VV0 ductile_JJ ratio_NN1 is_VBZ approximately_RR linear_JJ (_( Fig._NN1 9_MC )_) ._. 
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Further_RRR ,_, the_AT corresponding_JJ configurations_NN2 and_CC their_APPGE symmetry_NN1 accord_NN1 with_IW those_DD2 predicted_VVN from_II the_AT mechanism_NN1 modes_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT decreasing_JJ of_IO pump_NN1 inlet_NN1 pressure_NN1 will_VM promote_VVI the_AT cavitation_NN1 develop_VV0 in_II impeller_NN1 and_CC further_RRR affect_VV0 the_AT radial_JJ force_NN1 of_IO pump_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 mixture_NN1 with_IW >0.6_FO was_VBDZ not_XX viable_JJ due_II21 to_II22 particles_NN2 segregation_NN1 &lsqb;_( 15_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 23_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT mixed_JJ liquid_JJ oil_NN1 is_VBZ kept_VVN in_II the_AT model_NN1 tank_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT waterjet_NN1 impact_NN1 angle_NN1 adjustment_NN1 method_NN1 is_VBZ described_VVN as_II follows_VVZ :_: (_( i_ZZ1 )_) Overlap_VV0 the_AT nozzle_NN1 with_IW the_AT 0°_NNU scale_NN1 mark_NN1 of_IO the_AT graduated_JJ disk_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 proportion_NN1 for_IF breeding_VVG a_AT1 new_JJ generation_NN1 is_VBZ selected_VVN ._. 
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<s>
When_CS the_AT CO2_FO injection_NN1 time_NNT1 is_VBZ 4000_MC d_ZZ1 ,_, permeability_NN1 ratios_NN2 become_VV0 0.75_MC ,_, 0.67_MC and_CC 0.61_MC ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
Each_DD1 specimen_NN1 consisted_VVN of_IO a_AT1 260-mm-diameter_NN1 and_CC 1,000-mm-long_FO column_NN1 cast_VVN into_II a_AT1 base_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
To_TO overcome_VVI these_DD2 gaps_NN2 ,_, fire_NN1 resistance_NN1 tests_NN2 and_CC numerical_JJ studies_NN2 were_VBDR carried_VVN out_RP to_TO evaluate_VVI comparative_JJ fire_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO HSC_NP1 columns_NN2 with_IW and_CC without_IW fibers_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT daily_JJ traffic_NN1 pattern_NN1 is_VBZ identified_VVN for_IF two_MC classes_NN2 of_IO days_NNT2 ,_, workdays_NN2 and_CC nonworkdays_NN2 ._. 
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Contribution_NN1 of_IO the_AT TCR_NP1 ,_, FOM_NP1 ,_, VOM_FW and_CC FC_NP1 to_II the_AT LCOE_NN1 of_IO the_AT CLR-CC_JJ process_NN1 for_IF different_JJ cases_NN2 defined_VVN in_II Table_NN1 6_MC ._. 
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The_AT change_NN1 in_II pH_NN1 follows_VVZ a_AT1 similar_JJ trend_NN1 as_CSA DO_VD0 ,_, with_IW both_DB2 parameters_NN2 showing_VVG a_AT1 strong_JJ positive_JJ correlation_NN1 (_( Table_NN1 S1_FO )_) ._. 
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<s>
Differences_NN2 are_VBR due_II21 to_II22 the_AT enhanced_JJ energy_NN1 dissipation_NN1 in_II the_AT vertical_JJ step_NN1 joints_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ occurs_VVZ when_RRQ fasteners_NN2 with_IW a_AT1 small_JJ diameter_NN1 are_VBR used_VVN ._. 
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Because_II21 of_II22 the_AT material_NN1 attribution_NN1 of_IO SOLID_JJ 65_MC ,_, there_EX was_VBDZ no_AT descent_NN1 stage_NN1 considered_VVN for_IF the_AT concrete_NN1 in_II the_AT model_NN1 ._. 
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In_II31 addition_II32 to_II33 stress_NN1 contribution_NN1 ,_, friction_NN1 mobilization_NN1 at_II contact_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR important_JJ ._. 
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These_DD2 charts_NN2 are_VBR given_VVN for_IF practical_JJ use_NN1 in_II geotechnical_JJ engineering_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ possible_JJ that_CST the_AT sampling_NN1 is_VBZ conducted_VVN in_II a_AT1 wide_JJ region_NN1 of_IO the_AT parameter_NN1 space_NN1 and_CC the_AT convergence_NN1 speed_NN1 will_VM be_VBI very_RG slow_JJ ,_, and_CC the_AT computational_JJ cost_NN1 will_VM be_VBI large_JJ for_IF structures_NN2 in_II practice_NN1 (_( such_II21 as_II22 the_AT case_NN1 in_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ hypothesized_VVN that_CST the_AT in-plane_NN1 and_CC the_AT out-of-plane_JJ responses_NN2 of_IO the_AT walls_NN2 are_VBR not_XX mutually_RR exclusive_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Buckling_NN1 of_IO the_AT FRP_NP1 tube_NN1 caused_VVD a_AT1 small_JJ sudden_JJ drop_NN1 of_IO applied_JJ load_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 loud_JJ noise_NN1 and_CC obvious_JJ change_NN1 of_IO tube_NN1 appearance_NN1 ._. 
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Compared_VVN with_IW the_AT salt_NN1 cavern_NN1 UGS_VVZ at_II a_AT1 small_JJ depth_NN1 ,_, the_AT overlying_JJ pressures_NN2 acting_VVG on_II the_AT cavern_NN1 of_IO Jianghan_NP1 are_VBR much_RR larger_JJR ._. 
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<s>
For_IF this_DD1 reason_NN1 ,_, piping_NN1 systemfor_NN1 circulating_VVG cold_JJ water_NN1 in_II bottom_NN1 and_CC lateral_JJ of_IO solar_JJ pond_NN1 becomes_VVZ a_AT1 common_JJ tool_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
A_AT1 scheme_NN1 showing_VVG how_RGQ single_JJ read/output_NN1 YAML_NN1 commands_NN2 can_VM access_VVI all_DB of_IO the_AT scenario_NN1 attributes_VVZ at_RR21 once_RR22 for_IF a_AT1 single_JJ run_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 3_MC ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, the_AT dominant_JJ inter-aggregate_JJ pore_NN1 diameter_NN1 decreased_VVN from_II 15.50_MC m_NNO and_CC 11.71_MC m_NNO to_II 9.63_MC m_NNO and_CC 7.35_MC m_NNO when_CS the_AT specimens_NN2 were_VBDR subjected_VVN to_II a_AT1 constant_JJ vertical_JJ pressure_NN1 of_IO 200_MC kPa_NN1 and_CC 500_MC kPa_NN1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 adjustment_NN1 can_VM also_RR readily_RR allow_VVI consideration_NN1 of_IO undesignated_JJ states_NN2 that_CST are_VBR inferred_VVN from_II data_NN in_II extended_JJ fragility_NN1 analysis_NN1 ,_, effectively_RR applying_VVG clustering_NN1 in_II the_AT space_NN1 of_IO IMs_NP1 and_CC structural_JJ responses_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT low_JJ stress_NN1 response_NN1 at_II the_AT deck_NN1 plate_NN1 also_RR suggested_VVN that_CST 16_MC mm_NNU was_VBDZ thick_RR enough_RR for_IF the_AT deck_NN1 plate_NN1 in_II the_AT OSD_NN1 with_IW UPHC-composite_JJ deck_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT host_NN1 structure_NN1 chosen_VVN for_IF this_DD1 study_NN1 was_VBDZ a_AT1 model_NN1 train_NN1 bridge_NN1 undergoing_VVG operational_JJ loadings_NN2 from_II an_AT1 international_JJ train_NN1 fleet_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_CST the_AT release_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 for_IF internal_JJ curing_VVG is_VBZ relatively_RR fast_JJ and_CC that_CST the_AT water_NN1 is_VBZ distributed_VVN fairly_RR homogeneously_RR from_II the_AT LWA_NN1 for_IF at_RR21 least_RR22 3mm_NNU within_II the_AT hydrating_JJ cement_NN1 paste_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 8_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
Research_NN1 related_VVN to_II these_DD2 topics_NN2 is_VBZ ,_, therefore_RR ,_, necessary_JJ to_TO identify_VVI differences_NN2 in_II control_NN1 characteristics_NN2 between_II SIS_NN1 and_CC PIS_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT EBSD_NN1 data_NN were_VBDR provided_VVN by_II Moritz_NP1 Wenk_NP1 at_II IAM-WBM_NN1 ,_, KIT_NN1 ,_, using_VVG a_AT1 Zeiss_NP1 Merlin_NP1 SEM_NP1 ,_, equipped_VVN with_IW an_AT1 Oxford_NP1 Nordlys_NP1 EBSD_NP1 system_NN1 ._. 
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A_ZZ1 ,_, box_NN1 plot_NN1 ;_; B_ZZ1 ,_, average_JJ MP_NN1 concentration_NN1 ,_, histogram_NN1 ._. 
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In_II 2015_MC EU_NP1 Member_NN1 States_NN2 were_VBDR required_VVN to_TO provide_VVI national_JJ plans_NN2 for_IF nZEB_NN1 that_CST will_VM become_VVI the_AT reference_NN1 standard_NN1 for_IF new_JJ public_JJ buildings_NN2 by_II 2020_MC &lsqb;_( 15_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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For_IF similar_JJ reasons_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 higher_JJR horizontal_JJ reaction_NN1 force_NN1 was_VBDZ measured_VVN in_II PCS-0.4_MC ._. 
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<s>
Deformation_NN1 monitoring_NN1 values_NN2 are_VBR intuitive_JJ and_CC reliable_JJ and_CC are_VBR widely_RR used_VVN both_RR locally_RR and_CC abroad_RL as_CSA main_JJ monitoring_NN1 variables_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Based_VVN on_II the_AT experience_NN1 of_IO the_AT Barradeel_NP1 concession_NN1 brine_NN1 production_NN1 field_NN1 ,_, Harlingen_NP1 ,_, the_AT Netherlands_NP1 ,_, 1_MC1 the_AT basic_JJ shape_NN1 of_IO the_AT cavern_NN1 in_II the_AT ultra-deep_JJ rock_NN1 salt_NN1 formation_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT1 vertical_JJ cylinder_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF Jute/PAA_NN1 gel_NN1 ,_, the_AT correlation_NN1 coefficient_NN1 (_( R2>0.9742_FO )_) for_IF the_AT Langmuir_NN1 model_NN1 was_VBDZ higher_JJR than_CSN that_DD1 for_IF the_AT Freundlich_NN1 model_NN1 (_( R2<0.9470_FO )_) ,_, indicating_VVG the_AT monolayer_NN1 adsorption_NN1 of_IO Cd2+_FO and_CC Pb2+_FO on_II Jute/PAA_NP1 gel_NN1 (_( Jiang_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
We_PPIS2 ,_, therefore_RR ,_, conclude_VV0 that_CST the_AT availability_NN1 of_IO aluminium_NN1 does_VDZ not_XX act_VVI as_II a_AT1 major_JJ limitation_NN1 on_II the_AT dolomite_NN1 reaction_NN1 in_II the_AT investigated_JJ systems_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
From_II Table_NN1 5_MC it_PPH1 can_VM further_RRR be_VBI seen_VVN that_CST the_AT second_MD most_RRT studied_VVN binder_NN1 is_VBZ Fly_JJ Ash_NP1 ,_, the_AT next_MD frequently_RR studied_VVN binder_NN1 is_VBZ Blast_NN1 Furnace_NP1 Slag_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS Natural_JJ Pozzolans_NN2 ,_, Limestone_NN1 or_CC Silica_NP1 Fume_NP1 are_VBR studied_VVN rarely_RR ._. 
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Conversely_RR ,_, longitudinal_JJ (_( compression_NN1 )_) waves_NN2 can_VM not_XX be_VBI polarized_VVN ,_, because_CS a_AT1 polarization_NN1 plane_NN1 can_VM not_XX be_VBI identified_VVN ._. 
