CHAPTER_NN1 11_CRD 
Actually_AV0 ,_PUN Wokeness_NP0 Is_VBZ Literally_AV0 a_AT0 Religion_NN1 
DO_VDB FIRED_VVD EMPLOYEES_NN2 LIKE_PRP JAMES_NP0 Damore_NP0 have_VHB legal_AJ0 recourse_NN1 against_PRP employers_NN2 like_PRP Google_NP0 on_PRP grounds_NN2 of_PRF being_VBG fired_VVN for_PRP political_AJ0 or_CJC social_AJ0 views_NN2 ?_SENT 
It_PNP turns_VVZ out_AVP the_AT0 legal_AJ0 answer_NN1 revolves_VVZ around_PRP the_AT0 question_NN1 I_PNP raised_VVD in_PRP the_AT0 last_ORD chapter_NN1 :_PUN Is_VBZ wokeness_NN1 a_AT0 religion_NN1 ?_SENT In_PRP that_DT0 chapter_NN1 ,_PUN I_PNP argued_VVD that_CJT for_PRP practical_AJ0 and_CJC moral_AJ0 purposes_NN2 ,_PUN wokeness_NN1 acts_VVZ increasingly_AV0 like_PRP a_AT0 religion_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 chapter_NN1 ,_PUN I_PNP 'll_VM0 prove_VVI that_DT0 wokeness_NN1 actually_AV0 is_VBZ a_AT0 religion_NN1 ,_PUN from_PRP a_AT0 legal_AJ0 perspective_NN1 ._SENT That_DT0 means_VVZ both_AV0 that_DT0 employees_NN2 like_PRP Damore_NP0 have_VHB some_DT0 protection_NN1 from_PRP woke_VVD employers_NN2 and_CJC that_DT0 woke_VVD employees_NN2 have_VHB certain_AJ0 protections_NN2 as_CJS well_AV0 ._SENT Being_VBG a_AT0 religion_NN1 comes_VVZ with_PRP legal_AJ0 costs_NN2 and_CJC benefits_NN2 ._SENT 
The_AT0 bottom_AJ0 line_NN1 is_VBZ that_CJT there_EX0 's_VBZ an_AT0 easy_AJ0 ,_PUN bipartisan_AJ0 solution_NN1 to_PRP our_DPS cultural_AJ0 battles_NN2 over_PRP political_AJ0 firings_NN2 hiding_VVG in_PRP plain_AJ0 sight_NN1 ._SENT We_PNP do_VDB n't_XX0 have_VHI to_TO0 pass_VVI any_DT0 new_AJ0 laws_NN2 or_CJC pressure_NN1 judges_NN2 to_TO0 engage_VVI in_PRP any_DT0 kind_NN1 of_PRF judicial_AJ0 activism_NN1 ._SENT If_CJS lawyers_NN2 just_AV0 bring_VVB the_AT0 right_AJ0 cases_NN2 ,_PUN using_VVG the_AT0 right_AJ0 legal_AJ0 theories_NN2 ,_PUN existing_AJ0 law_NN1 will_VM0 provide_VVI perfectly_AV0 good_AJ0 protection_NN1 to_PRP many_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 people_NN0 getting_VVG fired_VVN over_PRP their_DPS political_AJ0 views_NN2 ,_PUN whether_CJS they_PNP 're_VBB liberal_AJ0 or_CJC conservative_AJ0 ._SENT And_CJC the_AT0 court_NN1 system_NN1 is_VBZ one_CRD of_PRF our_DPS country_NN1 's_POS few_DT0 institutions_NN2 that_CJT both_DT0 sides_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 aisle_NN1 still_AV0 have_VHB a_AT0 bit_NN1 of_PRF faith_NN1 in_PRP ,_PUN so_CJS we_PNP can_VM0 turn_VVI adjudication_NN1 of_PRF these_DT0 issues_NN2 over_AVP to_PRP it_PNP ,_PUN once_AV0 lawyers_NN2 just_AV0 start_VVB making_VVG the_AT0 right_AJ0 arguments_NN2 ._SENT 
But_CJC before_CJS we_PNP dig_VVB into_PRP what_DTQ the_AT0 law_NN1 is_VBZ ,_PUN let_VVB 's_POS play_VVB an_AT0 old_AJ0 Yale_NP0 Law_NN1 School_NN1 game_NN1 :_PUN What_DTQ should_VM0 the_AT0 law_NN1 be_VBI ?_SENT Should_VM0 employees_NN2 like_PRP James_NP0 Damore_NP0 or_CJC Sasha_NP0 White_NP0 have_VHB legal_AJ0 recourse_NN1 against_PRP their_DPS employers_NN2 when_CJS they_PNP 're_VBB fired_VVN over_PRP their_DPS political_AJ0 views_NN2 ?_SENT 
