<time>1712_00:49:17,760 --> 00:49:18,120</time>
<s>测出来的呀</s>
<time>1713_00:49:18,480 --> 00:49:18,840</time>
<s>对呀</s>
<time>1714_00:49:19,920 --> 00:49:21,000</time>
<s>原则上可能应该</s>
<time>1715_00:49:21,360 --> 00:49:22,440</time>
<s>理论上应该是可以</s>
<time>1716_00:49:22,800 --> 00:49:23,520</time>
<s>去解释这个事情的</s>
<time>1717_00:49:24,600 --> 00:49:26,040</time>
<s>就它是不是天然的</s>
<time>1718_00:49:26,400 --> 00:49:26,760</time>
<s>基本物理参数</s>
<time>1719_00:49:28,200 --> 00:49:28,920</time>
<s>实际上这些都是属于</s>
<time>1720_00:49:29,280 --> 00:49:30,360</time>
<s>特别打脑子的</s>
<time>1721_00:49:30,720 --> 00:49:31,440</time>
<s>基本问题</s>
<time>1722_00:49:31,800 --> 00:49:32,520</time>
<s>解决这些问题的话</s>
<time>1723_00:49:32,880 --> 00:49:34,680</time>
<s>都是对科学的一个</s>
<time>1724_00:49:35,040 --> 00:49:35,400</time>
<s>要不是颠覆</s>
<time>1725_00:49:35,760 --> 00:49:36,120</time>
<s>要不是进步</s>
<time>1726_00:49:37,920 --> 00:49:39,720</time>
<s>所以这种问题我就很难</s>
<time>1727_00:49:40,800 --> 00:49:41,880</time>
<s>用通常的语言去描述了</s>
<time>1728_00:49:42,240 --> 00:49:43,680</time>
<s>比如说那你现在说的</s>
<time>1729_00:49:44,040 --> 00:49:45,480</time>
<s>你们相信平行宇宙吗</s>
<time>1730_00:49:45,840 --> 00:49:47,280</time>
<s>至少是从表面上看</s>
<time>1731_00:49:47,640 --> 00:49:48,000</time>
<s>平行宇宙</s>
<time>1732_00:49:48,360 --> 00:49:49,800</time>
<s>因为它是一个数学上的一个解</s>
<time>1733_00:49:50,160 --> 00:49:51,240</time>
<s>就跟我随便写公式一样</s>
<time>1734_00:49:51,600 --> 00:49:52,320</time>
<s>你可以写一个公式</s>
<time>1735_00:49:53,040 --> 00:49:53,760</time>
<s>你可以认为有（解）</s>
<time>1736_00:49:54,120 --> 00:49:55,200</time>
<s>反正你现在也没有矛盾说</s>
<time>1737_00:49:55,560 --> 00:49:56,280</time>
<s>它一定不对</s>
<time>1738_00:49:56,640 --> 00:49:58,440</time>
<s>但是它也没有任何</s>
<time>1739_00:49:58,800 --> 00:49:59,520</time>
<s>能观测的东西</s>
<time>1740_00:49:59,880 --> 00:50:00,600</time>
<s>因为你提出一个理论来</s>
<time>1741_00:50:00,960 --> 00:50:03,120</time>
<s>其实最好是你能有观测来检验它</s>
<time>1742_00:50:03,480 --> 00:50:04,200</time>
<s>比如说我对不对我能有（观测）</s>
<time>1743_00:50:04,920 --> 00:50:06,360</time>
<s>平行宇宙的概念是什么呢</s>
<time>1744_00:50:06,720 --> 00:50:09,600</time>
<s>就是说你理论上就没有</s>
<time>1745_00:50:09,960 --> 00:50:10,680</time>
<s>理论上就没有办法</s>
<time>1746_00:50:11,040 --> 00:50:11,760</time>
<s>能检验它对不对</s>
<time>1747_00:50:13,200 --> 00:50:14,640</time>
<s>就像我随便说一句话一样</s>
<time>1748_00:50:15,000 --> 00:50:15,720</time>
<s>这句话说完就完了</s>
<time>1749_00:50:16,080 --> 00:50:16,800</time>
<s>就说我说这句话</s>
<time>1750_00:50:17,160 --> 00:50:19,320</time>
<s>我理论上就不存在</s>
<time>1751_00:50:19,680 --> 00:50:20,760</time>
<s>有办法能验证我这句话</s>
<time>1752_00:50:21,120 --> 00:50:21,480</time>
<s>对还是不对</s>
<time>1753_00:50:21,840 --> 00:50:22,560</time>
<s>那这个有点哲学意味了</s>
<time>1754_00:50:23,280 --> 00:50:24,000</time>
<s>所以它就是这么一个东西</s>
<time>1755_00:50:24,360 --> 00:50:24,720</time>
<s>其实这件事情</s>
<time>1756_00:50:25,080 --> 00:50:27,960</time>
<s>跟刚才你说的那个是有关系的</s>
<time>1757_00:50:28,320 --> 00:50:29,040</time>
<s>你刚才不是问我</s>
<time>1758_00:50:30,840 --> 00:50:31,920</time>
<s>宇宙大爆炸之前</s>
<time>1759_00:50:33,360 --> 00:50:34,800</time>
<s>就是数学上你完全可以去做</s>
<time>1760_00:50:36,240 --> 00:50:37,320</time>
<s>时间有一个负轴</s>
<time>1761_00:50:38,400 --> 00:50:38,760</time>
<s>这样的话</s>
<time>1762_00:50:39,120 --> 00:50:42,000</time>
<s>就是数学上没有毛病</s>
<time>1763_00:50:42,360 --> 00:50:42,720</time>
<s>你可以去做</s>
<time>1764_00:50:43,440 --> 00:50:44,520</time>
<s>所以现在比如说像</s>