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<s>
With_IW reference_NN1 only_RR to_II this_DD1 type_NN1 of_IO specimens_NN2 ,_, OOP_VV0 force-central_JJ displacement_NN1 diagrams_NN2 for_IF the_AT reference_NN1 IP-undamaged_JJ and_CC IP-damaged_JJ infills_NN2 presented_VVN in_II the_AT literature_NN1 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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For_IF each_DD1 test_NN1 ,_, after_II imposing_VVG the_AT vertical_JJ top_JJ compression_NN1 ,_, the_AT loading_NN1 history_NN1 was_VBDZ applied_VVN in_II a_AT1 displacementcontrolled_JJ procedure_NN1 ,_, as_CSA reported_VVN in_II Table_NN1 4_MC in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 target_NN1 drift_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT in_RR21 situ_RR22 gradation_NN1 curve_NN1 is_VBZ shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 6a_FO ,_, and_CC a_AT1 5-mm_JJ diameter_NN1 is_VBZ set_VVN as_II the_AT boundary_NN1 to_TO divide_VVI the_AT soil_NN1 particles_NN2 and_CC rock_NN1 blocks_NN2 ._. 
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There_EX are_VBR three_MC types_NN2 of_IO basement_NN1 flooding_NN1 :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) overland_NN1 flooding_NN1 where_CS water_NN1 enters_VVZ homes_NN2 through_II windows_NN2 ,_, doors_NN2 ,_, vents_NN2 ,_, reversed_VVD slope_NN1 driveways_NN2 ,_, and_CC cracks_NN2 in_II foundation_NN1 walls_NN2 ;_; (_( 2_MC )_) infiltration_NN1 flooding_NN1 that_CST occurs_VVZ when_RRQ groundwater_NN1 seeps_VVZ into_II the_AT basement_NN1 through_II foundation_NN1 cracks_NN2 ;_; and_CC (_( 3_MC )_) sewer_NN1 backup_NN1 events_NN2 in_II which_DDQ the_AT capacity_NN1 of_IO the_AT combined_JJ or_CC sanitary_JJ sewer_NN1 system_NN1 is_VBZ exceeded_VVN and_CC water_NN1 is_VBZ forced_VVN from_II the_AT sewer_NN1 main_NN1 through_II the_AT private_JJ drain_NN1 connections_NN2 and_CC into_II people_NN '_NULL s_ZZ1 homes_NN2 (_( Sandink_NP1 2009_MC )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 problem_NN1 is_VBZ well-known_JJ in_II MCDA_NP1 and_CC an_AT1 experienced_JJ facilitator_NN1 will_VM be_VBI attentive_JJ to_TO avoid_VVI these_DD2 biases_NN2 ,_, and_CC use_NN1 or_CC develop_VV0 methods_NN2 limiting_VVG their_APPGE occurrence_NN1 ,_, e.g._REX consistency_NN1 check_NN1 questions_NN2 using_VVG another_DD1 method_NN1 ._. 
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These_DD2 analyses_NN2 found_VVD that_CST ,_, similar_JJ to_TO nanocrystalline_VVI materials_NN2 ,_, a_AT1 transition_NN1 from_II the_AT normal_JJ Hall-Petch_NP1 relation_NN1 to_II the_AT inverse_JJ Hall-Petch_NP1 relation_NN1 is_VBZ observed_VVN in_II nanocomposite_NN1 materials_NN2 when_RRQ the_AT size_NN1 is_VBZ reduced_VVN below_II a_AT1 critical_JJ value_NN1 in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO flow_NN1 stress_NN1 ._. 
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In_II the_AT extreme_JJ situation_NN1 ,_, partial_JJ stripping_JJ and_CC shedding_NN1 will_VM be_VBI present_JJ at_II the_AT bolt_NN1 surface_NN1 when_CS the_AT stripping_JJ cracks_NN2 are_VBR connected_VVN ,_, resulting_VVG in_II a_AT1 significant_JJ decrease_NN1 in_II the_AT force_NN1 transfer_NN1 area_NN1 of_IO the_AT bolt_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
For_IF a_AT1 given_JJ wave_NN1 vector_NN1 K_ZZ1 ,_, Equation_NN1 7_MC can_VM be_VBI calculated_VVN using_VVG the_AT modal_JJ analysis_NN1 method_NN1 ._. 
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At_II the_AT bottom_NN1 of_IO the_AT concrete_JJ amortisseur_NN1 ,_, transmission_NN1 boundary_NN1 is_VBZ applied_VVN which_DDQ will_VM transfer_VVI the_AT stress_NN1 waves_NN2 and_CC reflection_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX allowed_VVN ._. 
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<s>
Interoperability_NN1 of_IO the_AT H-MGs_NNU2 is_VBZ offered_VVN by_II the_AT proposed_JJ market_NN1 structure_NN1 where_CS the_AT excess_JJ energy_NN1 of_IO one_MC1 H-MG_NNU can_VM be_VBI stored_VVN in_II their_APPGE ES/TES_NP1 or_CC momentarily_RR consumed/sold_VVN in_II another_DD1 H-MG/upstream_JJ grid_NN1 when_CS MCP_NP1 is_VBZ relatively_RR high_JJ or_CC during_II coalition_NN1 formation_NN1 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 11_MC compares_VVZ the_AT temporal_JJ evolution_NN1 of_IO crack_NN1 openings_NN2 at_II all_DB monitoring_VVG points_NN2 ._. 
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Numerical_JJ models_NN2 with_IW different_JJ conditions_NN2 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) with_IW a_AT1 border_NN1 effect_NN1 ,_, and_CC (_( b_ZZ1 )_) without_IW a_AT1 border_NN1 effect_NN1 ._. 
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With_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 the_AT excess_JJ sludge_NN1 ,_, the_AT residual_JJ MPs_NN2 may_VM move_VVI up_RP into_II the_AT food_NN1 chain_NN1 through_II uptake_NN1 by_II plants_NN2 if_CS the_AT sludge_NN1 is_VBZ composted_VVN and_CC applied_VVN to_II farmlands_NN2 (_( Adeel_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2017_MC ,_, Yu_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2013_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
The_AT preceding_JJ analysis_NN1 ,_, particularly_RR in_II Hong_NP1 Kong_NP1 ,_, revealed_VVD that_CST most_DAT of_IO the_AT investigations_NN2 focus_VV0 on_II the_AT office_NN1 buildings_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
LC3_FO combines_VVZ two_MC widely_RR available_JJ materials_NN2 to_TO substitute_VVI clinker_NN1 :_: calcined_JJ kaolinitic_JJ clays_NN2 and_CC limestone_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 can_VM be_VBI attributed_VVN to_II the_AT elastic_JJ nature_NN1 of_IO GFRP_NP1 bars_NN2 and_CC considered_VVD an_AT1 advantage_NN1 in_II their_APPGE use_NN1 ._. 
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Sedimentary_JJ layered_JJ rocks_NN2 may_VM have_VHI complex_JJ bedding_NN1 structures_NN2 (_( mainly_RR due_II21 to_II22 tectonics_NN2 )_) that_CST can_VM not_XX be_VBI simply_RR represented_VVN as_CSA planar_JJ bedding_NN1 surfaces_NN2 &lsqb;_( 33_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT second_MD highest_JJT contrast_NN1 value_NN1 of_IO 2.182_MC was_VBDZ computed_VVN for_IF the_AT geological_JJ unit_NN1 of_IO the_AT Muzaffarabad_NP1 Formation_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 area_NN1 of_IO 1.90%_FO having_VHG 26%_NNU of_IO the_AT landslides_NN2 ._. 
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Effect_NN1 of_IO Al2O3_FO addition_NN1 on_II the_AT TGA_NN1 weight_NN1 loss_NN1 of_IO Kz-FexAlyoxygen_NP1 carrier_NN1 reduction_NN1 by_II SM_NP1 char_NN1 (_( Al2O3-free_JJ basis_NN1 )_) ._. 
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At_II a_AT1 rail_NN1 speed_NN1 of_IO 350km/h_FU ,_, the_AT corresponding_JJ frequency_NN1 at_II the_AT peak_NN1 FFT_NP1 amplitude_NN1 is_VBZ 3.77_MC and_CC 11.74Hz_FO ,_, respectively_RR for_IF sections_NN2 G3_FO and_CC P._NP1 Although_CS Fig._NN1 7_MC only_RR illustrates_VVZ the_AT results_NN2 obtained_VVN for_IF a_AT1 rail_NN1 speed_NN1 of_IO 350km/h_FU ,_, analyses_VVZ for_IF other_JJ rail_NN1 speeds_NN2 show_VV0 that_CST the_AT frequency_NN1 at_II the_AT peak_NN1 amplitude_NN1 increases_VVZ with_IW the_AT increasing_JJ of_IO the_AT rail_NN1 speed_NN1 in_II the_AT range_NN1 of_IO 160-350km/h_FU ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, ride_VV0 comfort_NN1 has_VHZ attracted_VVN much_DA1 attention_NN1 over_II the_AT past_JJ two_MC decades_NNT2 ._. 
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Another_DD1 deep_JJ excavation_NN1 project_NN1 was_VBDZ selected_VVN as_II an_AT1 independent_JJ study_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT substitution_NN1 of_IO the_AT vertical_JJ displacement_NN1 at_II limit_NN1 equilibrium_NN1 yields_VVZ the_AT clamping_JJ forces_NN2 at_II limit_NN1 equilibrium_NN1 ,_, and_CC not_XX those_DD2 at_II a_AT1 different_JJ loading_NN1 level_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT influence_NN1 of_IO the_AT vertical_JJ interaction_NN1 can_VM be_VBI ignored_VVN ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 &lsqb;_( 41_MC &rsqb;_) ;_; purposive_JJ sampling_NN1 techniques_NN2 are_VBR often_RR used_VVN when_CS the_AT researcher_NN1 wants_VVZ to_TO select_VVI a_AT1 purposive_JJ sample_NN1 representing_VVG a_AT1 broader_JJR group_NN1 of_IO cases_NN2 as_RG closely_RR as_CSA possible_JJ ,_, or_CC to_TO set_VVI up_RP comparisons_NN2 between_II different_JJ types_NN2 of_IO cases_NN2 on_II a_AT1 certain_JJ dimension_NN1 of_IO interest_NN1 ._. 
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Strain_VV0 field_NN1 in_II the_AT fiber_NN1 network_NN1 of_IO 27_MC g/m2_FU ,_, shown_VVN for_IF two_MC cases_NN2 :_: a_ZZ1 )_) constant_JJ bond_NN1 strength_NN1 ,_, and_CC b_ZZ1 )_) varied_JJ bond_NN1 strength_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT l-shaped_JJ Gamma_NN1 distribution_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT uncertainty_NN1 presented_VVN in_II this_DD1 definition_NN1 is_VBZ that_CST this_DD1 does_VDZ not_XX consider_VVI the_AT specific_JJ balance_NN1 between_II passive_JJ building_NN1 design_NN1 ,_, renewable_JJ energy_NN1 technologies_NN2 and_CC the_AT building_NN1 operator_NN1 or_CC management_NN1 behaviour_NN1 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO facilitate_VVI the_AT determination_NN1 of_IO DO_VD0 ,_, the_AT temperature_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 bath_NN1 was_VBDZ adjusted_VVN to_II 4_MC °C_NNU and_CC the_AT current_JJ density_NN1 was_VBDZ changed_VVN to_II 10_MC A_ZZ1 m2_FO ._. 
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Then_RT ,_, on_II the_AT basis_NN1 of_IO the_AT successful_JJ verification_NN1 with_IW an_AT1 experimental_JJ study_NN1 on_II a_AT1 clip-bolt-type_JJ connection_NN1 ,_, or_CC anchorage_NN1 ,_, using_VVG the_AT FEM_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 structural_JJ capacity_NN1 model_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, the_AT ultimate_JJ resistance_NN1 envelope_NN1 )_) for_IF the_AT clip-bolt-connection_JJ model_NN1 was_VBDZ proposed_VVN ._. 
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One_MC1 programmatic_JJ element_NN1 that_CST supports_VVZ a_AT1 theory_NN1 of_IO compromise_NN1 was_VBDZ the_AT National_JJ Disaster_NN1 Resilience_NP1 Competition_NN1 (_( NDRC_NP1 )_) ,_, which_DDQ reallocated_VVD Community_NN1 Development_NN1 Block_NN1 Grant_NP1 Disaster_NN1 Recovery_NN1 dollars_NNU2 to_II both_DB2 Democratic_JJ and_CC Republican_NN1 states_VVZ in_II the_AT years_NNT2 following_RA Sandy_NP1 ._. 