Libertarians_NN2 and_CJC classical_AJ0 conservatives_NN2 would_VM0 argue_VVI no_AV0 because_CJS the_AT0 labor_NN1 market_NN1 is_VBZ capable_AJ0 of_PRF fixing_VVG this_DT0 problem_NN1 on_PRP its_DPS own_DT0 without_PRP government_NN1 intervention_NN1 ._SENT There_EX0 could_VM0 be_VBI another_DT0 employer_NN1 —_PUN let_VVB 's_POS call_VVB it_PNP "_PUQ Shmoogle_NN1 "_PUQ —_PUN that_DT0 invites_VVZ engineers_NN2 with_PRP alternative_AJ0 points_NN2 of_PRF view_NN1 and_CJC creates_VVZ an_AT0 environment_NN1 that_DT0 is_VBZ more_AV0 open_AJ0 to_PRP diversity_NN1 of_PRF ideas_NN2 than_CJS is_VBZ Google_NP0 ._SENT Shmoogle_NP0 would_VM0 presumably_AV0 enjoy_VVI a_AT0 competitive_AJ0 advantage_NN1 in_PRP being_VBG able_AJ0 to_TO0 hire_VVI talented_AJ0 engineers_NN2 who_PNQ valued_VVD that_DT0 culture_NN1 more_AV0 than_CJS Google_NP0 's_POS monolithic_AJ0 one_CRD ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 market_NN1 itself_PNX is_VBZ a_AT0 sufficient_AJ0 tool_NN1 to_TO0 preserve_VVI a_AT0 thriving_AJ0 marketplace_NN1 of_PRF ideas_NN2 ._SENT 
This_DT0 libertarian_AJ0 perspective_NN1 is_VBZ as_AV0 valid_AJ0 as_CJS it_PNP is_VBZ irrelevant_AJ0 ._SENT It_PNP 's_VBZ not_XX0 even_AV0 clear_AJ0 that_CJT the_AT0 free_AJ0 market_NN1 would_VM0 correct_VVI for_PRP political_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 —_PUN after_PRP all_DT0 ,_PUN it_PNP did_VDD n't_XX0 fully_AV0 correct_AJ0 for_PRP racial_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 Jim_NP0 Crow_NP0 era_NN1 ._SENT But_CJC this_DT0 is_VBZ a_AT0 moot_AJ0 point_NN1 anyway_AV0 ._SENT As_CJS a_AT0 society_NN1 we_PNP 've_VHB already_AV0 accepted_VVN government_NN1 intervention_NN1 in_PRP ordinary_AJ0 course_NN1 hiring-and-firing_NN1 decisions_NN2 over_PRP the_AT0 last_ORD five_CRD decades_NN2 ._SENT 
The_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964_CRD prohibits_VVZ discrimination_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF race_NN1 ,_PUN color_NN1 ,_PUN religion_NN1 ,_PUN sex_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC national_AJ0 origin_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP was_VBD the_AT0 signature_NN1 achievement_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 nonviolent_AJ0 civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 movement_NN1 led_VVD by_PRP Martin_NP0 Luther_NP0 King_NP0 ,_PUN Jr._NP0 One_CRD of_PRF its_DPS biggest_AJS components_NN2 was_VBD Title_NN1 VII_CRD 's_POS ban_NN1 on_PRP employment_NN1 discrimination_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP also_AV0 had_VHD a_AT0 number_NN1 of_PRF provisions_NN2 desegregating_VVG public_AJ0 spaces_NN2 and_CJC prohibiting_VVG the_AT0 use_NN1 of_PRF voting_VVG registration_NN1 laws_NN2 to_TO0 disenfranchise_VVI minorities_NN2 ._SENT After_PRP Dr._NP0 King_NP0 's_POS assassination_NN1 led_VVD to_PRP a_AT0 wave_NN1 of_PRF riots_NN2 ,_PUN Congress_NN1 passed_VVD the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1968_CRD ,_PUN which_DTQ extended_VVD protection_NN1 from_PRP discrimination_NN1 to_PRP housing_NN1 ,_PUN saying_VVG that_CJT those_DT0 selling_NN1 ,_PUN renting_VVG ,_PUN and_CJC financing_NN1 housing_NN1 could_VM0 n't_XX0 discriminate_VVI on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF race_NN1 ,_PUN religion_NN1 ,_PUN national_AJ0 origin_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC ,_PUN in_PRP later_AJC additions_NN2 ,_PUN disability_NN1 or_CJC sex_NN1 ._SENT 
