<time>543_00:27:06,480 --> 00:27:09,720</time>
<s>一个统治者他要是能够推行德政的话</s>
<time>544_00:27:10,080 --> 00:27:12,240</time>
<s>他就好像是天上的北极星一样</s>
<time>545_00:27:13,680 --> 00:27:14,760</time>
<s>北极星的特点是什么</s>
<time>546_00:27:16,200 --> 00:27:18,000</time>
<s>它就待在自己的位置上不动</s>
<time>547_00:27:18,720 --> 00:27:22,320</time>
<s>然后满天的星斗自然而然好像都在拱卫它</s>
<time>548_00:27:23,760 --> 00:27:25,920</time>
<s>这个就是我们传统的儒家价值观</s>
<time>549_00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:30,240</time>
<s>它就认为优秀的领导人自己不需要有能力</s>
<time>550_00:27:31,320 --> 00:27:32,760</time>
<s>不需要解决具体的问题</s>
<time>551_00:27:33,120 --> 00:27:34,920</time>
<s>你一个需要道德高尚</s>
<time>552_00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:39,960</time>
<s>一个你需要善于把合适的人放到合适的岗位上</s>
<time>553_00:27:40,680 --> 00:27:41,400</time>
<s>你就有这个能力就行了</s>
<time>554_00:27:42,120 --> 00:27:42,840</time>
<s>别的能力不需要</s>
<time>555_00:27:44,640 --> 00:27:49,680</time>
<s>所以我们的历史书在塑造优秀的皇帝的时候</s>
<time>556_00:27:50,400 --> 00:27:53,640</time>
<s>就是会无形当中会弱化他的能力的</s>
<time>557_00:27:54,360 --> 00:27:58,320</time>
<s>而小说当中又会进一步地做类似的处理</s>
<time>558_00:27:59,400 --> 00:28:00,840</time>
<s>其实比较而言</s>
<time>559_00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:03,360</time>
<s>《三国演义》对刘备的处理还算客气了</s>
<time>560_00:28:04,800 --> 00:28:05,880</time>
<s>我们要看一些古代小说</s>
<time>561_00:28:06,240 --> 00:28:08,760</time>
<s>当它想写到好的帝王的时候</s>
<time>562_00:28:09,480 --> 00:28:10,920</time>
<s>那个真的是（让人接受不了）</s>
<time>563_00:28:11,640 --> 00:28:12,360</time>
<s>比如说《封神演义》</s>
<time>564_00:28:13,440 --> 00:28:16,320</time>
<s>《封神演义》里面的周武王给写成什么样子了</s>
<time>565_00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,280</time>
<s>当最后大军已经打到朝歌了</s>
<time>566_00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:23,520</time>
<s>八百路诸侯在那里围攻商昼王</s>
<time>567_00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:26,760</time>
<s>然后周武王缩在后面看围攻</s>
<time>568_00:28:27,480 --> 00:28:30,360</time>
<s>说哎呀还该善化天子</s>
<time>569_00:28:30,720 --> 00:28:32,520</time>
<s>我们怎么能够和天子抗礼呢</s>
<time>570_00:28:33,240 --> 00:28:34,680</time>
<s>甚无君臣体面</s>
<time>571_00:28:36,120 --> 00:28:37,200</time>
<s>合着之前打了那么多仗</s>
<time>572_00:28:37,560 --> 00:28:39,000</time>
<s>他的军队在干吗他自己全不知道</s>
<time>573_00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:40,800</time>
<s>再比如说</s>
<time>574_00:28:41,520 --> 00:28:42,960</time>
<s>有一部小说叫《薛仁贵征东》</s>
<time>575_00:28:44,400 --> 00:28:46,560</time>
<s>《薛仁贵征东》里边怎么写唐太宗的</s>
<time>576_00:28:47,640 --> 00:28:50,880</time>
<s>当时是朝鲜下了一封挑战书</s>
<time>577_00:28:51,240 --> 00:28:51,960</time>
<s>说我要灭了大唐</s>
<time>578_00:28:53,040 --> 00:28:53,760</time>
<s>唐太宗就火了</s>
<time>579_00:28:54,480 --> 00:28:57,360</time>
<s>说行与其你来打我不如我先去打你</s>
<time>580_00:28:58,440 --> 00:29:00,240</time>
<s>于是指挥大军御驾亲征</s>
<time>581_00:29:01,320 --> 00:29:03,480</time>
<s>结果大唐的军队开到海边</s>