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FAs_NP2 have_VH0 high_RR specific_JJ heat_NN1 capacity_NN1 (_( 1.9-2.1_MCMC J/g_ZZ1 °C_NNU )_) compare_VV0 to_II other_JJ organic_JJ PCMs_NP1 ,_, have_VH0 better_RRR latent_JJ heat_NN1 of_IO transition_NN1 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 very_RG small_JJ volume_NN1 change_NN1 ,_, mostly_RR no_AT supercooling_NN1 ,_, non-toxic_JJ ,_, producible_JJ from_II renewable_JJ resources_NN2 &lsqb;_( 11_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 12_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 14_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT design_NN1 of_IO the_AT HANDTool_NN1 was_VBDZ divided_VVN into_II three_MC parts_NN2 :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) input_NN1 DEM_FW and_CC topo-hydrological_JJ computations_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ contains_VVZ all_DB the_AT code_NN1 that_CST introduces_VVZ the_AT DEM_FW (_( in_II raster_NN1 format_NN1 )_) and_CC the_AT correct_JJ identification_NN1 of_IO the_AT stream_NN1 network_NN1 ,_, and_CC (_( 2_MC )_) selection_NN1 of_IO the_AT method_NN1 for_IF determining_JJ CAT_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ contains_VVZ codes_NN2 for_IF manual_NN1 and_CC automatic_JJ procedures_NN2 ,_, and_CC (_( 3_MC )_) output_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ contains_VVZ codes_NN2 that_CST generate_VV0 the_AT HAND_NN1 layer_NN1 (_( in_II raster_NN1 format_NN1 )_) along_II21 with_II22 other_JJ supplementary_JJ layers_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 corrected_JJ DEM_FW ,_, flow_NN1 direction_NN1 ,_, flow_NN1 accumulation_NN1 ,_, watersheds_NN2 ,_, and_CC automatically_RR extracted_VVN stream_NN1 network_NN1 (_( if_CS needed_VVN )_) ._. 
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This_DD1 paper_NN1 proposes_VVZ a_AT1 homogeneous_JJ ensemble_NN1 approach_NN1 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, use_NN1 of_IO Random_JJ Forest_NN1 (_( RF_NP1 )_) ,_, for_IF hourly_JJ building_NN1 energy_NN1 prediction_NN1 ._. 
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Composite_JJ material_NN1 repairing_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN adopted_VVN as_II the_AT preferred_JJ method_NN1 for_IF improving_VVG the_AT fatigue_NN1 performance_NN1 of_IO cracked_JJ metallic_JJ structures_NN2 as_II a_AT1 result_NN1 of_IO its_APPGE superiority_NN1 over_II traditional_JJ mechanical_JJ repairs_NN2 (_( Baker_NP1 1999_MC ;_; Teng_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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2012_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II the_AT hardening_NN1 stage_NN1 ,_, shear_VV0 resistance_NN1 is_VBZ provided_VVN by_II bolt_NN1 elastic_NN1 flexure_NN1 and_CC shear_VV0 deformation_NN1 ._. 
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Convergence_NN1 studies_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN carried_VVN out_RP to_TO ensure_VVI the_AT adequacy_NN1 of_IO both_DB2 spatial_JJ and_CC temporal_JJ discretization_NN1 in_II the_AT DNS_NP2 ._. 
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<s>
As_CSA discussed_VVN earlier_RRR ,_, in_II the_AT wet_JJ model_NN1 there_EX is_VBZ one_MC1 more_DAR force_NN1 source_NN1 than_CSN the_AT dry_JJ sample_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ is_VBZ induced_VVN by_II the_AT fluid-particle_JJ interactions_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 situation_NN1 may_VM arise_VVI in_II various_JJ engineering_NN1 systems_NN2 that_CST experience_VV0 a_AT1 marked_JJ increase_NN1 in_II effective_JJ stress_NN1 ,_, from_II compacted_JJ fills_VVZ to_II production_NN1 wells_NN2 subjected_VVN to_II high_JJ depressurization_NN1 ._. 
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Time-history_NN1 and_CC time-frequency_JJ response_NN1 of_IO the_AT foundation_NN1 rocking_VVG for_IF Model_NN1 111_MC (_( H/B_ZZ1 =_FO 0.28_MC )_) and_CC Model_NN1 115_MC (_( H/B_ZZ1 =_FO 2.28_MC )_) under_II ground_NN1 motion_NN1 #118_NNU ._. 
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This_DD1 is_VBZ consistent_JJ with_IW the_AT experimental_JJ results_NN2 ._. 
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There_EX is_VBZ some_DD debate_NN1 about_II whether_CSW conventional_JJ batching_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT most_RGT suitable_JJ method_NN1 ,_, whether_CSW micro-batching_VVG is_VBZ more_RGR appropriate_JJ ,_, and_CC whether_CSW instantaneous_JJ mixing_NN1 at_II the_AT deposition_NN1 head_NN1 could_VM be_VBI developed_VVN to_TO alleviate_VVI these_DD2 issues_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
Further_JJR research_NN1 using_VVG the_AT BayPrep_NN1 model_NN1 to_TO evaluate_VVI preparedness_NN1 in_II CBOs_NN2 in_II different_JJ regions_NN2 may_VM yield_VVI a_AT1 broader_JJR and_CC more_RGR representative_JJ sample_NN1 of_IO where_RRQ nonprofit_JJ organizations_NN2 fall_VV0 along_RP the_AT preparedness_NN1 continuum_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT B_NP1 square_NN1 is_VBZ an_AT1 oxygen_NN1 carrier_NN1 particle_NN1 with_IW the_AT main_JJ compositions_NN2 of_IO Fe_NP1 ,_, O_ZZ1 and_CC Mg_FO ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 paper_NN1 ,_, the_AT number_NN1 of_IO nodes_NN2 were_VBDR selected_VVN by_II trial_NN1 and_CC error_NN1 &lsqb;_( 49_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Extremely_RR strong_JJ negative_JJ stiffness_NN1 may_VM endanger_VVI structural_JJ stability_NN1 ._. 
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Flexural_JJ strengths_NN2 measured_VVN in_II longitudinal_JJ and_CC lateral_JJ directions_NN2 also_RR showed_VVD orthotropic_JJ behavior_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
The_AT average_JJ initial_JJ porosity_NN1 was_VBDZ reported_VVN by_II the_AT authors_NN2 as_CSA 10.4%_FO ,_, allowing_VVG for_IF the_AT model_NN1 predictions_NN2 of_IO the_AT proportionality_NN1 factor_NN1 at_II each_DD1 confining_JJ pressure_NN1 to_TO be_VBI calculated_VVN ._. 
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<s>
This_DD1 confirms_VVZ that_CST the_AT CC_NP1 method_NN1 underestimates_VVZ the_AT concrete_JJ cone_NN1 breakout_NN1 resistance_NN1 of_IO headed_JJ anchors_NN2 in_II RC_NP1 members_NN2 ,_, whereas_CS the_AT proposed_JJ model_NN1 &lsqb;_( Eq_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
(_( 4a_FO )_) &rsqb;_) more_RGR accurately_RR predicts_VVZ the_AT tensile_JJ breakout_NN1 resistance_NN1 in_II RC_NP1 members_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT tensile_JJ strain_NN1 is_VBZ 13.6%_FO when_RRQ crack_NN1 4_MC appears_VVZ ._. 
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<s>
In_RR21 particular_RR22 ,_, the_AT small-scale_JJ turbulence_NN1 modifies_VVZ the_AT position_NN1 of_IO the_AT separation_NN1 point_NN1 ,_, thus_RR producing_VVG an_AT1 effect_NN1 on_II the_AT aerodynamic_JJ force_NN1 coefficients_NN2 (_( Zdravkovich_NP1 1997_MC )_) ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_CST the_AT tube_NN1 rupture_NN1 strain_NN1 of_IO these_DD2 specimens_NN2 is_VBZ about_RG 25%_NNU higher_JJR than_CSN the_AT rupture_NN1 strain_NN1 obtained_VVN from_II the_AT split-disk_JJ test_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ can_VM explain_VVI the_AT under-estimation_NN1 of_IO the_AT ultimate_JJ condition_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, T20_FO shows_VVZ comparable_JJ average_JJ crack_NN1 width_NN1 to_II P05U15_FO ._. 
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The_AT latter_DA two_MC terms_NN2 can_VM effectively_RR prevent_VVI the_AT unexpected_JJ frequency_NN1 jumps_VVZ which_DDQ lead_VV0 to_II the_AT extracted_JJ T-F_NN1 curve_NN1 more_RGR accurately_RR represents_VVZ the_AT ridge_NN1 in_II the_AT TFR_NP1 ._. 
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In_II each_DD1 setup_NN1 ,_, the_AT sampling_NN1 frequency_NN1 was_VBDZ set_VVN at_II a_AT1 relatively_RR high_JJ value_NN1 of_IO 2,048Hz_FO ,_, and_CC it_PPH1 should_VM be_VBI noted_VVN that_CST the_AT measured_JJ data_NN could_VM be_VBI resampled_VVN in_II the_AT modal_JJ identification_NN1 process_NN1 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, only_RR four_MC layers_NN2 of_IO flexural_JJ strengthening_NN1 were_VBDR used_VVN in_II RT-A-sw_NP1 (_( two_MC 500-mm-wide_JJ sheets_NN2 )_) due_II21 to_II22 the_AT weakening_JJ of_IO the_AT slab_NN1 ._. 
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Notwithstanding_II the_AT limitations_NN2 of_IO the_AT tests_NN2 ,_, the_AT research_NN1 team_NN1 expects_VVZ the_AT primary_JJ response_NN1 mechanisms_NN2 observed_VVN during_II the_AT testing_NN1 program_NN1 to_TO be_VBI relevant_JJ to_II a_AT1 wide_JJ range_NN1 of_IO structures_NN2 employing_VVG composite_JJ floor_NN1 slabs_NN2 and_CC steel_NN1 gravity-framed_NN1 construction_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Comparison_NN1 of_IO CSM_NP1 and_CC EN_FW 1993-1-1_MCMC resistance_NN1 predictions_NN2 with_IW FE/test_FU data_NN for_IF I-sections_NN2 in_II compression_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Thus_RR depending_VVG upon_II the_AT application_NN1 and_CC strength_NN1 requirements_NN2 of_IO the_AT FRC_NP1 the_AT use_NN1 of_IO synthetic_JJ fibres_NN2 has_VHZ to_TO be_VBI either_RR reduced_VVN partially_RR or_CC fully_RR with_IW natural_JJ fibres_NN2 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, the_AT existing_JJ gaps_NN2 in_II the_AT research_NN1 works_VVZ on_II phase_NN1 change_NN1 materials_NN2 used_VVN in_II building_NN1 are_VBR identified_VVN ,_, and_CC recommendations_NN2 are_VBR offered_VVN as_CSA per_II the_AT viewpoint_NN1 of_IO the_AT present_JJ authors_NN2 ._. 
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<s>
In_RP contrary_II21 to_II22 former_DA experiments_NN2 where_RRQ linear_JJ arrays_NN2 were_VBDR used_VVN ,_, a_AT1 two-dimensional_JJ array_NN1 distribution_NN1 was_VBDZ implemented_VVN on_II the_AT fuselage_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 aircraft_NN ._. 
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The_AT forecasting_VVG accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT proposed_JJ model_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN compared_VVN with_IW other_JJ seven_MC forecasting_VVG strategies_NN2 and_CC reveals_VVZ outperformed_JJ performance_NN1 with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 forecasting_VVG accuracy_NN1 improvement_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 wish_VV0 to_TO thank_VVI Rfix_NN1 S.p.A_NN1 ._. 
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for_IF financial_JJ support_NN1 ._. 
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Second_MD ,_, FDW_NP1 assumes_VVZ that_CST the_AT depth-damage_JJ curve_NN1 captures_VVZ first-floor_NN1 height_NN1 and_CC that_CST the_AT cadastral_JJ data_NN contain_VV0 no_AT information_NN1 on_II first-floor_NN1 height_NN1 because_CS this_DD1 is_VBZ not_XX typically_RR available_JJ in_II cadastral_JJ data_NN sets_NN2 ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, each_DD1 column_NN1 was_VBDZ fixed_VVN into_II a_AT1 heavy_JJ RC_NP1 footing_VVG that_DD1 was_VBDZ 2,100_MC mm_NNU in_II length_NN1 ,_, 500_MC mm_NNU in_II width_NN1 ,_, and_CC 600_MC mm_NNU in_II height_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Failure_NN1 of_IO the_AT arch_NN1 is_VBZ detected_VVN when_CS a_AT1 further_JJR tensile_JJ force_NN1 in_II a_AT1 link_NN1 is_VBZ found_VVN in_II an_AT1 interface_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ means_VVZ that_CST the_AT interface_NN1 becomes_VVZ a_AT1 hinge_NN1 ,_, and_CC an_AT1 admissible_JJ equilibrium_NN1 is_VBZ no_AT more_RGR possible_JJ ._. 