Even_AV0 before_CJS these_DT0 civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 acts_VVZ the_AT0 Fourteenth_ORD Amendment_NN1 had_VHD sought_VVN to_TO0 address_VVI our_DPS nation_NN1 's_POS history_NN1 of_PRF slavery_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 number_NN1 of_PRF sweeping_AJ0 provisions_NN2 protecting_VVG rights_NN2 like_PRP due_AJ0 process_NN1 and_CJC equal_AJ0 protection_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 law_NN1 ._SENT But_CJC ,_PUN crucially_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 Fourteenth_ORD Amendment_NN1 stops_VVZ state_NN1 governments_NN2 from_PRP discriminating_VVG against_PRP people_NN0 ;_PUN it_PNP does_VDZ nothing_PNI about_PRP discrimination_NN1 from_PRP private_AJ0 entities_NN2 like_PRP employers_NN2 or_CJC landlords_NN2 ._SENT By_PRP the_AT0 1960s_CRD ,_PUN it_PNP was_VBD evident_AJ0 to_PRP many_DT0 that_DT0 to_TO0 truly_AV0 ensure_VVI equality_NN1 the_AT0 government_NN1 had_VHD to_TO0 prevent_VVI private_AJ0 actors_NN2 from_PRP discriminating_VVG in_PRP public_AJ0 arenas_NN2 ._SENT Title_NN1 II_CRD of_PRF the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964_CRD ,_PUN for_PRP instance_NN1 ,_PUN outlawed_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 against_PRP protected_AJ0 classes_NN2 in_PRP "_PUQ public_AJ0 accommodations_NN2 "_PUQ —_PUN places_NN2 like_PRP hotels_NN2 ,_PUN restaurants_NN2 ,_PUN theaters_NN2 ,_PUN stores_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC schools_NN2 ,_PUN which_DTQ are_VBB part_NN1 of_PRF daily_AJ0 life_NN1 for_PRP the_AT0 public_NN1 ,_PUN even_AV0 if_CJS they_PNP 're_VBB owned_VVN by_PRP private_AJ0 entities_NN2 ._SENT With_PRP its_DPS guarantee_NN1 of_PRF fair_AJ0 treatment_NN1 regarding_PRP housing_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1968_CRD simply_AV0 recognized_VVD that_CJT housing_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT0 kind_NN1 of_PRF public_AJ0 good_NN1 too_AV0 ,_PUN a_AT0 necessary_AJ0 part_NN1 of_PRF ordinary_AJ0 life_NN1 ._SENT So_AV0 the_AT0 government_NN1 regulated_VVD it_PNP to_TO0 prevent_VVI systemic_AJ0 private_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 from_PRP creating_VVG de_AT0 facto_NN1 second-class_AJ0 citizens_NN2 who_PNQ are_VBB only_AV0 equal_AJ0 in_PRP name_NN1 ._SENT 
Here_AV0 's_VBZ the_AT0 bottom_AJ0 line_NN1 :_PUN a_AT0 libertarian_NN1 may_VM0 insist_VVI that_CJT in_PRP some_DT0 more_AV0 perfect_AJ0 world_NN1 the_AT0 free_AJ0 market_NN1 ,_PUN rather_AV0 than_CJS government_NN1 regulation_NN1 ,_PUN would_VM0 prevent_VVI employment_NN1 discrimination_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC our_DPS society_NN1 has_VHZ already_AV0 emphatically_AV0 rejected_VVN that_DT0 proposal_NN1 ._SENT While_CJS it_PNP may_VM0 be_VBI a_AT0 valid_AJ0 intellectual_AJ0 exercise_NN1 to_TO0 interrogate_VVI the_AT0 presuppositions_NN2 of_PRF these_DT0 major_AJ0 pieces_NN2 of_PRF civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 legislation_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 1960s_CRD ,_PUN this_DT0 is_VBZ not_XX0 a_AT0 politically_AV0 relevant_AJ0 question_NN1 today_AV0 ._SENT No_AT0 libertarians_NN2 have_VHB made_VVN repealing_VVG the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_VVB a_AT0 serious_AJ0 part_NN1 of_PRF their_DPS platform_NN1 ,_PUN whether_CJS Rand_NP0 Paul_NP0 ,_PUN his_DPS father_NN1 Ron_NP0 Paul_NP0 ,_PUN or_CJC the_AT0 Libertarian_AJ0 Party_NN1 itself_PNX ._SENT 