<time>1765_00:50:44,880 --> 00:50:45,240</time>
<s>平行宇宙的概念</s>
<time>1766_00:50:46,320 --> 00:50:47,760</time>
<s>平行宇宙的概念跟什么东西相关</s>
<time>1767_00:50:48,120 --> 00:50:50,280</time>
<s>跟可观测宇宙相关</s>
<time>1768_00:50:51,360 --> 00:50:52,080</time>
<s>就是跟另外一个问题</s>
<time>1769_00:50:52,440 --> 00:50:53,880</time>
<s>就是宇宙之外的宇宙</s>
<time>1770_00:50:54,240 --> 00:50:54,600</time>
<s>对</s>
<time>1771_00:50:54,960 --> 00:50:56,760</time>
<s>不宇宙既然有个边界</s>
<time>1772_00:50:58,920 --> 00:51:00,000</time>
<s>天然的很自然的一个问题就是</s>
<time>1773_00:51:00,360 --> 00:51:01,080</time>
<s>边界之外是什么</s>
<time>1774_00:51:01,800 --> 00:51:03,600</time>
<s>对这是我从童年开始</s>
<time>1775_00:51:03,960 --> 00:51:04,680</time>
<s>就有的问题</s>
<time>1776_00:51:05,040 --> 00:51:06,120</time>
<s>对呀我也是</s>
<time>1777_00:51:06,480 --> 00:51:07,560</time>
<s>你现在这个问题有解答了吗</s>
<time>1778_00:51:07,920 --> 00:51:08,640</time>
<s>实际上没有没有</s>
<time>1779_00:51:09,000 --> 00:51:11,160</time>
<s>就是这个理论上你可以去做</s>
<time>1780_00:51:12,240 --> 00:51:12,960</time>
<s>从数学上可以去做</s>
<time>1781_00:51:14,400 --> 00:51:15,120</time>
<s>你比如说像平行宇宙</s>
<time>1782_00:51:15,480 --> 00:51:16,560</time>
<s>虫洞这些概念</s>
<time>1783_00:51:16,920 --> 00:51:18,720</time>
<s>都是现在特别</s>
<time>1784_00:51:20,160 --> 00:51:22,680</time>
<s>一个是大众特别感兴趣</s>
<time>1785_00:51:23,040 --> 00:51:24,120</time>
<s>对吧想问的一些问题</s>
<time>1786_00:51:24,480 --> 00:51:25,920</time>
<s>然后数学家也是可以做的</s>
<time>1787_00:51:26,280 --> 00:51:27,720</time>
<s>但是对天文学</s>
<time>1788_00:51:28,080 --> 00:51:28,800</time>
<s>我先把它划个边界</s>
<time>1789_00:51:29,160 --> 00:51:30,240</time>
<s>天文学只是我们能够</s>
<time>1790_00:51:30,600 --> 00:51:31,320</time>
<s>真正能够看到的</s>
<time>1791_00:51:31,680 --> 00:51:32,400</time>
<s>能够测到的</s>
<time>1792_00:51:32,760 --> 00:51:33,480</time>
<s>能够用物理规律</s>
<time>1793_00:51:33,840 --> 00:51:34,560</time>
<s>去理解它的这个学科</s>
<time>1794_00:51:35,640 --> 00:51:36,720</time>
<s>叫作天文学</s>
<time>1795_00:51:37,440 --> 00:51:38,880</time>
<s>你如果把平行宇宙搁进来</s>
<time>1796_00:51:39,240 --> 00:51:39,600</time>
<s>把虫洞搁进来</s>
<time>1797_00:51:39,960 --> 00:51:41,040</time>
<s>我认为这个不叫天文学</s>
<time>1798_00:51:41,400 --> 00:51:43,200</time>
<s>但它也有可能是一种科学</s>
<time>1799_00:51:43,560 --> 00:51:44,640</time>
<s>首先它是一种数学</s>
<time>1800_00:51:45,000 --> 00:51:48,240</time>
<s>但是很多先在数学上算出来的</s>
<time>1801_00:51:48,600 --> 00:51:50,400</time>
<s>后来在观测当中确实被证实了</s>
<time>1802_00:51:50,760 --> 00:51:51,840</time>
<s>首先是这样</s>
<time>1803_00:51:52,200 --> 00:51:52,920</time>
<s>假如说我们说</s>
<time>1804_00:51:53,280 --> 00:51:54,720</time>
<s>我们宇宙之外有一个宇宙</s>
<time>1805_00:51:55,080 --> 00:51:55,800</time>
<s>这个宇宙有可能跟我们</s>
<time>1806_00:51:56,160 --> 00:51:56,880</time>
<s>有一定的关系</s>
<time>1807_00:51:57,240 --> 00:51:58,320</time>
<s>比如我们可以通过方式连接</s>
<time>1808_00:51:59,400 --> 00:52:00,120</time>
<s>因为宇宙是我们</s>
<time>1809_00:52:00,480 --> 00:52:01,200</time>
<s>定义什么叫宇宙</s>
<time>1810_00:52:01,560 --> 00:52:02,640</time>
<s>所有的时间空间我叫宇宙</s>
<time>1811_00:52:03,000 --> 00:52:03,360</time>
<s>对不对</s>
<time>1812_00:52:03,720 --> 00:52:04,080</time>
<s>那既然它跟我们有关系</s>
<time>1813_00:52:04,440 --> 00:52:05,880</time>
<s>其实你就把那个宇宙</s>
<time>1814_00:52:06,240 --> 00:52:07,320</time>
<s>定义到我这个宇宙里</s>
<time>1815_00:52:08,040 --> 00:52:09,120</time>
<s>它就没有了懂吗</s>
<time>1816_00:52:09,480 --> 00:52:09,840</time>
<s>但是就是说</s>
<time>1817_00:52:10,200 --> 00:52:12,720</time>
<s>如果真的存在高维的空间的话</s>
<time>1818_00:52:13,080 --> 00:52:14,160</time>