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<s>
Because_CS thermal_JJ insulation_NN1 and_CC window_NN1 systems_NN2 are_VBR key_JJ components_NN2 of_IO building_NN1 envelope_NN1 and_CC have_VH0 a_AT1 strong_JJ presence_NN1 in_II operational_JJ energy-efficient_JJ strategies_NN2 ,_, here_RL we_PPIS2 study_VV0 their_APPGE EE_UH in_II more_DAR detail_NN1 ._. 
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From_II the_AT convergence_NN1 curve_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ obvious_JJ that_CST MFA_NP1 can_VM converge_VVI in_RP very_RG few_DA2 iterations_NN2 while_CS ABC_NP1 starts_VVZ to_TO converge_VVI after_II many_DA2 iterations_NN2 ._. 
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Aims_NN2 of_IO the_AT present_JJ study_NN1 are_VBR to_TO develop_VVI an_AT1 updated_JJ landslide_NN1 inventory_NN1 map_NN1 ,_, evaluate_VV0 the_AT impact_NN1 of_IO landslide_NN1 causative_JJ factors_NN2 on_II spatial_JJ distribution_NN1 of_IO landslides_NN2 ,_, and_CC to_TO develop_VVI a_AT1 landslide_NN1 susceptibility_NN1 map_NN1 using_VVG the_AT WofE_NP1 model_NN1 ._. 
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Water_NN1 dissociation_NN1 at_II BDD_NP1 anode_NN1 surface_NN1 can_VM produce_VVI oxygen_NN1 and_CC HO_NP1 ._. 
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The_AT open_JJ triangles_NN2 correspond_VV0 to_II hydraulic_JJ conductivity_NN1 values_NN2 measured_VVN at_II different_JJ void_JJ ratios_NN2 and_CC corrected_VVN for_IF void_JJ ratio_NN1 =_FO 1.0_MC ._. 
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However_RR ,_, more_DAR information_NN1 on_II the_AT ML-Poly_JJ forecaster_NN1 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN in_II &lsqb;_( 32_MC &rsqb;_) and_CC &lsqb;_( 34_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT same_DA trend_NN1 regarding_II the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO throughthickness_NN1 gap_NN1 was_VBDZ reported_VVN by_II Bozkurt_NP1 and_CC Topkaya.33_FO For_IF this_DD1 specimen_NN1 ,_, bolt_NN1 tension_NN1 failure_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 higher_JJR normal_JJ thrust_NN1 was_VBDZ expected_VVN at_II the_AT design_NN1 stage_NN1 ,_, but_CCB this_DD1 response_NN1 was_VBDZ not_XX observed_VVN likely_JJ because_II21 of_II22 the_AT actual_JJ bolt_NN1 strength_NN1 was_VBDZ higher_JJR that_CST the_AT anticipated_JJ tension_NN1 demand_NN1 (_( 150_MC vs_II 113_MC kN_NNU )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, the_AT dynamic_JJ failure_NN1 process_NN1 and_CC the_AT failure_NN1 evolution_NN1 of_IO the_AT specimens_NN2 were_VBDR captured_VVN by_II a_AT1 high-speed_JJ camera_NN1 (_( FASTCAM_NP1 SA_NP1 1.1_MC )_) ._. 
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Notably_RR ,_, at_II drifts_NN2 larger_JJR than_CSN 4%_NNU ,_, steel_NN1 columns_NN2 subjected_VVN to_II a_AT1 collapse-consistent_JJ loading_NN1 protocol_NN1 shortened_VVD five_MC times_NNT2 less_RRR than_CSN those_DD2 subjected_VVN to_II a_AT1 symmetric_JJ loading_NN1 protocol_NN1 ._. 
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Enzymatic_JJ methods_NN2 are_VBR expensive_JJ and_CC when_RRQ biofuel_NN1 production_NN1 is_VBZ concerned_JJ ,_, cost_NN1 efficiency_NN1 is_VBZ imperative_JJ ._. 
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The_AT mean_JJ PCE_NN1 for_IF devises_VVZ containing_VVG 0.33_MC ,_, 0.5_MC ,_, and_CC 1%_NNU copper_NN1 dendrite_NN1 were_VBDR 6.02_MC ,_, 7.15_MC ,_, and_CC 5.5%_FO ,_, respectively_RR ,_, while_CS the_AT mean_JJ PCE_NN1 for_IF reference_NN1 cells_NN2 was_VBDZ 8%_NNU ._. 
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<s>
Vision_NN1 sensor_NN1 systems_NN2 can_VM also_RR be_VBI used_VVN for_IF real-time_JJ tracking_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 levels_NN2 without_IW disturbing_VVG the_AT water_NN1 flow_NN1 ._. 
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In_II larger-scale_JJ ducts_NN2 (_( and_CC tunnels_NN2 )_) ,_, stratification_NN1 is_VBZ much_RR more_RGR likely_JJ to_TO occur_VVI as_II the_AT temperature_NN1 variation_NN1 of_IO the_AT gases_NN2 within_RL is_VBZ greater_JJR ._. 
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Similar_JJ corrosion_NN1 products_NN2 were_VBDR observed_VVN at_II 35°C_NNU ,_, 6MPa_FO ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, the_AT point_NN1 corresponding_VVG to_II the_AT analysis_NN1 step_NN1 at_II which_DDQ all_DB the_AT dampers_NN2 yielded_VVN is_VBZ also_RR shown_VVN in_II Figure_NN1 10_MC ._. 
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Considering_CS the_AT weather_NN1 conditions_NN2 ,_, WBGT_NP1 values_NN2 of_IO the_AT permeable_JJ pavements_NN2 were_VBDR not_XX high_JJ and_CC did_VDD not_XX exceed_VVI the_AT warning_NN1 line_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
It_PPH1 is_VBZ shown_VVN that_CST the_AT numerical_JJ result_NN1 matches_VVZ well_RR with_IW the_AT experimental_JJ data_NN at_II the_AT lower_JJR wind_NN1 speed_NN1 of_IO the_AT lock-in_NN1 region_NN1 ,_, and_CC however_RRQV the_AT error_NN1 between_II experimental_JJ and_CC numerical_JJ results_NN2 at_II the_AT higher_JJR wind_NN1 speed_NN1 of_IO the_AT lock-in_NN1 region_NN1 become_VV0 greater_JJR and_CC greater_JJR ._. 
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In_II the_AT longer_JJR term_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 marriage_NN1 of_IO fundamental_JJ fire_NN1 propagation_NN1 mechanics_NN2 with_IW empirically_RR derived_VVN sub-modelling_NN1 producing_VVG hybrid_JJ fire_NN1 spread_NN1 models_NN2 (_( Sullivan_NP1 ,_, 2009a_FO )_) could_VM achieve_VVI mutual_JJ satisfaction_NN1 for_IF all_DB concerned_JJ ._. 
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<s>
The_AT mobile_JJ phase_NN1 consisted_VVD Milli-Q_NP1 water_NN1 (_( A_ZZ1 )_) and_CC acetonitrile_NN1 (_( B_ZZ1 )_) ,_, each_DD1 containing_VVG 0.1%_FO of_IO formic_JJ acid_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 research_NN1 was_VBDZ supported_VVN by_II the_AT Natural_JJ Science_NN1 Foundation_NN1 of_IO Shandong_NP1 Province_NN1 ,_, China_NP1 (_( No._NN1 :_: ZR2017BEE004_FO )_) ,_, the_AT Open_JJ Fund_NN1 of_IO the_AT National_JJ Engineering_NN1 Technology_NN1 and_CC Research_NN1 Center_NN1 for_IF Prefabrication_NN1 Constructions_NN2 in_II Civil_JJ Engineering_NN1 and_CC the_AT Special_JJ Fund_NN1 of_IO Prof._NNB Zuyan_NP1 Shen_FW (_( No._NN1 :_: 2014CPCCE-K03_JJ )_) ,_, the_AT Fundamental_JJ Research_NN1 Funds_NN2 of_IO Shandong_NP1 University_NN1 (_( No._NN1 :_: 2016_MC HW011_FO )_) ,_, the_AT National_JJ Natural_JJ Science_NN1 Foundation_NN1 of_IO China_NP1 under_II Awards_NN2 No._NN1 51578324_MC and_CC 51778348_MC ,_, and_CC the_AT Recruitment_NN1 Program_NN1 of_IO Global_JJ Youth_NN1 Expert_NN1 ._. 
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Despite_II these_DD2 limitations_NN2 ,_, the_AT software_NN1 function_NN1 and_CC uncertainty_NN1 analysis_NN1 presented_VVN in_II this_DD1 work_NN1 provide_VV0 investigators_NN2 with_IW readily_RR accessible_JJ tools_NN2 to_TO begin_VVI to_TO standardize_VVI the_AT evaluation_NN1 of_IO uncertainty_NN1 in_II network_NN1 flow_NN1 models_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 planetary_JJ type_NN1 ,_, vertical_JJ axis_NN1 ,_, speed_VV0 adjustable_JJ mixer_NN1 with_IW two_MC speed_NN1 grades_NN2 was_VBDZ utilized_VVN ._. 
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In_RR21 general_RR22 ,_, there_EX are_VBR four_MC critical_JJ sections_NN2 that_CST need_VV0 to_TO be_VBI considered_VVN under_II impact_NN1 events_NN2 ._. 
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These_DD2 photos_NN2 are_VBR then_RT displayed_VVN to_II the_AT user_NN1 in_II the_AT output_NN1 page_NN1 ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO characterize_VVI the_AT downward_JJ progression_NN1 of_IO the_AT fingers_NN2 ,_, the_AT vertical_JJ length_NN1 of_IO the_AT mixing_NN1 zone_NN1 is_VBZ measured_VVN in_II the_AT course_NN1 of_IO time_NNT1 until_CS fingers_NN2 reach_VV0 the_AT bottom_NN1 of_IO the_AT field_NN1 of_IO view_NN1 ._. 
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In_II principle_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ possible_JJ to_TO consider_VVI the_AT case_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 healing_JJ material_NN1 that_CST has_VHZ a_AT1 higher_JJR strength_NN1 ,_, but_CCB in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO study_VVI that_DD1 situation_NN1 ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ more_RGR relevant_JJ to_TO carry_VVI out_RP an_AT1 analysis_NN1 with_IW more_DAR than_CSN one_MC1 cohesive_JJ element_NN1 where_CS a_AT1 secondary_JJ crack_NN1 is_VBZ allowed_VVN to_TO initiate_VVI elsewhere_RL ._. 
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STS_NP2 is_VBZ a_AT1 modular_JJ data_NN acquisition_NN1 system_NN1 manufactured_VVN by_II Bridge_NN1 Diagnostics_NN1 ,_, Inc_JJ ._. 
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(_( BDI_NP1 )_) of_IO Boulder_NP1 ,_, Colorado_NP1 ._. 
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For_IF the_AT isolated_JJ intermediate_JJ steel_NN1 moment_NN1 frame_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 reduction_NN1 factor_NN1 of_IO RI=1.was_FO used_VVN ,_, resulting_VVG in_II a_AT1 design_NN1 shear_VV0 of_IO 0.087_MC times_NNT2 the_AT seismic_JJ weight_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 was_VBDZ achieved_VVN by_II milling_VVG the_AT sample_NN1 with_IW the_AT ion_NN1 beam_NN1 ,_, starting_VVG at_II 1_MC1 nA_FW with_IW the_AT sample_NN1 tilted_VVN 0.7°_FO either_DD1 side_NN1 of_IO 52°_NNU ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, on_II the_AT basis_NN1 of_IO the_AT above_JJ analyses_NN2 ,_, it_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI concluded_VVN that_CST the_AT developed_JJ hybrid_JJ model_NN1 possesses_VVZ a_AT1 more_RGR accurate_JJ forecasting_VVG ability_NN1 than_CSN the_AT other_JJ models_NN2 and_CC the_AT level_NN1 of_IO accuracy_NN1 of_IO the_AT hybrid_JJ model_NN1 is_VBZ different_JJ from_II that_DD1 of_IO the_AT GRNN_NP1 ,_, BPNN_NP1 ,_, LSSVM_NP1 ,_, CS-BPNN_NP1 ,_, WOA-LSSVM_NN1 ,_, EMD-WOA-LSSVM_NP1 and_CC EEMD-WOA-LSSVM_NP1 ._. 
