Annette_NP0 Meeks_NP0 '_POS commentary_NN1 about_PRP wake_NN1 boats_NN2 is_VBZ titled_VVN "_PUQ Do_VDB n't_XX0 make_VVI Minnesota_NP0 the_AT0 land_NN1 of_PRF countless_AJ0 lakes_NN2 ..._PUN but_CJC no_AT0 fun_NN1 "_PUQ (_PUL Opinion_NN1 Exchange_NN1 ,_PUN Sept._NP0 14_CRD )_PUR ._SENT Here_AV0 are_VBB some_DT0 facts_NN2 about_PRP what_DTQ Meeks_NP0 '_POS "_PUQ fun_NN1 "_PUQ costs_VVZ the_AT0 environment_NN1 :_PUN A_AT0 wake_NN1 boat_NN1 's_POS propeller_NN1 can_VM0 extend_VVI into_PRP the_AT0 water_NN1 four_CRD feet_NN2 ._SENT In_PRP order_NN1 to_TO0 produce_VVI waves_NN2 over_PRP three_CRD feet_NN2 high_AV0 ,_PUN wake_VVB boat_NN1 sterns_NN2 sit_VVB low_AJ0 in_PRP the_AT0 water_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 propeller_NN1 wash_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 powerful_AJ0 motor_NN1 can_VM0 damage_VVI or_CJC uproot_VVI vegetation_NN1 and_CJC stir_VVB up_AVP sediment_NN1 ,_PUN impacting_VVG the_AT0 lake_NN1 bed_NN1 16_CRD feet_NN2 deep_AV0 ._SENT Phosphorus_NN1 freed_VVN from_PRP the_AT0 sediment_NN1 can_VM0 fuel_VVI algae_NN2 and_CJC bacteria_NN2 blooms_NN2 ,_PUN creating_VVG problems_NN2 ranging_VVG from_PRP nuisance_NN1 conditions_NN2 to_PRP fish_NN0 kills_NN2 and_CJC serious_AJ0 health_NN1 problems_NN2 ._SENT The_AT0 disturbed_AJ0 sediments_NN2 also_AV0 decrease_VVB water_NN1 clarity_NN1 ,_PUN making_VVG it_PNP less_AV0 attractive_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC limiting_VVG the_AT0 depth_NN1 sunlight_NN1 can_VM0 penetrate_VVI to_TO0 sustain_VVI plant_NN1 growth_NN1 ._SENT Massive_AJ0 wakes_NN2 can_VM0 affect_VVI loons_NN2 ,_PUN fish_NN0 and_CJC other_AJ0 wildlife_NN1 ._SENT Loons_NN2 build_VVB their_DPS nests_NN2 in_PRP vegetation_NN1 like_PRP cattails_NN2 ,_PUN right_AV0 on_PRP the_AT0 edge_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 water_NN1 in_PRP calm_AJ0 areas_NN2 ._SENT The_AT0 eggs_NN2 are_VBB just_AV0 inches_NN2 above_PRP the_AT0 water_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 chicks_NN2 do_VDB n't_XX0 hatch_VVI until_PRP June_NP0 or_CJC early_AJ0 July_NP0 ._SENT Large_AJ0 wakes_NN2 can_VM0 destroy_VVI the_AT0 nest_NN1 and_CJC wash_VVB the_AT0 eggs_NN2 into_PRP the_AT0 water_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP addition_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 murky_AJ0 water_NN1 created_VVN by_PRP disturbed_AJ0 sediments_NN2 disrupts_VVZ the_AT0 ability_NN1 of_PRF loons_NN2 ,_PUN otters_NN2 and_CJC many_DT0 fish_NN0 to_TO0 spot_VVI their_DPS prey_NN1 ._SENT Many_DT0 fish_NN0 have_VHB "_PUQ nests_NN2 "_PUQ in_PRP shallow_AJ0 water_NN1 ._SENT Large_AJ0 wakes_NN2 and_CJC disturbed_AJ0 sediment_NN1 can_VM0 destroy_VVI the_AT0 eggs_NN2 ._SENT Increased_AJ0 turbidity_NN1 from_PRP sediment_NN1 reduces_VVZ the_AT0 ability_NN1 of_PRF fish_NN0 to_TO0 take_VVI in_PRP oxygen_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 water_NN1 ._SENT Small_AJ0 fish_NN0 need_VVB vegetation_NN1 to_TO0 hide_VVI from_PRP bigger_AJC fish_NN0 ._SENT If_CJS vegetation_NN1 is_VBZ lost_VVN there_EX0 will_VM0 be_VBI fewer_DT0 small_AJ0 fish_NN0 ,_PUN and_CJC with_PRP fewer_DT0 small_AJ0 fish_NN0 to_TO0 eat_VVI there_EX0 will_VM0 be_VBI fewer_DT0 big_AJ0 game_NN1 fish_NN0 ._SENT What_DTQ about_PRP invasive_AJ0 species_NN0 ?_SENT When_CJS surfing_AJ0 ,_PUN the_AT0 boats_NN2 carry_VVB up_AVP to_PRP 5_CRD ,_PUN 500_CRD pounds_NN2 of_PRF lake_NN1 water_NN1 as_PRP ballast_NN1 ._SENT A_AT0 study_NN1 showed_VVD that_CJT even_AV0 after_CJS emptying_VVG the_AT0 ballast_NN1 and_CJC running_VVG the_AT0 pumps_NN2 dry_AJ0 ,_PUN there_EX0 was_VBD still_AV0 an_AT0 average_NN1 of_PRF over_AV0 eight_CRD gallons_NN2 of_PRF lake_NN1 water_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 ballast_NN1 compartments_NN2 ._SENT Invasive_AJ0 plants_NN2 and_CJC organisms_NN2 can_VM0 survive_VVI many_DT0 days_NN2 in_PRP that_DT0 volume_NN1 ,_PUN then_AV0 be_VBI released_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 next_ORD lake_NN1 ._SENT Areas_NN2 of_PRF lake_NN1 bed_NN1 where_CJS native_AJ0 plants_NN2 have_VHB been_VBN destroyed_VVN by_PRP propeller_NN1 wash_NN1 or_CJC large_AJ0 wakes_NN2 are_VBB susceptible_AJ0 to_PRP invasive_AJ0 plants_NN2 ._SENT This_DT0 is_VBZ different_AJ0 from_PRP water_NN1 skiing_NN1 or_CJC Jet_NN1 Skis_NN2 ._SENT Water_NN1 skiers_NN2 want_VVB minimal_AJ0 wake_NN1 ,_PUN so_CJS ski_NN1 boats_NN2 are_VBB designed_VVN to_TO0 ride_VVI efficiently_AV0 "_PUQ on_PRP plane_NN1 ,_PUN "_PUQ skimming_VVG along_AVP the_AT0 water_NN1 's_POS surface_NN1 ,_PUN rather_AV0 than_CJS plowing_VVG through_PRP it_PNP ._SENT A_AT0 ski_NN1 boat_NN1 's_POS wake_NN1 is_VBZ much_AV0 smaller_AJC despite_PRP going_VVG more_AV0 than_CJS twice_AV0 as_CJS fast_AJ0 ._SENT 