<s>就是如果我们还是</s>
<time>1819_00:52:14,520 --> 00:52:15,600</time>
<s>这可能不那么科学了</s>
<time>1820_00:52:15,960 --> 00:52:16,680</time>
<s>咱们就说着玩儿</s>
<time>1821_00:52:17,040 --> 00:52:19,920</time>
<s>就是说我们用最通俗地想</s>
<time>1822_00:52:20,280 --> 00:52:22,440</time>
<s>如果真的有高维空间的话</s>
<time>1823_00:52:22,800 --> 00:52:23,520</time>
<s>其实这件事</s>
<time>1824_00:52:23,880 --> 00:52:26,760</time>
<s>因为我们现在是在三维空间里面</s>
<time>1825_00:52:27,120 --> 00:52:27,480</time>
<s>还有一维时间</s>
<time>1826_00:52:27,840 --> 00:52:28,560</time>
<s>我们叫四维的时空</s>
<time>1827_00:52:28,920 --> 00:52:30,360</time>
<s>假如说真的有一个四维的空间</s>
<time>1828_00:52:30,720 --> 00:52:32,520</time>
<s>就跟《星际穿越》里面想的那样</s>
<time>1829_00:52:32,880 --> 00:52:33,600</time>
<s>假如说有四维时空</s>
<time>1830_00:52:33,960 --> 00:52:35,760</time>
<s>那在四维时空里面</s>
<time>1831_00:52:36,120 --> 00:52:36,840</time>
<s>有可能有很多很多</s>
<time>1832_00:52:37,200 --> 00:52:38,280</time>
<s>不同的三维空间</s>
<time>1833_00:52:38,640 --> 00:52:39,360</time>
<s>这些三维空间里面</s>
<time>1834_00:52:39,720 --> 00:52:41,160</time>
<s>其实它们是有可能碰在一起的</s>
<time>1835_00:52:41,520 --> 00:52:41,880</time>
<s>为什么</s>
<time>1836_00:52:42,240 --> 00:52:43,320</time>
<s>因为我们一般想的时候</s>
<time>1837_00:52:43,680 --> 00:52:45,120</time>
<s>都会去想</s>
<time>1838_00:52:45,480 --> 00:52:47,280</time>
<s>比如说在一个球面上</s>
<time>1839_00:52:47,640 --> 00:52:48,720</time>
<s>我们去想二维空间里面的东西</s>
<time>1840_00:52:49,080 --> 00:52:49,800</time>
<s>我们三维空间反正</s>
<time>1841_00:52:50,160 --> 00:52:52,680</time>
<s>比如球面上有不同的球（圆）</s>
<time>1842_00:52:53,040 --> 00:52:55,200</time>
<s>每一个球（圆）是一个二维的空间</s>
<time>1843_00:52:55,920 --> 00:52:56,640</time>
<s>那在我们这个屋子里</s>
<time>1844_00:52:57,000 --> 00:52:58,080</time>
<s>比如有好多气球</s>
<time>1845_00:52:58,440 --> 00:52:59,520</time>
<s>那每一个气球独立的气球</s>
<time>1846_00:52:59,880 --> 00:53:00,960</time>
<s>实际上就是一个独立的宇宙</s>
<time>1847_00:53:01,320 --> 00:53:01,680</time>
<s>是一个二维的宇宙</s>
<time>1848_00:53:02,040 --> 00:53:02,400</time>
<s>泡泡宇宙</s>
<time>1849_00:53:02,760 --> 00:53:03,480</time>
<s>对但是这些宇宙</s>
<time>1850_00:53:03,840 --> 00:53:04,560</time>
<s>其实气球跟气球</s>
<time>1851_00:53:04,920 --> 00:53:06,360</time>
<s>它是有可能搭上的对吧</s>
<time>1852_00:53:06,720 --> 00:53:08,160</time>
<s>这两个气球如果真搭上</s>
<time>1853_00:53:08,520 --> 00:53:09,240</time>
<s>你真的这个气球上的人</s>
<time>1854_00:53:09,600 --> 00:53:10,320</time>
<s>就能跑到那个气球上去</s>
<time>1855_00:53:10,680 --> 00:53:11,760</time>
<s>这不就是现在有一个电影</s>
<time>1856_00:53:12,120 --> 00:53:12,840</time>
<s>叫《瞬息全宇宙》</s>
<time>1857_00:53:13,200 --> 00:53:13,560</time>
<s>就在讲</s>
<time>1858_00:53:13,920 --> 00:53:15,360</time>
<s>你在不同的平行宇宙当中跳</s>
<time>1859_00:53:16,080 --> 00:53:16,800</time>
<s>大家都是</s>
<time>1860_00:53:17,160 --> 00:53:18,240</time>
<s>因为凡人特别希望</s>
<time>1861_00:53:18,600 --> 00:53:19,320</time>
<s>这种可能性存在</s>
<time>1862_00:53:19,680 --> 00:53:20,760</time>
<s>那我就可以跳脱此生</s>
<time>1863_00:53:21,120 --> 00:53:22,200</time>
<s>我可以不断地在其它地方</s>
<time>1864_00:53:22,560 --> 00:53:23,280</time>
<s>获得更好的自己</s>
<time>1865_00:53:23,640 --> 00:53:24,720</time>
<s>如果你要去假设存在</s>
<time>1866_00:53:25,080 --> 00:53:25,440</time>
<s>因为</s>
<time>1867_00:53:26,520 --> 00:53:27,600</time>
<s>到底有没有四维空间</s>
<time>1868_00:53:27,960 --> 00:53:29,040</time>
<s>我们现在其实是不知道的</s>
<time>1869_00:53:29,400 --> 00:53:30,120</time>
<s>就是理论上</s>
<time>1870_00:53:30,480 --> 00:53:31,200</time>
<s>我们作为三维空间的人</s>
