Technical_AJ0 challenges_NN2 are_VBB problems_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 workplace_NN1 or_CJC community_NN1 that_CJT are_VBB clearly_AV0 defined_VVN with_PRP known_AJ0 solutions_NN2 that_CJT can_VM0 be_VBI implemented_VVN through_PRP existing_AJ0 organizational_AJ0 rules_NN2 and_CJC procedures_NN2 ._SENT They_PNP are_VBB problems_NN2 that_CJT can_VM0 be_VBI solved_VVN by_PRP experts_NN2 ._SENT For_PRP technical_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ,_PUN people_NN0 look_VVB to_PRP the_AT0 leader_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 solution_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC they_PNP accept_VVB the_AT0 leader_NN1 's_POS authority_NN1 to_TO0 resolve_VVI the_AT0 problem_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN if_CJS employees_NN2 at_PRP a_AT0 tax_NN1 accounting_NN1 firm_NN1 are_VBB frustrated_VVN about_PRP a_AT0 newly_AV0 adopted_AJ0 tax_NN1 software_NN1 program_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 manager_NN1 at_PRP the_AT0 firm_NN1 could_VM0 assess_VVI the_AT0 software_NN1 issues_NN2 ,_PUN identify_VVB the_AT0 weaknesses_NN2 and_CJC problems_NN2 with_PRP the_AT0 software_NN1 ,_PUN contact_VVB the_AT0 company_NN1 that_CJT provided_VVD the_AT0 software_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC have_VHB the_AT0 programs_NN2 modified_VVN in_PRP accordance_NN1 with_PRP the_AT0 accountants_NN2 '_POS needs_NN2 at_PRP the_AT0 tax_NN1 firm_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 example_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 problem_NN1 is_VBZ identifiable_AJ0 ,_PUN it_PNP has_VHZ an_AT0 achievable_AJ0 solution_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC the_AT0 manager_NN1 at_PRP the_AT0 tax_NN1 firm_NN1 has_VHZ the_AT0 authority_NN1 to_TO0 address_VVI it_PNP through_PRP the_AT0 accepted_AJ0 structures_NN2 and_CJC procedures_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 organization_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 employees_NN2 look_VVB to_PRP the_AT0 manager_NN1 to_TO0 solve_VVI the_AT0 technical_AJ0 problem_NN1 and_CJC accept_VVB her_DPS or_CJC his_DPS authority_NN1 to_TO0 do_VDI so_AV0 ._SENT 
technical_AJ0 and_CJC Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 
Some_DT0 challenges_NN2 have_VHB both_AV0 a_AT0 technical_AJ0 and_CJC an_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 dimension_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 case_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 challenges_NN2 are_VBB clearly_AV0 defined_VVN but_CJC do_VDB not_XX0 have_VHI distinct_AJ0 straightforward_AJ0 solutions_NN2 within_PRP the_AT0 existing_AJ0 organizational_AJ0 system_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 responsibility_NN1 of_PRF tackling_VVG this_DT0 type_NN1 of_PRF challenge_NN1 is_VBZ shared_VVN between_PRP the_AT0 leader_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 people_NN0 ._SENT The_AT0 leader_NN1 may_VM0 act_VVI as_PRP a_AT0 resource_NN1 for_PRP others_NN2 and_CJC provide_VVB support_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC the_AT0 people_NN0 need_VVB to_TO0 do_VDI the_AT0 