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Evolution_NN1 of_IO storage_NN1 modulus_NN1 with_IW different_JJ pre-shear_VV0 durations_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 study_NN1 ends_VVZ with_IW a_AT1 parametric_JJ study_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT impact_NN1 of_IO groundwater_NN1 on_II caving_NN1 is_VBZ thus_RR not_XX incorporated_VVN into_II the_AT model_NN1 ,_, but_CCB recommended_VVD for_IF separate_JJ investigations_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT interaction_NN1 is_VBZ affected_VVN by_II numerous_JJ factors_NN2 :_: strength_NN1 of_IO the_AT TBL_NP1 ,_, metabolic_JJ rate_NN1 and_CC activities_NN2 of_IO the_AT person_NN1 ,_, PV_NN1 flow_NN1 rate_NN1 ,_, direction_NN1 ,_, temperature_NN1 and_CC turbulence_NN1 intensity_NN1 ,_, etc_RA ._. 
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At_II higher_JJR 2_MC θ_NULL angles_NN2 ,_, peaks_NN2 from_II Ka2_FO were_VBDR observed_VVN as_II a_AT1 doublet_NN1 peak_NN1 ._. 
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China_NP1 had_VHD an_AT1 estimated_JJ 100,000_MC modern_JJ biogas_NN2 plants_NN2 and_CC 43_MC million_NNO residential-scale_JJ digesters_NN2 in_II 2014_MC ,_, generating_VVG about_RG 15_MC billion_NNO m3_FO of_IO biogas_NN2 ,_, equivalent_JJ to_II 9_MC billion_NNO m3_FO biomethane_NN1 (_( 324TJ_FO primary_JJ energy_NN1 )_) ._. 
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Axial_JJ strain_NN1 of_IO the_AT upper_JJ surface_NN1 on_II the_AT pipeline_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 middle_JJ part_NN1 is_VBZ negative_JJ strain_NN1 ,_, while_CS the_AT lower_JJR surface_NN1 is_VBZ positive_JJ strain_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT length_NN1 of_IO the_AT whole_JJ system_NN1 from_II the_AT hydrometric_JJ station_NN1 on_II the_AT South_NP1 Saskatchewan_JJ River_NN1 near_II Medicine_NN1 Hat_NN1 to_II the_AT dams_NN2 plus_II the_AT distance_NN1 from_II the_AT Bindloss_NP1 station_NN1 at_II Red_JJ Deer_NP1 River_NNL1 to_II the_AT confluence_NN1 is_VBZ 602km_NNU ._. 
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In_II the_AT most_RGT advantageous_JJ case_NN1 ,_, only_RR an_AT1 initial_JJ independent_JJ strength_NN1 measurement_NN1 ,_, for_REX21 example_REX22 with_IW a_AT1 penetrometer_NN1 could_VM be_VBI used_VVN ,_, provided_CS once_RR21 again_RR22 that_CST the_AT critical_JJ deformation_NN1 does_VDZ not_XX evolve_VVI with_IW time_NNT1 ._. 
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These_DD2 various_JJ programs_NN2 are_VBR generally_RR implemented_VVN through_II energy_NN1 service_NN1 companies_NN2 (_( ESCO_NP1 )_) whose_DDQGE annual_JJ revenues_NN2 were_VBDR evaluated_VVN at_II around_RG $7_NNU billion_NNO ,_, with_IW roughly_RR 75_MC percent_NNU of_IO those_DD2 revenues_NN2 associated_VVN with_IW energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 projects_NN2 &lsqb;_( 38_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Note_VV0 :_: ***_FO ,_, **_FU and_CC *_FU denote_VV0 the_AT statistical_JJ significance_NN1 at_II 1%_NNU ,_, 5%_NNU and_CC 10%_NNU levels_NN2 ._. 
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They_PPHS2 found_VVD that_CST about_RG 50%_NNU of_IO the_AT landslides_NN2 occurred_VVD during_II filling_VVG operations_NN2 and_CC about_RG 30%_NNU occurred_VVD during_II drawdown_NN1 operations_NN2 ._. 
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To_TO explore_VVI the_AT effect_NN1 of_IO the_AT window_NN1 size_NN1 ,_, the_AT forecasting_VVG is_VBZ pursued_VVN by_II using_VVG different_JJ window_NN1 lengths_NN2 ._. 
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Finally_RR ,_, 260_MC asphalt_NN1 mastic_NN1 beams_NN2 were_VBDR manufactured_VVN in_II this_DD1 research_NN1 ,_, with_IW and_CC without_RR ,_, capsules_NN2 ._. 
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Interestingly_RR ,_, the_AT cracking_JJ damage_NN1 of_IO the_AT segments_NN2 and_CC joint_JJ bolts_NN2 at_II the_AT rear_NN1 of_IO the_AT impact_NN1 region_NN1 seem_VV0 to_TO be_VBI more_RGR severe_JJ than_CSN those_DD2 occurring_VVG at_II the_AT front_NN1 with_II31 respect_II32 to_II33 the_AT direction_NN1 of_IO train_NN1 travel_NN1 ._. 
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Eventually_RR ,_, there_EX are_VBR (_( 4+2_FO )_) ×1000×5=30_FO 000_MC runs_NN2 for_IF each_DD1 value_NN1 of_IO 1_MC1 ._. 
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To_TO determine_VVI the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO reacted_VVN metakaolin_NN1 ,_, calculations_NN2 are_VBR made_VVN at_II steps_NN2 of_IO 1%_NNU metakaolin_NN1 reaction_NN1 and_CC then_RT plotted_VVN against_II the_AT amount_NN1 of_IO portlandite_NN1 ._. 
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Comparing_VVG Fig._NN1 24_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 25_MC ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ found_VVN that_CST except_CS the_AT process_NN1 of_IO after_II the_AT construction_NN1 of_IO invert_NN1 the_AT rate_NN1 of_IO every_AT1 process_NN1 under_RG two_MC different_JJ construction_NN1 scheme_NN1 conditions_NN2 is_VBZ nearly_RR the_AT same_DA ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 describe_VV0 these_DD2 Level_JJ 2_MC data_NN sets_VVZ subsequently_RR in_II the_AT "_" Method_NN1 of_IO Comparison_NN1 "_" section_NN1 ._. 
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According_II21 to_II22 the_AT GPDEM_NN1 ,_, the_AT stochastic_JJ seismic_JJ response_NN1 analysis_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 242-m_JJ CFRD_NP1 is_VBZ translated_VVN into_II a_AT1 series_NN of_IO deterministic_JJ dynamic_JJ calculations_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT different_JJ combination_NN1 of_IO t_ZZ1 and_CC β_NULL t_ZZ1 also_RR results_VVZ in_II a_AT1 different_JJ behavior_NN1 in_II31 terms_II32 of_II33 amplitude_NN1 ._. 
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Both_RR experimental_JJ tests_NN2 and_CC numerical_JJ simulations_NN2 have_VH0 been_VBN conducted_VVN to_TO better_RRR understand_VVI tsunami_NN2 wave_VV0 loading_NN1 of_IO bridges_NN2 ._. 
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In_II Equation_NN1 2a_FO ,_, the_AT parameter_NN1 ap_NN1 is_VBZ essentially_RR the_AT ratio_NN1 of_IO the_AT PCA_NN1 to_II the_AT peak_NN1 floor_NN1 acceleration_NN1 (_( ie_REX ,_, PCA/PFA_NP1 )_) for_IF an_AT1 elastic_JJ NSC_NP1 ._. 
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By_II plotting_VVG the_AT maximum_JJ resistance_NN1 of_IO each_DD1 static_JJ and_CC dynamic_JJ test_NN1 specimen_NN1 ,_, an_AT1 average_JJ dynamic_JJ increase_NN1 factor_NN1 (_( DIF_NP1 )_) of_IO 1.28_MC can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN ,_, with_IW a_AT1 COV_NP1 of_IO 0.06_MC ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 13_MC ._. 
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The_AT introduction_NN1 of_IO the_AT prestressing_JJ technique_NN1 can_VM further_RRR promote_VVI crack_NN1 closure_NN1 and_CC decrease_VVI crack_NN1 propagation_NN1 ._. 
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Arguments_NN2 that_CST have_VH0 been_VBN made_VVN to_TO justify_VVI physically_RR the_AT use_NN1 of_IO tangentstiffness_NN1 damping_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ should_VM also_RR apply_VVI to_II elastic_JJ velocity_NN1 damping_NN1 ,_, do_VD0 not_XX stand_VVI up_II21 to_II22 scrutiny_NN1 ._. 
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Table_NN1 9_MC summarizes_VVZ the_AT average_JJ computation_NN1 time_NNT1 for_IF RT_NP1 ,_, SVR_NP1 ,_, and_CC RF_NP1 as_CSA developed_VVN in_II Module_NN1 1_MC1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 was_VBDZ demonstrated_VVN to_TO be_VBI ideally_RR suited_VVN to_II the_AT rear_JJ passivation_NN1 of_IO PERC_NP1 solar_JJ cells_NN2 ,_, as_CSA the_AT above-mentioned_JJ parasitic_JJ shunting_NN1 is_VBZ completely_RR absent_JJ -_- thanks_NN2 to_II the_AT fixed_JJ negative_JJ charges_NN2 &lsqb;_( 53_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Each_DD1 scheme_NN1 is_VBZ designed_VVN to_TO meet_VVI a_AT1 distinct_JJ retrofit_NN1 objective_NN1 :_: (_( 1_MC1 )_) enhancement_NN1 of_IO the_AT lateral-load_JJ capacity_NN1 ,_, (_( 2_MC )_) enhancement_NN1 of_IO ductility_NN1 ,_, and_CC (_( 3_MC )_) enhancement_NN1 of_IO the_AT lateral-load_JJ capacity_NN1 and_CC ductility_NN1 ,_, as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 changing_VVG the_AT dominant_JJ failure_NN1 mode_NN1 of_IO the_AT joint_JJ from_II a_AT1 column_NN1 hinging_VVG mechanism_NN1 to_II one_PN1 where_CS the_AT plasticity_NN1 is_VBZ mainly_RR concentrated_VVN in_II the_AT beams_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT vertical_JJ displacement_NN1 measurement_NN1 error_NN1 and_CC temperature_NN1 change_NN1 were_VBDR found_VVN to_TO be_VBI in_II a_AT1 linear_JJ relationship_NN1 ,_, whereas_CS horizontal_JJ displacement_NN1 measurement_NN1 and_CC temperature_NN1 change_NN1 were_VBDR more_RGR scattered_JJ ._. 
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Fig._NN1 1_MC1 illustrates_VVZ schematically_RR the_AT set-up_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 cementitious_JJ material_NN1 extrusion_NN1 system_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT piston_NN1 moves_VVZ upwards_RL ,_, the_AT damping_NN1 force_NN1 of_IO the_AT SCD_NP1 increases_VVZ with_IW the_AT displacement_NN1 and_CC then_RT comes_VVZ into_II the_AT yielding_JJ stage_NN1 ._. 
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A_AT1 reduction_NN1 of_IO approximately_RR 35%_NNU of_IO tensile_JJ strength_NN1 was_VBDZ required_VVN to_TO obtain_VVI a_AT1 reasonable_JJ agreement_NN1 between_II these_DD2 2_MC approaches_NN2 ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 study_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 qualitative_JJ analysis_NN1 of_IO thin_JJ sections_NN2 was_VBDZ done_VDN for_IF the_AT presence_NN1 of_IO carbonation_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 consists_VVZ of_IO two_MC main_JJ types_NN2 of_IO data_NN analytics_NN2 ,_, i.e._REX ,_, supervised_VVN and_CC unsupervised_JJ analytics_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT policy_NN1 tree_NN1 concept_NN1 applies_VVZ to_II short-term_JJ management_NN1 of_IO water_NN1 and_CC environmental_JJ systems_NN2 as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 long-term_JJ adaptation_NN1 ;_; in_II future_JJ work_NN1 we_PPIS2 aim_VV0 to_TO show_VVI its_APPGE generality_NN1 in_II applications_NN2 beyond_II reservoir_NN1 control_NN1 ._. 