<time>1871_00:53:31,560 --> 00:53:32,280</time>
<s>理论上我们不可能知道</s>
<time>1872_00:53:32,640 --> 00:53:33,360</time>
<s>更高维是什么样</s>
<time>1873_00:53:33,720 --> 00:53:34,080</time>
<s>我们打死也不可能知道</s>
<time>1874_00:53:35,520 --> 00:53:36,240</time>
<s>当然其实这句话也不一定</s>
<time>1875_00:53:36,600 --> 00:53:37,320</time>
<s>如果真的有什么东西</s>
<time>1876_00:53:37,680 --> 00:53:38,400</time>
<s>类似引力波什么的</s>
<time>1877_00:53:38,760 --> 00:53:39,840</time>
<s>需要刘慈欣老师了</s>
<time>1878_00:53:40,200 --> 00:53:40,920</time>
<s>此处需要刘慈欣</s>
<time>1879_00:53:41,280 --> 00:53:42,000</time>
<s>如果是科幻的话</s>
<time>1880_00:53:42,360 --> 00:53:44,160</time>
<s>假如说真的有某种东西</s>
<time>1881_00:53:44,520 --> 00:53:46,320</time>
<s>它能够突破这个空间的限制</s>
<time>1882_00:53:46,680 --> 00:53:48,120</time>
<s>就类似引力波这样的东西的话</s>
<time>1883_00:53:48,480 --> 00:53:50,280</time>
<s>其实我觉得那也不一定</s>
<time>1884_00:53:50,640 --> 00:53:52,080</time>
<s>但至少按照目前我们的理解</s>
<time>1885_00:53:52,440 --> 00:53:53,520</time>
<s>其实是不行的</s>
<time>1886_00:53:53,880 --> 00:53:54,600</time>
<s>那我们现在只能知道</s>
<time>1887_00:53:54,960 --> 00:53:56,400</time>
<s>我们这个气球上的东西</s>
<time>1888_00:53:56,760 --> 00:53:57,480</time>
<s>我们只能在这一个气球上活动</s>
<time>1889_00:53:57,840 --> 00:53:59,640</time>
<s>所以你知道这个理论物理学家</s>
<time>1890_00:54:00,000 --> 00:54:01,440</time>
<s>你讲这个理</s>
<time>1891_00:54:02,160 --> 00:54:02,880</time>
<s>确实无法证实</s>
<time>1892_00:54:03,240 --> 00:54:03,960</time>
<s>但你都没法儿驳它</s>
<time>1893_00:54:05,760 --> 00:54:06,120</time>
<s>对吧</s>
<time>1894_00:54:06,480 --> 00:54:07,560</time>
<s>你比如说我上次看一个叫</s>
<time>1895_00:54:07,920 --> 00:54:08,640</time>
<s>《隐藏的现实》</s>
<time>1896_00:54:09,000 --> 00:54:10,080</time>
<s>也是一个物理学家</s>
<time>1897_00:54:10,440 --> 00:54:11,520</time>
<s>他们都有志于做科普工作</s>
<time>1898_00:54:11,880 --> 00:54:12,600</time>
<s>很多人都写书</s>
<time>1899_00:54:12,960 --> 00:54:13,680</time>
<s>跟霍金似的是吧</s>
<time>1900_00:54:14,400 --> 00:54:15,840</time>
<s>然后他就提出了</s>
<time>1901_00:54:16,200 --> 00:54:16,920</time>
<s>有没有平行宇宙呢</s>
<time>1902_00:54:17,280 --> 00:54:18,000</time>
<s>因为他认为是</s>
<time>1903_00:54:18,360 --> 00:54:19,440</time>
<s>现在解决量子力学困境</s>
<time>1904_00:54:20,520 --> 00:54:23,040</time>
<s>他认为这个平行宇宙是有可能</s>
<time>1905_00:54:23,400 --> 00:54:25,920</time>
<s>中选率最高的一个假说</s>
<time>1906_00:54:26,280 --> 00:54:27,720</time>
<s>当然他提出了N多个</s>
<time>1907_00:54:28,080 --> 00:54:29,520</time>
<s>我记得是九个还是十个</s>
<time>1908_00:54:29,880 --> 00:54:30,240</time>
<s>平行宇宙</s>
<time>1909_00:54:30,600 --> 00:54:32,040</time>
<s>我唯一有印象的就是</s>
<time>1910_00:54:32,400 --> 00:54:33,120</time>
<s>我发现这个挺有意思</s>
<time>1911_00:54:33,480 --> 00:54:34,200</time>
<s>叫“百讷被宇宙”</s>
<time>1912_00:54:35,280 --> 00:54:36,360</time>
<s>他说你要按这个宇宙</s>
<time>1913_00:54:36,720 --> 00:54:37,080</time>
<s>那听起来</s>
<time>1914_00:54:38,520 --> 00:54:39,240</time>
<s>在无限远的地方</s>
<time>1915_00:54:40,320 --> 00:54:42,120</time>
<s>有一个跟我们一样的圆桌</s>
<time>1916_00:54:42,480 --> 00:54:42,840</time>
<s>就是我们四个</s>
<time>1917_00:54:43,200 --> 00:54:43,920</time>
<s>我们在重复</s>
<time>1918_00:54:44,280 --> 00:54:45,720</time>
<s>我们在发生完全一样的事情</s>
<time>1919_00:54:46,080 --> 00:54:47,880</time>
<s>当然也可能稍有差别</s>
<time>1920_00:54:48,600 --> 00:54:49,320</time>
<s>你喝了这个茶</s>
<time>1921_00:54:49,680 --> 00:54:50,760</time>
<s>和你没喝这个茶</s>
<time>1922_00:54:51,120 --> 00:54:51,840</time>
<s>但是你能想象</s>
<time>1923_00:54:52,200 --> 00:54:52,920</time>
<s>在无限远的世界</s>