work_NN1 —_PUN they_PNP need_VVB to_TO0 learn_VVI to_TO0 change_VVI and_CJC adapt_VVI ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN if_CJS an_AT0 urban_AJ0 hospital_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 traditional_AJ0 approach_NN1 to_TO0 care_VVI (_PUL i.e._AV0 ,_PUN providers_NN2 are_VBB the_AT0 experts_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC patients_NN2 are_VBB the_AT0 visitors_NN2 )_PUR wanted_VVD to_TO0 establish_VVI a_AT0 patient-centered_AJ0 culture_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 goal_NN1 could_VM0 be_VBI clearly_AV0 laid_VVN out_AVP ._SENT To_TO0 reach_VVI the_AT0 goal_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 hospital_NN1 leadership_NN1 ,_PUN through_PRP its_DPS hierarchical_AJ0 authority_NN1 ,_PUN could_VM0 provide_VVI in-service_AJ0 training_NN1 on_PRP how_AVQ to_TO0 involve_VVI patients_NN2 in_PRP their_DPS own_DT0 care_NN1 ._SENT New_AJ0 rules_NN2 could_VM0 be_VBI designed_VVN to_TO0 preserve_VVI patients_NN2 '_POS personal_AJ0 routines_NN2 ,_PUN to_TO0 give_VVI them_PNP access_VVI to_PRP their_DPS own_DT0 records_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC to_TO0 give_VVI them_PNP more_DT0 control_NN1 of_PRF their_DPS own_DT0 treatment_NN1 ._SENT 
However_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 staff_NN0 ,_PUN doctors_NN2 ,_PUN patients_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC family_NN1 members_NN2 would_VM0 need_VVI to_TO0 accept_VVI the_AT0 proposed_AJ0 change_NN1 and_CJC learn_VVB how_AVQ to_TO0 implement_VVI it_PNP ._SENT Making_VVG the_AT0 hospital_NN1 a_AT0 model_NN1 of_PRF patient-centered_AJ0 care_NN1 would_VM0 require_VVI a_AT0 lot_NN1 of_PRF work_NN1 and_CJC adaptation_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 part_NN1 of_PRF many_DT0 different_AJ0 people_NN0 ._SENT 
Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 
Central_AJ0 to_PRP the_AT0 process_NN1 of_PRF adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 are_VBB adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ._SENT Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 are_VBB problems_NN2 that_CJT are_VBB not_XX0 clear-cut_AJ0 or_CJC easy_AJ0 to_TO0 identify_VVI ._SENT They_PNP cannot_VVB be_VBI solved_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 leader_NN1 's_POS authority_NN1 or_CJC expertise_NN1 or_CJC through_PRP the_AT0 normal_AJ0 ways_NN2 of_PRF doing_VDG things_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 organization_NN1 ._SENT Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 require_VVB that_CJT leaders_NN2 encourage_VVB others_NN2 ,_PUN with_PRP their_DPS support_NN1 ,_PUN to_TO0 define_VVI challenging_AJ0 situations_NN2 and_CJC implement_VVB solutions_NN2 ._SENT Not_XX0 easy_AJ0 to_TO0 tackle_VVI and_CJC often_AV0 resisted_VVN ,_PUN adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 are_VBB difficult_AJ0 because_CJS they_PNP usually_AV0 require_VVB changes_NN2 in_PRP people_NN0 's_POS assumptions_NN2 ,_PUN perceptions_NN2 ,_PUN beliefs_NN2 ,_PUN attitudes_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC behaviors_NN2 ._SENT An_AT0 example_NN1 of_PRF adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 would_VM0 be_VBI the_AT0 problems_NN2 and_CJC concerns_VVZ a_AT0 family_NN1 confronts_VVZ when_CJS placing_VVG a_AT0 parent_NN1 in_PRP hospice_NN1 care_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP a_AT0 hospice_NN1 ,_PUN there_EX0 is_VBZ a_AT0 great_AJ0 deal_NN1 of_PRF uncertainty_NN1 for_PRP patients_NN2 and_CJC families_NN2 about_PRP how_AVQ and_CJC when_AVQ the_AT0 patient_NN1 will_VM0 die_VVI and_CJC how_AVQ to_TO0 best_AV0 comfort_VVI the_AT0 patient_NN1 during_PRP this_DT0 time_NN1 ._SENT While_CJS hospice_NN1 workers_NN2 can_VM0 give_VVI support_NN1 and_CJC informal_AJ0 feedback_NN1 about_PRP the_AT0 dying_AJ0 process_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 patient_NN1 and_CJC his_DPS or_CJC her_DPS family_NN1 have_VHB to_TO0 come_VVI to_PRP grips_NN2 with_PRP how_AVQ they_PNP want_VVB to_TO0 approach_VVI the_AT0 patient_NN1 's_POS final_AJ0 days_NN2 ._SENT What_DTQ does_VDZ the_AT0 impending_AJ0 loss_NN1 mean_VVB ?_SENT How_AVQ can_VM0 they_PNP prepare_VVI for_PRP it_PNP ?_SENT How_AVQ will_VM0 they_PNP cope_VVI with_PRP the_AT0 loss_NN1 going_VVG forward_AV0 ?_SENT In_PRP this_DT0 context_NN1 ,_PUN adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 is_VBZ about_PRP mobilizing_VVG the_AT0 patient_NN1 and_CJC family_NN1 members_NN2 to_TO0 address_VVI the_AT0 many_DT0 questions_NN2 and_CJC concerns_NN2 that_CJT surround_VVB the_AT0 death_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 family_NN1 member_NN1 ._SENT Hospice_NN1 nurses_NN2 ,_PUN social_AJ0 workers_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC staff_NN0 all_AV0 play_VVB an_AT0 important_AJ0 role_NN1 in_PRP helping_VVG families_NN2 cope_VVI ,_PUN but_CJC at_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ the_AT0 families_NN2 that_CJT have_VHB to_TO0 confront_VVI the_AT0 complexities_NN2 and_CJC concerns_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 impending_AJ0 loss_NN1 ._SENT 
Leader_NN1 Behaviors_NN2 
As_CJS shown_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 middle_NN1 of_PRF Figure_NN1 11.1_CRD ,_PUN six_CRD leader_NN1 behaviors_NN2 ,_PUN or_CJC activities_NN2 ,_PUN play_VVB a_AT0 pivotal_AJ0 role_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 process_NN1 of_PRF adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 ._SENT Based_VVN on_PRP the_AT0 work_NN1 of_PRF Heifetz_NP0 and_CJC his_DPS colleagues_NN2 (_PUL Heifetz_NP0 ,_PUN 1994_CRD ;_PUN Heifetz_NP0 &_NP0 Laurie_NP0 ,_PUN 1997_CRD )_PUR ,_PUN these_DT0 behaviors_NN2 are_VBB general_AJ0 prescriptions_NN2 for_PRP leaders_NN2 when_CJS helping_VVG others_NN2 confront_VVI difficult_AJ0 challenges_NN2 and_CJC the_AT0 inevitable_AJ0 changes_NN2 that_CJT accompany_VVB them_PNP ._SENT 
Although_CJS there_EX0 is_VBZ a_AT0 general_AJ0 order_NN1 as_CJS to_PRP which_DTQ leader_NN1 behavior_NN1 comes_VVZ first_ORD in_PRP the_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 process_NN1 ,_PUN many_DT0 of_PRF these_DT0 behaviors_NN2 overlap_VVB with_PRP each_DT0 other_AJ0 and_CJC should_VM0 be_VBI demonstrated_VVN by_PRP leaders_NN2 at_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 ._SENT Taken_VVN together_AV0 ,_PUN these_DT0 leader_NN1 behaviors_NN2 suggest_VVB a_AT0 kind_NN1 of_PRF recipe_NN1 for_PRP being_VBG an_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 leader_NN1 ._SENT 