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U-value_JJ assessment_NN1 with_IW the_AT IRT_NN1 measurement_NN1 ._. 
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For_IF each_DD1 group_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 control_NN1 specimen_NN1 and_CC three_MC corrosion_NN1 levels_NN2 (_( corrosion_NN1 at_II shear_VV0 reinforcement_NN1 only_RR )_) ,_, including_II light_JJ damage_NN1 with_IW approximately_RR 12%_NNU mass_JJ loss_NN1 ,_, moderate_JJ damage_NN1 with_IW approximately_RR 20%_NNU mass_JJ loss_NN1 ,_, and_CC severe_JJ with_IW approximately_RR 40%_NNU mass_JJ loss_NN1 ,_, were_VBDR considered_VVN ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI seen_VVN from_II Table_NN1 7_MC that_CST approximately_RR 90%_NNU of_IO variation_NN1 in_II the_AT strain_NN1 is_VBZ explained_VVN by_II three_MC predictor_NN1 variables_NN2 ,_, namely_REX ,_, h_ZZ1 ,_, cos_CS θ_NULL ,_, and_CC t_ZZ1 ._. 
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The_AT highest_JJT efficiency_NN1 of_IO 22.1%_FO was_VBDZ obtained_VVN for_IF a_AT1 stack_NN1 of_IO an_AT1 ultrathin_NN1 thermally_RR grown_VVN tunnel-SiOx_NP1 (_( 1.2nm_FO )_) plus_II an_AT1 atomic-layer-deposited_NN1 3.0nm_FO thick_JJ TiO2_FO layer_NN1 at_II the_AT cell_NN1 rear_NN1 using_VVG n-type_JJ silicon_NN1 base_NN1 material_NN1 &lsqb;_( 133_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Suarez-Rivera_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2016_MC )_) illustrated_VVD that_DD1 bedding_NN1 interfaces_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 bed_NN1 parallel_NN1 ash_NN1 beds_NN2 ,_, mineralized_VVD veins_NN2 ,_, and_CC slickensides_NN2 ,_, are_VBR regarded_VVN as_II a_AT1 dominant_JJ factor_NN1 in_II limiting_JJ fracture_NN1 height_NN1 growth_NN1 in_II complex_JJ reservoir_NN1 systems_NN2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM be_VBI observed_VVN that_CST there_EX is_VBZ a_AT1 high_JJ level_NN1 of_IO agreement_NN1 between_II the_AT two_MC ._. 
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The_AT steel_NN1 tube_NN1 of_IO the_AT F4-24-E324_NP1 column_NN1 buckled_VVN at_II a_AT1 lateral_JJ drift_NN1 of_IO 3.0%_FO ,_, whereas_CS the_AT steel_NN1 tube_NN1 of_IO the_AT F4-24-P124_NP1 column_NN1 did_VDD not_XX buckle_VVI during_II the_AT test_NN1 ._. 
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When_CS the_AT hillslopes_NN2 become_VV0 stable_JJ ,_, the_AT numerous_JJ tension_NN1 cracks_NN2 on_II the_AT bedrock_NN1 caused_VVN by_II the_AT earthquake_NN1 can_VM also_RR lead_VVI to_II new_JJ landslides_NN2 during_II heavy_JJ rains_NN2 (_( Tang_NN1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2010_MC )_) ,_, leading_VVG to_II intermittent_JJ channel_NN1 bank_NN1 slides_NN2 and_CC providing_VVG source_NN1 materials_NN2 for_IF debris_NN1 flows_VVZ in_II a_AT1 long_JJ period_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 12d_NNU )_) ._. 
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The_AT cause_NN1 of_IO warm-biased_JJ temperatures_NN2 and_CC over-prediction_NN1 of_IO lake_NN1 stability_NN1 when_CS meteorological_JJ observations_NN2 were_VBDR obtained_VVN near_RL or_CC on-lake_NN1 requires_VVZ further_JJR investigation_NN1 (_( Fig._NN1 4_MC )_) ._. 
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Some_DD preliminary_JJ studies_NN2 were_VBDR conducted_VVN by_II Dong_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2016a_FO )_) to_TO investigate_VVI the_AT bond_NN1 durability_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 specific_JJ type_NN1 of_IO SFCB_NP1 with_IW a_AT1 diameter_NN1 of_IO 12.5_MC mm_NNU with_IW sea-sand_JJ concrete_NN1 after_II exposure_NN1 to_II a_AT1 20°C_NNU seawater_NN1 wet-dry_JJ cycling_NN1 environment_NN1 for_IF up_RG21 to_RG22 3_MC months_NNT2 ._. 
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With_IW the_AT aim_NN1 of_IO studying_VVG the_AT mechanical_JJ behavior_NN1 of_IO soils_NN2 subjected_VVN to_II suffusion_NN1 ,_, this_DD1 paper_NN1 introduces_VVZ a_AT1 numerical_JJ model_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT discrete_JJ element_NN1 method_NN1 (_( DEM_FW )_) ._. 
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In_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO examine_VVI joints_NN2 with_IW shallow_JJ ,_, intermediate_JJ and_CC deep_JJ beams_NN2 ,_, the_AT corresponding_JJ beam-to-column_JJ assemblies_NN2 were_VBDR extracted_VVN from_II a_AT1 set_NN1 of_IO structures_NN2 that_CST are_VBR representative_JJ of_IO typical_JJ low-_NN1 and_CC medium-rise_JJ steel_NN1 moment-resisting_NN1 frames_NN2 (_( MRF_NP1 )_) ._. 
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Gibert_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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(_( 2018_MC )_) examine_VV0 the_AT scope_NN1 of_IO the_AT Data_NN Science_NN1 concept_NN1 and_CC provide_VV0 a_AT1 modern_JJ view_NN1 and_CC a_AT1 new_JJ definition_NN1 :_: "_" We_PPIS2 consider_VV0 Data_NN Science_NN1 as_II the_AT multidisciplinary_JJ field_NN1 that_CST combines_VVZ data_NN analysis_NN1 with_IW data_NN processing_NN1 methods_NN2 and_CC domain_NN1 expertise_NN1 ,_, transforming_VVG data_NN into_II understandable_JJ and_CC actionable_JJ knowledge_NN1 relevant_JJ for_IF informed_JJ decision_NN1 making_VVG "_" ._. 
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Thus_RR ,_, it_PPH1 is_VBZ the_AT most_RGT widely_RR used_JJ method_NN1 in_II the_AT solution_NN1 of_IO nonlinear_JJ equations_NN2 because_II21 of_II22 its_APPGE efficiency_NN1 ._. 
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Then_RT ,_, failure_NN1 loads_NN2 observed_VVN at_II tests_NN2 were_VBDR normalized_VVN to_II a_AT1 concrete_JJ cylinder_NN1 compressive_JJ strength_NN1 equivalent_NN1 to_II fc=28MPa_FO using_VVG a_AT1 normalizing_JJ factor_NN1 of_IO (_( 28/fc_FU ,_, test_NN1 )_) 0_MC ._. 
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We_PPIS2 may_VM obtain_VVI accumulation_NN1 of_IO stress_NN1 upon_II closed_JJ strain_NN1 cycles_NN2 (_( or_CC vice_RR21 versa_RR22 )_) despite_II the_AT fact_NN1 that_CST the_AT loop_NN1 starts_VVZ and_CC ends_VVZ at_II a_AT1 reversal_NN1 point_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ observed_VVN that_CST the_AT longitudinal_JJ rib-to-deck_JJ crack_NN1 initiated_VVN from_II the_AT deck-side_JJ weld_NN1 toe_NN1 at_II WJ4_FO in_II Specimen_NN1 1_MC1 ,_, and_CC a_AT1 similar_JJ crack_NN1 initiated_VVN at_II WJ3_FO in_II Specimen_NN1 2_MC ,_, as_CSA shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 6(a)_FO ._. 
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The_AT latter_DA are_VBR positioned_VVN into_II the_AT holes_NN2 of_IO each_DD1 concrete_JJ segment_NN1 and_CC secured_VVN with_IW a_AT1 high_JJ strength_NN1 low-viscosity_JJ cement-based_JJ mortar_NN1 ._. 
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Usually_RR higher_JJR load_NN1 levels_NN2 are_VBR endured_VVN by_II HSC_NP1 columns_NN2 than_CSN NSC_NP1 columns_NN2 of_IO similar_JJ size_NN1 ._. 
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As_II the_AT mining_NN1 depth_NN1 increases_VVZ with_IW the_AT development_NN1 of_IO mining_VVG process_NN1 ,_, the_AT increased_JJ high_JJ stress_NN1 may_VM cause_VVI numerous_JJ seismic_JJ events_NN2 with_IW large_JJ magnitude_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ result_VV0 in_II the_AT frequent_JJ occurrences_NN2 of_IO rockburst_NN1 hazards_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT 3_MC new_JJ towers_NN2 are_VBR horizontally_RR connected_VVN to_II the_AT existing_JJ building_NN1 through_II NLVDs_NP1 in_II the_AT x_ZZ1 and_CC y_ZZ1 directions_NN2 ,_, whose_DDQGE resultant_JJ positions_NN2 are_VBR identified_VVN by_II the_AT 2head_FO arrows_NN2 in_II Figure_NN1 3_MC ._. 
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This_DD1 kind_NN1 of_IO swelling/compaction_FU in_II the_AT coal_NN1 due_II21 to_II22 the_AT heterogeneous_JJ microstructure_NN1 of_IO coal_NN1 may_VM be_VBI one_MC1 mechanism_NN1 of_IO the_AT adsorption-induced_JJ coal_NN1 damage_NN1 ._. 
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<s>
Both_DB2 rivers_NN2 were_VBDR sampled_VVN with_IW sufficient_JJ spatial_JJ resolution_NN1 to_TO build_VVI concentration_NN1 profiles_NN2 and_CC increase_VVI the_AT probability_NN1 of_IO detecting_VVG transient_JJ pharmaceuticals_NN2 in_II the_AT absence_NN1 of_IO composite_JJ sampling_NN1 techniques_NN2 ._. 
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Moreover_RR ,_, the_AT inclusion_NN1 of_IO FRP_NP1 in_II an_AT1 RC_NP1 column_NN1 is_VBZ an_AT1 effective_JJ way_NN1 to_TO enhance_VVI the_AT column_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 flexural_JJ and_CC shear_VVI strength_NN1 ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, probability_NN1 density_NN1 functions_NN2 (_( PDFs_NP2 )_) of_IO apparent_JJ SVE_NN1 properties_NN2 were_VBDR constructed_VVN using_VVG the_AT principle_NN1 of_IO maximum_JJ entropy_NN1 (_( MaxEnt_NP1 )_) (_( Jaynes_NP2 1957_MC )_) to_TO further_RRR visualize_VVI the_AT impact_NN1 of_IO different_JJ schemes_NN2 ._. 
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Since_CS many_DA2 factors_NN2 can_VM affect_VVI the_AT rheological_JJ properties_NN2 of_IO cement_NN1 slurries_NN2 ,_, such_II21 as_II22 mixing_VVG time_NNT1 ,_, mixing_VVG speed_NN1 and_CC temperature_NN1 &lsqb;_( 35_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, the_AT mixing_NN1 procedures_NN2 in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 were_VBDR fixed_VVN to_TO minimize_VVI the_AT differences_NN2 among_II batches_NN2 ._. 
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Therefore_RR ,_, the_AT synthesized_JJ PCMs_NP1 provide_VV0 promising_JJ application_NN1 potential_NN1 in_II thermal_JJ storage_NN1 systems_NN2 like_II solar_JJ energy_NN1 storage_NN1 devices_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT council_NN1 represented_VVD a_AT1 higher_JJR level_NN1 of_IO interagency_NN1 coordination_NN1 chaired_VVN by_II the_AT CEQ_NP1 and_CC the_AT Assistant_NN1 to_II the_AT President_NN1 for_IF Homeland_NN1 Security_NN1 and_CC Counterterrorism_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT 20%_NNU increase_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO account_VVI for_IF the_AT impact_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT majority_NN1 of_IO studies_NN2 have_VH0 implemented_VVN RANS_NN2 methods_NN2 as_CSA numerical_JJ technique_NN1 for_IF the_AT 3D_NNU modelling_NN1 of_IO VSF_NP1 (_( Barton_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2009_MC ,_, Cea_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2007_MC ,_, Khan_NP1 ,_, 2006_MC ,_, Marriner_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC ,_, Marriner_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2014_MC ;_; among_II others_NN2 )_) ._. 