<time>1924_00:54:53,280 --> 00:54:54,000</time>
<s>所有的可能性</s>
<time>1925_00:54:54,360 --> 00:54:56,160</time>
<s>对就有一个</s>
<time>1926_00:54:56,520 --> 00:54:57,600</time>
<s>跟我们这一模一样的</s>
<time>1927_00:54:57,960 --> 00:54:58,680</time>
<s>然后虫洞就来了</s>
<time>1928_00:54:59,040 --> 00:54:59,400</time>
<s>对吧</s>
<time>1929_00:54:59,760 --> 00:55:00,120</time>
<s>虫洞就来了</s>
<time>1930_00:55:00,480 --> 00:55:02,640</time>
<s>然后我说这怎么可能呢</s>
<time>1931_00:55:03,720 --> 00:55:04,080</time>
<s>它这里边就讲了</s>
<time>1932_00:55:05,520 --> 00:55:07,320</time>
<s>比如说很多科学家</s>
<time>1933_00:55:07,680 --> 00:55:09,480</time>
<s>就说你相信不相信宇宙是无限的</s>
<time>1934_00:55:10,920 --> 00:55:13,080</time>
<s>那么如果你相信宇宙是无限的</s>
<time>1935_00:55:14,160 --> 00:55:14,520</time>
<s>他就说</s>
<time>1936_00:55:14,880 --> 00:55:15,240</time>
<s>比如说扑克牌</s>
<time>1937_00:55:16,320 --> 00:55:17,040</time>
<s>你就洗牌</s>
<time>1938_00:55:17,760 --> 00:55:19,560</time>
<s>只要给你无限的时间洗</s>
<time>1939_00:55:19,920 --> 00:55:20,640</time>
<s>是不是总有</s>
<time>1940_00:55:21,000 --> 00:55:22,440</time>
<s>肯定会出现重复的</s>
<time>1941_00:55:23,520 --> 00:55:24,600</time>
<s>就是洗的这个牌的顺序</s>
<time>1942_00:55:24,960 --> 00:55:25,320</time>
<s>完全重复</s>
<time>1943_00:55:25,680 --> 00:55:26,760</time>
<s>就像他说这个女士</s>
<time>1944_00:55:27,120 --> 00:55:29,640</time>
<s>一个女士买了500个上衣</s>
<time>1945_00:55:30,000 --> 00:55:30,720</time>
<s>1000双鞋</s>
<time>1946_00:55:31,440 --> 00:55:32,880</time>
<s>给她1000年的时间搭</s>
<time>1947_00:55:33,240 --> 00:55:35,040</time>
<s>她是一定会出现重复的</s>
<time>1948_00:55:35,760 --> 00:55:37,920</time>
<s>那么然后他又给出一个假设</s>
<time>1949_00:55:38,280 --> 00:55:40,080</time>
<s>我觉得这个假设我也很怀疑</s>
<time>1950_00:55:40,440 --> 00:55:41,160</time>
<s>他给出一个假设就是说</s>
<time>1951_00:55:41,520 --> 00:55:43,680</time>
<s>我们现在总共能够知道</s>
<time>1952_00:55:44,040 --> 00:55:45,840</time>
<s>宇宙的基本粒子是十的</s>
<time>1953_00:55:47,280 --> 00:55:49,080</time>
<s>几十次还是几百次方</s>
<time>1954_00:55:49,440 --> 00:55:50,160</time>
<s>他说也就是说</s>
<time>1955_00:55:50,520 --> 00:55:53,400</time>
<s>宇宙的总粒子数是有限的</s>
<time>1956_00:55:54,840 --> 00:55:57,000</time>
<s>如果是他认为我们这个人</s>
<time>1957_00:55:57,360 --> 00:55:58,800</time>
<s>包括我们这个大脑活动</s>
<time>1958_00:55:59,160 --> 00:56:00,240</time>
<s>不管你怎么说</s>
<time>1959_00:56:00,960 --> 00:56:03,120</time>
<s>它总是这些基本粒子的排列组合</s>
<time>1960_00:56:04,200 --> 00:56:04,560</time>
<s>那么这些</s>
<time>1961_00:56:04,920 --> 00:56:06,360</time>
<s>哪怕是再多的基本粒子</s>
<time>1962_00:56:06,720 --> 00:56:07,800</time>
<s>如果是有数的</s>
<time>1963_00:56:08,520 --> 00:56:10,320</time>
<s>那么给它们无限的时间</s>
<time>1964_00:56:10,680 --> 00:56:11,400</time>
<s>和无限的空间</s>
<time>1965_00:56:11,760 --> 00:56:12,480</time>
<s>你这里头有个漏洞</s>
<time>1966_00:56:13,200 --> 00:56:15,000</time>
<s>它们这么无限排列下去的话</s>
<time>1967_00:56:16,080 --> 00:56:18,240</time>
<s>那么总是会出现重复的</s>
<time>1968_00:56:18,600 --> 00:56:19,320</time>
<s>也就是所以他就说</s>
<time>1969_00:56:19,680 --> 00:56:21,480</time>
<s>你要是假定宇宙是无限的</s>
<time>1970_00:56:22,200 --> 00:56:24,720</time>
<s>那么有限的粒子之间排列排列</s>
<time>1971_00:56:25,080 --> 00:56:27,240</time>
<s>总会出现在无限远的一个地方</s>
<time>1972_00:56:27,600 --> 00:56:28,680</time>
<s>它叫“百讷被宇宙”</s>
<time>1973_00:56:29,040 --> 00:56:30,120</time>
<s>就是一块儿一块儿的</s>
<time>1974_00:56:30,480 --> 00:56:31,200</time>
<s>那你就可以想见</s>
<time>1975_00:56:31,560 --> 00:56:33,000</time>
<s>总会有一个跟我们这个宇宙</s>
<time>1976_00:56:33,720 --> 00:56:34,080</time>
<s>完全一样</s>