1._CRD Get_VVB on_PRP the_AT0 Balcony_NN1 
A_AT0 prerequisite_NN1 for_PRP the_AT0 other_AJ0 adaptive_AJ0 leader_NN1 behaviors_NN2 ,_PUN "_PUQ getting_VVG on_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 "_PUQ is_VBZ a_AT0 metaphor_NN1 for_PRP stepping_VVG out_AVP of_PRF the_AT0 fray_NN1 and_CJC finding_VVG perspective_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 midst_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 challenging_AJ0 situation_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP is_VBZ an_AT0 allusion_NN1 to_PRP a_AT0 dance_NN1 floor_NN1 and_CJC that_CJT one_PNI needs_VVZ to_TO0 be_VBI above_PRP the_AT0 dancing_NN1 to_TO0 understand_VVI what_DTQ 's_VBZ going_VVG on_AVP below_AV0 ._SENT Being_VBG on_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 enables_VVZ the_AT0 leader_NN1 to_TO0 see_VVI the_AT0 big_AJ0 picture_NN1 —_PUN what_DTQ is_VBZ really_AV0 happening_VVG ._SENT On_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 leader_NN1 is_VBZ momentarily_AV0 away_AV0 from_PRP the_AT0 noise_NN1 ,_PUN activity_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC chaos_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 situation_NN1 ,_PUN allowing_VVG him_PNP or_CJC her_PNP to_TO0 gain_VVI a_AT0 clearer_AJC view_NN1 of_PRF reality_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP allows_VVZ the_AT0 leader_NN1 to_TO0 identify_VVI value_NN1 and_CJC power_NN1 conflicts_NN2 among_PRP people_NN0 ,_PUN ways_NN2 they_PNP may_VM0 be_VBI avoiding_VVG work_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC other_AJ0 dysfunctional_AJ0 reactions_NN2 to_PRP change_NN1 (_PUL Heifetz_NP0 &_NP0 Laurie_NP0 ,_PUN 1997_CRD )_PUR ._SENT Getting_VVG on_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 can_VM0 include_VVI such_DT0 things_NN2 as_CJS taking_VVG some_DT0 quiet_AJ0 time_NN1 ,_PUN forming_VVG a_AT0 group_NN1 of_PRF unofficial_AJ0 advisers_NN2 for_PRP alternative_AJ0 discussions_NN2 about_PRP organizational_AJ0 issues_NN2 ,_PUN or_CJC simply_AV0 attending_VVG meetings_NN2 as_PRP an_AT0 observer_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP the_AT0 model_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 leader_NN1 is_VBZ urged_VVN to_TO0 step_VVI away_AV0 from_PRP the_AT0 conflict_NN1 in_PRP order_NN1 to_TO0 see_VVI it_PNP fully_AV0 ,_PUN but_CJC never_AV0 to_TO0 dissociate_VVI entirely_AV0 from_PRP the_AT0 conflict_NN1 ._SENT Effective_AJ0 leaders_NN2 are_VBB able_AJ0 to_TO0 move_VVI back_AVP and_CJC forth_AV0 as_CJS a_AT0 participant_NN1 and_CJC observer_NN1 between_PRP the_AT0 struggles_NN2 of_PRF their_DPS people_NN0 and_CJC the_AT0 intentions_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 group_NN1 ,_PUN organization_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC community_NN1 ._SENT 