The_AT0 more_AV0 relevant_AJ0 question_NN1 is_VBZ this_DT0 :_PUN given_VVN that_CJT we_PNP as_PRP a_AT0 society_NN1 already_AV0 view_NN1 race_NN1 ,_PUN sex_NN1 ,_PUN religion_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC national_AJ0 origin_NN1 as_CJS "_PUQ protected_AJ0 categories_NN2 ,_PUN "_PUQ should_VM0 we_PNP add_VVI one_PNI 's_POS political_AJ0 affiliation_NN1 to_PRP that_DT0 list_NN1 ?_SENT I_PNP think_VVB yes_ITJ ._SENT When_CJS Google_NP0 fires_VVZ James_NP0 Damore_NP0 ,_PUN it_PNP sends_VVZ a_AT0 message_NN1 that_CJT any_DT0 other_AJ0 employee_NN1 from_PRP his_DPS tribe_NN1 is_VBZ unwelcome_AJ0 there_AV0 and_CJC that_CJT they_PNP are_VBB in_PRP a_AT0 certain_AJ0 way_NN1 inferior_AJ0 to_PRP those_DT0 who_PNQ espouse_VVB majority_NN1 views_NN2 ._SENT 
In_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 way_NN1 that_CJT it_PNP took_VVD civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 legislation_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 1960s_CRD to_TO0 extend_VVI the_AT0 spirit_NN1 of_PRF equal_AJ0 protection_NN1 under_PRP the_AT0 law_NN1 ,_PUN which_DTQ had_VHD been_VBN guaranteed_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 Fourteenth_ORD Amendment_NN1 —_PUN passed_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 late_AJ0 1800s_CRD —_PUN we_PNP require_VVB a_AT0 similar_AJ0 mechanism_NN1 for_PRP extending_VVG the_AT0 spirit_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 First_ORD Amendment_NN1 to_PRP a_AT0 modern_AJ0 world_NN1 in_PRP which_DTQ corporate_AJ0 power_NN1 represents_VVZ as_PRP much_DT0 of_PRF a_AT0 threat_NN1 and_CJC an_AT0 increasingly_AV0 potent_AJ0 threat_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 open_AJ0 exchange_NN1 of_PRF ideas_NN2 as_PRP the_AT0 government_NN1 itself_PNX ._SENT America_NP0 's_POS Founding_AJ0 Fathers_NN2 were_VBD skeptical_AJ0 of_PRF the_AT0 concentration_NN1 of_PRF power_NN1 in_PRP government_NN1 hands_NN2 ,_PUN but_CJC if_CJS they_PNP were_VBD alive_AJ0 and_CJC among_PRP us_PNP today_AV0 ,_PUN they_PNP would_VM0 be_VBI equally_AV0 concerned_AJ0 about_PRP the_AT0 power_NN1 of_PRF companies_NN2 like_PRP Google_NP0 ,_PUN Facebook_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC Goldman_NP0 Sachs_NP0 to_TO0 regulate_VVI our_DPS speech_NN1 and_CJC conduct_NN1 as_CJS well_AV0 ._SENT 
If_CJS you_PNP believe_VVB that_CJT civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 legislation_NN1 was_VBD required_VVN to_TO0 prevent_VVI discrimination_NN1 in_PRP our_DPS society_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF race_NN1 or_CJC sex_NN1 —_PUN in_PRP a_AT0 way_NN1 that_CJT the_AT0 Fourteenth_ORD Amendment_NN1 's_POS prohibition_NN1 on_PRP government-led_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 did_VDD not_XX0 sufficiently_AV0 accomplish_VVI —_PUN then_AV0 it_PNP 's_VBZ reasonable_AJ0 to_TO0 think_VVI that_CJT additional_AJ0 civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 legislation_NN1 is_VBZ required_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 twenty-first_ORD century_NN1 to_TO0 prevent_VVI the_AT0 suppression_NN1 of_PRF speech_NN1 in_PRP our_DPS society_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF corporate_AJ0 leaders_NN2 '_POS views_NN2 —_PUN in_PRP a_AT0 way_NN1 that_CJT the_AT0 First_ORD Amendment_NN1 's_POS prohibition_NN1 on_PRP government-led_AJ0 speech_NN1 suppression_NN1 