<time>1977_00:56:34,800 --> 00:56:35,520</time>
<s>你来批驳一下</s>
<time>1978_00:56:35,880 --> 00:56:36,600</time>
<s>不是我不是想批驳</s>
<time>1979_00:56:36,960 --> 00:56:38,040</time>
<s>我说这里头稍微有个漏洞</s>
<time>1980_00:56:38,400 --> 00:56:38,760</time>
<s>有漏洞</s>
<time>1981_00:56:39,120 --> 00:56:42,360</time>
<s>就是粒子数不一定守恒</s>
<time>1982_00:56:42,720 --> 00:56:43,440</time>
<s>守恒的不是粒子数</s>
<time>1983_00:56:45,960 --> 00:56:46,320</time>
<s>是什么</s>
<time>1984_00:56:46,680 --> 00:56:47,040</time>
<s>应该能量守恒</s>
<time>1985_00:56:47,760 --> 00:56:48,480</time>
<s>因为很简单</s>
<time>1986_00:56:48,840 --> 00:56:49,920</time>
<s>我们刚才已经涉及到这个话题了</s>
<time>1987_00:56:51,000 --> 00:56:52,080</time>
<s>就基本粒子之间可以灭</s>
<time>1988_00:56:53,520 --> 00:56:54,240</time>
<s>灭以后它变成能量了</s>
<time>1989_00:56:54,960 --> 00:56:55,320</time>
<s>对</s>
<time>1990_00:56:55,680 --> 00:56:56,040</time>
<s>对不对</s>
<time>1991_00:56:56,400 --> 00:56:56,760</time>
<s>所以这个</s>
<time>1992_00:56:57,480 --> 00:56:57,840</time>
<s>比如黑洞</s>
<time>1993_00:56:58,920 --> 00:56:59,640</time>
<s>黑洞进去以后</s>
<time>1994_00:57:00,000 --> 00:57:01,080</time>
<s>不再有什么基本粒子</s>
<time>1995_00:57:01,440 --> 00:57:01,800</time>
<s>它就是</s>
<time>1996_00:57:02,160 --> 00:57:03,240</time>
<s>它只有质量</s>
<time>1997_00:57:04,320 --> 00:57:05,400</time>
<s>角动量和电荷</s>
<time>1998_00:57:05,760 --> 00:57:06,480</time>
<s>三根毛对不对</s>
<time>1999_00:57:07,200 --> 00:57:08,280</time>
<s>就这个基本上是</s>
<time>2000_00:57:09,000 --> 00:57:10,440</time>
<s>就是说你进去一个太阳</s>
<time>2001_00:57:11,520 --> 00:57:11,880</time>
<s>最后是</s>
<time>2002_00:57:12,240 --> 00:57:14,760</time>
<s>相当于只进去了太阳带的质量</s>
<time>2003_00:57:15,120 --> 00:57:16,920</time>
<s>太阳带的角动量</s>
<time>2004_00:57:17,640 --> 00:57:19,440</time>
<s>太阳一般都是电中性的</s>
<time>2005_00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:21,960</time>
<s>所以带电荷的这个可能性是比较少的</s>
<time>2006_00:57:22,320 --> 00:57:23,040</time>
<s>然后又没有</s>
<time>2007_00:57:23,760 --> 00:57:24,480</time>
<s>磁场是偶极的</s>
<time>2008_00:57:24,840 --> 00:57:26,280</time>
<s>它又没有磁单极子</s>
<time>2009_00:57:26,640 --> 00:57:27,360</time>
<s>所以它只有这三根毛</s>
<time>2010_00:57:28,800 --> 00:57:29,880</time>
<s>至少现在理论是这样</s>
<time>2011_00:57:30,960 --> 00:57:32,040</time>
<s>所以你太阳里头带的</s>
<time>2012_00:57:32,400 --> 00:57:35,640</time>
<s>10的30次方千克的氢氮这些东西</s>
<time>2013_00:57:36,360 --> 00:57:36,720</time>
<s>Identity (特性)</s>
<time>2014_00:57:37,440 --> 00:57:42,480</time>
<s>就是所谓它的物质特性</s>
<time>2015_00:57:42,840 --> 00:57:43,200</time>
<s>全都丢失掉了</s>
<time>2016_00:57:45,360 --> 00:57:46,800</time>
<s>所以这个不会守恒的</s>
<time>2017_00:57:47,160 --> 00:57:47,880</time>
<s>所以这种东西不会出现</s>
<time>2018_00:57:48,240 --> 00:57:48,960</time>
<s>你刚才说这件事情</s>
<time>2019_00:57:49,320 --> 00:57:50,400</time>
<s>跟现在特别热门的一个</s>
<time>2020_00:57:51,480 --> 00:57:52,200</time>
<s>就是寻求理论解释的</s>
<time>2021_00:57:52,560 --> 00:57:54,720</time>
<s>叫量子纠缠</s>
<time>2022_00:57:55,440 --> 00:57:55,800</time>
<s>对</s>
<time>2023_00:57:56,160 --> 00:57:57,240</time>
<s>你要去解释量子纠缠</s>
<time>2024_00:57:57,600 --> 00:57:58,680</time>
<s>就是在很远的两个地方</s>
<time>2025_00:57:59,760 --> 00:58:00,480</time>
<s>居然这两个东西全同</s>
<time>2026_00:58:01,920 --> 00:58:02,640</time>
<s>就怎么能发生这种事情</s>
<time>2027_00:58:03,360 --> 00:58:04,800</time>
<s>对吧你不在一个空间里头</s>
<time>2028_00:58:05,160 --> 00:58:06,240</time>
<s>当然如果是有一个</s>
<time>2029_00:58:07,320 --> 00:58:10,560</time>
<s>我们比如说正好纯数学里头</s>