To_TO0 understand_VVI what_DTQ it_PNP means_VVZ to_TO0 stand_VVI on_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 ,_PUN imagine_VVB yourself_PNX as_PRP the_AT0 principal_NN1 of_PRF an_AT0 elementary_AJ0 school_NN1 ._SENT From_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 ,_PUN you_PNP see_VVB all_DT0 the_AT0 pieces_NN2 that_CJT go_VVB into_PRP educating_VVG your_DPS students_NN2 :_PUN federal_AJ0 and_CJC state_NN1 requirements_NN2 ,_PUN teachers_NN2 and_CJC staff_NN0 ,_PUN budgets_NN2 ,_PUN teacher_NN1 evaluations_NN2 ,_PUN parents_NN2 and_CJC discipline_NN1 ,_PUN not_XX0 to_TO0 mention_VVI the_AT0 children_NN2 themselves_PNX ._SENT From_PRP above_AV0 ,_PUN you_PNP can_VM0 see_VVI how_AVQ these_DT0 issues_NN2 relate_VVB to_PRP and_CJC affect_VVB one_CRD another_DT0 ,_PUN and_CJC who_PNQ is_VBZ dancing_VVG with_PRP which_DTQ partners_NN2 ,_PUN all_AV0 while_CJS working_VVG toward_PRP the_AT0 common_AJ0 goal_NN1 of_PRF educating_AJ0 children_NN2 ._SENT 
Another_DT0 example_NN1 would_VM0 be_VBI a_AT0 chief_AJ0 union_NN1 negotiator_NN1 ,_PUN who_PNQ in_PRP the_AT0 midst_NN1 of_PRF difficult_AJ0 labor_NN1 talks_VVZ steps_NN2 away_AV0 from_PRP the_AT0 table_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 moment_NN1 to_TO0 separate_VVI from_PRP the_AT0 emotion_NN1 and_CJC intensity_NN1 and_CJC reflect_VVB on_PRP the_AT0 goals_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 talks_NN2 ._SENT Once_AV0 this_DT0 leader_NN1 feels_VVZ she_PNP again_AV0 has_VHZ a_AT0 grasp_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 issues_NN2 at_PRP hand_NN1 ,_PUN she_PNP dives_VVZ directly_AV0 back_AVP into_PRP negotiations_NN2 ._SENT In_PRP both_DT0 of_PRF these_DT0 examples_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 leader_NN1 takes_VVZ time_NN1 to_TO0 see_VVI the_AT0 "_PUQ big_AJ0 "_PUQ picture_NN1 as_PRP an_AT0 observer_NN1 but_CJC also_AV0 stays_VVZ engaged_VVN as_PRP a_AT0 participant_NN1 with_PRP the_AT0 challenges_NN2 his_DPS or_CJC her_DPS people_NN0 are_VBB confronting_VVG ._SENT 
2._CRD identify_VVB Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 
In_PRP addition_NN1 to_PRP getting_VVG on_PRP the_AT0 balcony_NN1 and_CJC observing_VVG the_AT0 dynamics_NN0 of_PRF the_AT0 complex_AJ0 situations_NN2 people_NN0 face_NN1 ,_PUN leaders_NN2 must_VM0 analyze_VVI and_CJC diagnose_VVI these_DT0 challenges_NN2 ._SENT Central_AJ0 to_PRP this_DT0 process_NN1 is_VBZ differentiating_VVG between_PRP technical_AJ0 and_CJC adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ._SENT Failures_NN2 in_PRP leadership_NN1 often_AV0 occur_VVB because_CJS leaders_NN2 fail_VVB to_TO0 diagnose_VVI challenges_NN2 correctly_AV0 ._SENT The_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 process_NN1 suggests_VVZ that_CJT leaders_NN2 are_VBB most_AV0 effective_AJ0 using_VVG adaptive_AJ0 leadership_NN1 behaviors_NN2 for_PRP adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 and_CJC technical_AJ0 leadership_NN1 for_PRP technical_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ._SENT Treating_VVG challenges_NN2 with_PRP the_AT0 wrong_AJ0 kind_NN1 of_PRF leadership_NN1 is_VBZ maladaptive_AJ0 ._SENT 