<time>582_00:29:04,200 --> 00:29:05,640</time>
<s>一看见海上的风浪</s>
<time>583_00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:07,440</time>
<s>唐太宗说了这么一句话</s>
<time>584_00:29:08,160 --> 00:29:09,600</time>
<s>先生不去征东了</s>
<time>585_00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:11,400</time>
<s>情愿安享长安</s>
<time>586_00:29:11,760 --> 00:29:13,920</time>
<s>由他杀过来让他也看得见</s>
<time>587_00:29:14,640 --> 00:29:15,720</time>
<s>何苦丧在海内</s>
<time>588_00:29:16,800 --> 00:29:19,680</time>
<s>历史上真实的唐太宗地下有知</s>
<time>589_00:29:20,040 --> 00:29:22,920</time>
<s>要是知道自己被小说作者写成这个样子</s>
<time>590_00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:24,360</time>
<s>估计能气活过来</s>
<time>591_00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:30,840</time>
<s>但这个就是我们传统的很多文人</s>
<time>592_00:29:31,200 --> 00:29:33,360</time>
<s>对好的帝王的一个理解</s>
<time>593_00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:35,880</time>
<s>现在经常有人说这个话</s>
<time>594_00:29:36,600 --> 00:29:43,800</time>
<s>说崇拜雄才大略的帝王是传统文化的糟粕</s>
<time>595_00:29:44,880 --> 00:29:48,840</time>
<s>其实传统文化里边真还不太有这种糟</s>
<time>596_00:29:50,640 --> 00:29:51,720</time>
<s>因为我们的传统文化</s>
<time>597_00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:53,520</time>
<s>尤其（古代）这些写小说的人</s>
<time>598_00:29:53,880 --> 00:29:56,400</time>
<s>说实话他文化水平也未见得很高</s>
<time>599_00:29:57,120 --> 00:30:00,360</time>
<s>卖小说的人一般来说也不会是高级知识分子</s>
<time>600_00:30:01,080 --> 00:30:04,680</time>
<s>就是说整个朝廷是怎么运转的他未必知道</s>
<time>601_00:30:05,400 --> 00:30:07,920</time>
<s>但是他再无知他至少知道一件事</s>
<time>602_00:30:08,280 --> 00:30:10,800</time>
<s>皇帝一旦雄才大略我就没好日子过了</s>
<time>603_00:30:12,240 --> 00:30:14,040</time>
<s>所以他们更喜欢的帝王</s>
<time>604_00:30:14,400 --> 00:30:16,920</time>
<s>就是像刘备周武王唐太宗</s>
<time>605_00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:18,360</time>
<s>就写成这样比较好</s>
<time>606_00:30:19,440 --> 00:30:21,600</time>
<s>好人没什么用不爱折腾</s>
<time>607_00:30:21,960 --> 00:30:22,320</time>
<s>挺好的</s>
<time>608_00:30:23,400 --> 00:30:24,840</time>
<s>而恰恰是什么呢</s>
<time>609_00:30:25,560 --> 00:30:32,040</time>
<s>们现代人反而相当流行崇拜雄才大略的帝王</s>
<time>610_00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:36,360</time>
<s>所以我们再回头看这些旧小说的塑造</s>
<time>611_00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:38,520</time>
<s>就觉得别别扭扭了</s>
<time>612_00:30:46,800 --> 00:30:48,960</time>
<s>回过头去仔细读一读历史书</s>
<time>613_00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:52,200</time>
<s>看看历史书当中的曹操是什么样</s>
<time>614_00:30:52,560 --> 00:30:54,360</time>
<s>历史书当中的刘备是什么样</s>
<time>615_00:30:54,720 --> 00:30:59,400</time>
<s>也许能够感受到更加丰富的信息</s>
<time>616_00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:02,280</time>
<s>毕竟最容易过时的就是观点</s>
<time>617_00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:05,160</time>
<s>而事实永远新鲜</s>
<time>618_00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:06,600</time>
<s>好谢谢大家</s>