<time>2030_00:58:10,920 --> 00:58:11,640</time>
<s>告诉你的这个虫洞</s>
<time>2031_00:58:12,360 --> 00:58:13,440</time>
<s>能够把这个东西连接在一起</s>
<time>2032_00:58:13,800 --> 00:58:15,240</time>
<s>实际上你看起来空间</s>
<time>2033_00:58:15,600 --> 00:58:16,680</time>
<s>特别特别远的两个东西</s>
<time>2034_00:58:17,040 --> 00:58:17,760</time>
<s>如果通过虫洞</s>
<time>2035_00:58:18,120 --> 00:58:18,840</time>
<s>时空嘛</s>
<time>2036_00:58:19,200 --> 00:58:19,560</time>
<s>折叠在一起</s>
<time>2037_00:58:19,920 --> 00:58:20,280</time>
<s>在高维空间里面</s>
<time>2038_00:58:20,640 --> 00:58:21,360</time>
<s>它在一起</s>
<time>2039_00:58:22,080 --> 00:58:23,880</time>
<s>它虽然在你这个空间里头看起来</s>
<time>2040_00:58:24,240 --> 00:58:24,960</time>
<s>是两个地方</s>
<time>2041_00:58:25,320 --> 00:58:27,480</time>
<s>但是如果有这样的理论存在</s>
<time>2042_00:58:27,840 --> 00:58:30,360</time>
<s>如果在现实里头如果发生的话</s>
<time>2043_00:58:30,720 --> 00:58:31,080</time>
<s>那这两个东西</s>
<time>2044_00:58:31,440 --> 00:58:32,160</time>
<s>应该是连接在一起的</s>
<time>2045_00:58:32,520 --> 00:58:33,600</time>
<s>所以他把这个事情</s>
<time>2046_00:58:35,400 --> 00:58:37,560</time>
<s>跟这个多维空间或者虫洞</s>
<time>2047_00:58:37,920 --> 00:58:38,280</time>
<s>平行宇宙</s>
<time>2048_00:58:38,640 --> 00:58:40,080</time>
<s>平行宇宙联系在一起的</s>
<time>2049_00:58:40,440 --> 00:58:41,160</time>
<s>这个我不是专家</s>
<time>2050_00:58:41,880 --> 00:58:42,600</time>
<s>我就是从我这个角度</s>
<time>2051_00:58:42,960 --> 00:58:43,680</time>
<s>去解释这个事情</s>
<time>2052_00:58:45,480 --> 00:58:46,200</time>
<s>大概是这个意思</s>
<time>2053_00:58:46,560 --> 00:58:46,920</time>
<s>那有道理吗</s>
<time>2054_00:58:49,800 --> 00:58:51,960</time>
<s>这个你要问我道理</s>
<time>2055_00:58:52,320 --> 00:58:53,040</time>
<s>我相信这个数学上</s>
<time>2056_00:58:53,760 --> 00:58:54,480</time>
<s>可以没毛病</s>
<time>2057_00:58:55,200 --> 00:58:55,560</time>
<s>在数学上</s>
<time>2058_00:58:55,920 --> 00:58:57,000</time>
<s>我刚才已经说过多少次了</s>
<time>2059_00:58:57,360 --> 00:58:59,160</time>
<s>就很多东西在数学上是允许的</s>
<time>2060_00:58:59,520 --> 00:59:01,320</time>
<s>但在物理里头是不允许的</s>
<time>2061_00:59:03,480 --> 00:59:03,840</time>
<s>而碰巧了</s>
<time>2062_00:59:04,200 --> 00:59:04,920</time>
<s>就是我不信这个</s>
<time>2063_00:59:05,280 --> 00:59:07,440</time>
<s>我又是一个搞观测天文学的人</s>
<time>2064_00:59:07,800 --> 00:59:08,520</time>
<s>我就一定要看到</s>
<time>2065_00:59:10,680 --> 00:59:12,840</time>
<s>现代科学技术才真的几十年</s>
<time>2066_00:59:15,000 --> 00:59:16,080</time>
<s>就是我定义这个现代科学技术就是</s>
<time>2067_00:59:16,440 --> 00:59:17,880</time>
<s>我们能走出地球</s>
<time>2068_00:59:18,960 --> 00:59:20,040</time>
<s>真正走到一个空间去</s>
<time>2069_00:59:20,400 --> 00:59:21,840</time>
<s>有望远镜到现在四百年嘛</s>
<time>2070_00:59:22,200 --> 00:59:23,280</time>
<s>有望远镜才四百年</s>
<time>2071_00:59:23,640 --> 00:59:24,720</time>
<s>真正有</s>
<time>2072_00:59:25,080 --> 00:59:25,440</time>
<s>现代天文学</s>
<time>2073_00:59:25,800 --> 00:59:26,880</time>
<s>我们能够搞天体物理研究的望远镜</s>
<time>2074_00:59:27,240 --> 00:59:27,600</time>
<s>一百年</s>
<time>2075_00:59:27,960 --> 00:59:29,040</time>
<s>馆长你比如说</s>
<time>2076_00:59:29,400 --> 00:59:30,480</time>
<s>你原来好多青少年</s>
<time>2077_00:59:30,840 --> 00:59:32,640</time>
<s>不都到天文馆嘛</s>
<time>2078_00:59:33,000 --> 00:59:35,160</time>
<s>他们问你问得最多的问题</s>
<time>2079_00:59:35,520 --> 00:59:36,240</time>
<s>一般是什么</s>
<time>2080_00:59:36,600 --> 00:59:36,960</time>
<s>其实不管大人孩子</s>
<time>2081_00:59:37,320 --> 00:59:39,840</time>
<s>我觉得就公众对跟天文相关的</s>
<time>2082_00:59:40,200 --> 00:59:40,560</time>
<s>或者来天文馆</s>
<time>2083_00:59:40,920 --> 00:59:42,000</time>