If_CJS challenges_NN2 are_VBB technical_AJ0 in_PRP nature_NN1 ,_PUN leaders_NN2 can_VM0 fix_VVI the_AT0 problem_NN1 with_PRP their_DPS own_DT0 expertise_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN in_PRP a_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 environment_NN1 ,_PUN problems_NN2 that_CJT arise_VVB in_PRP scheduling_NN1 ,_PUN product_NN1 sales_NN0 quotas_NN2 ,_PUN facility_NN1 expansion_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC raising_VVG the_AT0 minimum_AJ0 wage_NN1 are_VBB all_DT0 problems_NN2 the_AT0 leader_NN1 can_VM0 use_VVI his_DPS or_CJC her_DPS authority_NN1 to_TO0 resolve_VVI ._SENT However_AV0 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ essential_AJ0 that_CJT a_AT0 leader_NN1 also_AV0 know_VVB when_AVQ his_DPS or_CJC her_DPS authority_NN1 is_VBZ not_XX0 sufficient_AJ0 or_CJC appropriate_AJ0 to_TO0 address_VVI a_AT0 particular_AJ0 challenge_NN1 ._SENT 
When_CJS people_NN0 's_POS beliefs_NN2 ,_PUN attitudes_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC values_NN2 are_VBB affected_VVN by_PRP a_AT0 problem_NN1 ,_PUN leaders_NN2 need_VVB to_TO0 take_VVI an_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 approach_NN1 ._SENT How_AVQ a_AT0 leader_NN1 decides_VVZ if_CJS he_PNP or_CJC she_PNP faces_VVZ an_AT0 adaptive_AJ0 challenge_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO0 determine_VVI whether_CJS or_CJC not_XX0 the_AT0 challenge_NN1 strikes_VVZ at_PRP the_AT0 core_NN1 feelings_NN2 and_CJC thoughts_NN2 of_PRF others_NN2 ._SENT Adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 are_VBB usually_AV0 value_NN1 laden_VVN and_CJC stir_VVB up_AVP people_NN0 's_POS emotions_NN2 ._SENT Furthermore_AV0 ,_PUN if_CJS challenges_NN2 require_VVB that_CJT people_NN0 learn_VVB new_AJ0 ways_NN2 of_PRF coping_NN1 ,_PUN they_PNP are_VBB adaptive_AJ0 ._SENT Take_VVB the_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 environment_NN1 that_CJT was_VBD discussed_VVN earlier_AV0 ._SENT If_CJS another_DT0 company_NN1 buys_VVZ that_CJT manufacturing_NN1 facility_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 new_AJ0 owners_NN2 implement_VVB production_NN1 procedures_NN2 and_CJC standards_NN2 that_CJT the_AT0 facility_NN1 's_POS workers_NN2 are_VBB unfamiliar_AJ0 with_PRP ,_PUN these_DT0 changes_NN2 would_VM0 create_VVI adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 for_PRP the_AT0 workers_NN2 ._SENT Identifying_VVG adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 means_NN0 leaders_NN2 need_VVB to_TO0 focus_VVI their_DPS attention_NN1 on_PRP problems_NN2 Member_NN1 expertise_NN1 they_PNP cannot_VVB solve_VVB themselves_PNX and_CJC that_DT0 demand_NN1 collaboration_NN1 between_PRP the_AT0 leader_NN1 and_CJC followers_NN2 ._SENT For_PRP adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ,_PUN leaders_NN2 do_VDB what_DTQ is_VBZ necessary_AJ0 (_PUL e.g._AV0 ,_PUN give_VVB support_NN1 ,_PUN challenge_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC even_AV0 take_VVB themselves_PNX out_AVP of_PRF the_AT0 picture_NN1 )_PUR to_TO0 mobilize_VVI others_NN2 to_TO0 do_VDI the_AT0 work_NN1 they_PNP need_VVB to_TO0 do_VDI ._SENT 
To_PRP more_AV0 easily_AV0 identify_VVI complex_AJ0 adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 and_CJC also_AV0 distinguish_VVB them_PNP from_PRP technical_AJ0 challenges_NN2 ,_PUN there_EX0 are_VBB four_CRD archetypes_NN2 or_CJC basic_AJ0 patterns_NN2 of_PRF adaptive_AJ0 change_NN1 to_TO0 consider_VVI (_PUL Heifetz_NP0 et_NP0 al._NP0 ,_PUN 2009_CRD )_PUR ._SENT 
