In_PRP 1856_CRD ,_PUN the_AT0 chief_AJ0 justice_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 wrote_VVD in_PRP the_AT0 infamous_AJ0 ruling_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 Dred_AJ0 Scott_NP0 case_NN1 that_CJT Black_AJ0 people_NN0 "_PUQ had_VHD for_PRP more_AV0 than_CJS a_AT0 century_NN1 before_AV0 been_VBN regarded_VVN as_PRP beings_NN2 of_PRF an_AT0 inferior_AJ0 order_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC altogether_AV0 unfit_AJ0 to_TO0 associate_VVI with_PRP the_AT0 white_AJ0 race_NN1 ,_PUN either_AV0 in_PRP social_AJ0 or_CJC political_AJ0 relations_NN2 ;_PUN and_CJC so_AV0 far_AV0 inferior_AJ0 ,_PUN that_CJT they_PNP had_VHD no_AT0 rights_NN2 which_DTQ the_AT0 white_AJ0 man_NN1 was_VBD bound_VVN to_TO0 respect_VVI ._SENT "_PUQ Editors_NN2 '_PUQ Picks_VVZ Everything_PNI You_PNP Need_VVB to_TO0 Know_VVI About_PRP the_AT0 Met_NN1 Gala_NN1 2022_CRD Why_AVQ Critics_NN2 of_PRF Angry_AJ0 Woke_VVD College_NN1 Kids_NN2 Are_VBB Missing_VVG the_AT0 Point_NN1 The_AT0 W.N.B.A._NP0 Strikes_VVZ an_AT0 Uneasy_AJ0 Silence_NN1 Over_PRP Brittney_NP0 Griner_NP0 The_AT0 country_NN1 went_VVD on_AVP to_TO0 fight_VVI a_AT0 Civil_AJ0 War_NN1 over_AV0 whether_CJS some_DT0 states_NN2 could_VM0 maintain_VVI slavery_NN1 as_CJS they_PNP wished_VVD ._SENT Even_AV0 some_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 people_NN0 arguing_VVG for_PRP ,_PUN and_CJC fighting_VVG for_PRP ,_PUN an_AT0 end_NN1 to_PRP slavery_NN1 had_VHD expressed_VVN their_DPS white_AJ0 supremacist_NN1 beliefs_NN2 ._SENT Abraham_NP0 Lincoln_NP0 said_VVD during_PRP his_DPS famous_AJ0 debates_NN2 against_PRP Stephen_NP0 A_NP0 ._SENT Douglas_NP0 in_PRP 1858_CRD that_DT0 among_PRP white_AJ0 people_NN0 and_CJC Black_AJ0 ones_NN2 "_PUQ there_EX0 must_VM0 be_VBI the_AT0 position_NN1 of_PRF superior_AJ0 and_CJC inferior_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC I_PNP ,_PUN as_CJS much_AV0 as_CJS any_DT0 other_AJ0 man_NN1 ,_PUN am_VBB in_PRP favor_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 superior_AJ0 position_NN1 being_VBG assigned_VVN to_PRP the_AT0 white_AJ0 man_NN1 ._SENT "_PUQ Some_DT0 will_VM0 concede_VVI the_AT0 historical_AJ0 point_NN1 and_CJC insist_VVB on_PRP the_AT0 progress_NN1 point_NN1 ,_PUN arguing_VVG that_CJT was_VBD then_AV0 and_CJC this_DT0 is_VBZ now_AV0 ,_PUN that_DT0 racism_NN1 simply_AV0 does_VDZ n't_XX0 exist_VVI now_AV0 as_CJS it_PNP did_VDD then_AV0 ._SENT I_PNP would_VM0 agree_VVI ._SENT American_AJ0 racism_NN1 has_VHZ evolved_VVN and_CJC become_VVN less_AV0 blunt_AJ0 ,_PUN but_CJC it_PNP has_VHZ not_XX0 become_VVN less_AV0 effective_AJ0 ._SENT The_AT0 knife_NN1 has_VHZ simply_AV0 been_VBN sharpened_VVN ._SENT Now_AV0 systems_NN2 do_VDB the_AT0 work_NN1 that_CJT once_AV0 required_VVN the_AT0 overt_AJ0 actions_NN2 of_PRF masses_NN2 of_PRF individual_AJ0 racists_NN2 ._SENT So_AV0 ,_PUN what_DTQ does_VDZ it_PNP mean_VVI for_PRP a_AT0 system_NN1 to_TO0 be_VBI racist_AJ0 ?_SENT Does_VDZ the_AT0 appellation_NN1 depend_VVI on_PRP the_AT0 system_NN1 in_PRP question_NN1 being_VBG openly_AV0 ,_PUN explicitly_AV0 racist_AJ0 from_PRP top_NN1 to_PRP bottom_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC simply_AV0 that_CJT there_EX0 is_VBZ some_DT0 degree_NN1 of_PRF measurable_AJ0 bias_NN1 embedded_VVN in_PRP those_DT0 systems_NN2 ?_SENT I_PNP assert_VVB the_AT0 latter_DT0 ._SENT America_NP0 is_VBZ not_XX0 the_AT0 same_DT0 country_NN1 it_PNP was_VBD ,_PUN but_CJC neither_DT0 is_VBZ it_PNP the_AT0 country_NN1 it_PNP purports_VVZ to_TO0 be_VBI ._SENT On_PRP some_DT0 level_NN1 this_DT0 is_VBZ a_AT0 tension_NN1 between_PRP American_AJ0 idealism_NN1 and_CJC American_AJ0 realism_NN1 ,_PUN between_PRP an_AT0 aspiration_NN1 and_CJC a_AT0 current_AJ0 condition_NN1 ._SENT And_CJC the_AT0 precise_AJ0 way_NN1 we_PNP phrase_VVB the_AT0 statement_NN1 makes_VVZ all_DT0 the_AT0 difference_NN1 :_PUN America_NP0 's_POS systems_NN2 —_PUN like_PRP its_DPS criminal_AJ0 justice_NN1 ,_PUN education_NN1 and_CJC medical_AJ0 systems_NN2 —_PUN have_VHB a_AT0 pro-white_AJ0 /_PUN anti-Black_AJ0 bias_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC an_AT0 extraordinary_AJ0 portion_NN1 of_PRF America_NP0 denies_VVZ or_CJC defends_VVZ those_DT0 biases_NN2 ._SENT As_CJS Mark_NP0 Twain_NN1 once_AV0 put_VVD it_PNP :_PUN "_PUQ The_AT0 difference_NN1 between_PRP the_AT0 almost_AV0 right_AJ0 word_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 right_AJ0 word_NN1 is_VBZ really_AV0 a_AT0 large_AJ0 matter_NN1 ._SENT '_PUQ Tis_NP0 the_AT0 difference_NN1 between_PRP the_AT0 lightning_NN1 bug_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 lightning_NN1 ._SENT "_PUQ 