<s>问得最多的三个问题</s>
<time>2084_00:59:42,360 --> 00:59:43,440</time>
<s>其实一个是大爆炸</s>
<time>2085_00:59:44,520 --> 00:59:44,880</time>
<s>一个是黑洞</s>
<time>2086_00:59:45,240 --> 00:59:46,320</time>
<s>大爆炸</s>
<time>2087_00:59:46,680 --> 00:59:47,040</time>
<s>一个是大爆炸</s>
<time>2088_00:59:47,400 --> 00:59:48,120</time>
<s>就是宇宙的起源</s>
<time>2089_00:59:48,480 --> 00:59:48,840</time>
<s>对对对</s>
<time>2090_00:59:49,200 --> 00:59:50,640</time>
<s>黑洞还有外星人</s>
<time>2091_00:59:51,000 --> 00:59:51,720</time>
<s>就这三个问题</s>
<time>2092_00:59:52,080 --> 00:59:52,440</time>
<s>跟我们差不多</s>
<time>2093_00:59:52,800 --> 00:59:54,240</time>
<s>从专业的角度可能会觉得</s>
<time>2094_00:59:54,600 --> 00:59:54,960</time>
<s>就宇宙的起源</s>
<time>2095_00:59:55,320 --> 00:59:56,400</time>
<s>还有地球生命的起源</s>
<time>2096_00:59:56,760 --> 00:59:57,120</time>
<s>可能最重要</s>
<time>2097_00:59:57,480 --> 00:59:58,200</time>
<s>特别简单的一个东西</s>
<time>2098_00:59:59,640 --> 01:00:00,360</time>
<s>就是其中之一</s>
<time>2099_01:00:01,440 --> 01:00:04,320</time>
<s>就是星系的宇宙学红移</s>
<time>2100_01:00:05,400 --> 01:00:07,200</time>
<s>我们如果大尺度的这种东西</s>
<time>2101_01:00:07,560 --> 01:00:08,640</time>
<s>我们能把望远镜</s>
<time>2102_01:00:09,000 --> 01:00:10,800</time>
<s>口径能看到最远的那些星系</s>
<time>2103_01:00:11,520 --> 01:00:11,880</time>
<s>它的速度测出来</s>
<time>2104_01:00:12,240 --> 01:00:13,320</time>
<s>我们发现所有星系</s>
<time>2105_01:00:13,680 --> 01:00:14,760</time>
<s>都在远离我们而去</s>
<time>2106_01:00:15,120 --> 01:00:15,840</time>
<s>对都在逃</s>
<time>2107_01:00:16,200 --> 01:00:18,720</time>
<s>而且它退行的速度</s>
<time>2108_01:00:19,800 --> 01:00:20,880</time>
<s>跟我们之间</s>
<time>2109_01:00:21,240 --> 01:00:23,760</time>
<s>跟某一个特定的天体的</s>
<time>2110_01:00:24,120 --> 01:00:25,200</time>
<s>到我们的距离是相关的</s>
<time>2111_01:00:25,920 --> 01:00:26,640</time>
<s>这是哈勃定律</s>
<time>2112_01:00:27,000 --> 01:00:29,160</time>
<s>越远越快</s>
<time>2113_01:00:29,880 --> 01:00:31,320</time>
<s>就这样一个事实告诉你什么</s>
<time>2114_01:00:31,680 --> 01:00:32,760</time>
<s>这个是在整体地膨胀</s>
<time>2115_01:00:33,480 --> 01:00:34,200</time>
<s>整体膨胀这个事情</s>
<time>2116_01:00:34,560 --> 01:00:36,720</time>
<s>并不是我们处在世界中心</s>
<time>2117_01:00:37,080 --> 01:00:37,440</time>
<s>比如说把你放在</s>
<time>2118_01:00:37,800 --> 01:00:38,520</time>
<s>仙女座大星云里头</s>
<time>2119_01:00:38,880 --> 01:00:39,600</time>
<s>假设我们四个人</s>
<time>2120_01:00:39,960 --> 01:00:41,040</time>
<s>到仙女座大星云里头去</s>
<time>2121_01:00:41,400 --> 01:00:42,120</time>
<s>看这个圆桌派</s>
<time>2122_01:00:42,480 --> 01:00:43,920</time>
<s>它看到的也是这样的</s>
<time>2123_01:00:44,280 --> 01:00:46,080</time>
<s>对任何一个星系的天文学家</s>
<time>2124_01:00:46,440 --> 01:00:47,160</time>
<s>银河系也跟它在</s>
<time>2125_01:00:47,520 --> 01:00:48,600</time>
<s>都会发现别的星系都在远离他们</s>
<time>2126_01:00:48,960 --> 01:00:49,680</time>
<s>实际上我们现在也都在越来越远离</s>
<time>2127_01:00:50,040 --> 01:00:50,760</time>
<s>彼此都在远离</s>
<time>2128_01:00:51,120 --> 01:00:51,480</time>
<s>我们都在远离</s>
<time>2129_01:00:51,840 --> 01:00:53,640</time>
<s>我们说是在宇宙学的框架上</s>
<time>2130_01:00:54,000 --> 01:00:54,720</time>
<s>就是有例外</s>
<time>2131_01:00:55,440 --> 01:00:57,600</time>
<s>有的星系可能不满足这个规律</s>
<time>2132_01:00:57,960 --> 01:00:58,680</time>
<s>就是叫作例外嘛</s>
<time>2133_01:00:59,040 --> 01:00:59,400</time>
<s>例外我们也去研究</s>
<time>2134_01:00:59,760 --> 01:01:00,480</time>
<s>M31（星系）对对对</s>
<time>2135_01:01:00,840 --> 01:01:01,560</time>
<s>这也是我们所谓的</s>
<time>2136_01:01:01,920 --> 01:01:02,640</time>
<s>已知的未知</s>