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In_RR21 addition_RR22 ,_, most_DAT inventory_NN1 databases_NN2 used_VVN in_II tall_JJ building_NN1 EE_UH estimations_NN2 do_VD0 not_XX represent_VVI tall_JJ building_NN1 construction_NN1 practices_NN2 and_CC therefore_RR ,_, there_EX is_VBZ additional_JJ uncertainty_NN1 in_II EE_UH study_NN1 of_IO tall_JJ buildings_NN2 ,_, as_CSA compared_VVN with_IW low-rise_JJ construction_NN1 ,_, that_DD1 needs_VVZ to_TO be_VBI dealt_VVN with_IW in_II future_JJ research_NN1 ._. 
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From_II a_AT1 practical_JJ point_NN1 of_IO view_NN1 ,_, the_AT joint_JJ adaptation_NN1 described_VVN above_RL can_VM be_VBI obtained_VVN by_II assembling_VVG the_AT structure_NN1 according_II21 to_II22 the_AT following_JJ phases_NN2 :_: (_( a_ZZ1 )_) installation_NN1 of_IO the_AT beam_NN1 with_IW hinged_JJ joint_JJ ;_; (_( b_ZZ1 )_) installation_NN1 of_IO the_AT slab_NN1 elements_NN2 with_IW hinged_JJ joints_NN2 ;_; (_( c_ZZ1 )_) activation_NN1 of_IO beam-column_JJ mechanical_JJ reinforcement_NN1 couplers_NN2 ;_; (_( d_ZZ1 )_) filling_NN1 of_IO the_AT construction_NN1 joint_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT role_NN1 of_IO zeolite_NN1 phases_NN2 in_II geopolymers_NN2 is_VBZ not_XX clear_RR yet_RR ,_, but_CCB most_DAT researchers_NN2 affirm_VV0 that_CST the_AT crystalline_JJ phases_NN2 may_VM not_XX contribute_VVI much_RR to_II the_AT compressive_JJ strength_NN1 of_IO geopolymer_NN1 &lsqb;_( 2_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 4_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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So_RR the_AT opening_NN1 state_NN1 of_IO the_AT window_NN1 are_VBR detected_VVN ._. 
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This_DD1 approach_NN1 would_VM allow_VVI for_IF a_AT1 reduction_NN1 in_II the_AT input_NN1 uncertainty_NN1 based_VVN on_II the_AT measured_JJ outputs_NN2 ._. 
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However_RR ,_, this_DD1 type_NN1 of_IO imperfection_NN1 leads_VVZ to_II overly_RR conservative_JJ designs_NN2 (_( Ismail_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2015_MC )_) ._. 
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Often_RR encountered_VVN in_II huge_JJ volumes_NN2 in_II some_DD large-scale_JJ hydraulic_JJ engineering_NN1 projects_NN2 ,_, SRMs_NP1 present_VV0 a_AT1 ground_NN1 instability_NN1 risk_NN1 during_II project_NN1 construction_NN1 and_CC operation_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT achievement_NN1 indicators_NN2 directly_RR or_CC indirectly_RR improve_VV0 system_NN1 performance_NN1 through_II some_DD or_CC all_DB the_AT three_MC key_JJ system_NN1 resilience_NN1 features_NN2 (_( Bruneau_NP1 etal_JJ ._. 
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The_AT adsorption_NN1 of_IO superplasticizers_NN2 on_II cement_NN1 particles/agglomerates_NN2 is_VBZ measured_VVN by_II measuring_VVG the_AT total_JJ organic_JJ content_NN1 of_IO carbon_NN1 in_II pore_NN1 solution_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ influenced_VVN by_II the_AT geometry_NN1 of_IO street_NN1 canyons_NN2 ,_, street_NN1 trees_NN2 ,_, building_NN1 blocks_NN2 and_CC impervious_JJ ground_NN1 covers_NN2 &lsqb;_( 3_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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A_AT1 parametric_JJ system_NN1 from_II design_NN1 ,_, detailing_VVG to_II production_NN1 is_VBZ developed_VVN ._. 
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However_RR ,_, as_CSA seen_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 13b_FO ,_, the_AT normalization_NN1 process_NN1 managed_VVN to_TO successfully_RR push_VVI out_RP the_AT Comfort_NN1 cases_NN2 towards_II the_AT right_NN1 ,_, generating_VVG clearer_JJR non-linear_JJ regions_NN2 separating_VVG the_AT two_MC thermal_JJ states_NN2 ._. 
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Fig._NN1 4_MC shows_VVZ the_AT average_JJ values_NN2 of_IO the_AT statistic_NN1 indices_NN2 of_IO the_AT four_MC stages_NN2 ._. 
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In_II the_AT DEM_FW ,_, the_AT soft_JJ contact_NN1 approach_NN1 (_( Itasca_NP1 Consulting_JJ Group_NN1 ,_, Inc_JJ ,_, 2007a_FO ,_, Itasca_NP1 Consulting_JJ Group_NN1 ,_, Inc_JJ ,_, 2007b_FO )_) reduces_VVZ unwanted_JJ contact_NN1 vibrations_NN2 and_CC to_II maintains_VVZ the_AT dynamic_JJ behavior_NN1 (_( Sarhosis_NP1 et_RA21 al._RA22 ,_, 2016_MC )_) ._. 
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Figure_NN1 16_MC compares_VVZ the_AT stroke_NN1 between_II the_AT STMD_NP1 and_CC the_AT TMD_NP1 in_II the_AT case_NN1 of_IO DC_NP1 II_MC ._. 
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The_AT better_JJR understanding_NN1 of_IO the_AT LTCC_NP1 behaviours_NN2 and_CC of_IO the_AT impact_NN1 of_IO overburden_VV0 movement_NN1 on_II top_JJ coal_NN1 caving_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN considerably_RR improved_VVN through_II investigations_NN2 of_IO the_AT field-scale_JJ model_NN1 '_NULL s_ZZ1 simulations_NN2 ._. 
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Starting_VVG from_II 200°C_NNU ,_, the_AT stress-strain_JJ curve_NN1 shape_NN1 of_IO slag_NN1 paste_NN1 (_( SWP_NP1 )_) is_VBZ different_JJ from_II that_DD1 of_IO cement_NN1 paste_NN1 with_IW the_AT same_DA temperature_NN1 exposure_NN1 ._. 
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Given_VVN passage_NN1 length_NN1 of_IO the_AT nutrient_NN1 enriched_JJ biofilm_NN1 is_VBZ greater_JJR ,_, we_PPIS2 conclude_VV0 that_CST the_AT hydraulic_JJ resistance_NN1 of_IO membrane_NN1 biofilms_NN2 has_VHZ greater_JJR dependency_NN1 on_II density_NN1 than_CSN biofilm_NN1 thickness_NN1 ._. 
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In_II experiments_NN2 conducted_VVN by_II Dawood_NP1 and_CC Rizkalla_NP1 &lsqb;_( 26_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, 30_MC CFRP-steel_NN1 double-lap_NN1 shear_VV0 joints_NN2 were_VBDR exposed_VVN to_TO wet/dry_VVI cycles_NN2 in_II a_AT1 5%_NNU by_II weight_NN1 NaCl_NN1 solution_NN1 at_II a_AT1 temperature_NN1 of_IO 38°C_NNU for_IF up_RG21 to_RG22 six_MC months_NNT2 ._. 
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It_PPH1 can_VM also_RR be_VBI seen_VVN in_II the_AT figure_NN1 that_CST RAC_NP1 mixes_NN2 developed_VVD a_AT1 higher_JJR specific_JJ creep_NN1 compared_VVN to_II that_DD1 of_IO control_NN1 mixes_NN2 at_II a_AT1 given_JJ curing_VVG age_NN1 ,_, except_II21 for_II22 HC-110_MC series_NN mix_VV0 ,_, which_DDQ exhibited_VVD nearly_RR identical_JJ specific_JJ creep_NN1 to_II the_AT companion_NN1 control_NN1 mix_NN1 ._. 
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Here_RL ,_, we_PPIS2 further_RRR investigated_VVD the_AT effects_NN2 of_IO pH_NN1 on_II the_AT phosphate_NN1 sequestration_NN1 by_II pristine_JJ and_CC M-50%La(OH)3-amended_FO sediments_NN2 ._. 
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Carbon_NN1 Capture_NN1 and_CC Storage_NN1 (_( CCS_NP1 )_) is_VBZ a_AT1 key_JJ climate_NN1 mitigation_NN1 technology_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT dimensionless_JJ groups_NN2 of_IO Equations_NN2 7_MC and_CC 9_MC are_VBR used_VVN in_II the_AT following_JJ as_CSA guides_NN2 to_TO define_VVI new_JJ (_( candidate_NN1 )_) IMs_NP1 ._. 
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Hence_RR ,_, the_AT validity_NN1 of_IO the_AT SHPB_NP1 tests_NN2 is_VBZ proved_VVN ._. 
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Flat-plate_JJ solar_JJ collectors_NN2 are_VBR commonly_RR used_VVN to_TO collect_VVI solar_JJ energy_NN1 ._. 
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For_REX21 instance_REX22 ,_, cross-study_JJ analyses_NN2 of_IO ASHRAE_NP1 field_NN1 studies_NN2 and_CC climatic_JJ chambers_NN2 studies_NN2 examined_VVN when_CS air_NN1 movement_NN1 is_VBZ perceived_VVN as_CSA most_DAT desirable_JJ and_CC undesirable_JJ ,_, and_CC summarized_VVD the_AT factors_NN2 influencing_VVG those_DD2 perceptions_NN2 &lsqb;_( 10_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT magnitude_NN1 of_IO thermal_JJ influence_NN1 i.e._REX solar_JJ attenuation_NN1 ,_, MRT_NP1 reduction_NN1 ,_, transpiration_NN1 rate_NN1 and_CC quantity_NN1 ,_, temperature_NN1 regulation_NN1 and_CC thermal_JJ comfort_NN1 improvement_NN1 ,_, is_VBZ another_DD1 important_JJ issue_NN1 to_TO be_VBI considered_VVN ._. 
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There_EX is_VBZ uncertainty_NN1 involved_JJ with_IW every_AT1 hazard_NN1 and_CC steps_NN2 within_II the_AT event_NN1 cycle_NN1 ,_, which_DDQ are_VBR important_JJ to_TO understand_VVI in_BCL21 order_BCL22 to_TO make_VVI effective_JJ use_NN1 of_IO the_AT matrix_NN1 and_CC improve_VV0 civil_JJ infrastructure_NN1 and_CC lifeline_NN1 system_NN1 resilience_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ also_RR used_VVN for_IF ground_NN1 applications_NN2 such_II21 as_II22 ;_; asphalt_NN1 for_IF paving_NN1 streets_NN2 and_CC highways_NN2 ,_, sports_NN2 surfacing_VVG ,_, animal_NN1 bedding_NN1 ,_, fill_VV0 material_NN1 for_IF turf_NN1 grasses_NN2 &lsqb;_( 51_MC &rsqb;_) ,_, &lsqb;_( 9_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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Wall_NN1 SQ2S_FO sustained_VVD a_AT1 maximum_JJ drift_NN1 of_IO 2.85%_FO ,_, and_CC Wall_NN1 SQ2_FO sustained_VVD a_AT1 maximum_JJ drift_NN1 of_IO 1.5%_FO in_II the_AT negative_JJ direction_NN1 of_IO loading_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 was_VBDZ found_VVN that_DD1 water_NN1 evaporated_VVD rapidly_RR from_II this_DD1 narrow_JJ and_CC confined_VVN active_JJ region_NN1 ._. 
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Because_CS implementation_NN1 of_IO the_AT Fujita_NP1 scale_NN1 began_VVD in_II 1973_MC ,_, only_RR the_AT tornado_NN1 dataset_NN1 from_II 1973_MC to_II 2015_MC is_VBZ included_VVN in_II the_AT regression_NN1 models_NN2 in_II the_AT current_JJ study_NN1 ._. 