Archetype_NN1 1_CRD :_PUN Gap_NN1 Between_PRP Espoused_AJ0 Values_NN2 and_CJC Behavior_NN1 ._SENT This_DT0 archetype_NN1 is_VBZ present_AJ0 when_CJS an_AT0 organization_NN1 espouses_VVZ ,_PUN or_CJC claims_NN2 ,_PUN to_TO0 adhere_VVI to_PRP values_NN2 that_CJT it_PNP does_VDZ n't_XX0 in_PRP reality_NN1 support_NN1 by_PRP its_DPS actions_NN2 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 company_NN1 that_CJT promotes_VVZ itself_PNX as_PRP a_AT0 family-friendly_AJ0 place_NN1 to_TO0 work_VVI but_CJC does_VDZ not_XX0 have_VHI a_AT0 flexible-hour_AJ0 work_NN1 policy_NN1 ,_PUN an_AT0 extended_AJ0 maternity_NN1 leave_NN1 policy_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC in-house_AJ0 child_NN1 care_NN1 does_VDZ n't_XX0 have_VHI behaviors_NN2 that_CJT match_VVB the_AT0 family-friendly_AJ0 image_NN1 it_PNP promotes_VVZ itself_PNX as_CJS having_VHG ._SENT 
Archetype_NN1 2_CRD :_PUN Competing_AJ0 Commitments_NN2 ._SENT When_CJS an_AT0 organization_NN1 has_VHZ numerous_AJ0 commitments_NN2 and_CJC some_DT0 come_VVN into_PRP conflict_NN1 with_PRP each_DT0 other_NN1 ,_PUN this_DT0 archetype_NN1 is_VBZ in_PRP play_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 health_NN1 and_CJC fitness_NN1 center_NN1 wants_VVZ to_TO0 grow_VVI and_CJC expand_VVI its_DPS services_NN2 but_CJC at_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 sees_VVZ the_AT0 best_AJS way_NN1 to_TO0 reduce_VVI costs_NN2 is_VBZ by_PRP trim-ming_VVG the_AT0 number_NN1 of_PRF trainers_NN2 and_CJC staff_NN0 it_PNP employs_VVZ ._SENT 
Archetype_NN1 3_CRD :_PUN Speaking_VVG the_AT0 Unspeakable_AJ0 ._SENT The_AT0 phrases_NN2 "_PUQ sacred_AJ0 cow_NN1 "_PUQ and_CJC "_PUQ elephant_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 room_NN1 "_PUQ are_VBB examples_NN2 of_PRF this_DT0 archetype_NN1 —_PUN when_CJS there_EX0 are_VBB radical_AJ0 ideas_NN2 ,_PUN unpopular_AJ0 issues_NN2 ,_PUN or_CJC conflicting_AJ0 perspectives_NN2 that_CJT people_NN0 do_VDB n't_XX0 dare_VVI address_NN1 because_CJS of_PRF their_DPS sensitive_AJ0 or_CJC controversial_AJ0 nature_NN1 ._SENT Speaking_VVG out_AVP about_PRP these_DT0 is_VBZ seen_VVN as_CJS "_PUQ risky_AJ0 ._SENT "_PUQ Consider_VVB an_AT0 organization_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 well-liked_AJ0 ,_PUN established_AJ0 owner_NN1 who_PNQ is_VBZ perceived_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 employees_NN2 as_CJS "_PUQ over_PRP the_AT0 hill_NN1 "_PUQ and_CJC not_XX0 in_PRP touch_NN1 with_PRP the_AT0 current_AJ0 business_NN1 climate_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC no_AT0 one_PNI is_VBZ willing_AJ0 to_TO0 discuss_VVI the_AT0 matter_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP is_VBZ easier_AJC to_TO0 suffer_VVI the_AT0 consequences_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 owner_NN1 's_POS dated_AJ0 leadership_NN1 than_CJS confront_VVB the_AT0 man_NN1 and_CJC risk_NN1 hurting_VVG him_PNP ._SENT 
Archetype_NN1 4_CRD :_PUN Work_NN1 Avoidance_NN1 ._SENT This_DT0 archetype_NN1 represents_VVZ a_AT0 situation_NN1 where_AVQ people_NN0 avoid_VVB addressing_VVG difficult_AJ0 issues_NN2 by_PRP staying_VVG within_PRP their_DPS "_PUQ comfort_NN1 zone_NN1 "_PUQ or_CJC by_PRP using_VVG diversionary_AJ0 methods_NN2 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN coworkers_NN2 at_PRP a_AT0 company_NN1 refuse_VVB to_TO0 confront_VVI or_CJC discuss_VVI a_AT0 very_AV0 skilled_AJ0 employee_NN1 who_PNQ is_VBZ not_XX0 participating_AJ0 in_PRP organizational_AJ0 planning_NN1 because_CJS he_PNP feels_VVZ the_AT0 company_NN1 suffers_VVZ from_PRP institutional_AJ0 racism_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP is_VBZ easier_AJC to_TO0 continue_VVI to_TO0 do_VDI the_AT0 same_DT0 things_NN2 and_CJC avoid_VVB the_AT0 concerns_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 disgruntled_AJ0 employee_NN1 ._SENT Another_DT0 example_NN1 would_VM0 be_VBI an_AT0 ad_NN1 agency_NN1 that_CJT has_VHZ a_AT0 graphic_AJ0 designer_NN1 who_PNQ is_VBZ not_XX0 able_AJ0 to_TO0 produce_VVI the_AT0 quality_NN1 of_PRF creative_AJ0 work_NN1 needed_VVD ,_PUN so_AV0 ,_PUN rather_AV0 than_CJS address_VVI the_AT0 problem_NN1 directly_AV0 ,_PUN that_DT0 designer_NN1 is_VBZ assigned_VVN menial_AJ0 jobs_NN2 that_CJT are_VBB essentially_AV0 busy_AJ0 work_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 agency_NN1 then_AV0 hires_VVZ a_AT0 second_ORD graphic_AJ0 designer_NN1 to_TO0 do_VDI the_AT0 more_AV0 creative_AJ0 work_NN1 despite_PRP the_AT0 cost_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 fact_NN1 that_CJT the_AT0 agency_NN1 does_VDZ n't_XX0 have_VHI enough_DT0 work_NN1 to_TO0 justify_VVI two_CRD designers_NN2 ._SENT 
These_DT0 four_CRD archetypes_NN2 are_VBB representative_AJ0 of_PRF some_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 common_AJ0 challenges_NN2 that_CJT require_VVB adaptive_AJ0 change_NN1 ._SENT Although_CJS they_PNP do_VDB not_XX0 describe_VVI every_AT0 possible_AJ0 type_NN1 of_PRF adaptive_AJ0 change_NN1 ,_PUN they_PNP are_VBB useful_AJ0 as_PRP frames_NN2 of_PRF reference_NN1 when_CJS trying_VVG to_TO0 identify_VVI adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 in_PRP a_AT0 particular_AJ0 organizational_AJ0 setting_NN1 ._SENT 
3._CRD regulate_VVB Distress_NN1 
A_AT0 third_ORD behavior_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC activity_NN1 ,_PUN important_AJ0 for_PRP adaptive_AJ0 leaders_NN2 is_VBZ to_TO0 regulate_VVI distress_NN1 (_PUL Figure_NN1 11.1_CRD )_PUR ._SENT Psychologically_AV0 ,_PUN we_PNP all_AV0 have_VHB a_AT0 need_NN1 for_PRP consistency_NN1 —_PUN to_TO0 keep_VVI our_DPS beliefs_NN2 ,_PUN attitudes_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC values_VVZ the_AT0 same_DT0 ._SENT In_PRP fact_NN1 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ quite_AV0 natural_AJ0 for_PRP individuals_NN2 to_TO0 be_VBI more_AV0 comfortable_AJ0 when_CJS things_NN2 are_VBB predictable_AJ0 and_CJC their_DPS way_NN1 of_PRF doing_VDG things_NN2 stays_VVZ the_AT0 same_DT0 ._SENT But_CJC adaptive_AJ0 challenges_NN2 create_VVB the_AT0 need_NN1 to_TO0 change_VVI ,_PUN and_CJC the_AT0 process_NN1 of_PRF change_NN1 creates_VVZ uncertainty_NN1 and_CJC distress_NN1 for_PRP people_NN0 ._SENT 