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For_REX21 example_REX22 ,_, 1-m_JJ resolution_NN1 modelling_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 40km2_FO area_NN1 (_( 40×106_FO grids_NN2 )_) requires_VVZ more_RGR computational_JJ grids_NN2 than_CSN 500-m_JJ resolution_NN1 modelling_NN1 of_IO the_AT contiguous_JJ United_NP1 States_NP1 (_( CONUS_NP1 )_) (_( 32×106_FO grids_NN2 )_) ._. 
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Force-vertical_JJ displacement_NN1 plot_NN1 for_IF CT20-TH12-P_NP1 model_NN1 ._. 
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Based_VVN on_II the_AT likelihood_NN1 ratio_NN1 test_NN1 ,_, Model_NN1 3_MC with_IW timing_NN1 effects_NN2 outperforms_VVZ the_AT corresponding_JJ model_NN1 without_IW timing_NN1 effects_NN2 only_RR for_IF strong_JJ tornadoes_NN2 ._. 
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The_AT present_JJ work_NN1 investigates_VVZ the_AT pressure_NN1 fluctuation_NN1 intensity_NN1 and_CC vortex_VV0 characteristic_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 mixed_JJ flow_NN1 pump_NN1 as_CSA turbine_NN1 at_II pump_NN1 mode_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 tip_NN1 clearance_NN1 ._. 
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Line_VV0 1_MC1 in_II Fig.2(c)_FO reveals_VVZ that_CST the_AT evaluation_NN1 of_IO contingency_NN1 plans_NN2 is_VBZ result-oriented_JJ because_II21 of_II22 lack_NN1 of_IO supervision_NN1 and_CC accountability_NN1 mechanisms_NN2 ,_, thereby_RR disregarding_VVG the_AT root_NN1 of_IO solving_VVG problems_NN2 ._. 
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Analysis_NN1 of_IO the_AT m_ZZ1 synthetic_JJ series_NN allows_VVZ calculating_VVG the_AT mean_JJ value_NN1 and_CC the_AT uncertainty_NN1 associated_VVN with_IW the_AT threshold_NN1 parameters_NN2 (_( and_CC γ_NULL )_) and_CC their_APPGE respective_JJ uncertainties_NN2 (_( δ_FO ,_, δ_FO γ_NULL )_) ._. 
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Height_NN1 of_IO the_AT vertical_JJ fracture_NN1 in_II cases_NN2 1_MC1 ,_, 2_MC ,_, and_CC 3_MC is_VBZ 100ft_NNU ,_, 50ft_NNU and_CC 25ft_NNU ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Wetlands_NN2 with_IW fluvial_JJ flows_NN2 can_VM influence_VVI catchment_NN1 hydrology_NN1 through_II long_JJ and_CC short_JJ term_NN1 surface_NN1 water_NN1 storage_NN1 which_DDQ can_VM aid_VVI or_CC undermine_VVI attenuation_NN1 of_IO flood_NN1 waters_NN2 (_( Bullock_NP1 and_CC Acreman_NP1 ,_, 2003_MC )_) ._. 
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In_II this_DD1 work_NN1 ,_, a_AT1 coupled_JJ model_NN1 of_IO CO2-ECBM_NN1 is_VBZ established_VVN ,_, it_PPH1 combines_VVZ binary_JJ gases_NN2 (_( CO2_FO and_CC CH4_FO )_) infiltration_NN1 and_CC diffusion_NN1 ,_, where_CS non-isothermal_JJ adsorption_NN1 is_VBZ also_RR considered_VVN ._. 
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The_AT relationships_NN2 between_II axial_JJ strains_NN2 obtained_VVN from_II LVDTs_NP1 and_CC those_DD2 from_II SGs_NP2 of_IO the_AT tested_JJ specimens_NN2 are_VBR shown_VVN in_II Fig._NN1 3_MC ,_, from_II which_DDQ the_AT best-fit_JJT value_NN1 for_IF k1_FO for_IF the_AT above_JJ linear_JJ equation_NN1 can_VM be_VBI found_VVN :_: k1=0.8_FO for_IF SWSSC-filled_JJ FRP_NP1 tubes_NN2 with_IW multiple_JJ fiber_NN1 directions_NN2 and_CC 0.9_MC for_IF tubes_NN2 with_IW only_JJ hoop_NN1 direction_NN1 fibers_NN2 ._. 
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A_AT1 system_NN1 actually_RR fails_VVZ when_RRQ either_RR θ_NULL max_NN1 ,_, t_ZZ1 or_CC θ_NULL max_NN1 ,_, r_ZZ1 exceeds_VVZ the_AT corresponding_JJ limits_NN2 ._. 
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Arc-SDM_NN1 as_II an_AT1 extension_NN1 of_IO the_AT ArcGIS_NN1 was_VBDZ used_VVN to_TO calculate_VVI the_AT weights_NN2 and_CC other_JJ statistics_NN using_VVG a_AT1 landslides_NN2 training_NN1 set_NN1 and_CC the_AT causative_JJ factors_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 method_NN1 is_VBZ simple_JJ to_TO be_VBI carried_VVN out_RP ,_, however_RRQV it_PPH1 is_VBZ often_RR time-consuming_JJ and_CC results_NN2 in_II partial_JJ improvements_NN2 &lsqb;_( 13_MC &rsqb;_) ._. 
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The_AT authors_NN2 used_VVD 171_MC influential_JJ features_NN2 describing_VVG the_AT buildings_NN2 ,_, economy_NN1 ,_, education_NN1 ,_, environment_NN1 ,_, households_NN2 ,_, surrounding_VVG ,_, and_CC transportation_NN1 to_TO model_VVI the_AT average_JJ site_NN1 EUI_NP1 of_IO residential_JJ buildings_NN2 in_II block_NN1 groups_NN2 ._. 
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Only_RR when_CS the_AT adjacent_JJ fractures_NN2 are_VBR connected_VVN to_TO form_VVI local_JJ macroscopic_JJ fracture_NN1 planes_NN2 ,_, can_VM the_AT carrying_NN1 capacity_NN1 decrease_NN1 to_TO cause_VVI a_AT1 sudden_JJ drop_NN1 in_II stress_NN1 ._. 
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This_DD1 analysis_NN1 then_RT informs_VVZ a_AT1 probabilistic_JJ assessment_NN1 of_IO bridge_NN1 failure_NN1 due_JJ to_TO surge_VVI and_CC wave_NN1 loading_NN1 ._. 
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It_PPH1 is_VBZ interesting_JJ to_TO find_VVI that_CST the_AT top_NN1 three_MC strategies_NN2 for_IF Ghana_NP1 -_- "_" more_DAR publicity_NN1 through_II media_NN (_( e.g._REX ,_, print_NN1 media_NN ,_, radio_NN1 ,_, television_NN1 ,_, and_CC internet_NN1 )_) "_" ,_, "_" GBTs-related_JJ educational_JJ and_CC training_NN1 programs_NN2 for_IF developers_NN2 ,_, contractors_NN2 ,_, and_CC policy_NN1 makers_NN2 "_" ,_, and_CC "_" availability_NN1 of_IO institutional_JJ framework_NN1 for_IF effective_JJ GBTs_NP1 implementation_NN1 "_" -_- did_VDD not_XX appear_VVI in_II the_AT top_NN1 five_MC strategies_NN2 for_IF the_AT US_NP1 ;_; they_PPHS2 were_VBDR ranked_VVN ninth_MD ,_, sixth_MD ,_, and_CC tenth_MD in_II the_AT US_NP1 ,_, respectively_RR ._. 
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Indeed_RR ,_, the_AT different_JJ resistance_NN1 under_II sagging_VVG and_CC hogging_VVG conditions_NN2 ranges_VVZ about_RG 25%_NNU for_IF the_AT configuration_NN1 with_IW horizontal_JJ friction_NN1 surface_NN1 and_CC 15%_NNU for_IF that_DD1 with_IW vertical_JJ friction_NN1 surface_NN1 ._. 
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During_II the_AT higherdisplacement_NN1 phase_NN1 ,_, the_AT deformation_NN1 of_IO the_AT wall_NN1 was_VBDZ concentrated_VVN always_RR on_II the_AT same_DA cracks_NN2 ,_, which_DDQ therefore_RR saw_VVD their_APPGE width_NN1 increase_NN1 ._. 
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By_II contrast_NN1 ,_, the_AT Gumbel_NP1 copula_JJ features_NN2 upper_JJ tail_NN1 dependence_NN1 (_( i.e._REX ,_, the_AT tail_NN1 probability_NN1 for_IF one_MC1 variable_NN1 is_VBZ infinitesimal_JJ ,_, whereas_CS it_PPH1 is_VBZ extremely_RR large_JJ for_IF the_AT other_JJ )_) ,_, and_CC the_AT Gaussian_JJ ,_, Plackett_NP1 ,_, Frank_NP1 ,_, and_CC No._NN1 17_MC copulas_NN2 feature_VV0 neither_RR lower_JJR tail_NN1 dependence_NN1 nor_CC upper_JJ tail_NN1 dependence_NN1 ._. 
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SCADA_NP1 data_NN not_XX only_RR depend_VV0 on_II the_AT health_NN1 condition_NN1 of_IO a_AT1 WT_NN1 ,_, but_CCB also_RR vary_VV0 over_RP wide_JJ ranges_NN2 under_II varying_JJ operating_NN1 conditions_NN2 ,_, as_CSA presented_VVN in_II Refs_NN2 ._. 
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Area_NN1 "_" a_AT1 "_" shows_NN2 good_JJ agreement_NN1 with_IW the_AT physical_JJ tests_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 paper_NN1 combines_VVZ structural_JJ dynamic_JJ models_NN2 and_CC probabilistic_JJ assessment_NN1 tools_NN2 to_TO demonstrate_VVI improvements_NN2 in_II structural_JJ reliability_NN1 when_CS modern_JJ wind_NN1 turbine_NN1 towers_NN2 are_VBR equipped_VVN with_IW active_JJ tuned_VVD mass_JJ dampers_NN2 (_( ATMDs_NP2 )_) ._. 
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Rib-to-deck_JJ joints_NN2 of_IO orthotropic_JJ steel_NN1 decks_NN2 (_( OSDs_NP2 )_) in_II steel_NN1 bridges_NN2 are_VBR susceptible_JJ to_II longitudinal_JJ fatigue_NN1 cracking_VVG ,_, which_DDQ often_RR results_VVZ in_II considerable_JJ repair_NN1 costs_VVZ as_II31 well_II32 as_II33 traffic_NN1 interruption_NN1 ._. 
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Then_RT ,_, specific_JJ applications_NN2 oriented_VVD toward_II durability_NN1 ,_, are_VBR briefly_RR described_VVN ._. 
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Brandenberg_NP1 et_RA21 al_RA22 ._. 
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&lsqb;_( 16_MC &rsqb;_) developed_VVD an_AT1 elasto-dynamic_JJ solution_NN1 for_IF the_AT seismic_JJ active_JJ earth_NN1 pressure_NN1 exerted_VVN on_II vertical_JJ retaining_JJ walls_NN2 with_IW inhomogeneous_JJ backfills_NN2 ._. 
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This_DD1 finding_NN1 also_RR applies_VVZ to_II other_JJ series_NN of_IO shear_VV0 tests_NN2 conducted_VVN in_II this_DD1 study_NN1 with_IW a_AT1 higher_JJR normal_JJ stress_NN1 (_( for_REX21 example_REX22 20_MC MPa_NP1 in_II CNL_NP1 shear_VV0 )_) and_CC IANS_NP2 (_( for_REX21 example_REX22 40_MC MPa_NP1 in_II CNS_NP1 shear_VV0 )_) (_( Fig._NN1 13_MC ,_, Fig._NN1 14_MC )_) ._. 
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It_PPH1 draws_VVZ the_AT positions_NN2 of_IO the_AT neutral_JJ axis_NN1 at_II the_AT intersection_NN1 of_IO the_AT various_JJ sub-domains_NN2 for_IF the_AT analyzed_JJ wall_NN1 ._. 
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The_AT endowment/ownership_NN1 or_CC gain-loss_JJ biases_NN2 would_VM be_VBI caused_VVN by_II long_JJ term_NN1 memory_NN1 ,_, and_CC particularly_RR how_RRQ individuals_NN2 retrieve_VV0 long-term_JJ encoded_JJ information_NN1 when_CS making_VVG a_AT1 decision_NN1 ._. 
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