does_VDZ n't_XX0 sufficiently_AV0 accomplish_VVI ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964_CRD prevents_VVZ discrimination_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 workplace_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF race_NN1 ,_PUN sex_NN1 ,_PUN religion_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC national_AJ0 origin_NN1 ._SENT You_PNP could_VM0 envision_VVI a_AT0 simple_AJ0 amendment_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 statute_NN1 that_CJT adds_VVZ political_AJ0 beliefs_NN2 to_PRP the_AT0 list_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP other_AJ0 words_NN2 ,_PUN you_PNP could_VM0 make_VVI political_AJ0 belief_NN1 a_AT0 protected_AJ0 category_NN1 —_PUN just_AV0 like_PRP race_NN1 ,_PUN sex_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC religious_AJ0 belief_NN1 ._SENT 
But_CJC in_PRP today_AV0 's_POS political_AJ0 climate_NN1 ,_PUN it_PNP 's_VBZ unrealistic_AJ0 to_TO0 expect_VVI that_CJT legislative_AJ0 fix_NN1 ._SENT That_DT0 's_VBZ the_AT0 same_DT0 problem_NN1 I_PNP flagged_VVD in_PRP Chapter_NN1 9_CRD with_PRP respect_NN1 to_PRP amending_VVG Section_NN1 230_CRD —_PUN a_AT0 great_AJ0 idea_NN1 in_PRP theory_NN1 ,_PUN an_AT0 impossible_AJ0 idea_NN1 in_PRP practice_NN1 —_PUN which_DTQ is_VBZ why_AVQ I_PNP made_VVD an_AT0 argument_NN1 based_VVN on_PRP existing_AJ0 legal_AJ0 doctrines_NN2 that_CJT Big_AJ0 Tech_NN1 's_POS victims_NN2 could_VM0 pursue_VVI in_PRP court_NN1 ._SENT 
Here_AV0 's_VBZ the_AT0 good_AJ0 replaced-url_NN1 in_PRP order_NN1 to_TO0 fix_VVI political_AJ0 discrimination_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 workplace_NN1 ,_PUN new_AJ0 legislation_NN1 actually_AV0 is_VBZ n't_XX0 required_VVN either_AV0 ._SENT In_PRP reality_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Acts_NN2 of_PRF 1964_CRD may_VM0 already_AV0 suffice_VVI as_PRP a_AT0 basis_NN1 for_PRP plaintiffs_NN2 to_TO0 win_VVI in_PRP court_NN1 ._SENT So_AV0 now_AV0 let_VVB 's_VBZ end_NN1 the_AT0 old_AJ0 Yale_NP0 Law_NN1 School_NN1 game_NN1 of_PRF talking_VVG about_PRP what_DTQ the_AT0 law_NN1 should_VM0 be_VBI and_CJC talk_VVB about_PRP what_DTQ the_AT0 law_NN1 is_VBZ ._SENT 
Take_VVB a_AT0 look_NN1 at_PRP the_AT0 Supreme_AJ0 Court_NN1 's_POS recent_AJ0 landmark_NN1 ruling_NN1 in_PRP Bostock_NP0 v._PRP Clayton_NP0 County_NN1 ._SENT This_DT0 ruling_NN1 prevents_VVZ employers_NN2 from_PRP discriminating_VVG on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF sexual_AJ0 orientation_NN1 ,_PUN holding_VVG that_CJT such_DT0 discrimination_NN1 represents_VVZ a_AT0 violation_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964._CRD Yet_AV0 that_DT0 act_NN1 only_AV0 prevents_VVZ discrimination_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF "_PUQ race_NN1 ,_PUN color_NN1 ,_PUN religion_NN1 ,_PUN sex_NN1 ,_PUN or_CJC national_AJ0 origin_NN1 ._SENT "_PUQ There_EX0 's_VBZ no_AT0 doubt_NN1 that_CJT at_PRP the_AT0 time_NN1 the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964_CRD was_VBD passed_VVN ,_PUN Congress_NN1 did_VDD n't_XX0 intend_VVI to_TO0 include_VVI discrimination_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF sexual_AJ0 orientation_NN1 in_PRP it_PNP ._SENT But_CJC the_AT0 Bostock_NP0 majority_NN1 effectively_AV0 reasoned_VVD that_CJT in_PRP the_AT0 year_NN1 2020_CRD ,_PUN our_DPS understanding_NN1 of_PRF discrimination_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF sex_NN1 was_VBD fundamentally_AV0 different_AJ0 from_PRP what_DTQ it_PNP was_VBD in_PRP the_AT0 1960s_CRD —_PUN in_PRP such_DT0 a_AT0 way_NN1 that_CJT caused_VVD discrimination_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF sexual_AJ0 orientation_NN1 to_TO0 be_VBI a_AT0 civil_AJ0 rights_NN2 violation_NN1 in_PRP 2020_CRD ,_PUN even_AV0 if_CJS it_PNP would_VM0 n't_XX0 have_VHI been_VBN considered_VVN one_CRD in_PRP 1964._CRD 
The_AT0 Bostock_NP0 decision_NN1 was_VBD a_AT0 combination_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 few_DT0 separate_AJ0 cases_NN2 :_PUN Gerald_NP0 Bostock_NP0 was_VBD fired_VVN by_PRP Clayton_NP0 County_NN1 when_CJS he_PNP joined_VVD a_AT0 softball_NN1 league_NN1 for_PRP gay_AJ0 men_NN2 ,_PUN skydiving_AJ0 instructor_NN1 Donald_NP0 Zarda_NP0 was_VBD fired_VVN after_CJS he_PNP told_VVD a_AT0 female_AJ0 client_NN1 he_PNP was_VBD gay_AJ0 in_PRP an_AT0 attempt_NN1 to_TO0 put_VVI her_PNP at_PRP ease_NN1 about_PRP being_VBG strapped_VVN to_PRP him_PNP ,_PUN and_CJC transgender_NN1 woman_NN1 Aimee_NP0 Stephens_NP0 was_VBD fired_VVN by_PRP a_AT0 funeral_NN1 home_AV0 after_CJS she_PNP told_VVD it_PNP she_PNP wanted_VVD to_PRP wanted_VVD to_TO0 live_VVI and_CJC dress_VVI as_PRP a_AT0 woman_NN1 instead_AV0 of_PRF a_AT0 man_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 Court_NN1 ruled_VVD 6_CRD –_PUN 3_CRD in_PRP favor_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 plaintiffs_NN2 ,_PUN with_PRP Chief_NP0 Justice_NP0 John_NP0 Roberts_NP0 and_CJC Justice_NP0 Neil_NP0 Gorsuch_NP0 joining_VVG the_AT0 liberal_AJ0 wing_NN1 ._SENT Gorsuch_NP0 wrote_VVD an_AT0 opinion_NN1 on_PRP strict_AJ0 textualist_NN1 grounds_NN2 ,_PUN arguing_VVG that_CJT the_AT0 plain_AJ0 meaning_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 words_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 Rights_NN2 Act_NN1 of_PRF 1964_CRD made_VVD the_AT0 case_NN1 an_AT0 easy_AJ0 win_NN1 for_PRP the_AT0 plaintiffs_NN2 ,_PUN even_AV0 if_CJS that_DT0 was_VBD n't_XX0 the_AT0 original_AJ0 legislative_AJ0 intent_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 statute_NN1 ._SENT Here_AV0 's_VBZ the_AT0 key_AJ0 section_NN1 :_PUN 
That_DT0 's_VBZ because_CJS it_PNP is_VBZ impossible_AJ0 to_TO0 discriminate_VVI against_PRP a_AT0 person_NN1 for_PRP being_VBG homosexual_AJ0 or_CJC transgender_AJ0 without_PRP discriminating_VVG against_PRP that_DT0 individual_NN1 based_VVN on_PRP sex_NN1 ._SENT Consider_VVB ,_PUN for_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN an_AT0 employer_NN1 with_PRP two_CRD employees_NN2 ,_PUN both_DT0 of_PRF whom_PNQ are_VBB attracted_VVN to_PRP men_NN2 ._SENT The_AT0 two_CRD individuals_NN2 are_VBB ,_PUN to_PRP the_AT0 employer_NN1 's_POS mind_NN1 ,_PUN materially_AV0 identical_AJ0 in_PRP all_DT0 respects_NN2 ,_PUN except_CJS that_CJT one_PNI is_VBZ a_AT0 man_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 other_NN1 a_AT0 woman_NN1 ._SENT If_CJS the_AT0 employer_NN1 fires_VVZ the_AT0 male_AJ0 employee_NN1 for_PRP no_AT0 reason_NN1 other_AJ0 than_CJS the_AT0 fact_NN1 he_PNP is_VBZ attracted_VVN to_PRP men_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 employer_NN1 discriminates_VVZ against_PRP him_PNP for_PRP traits_NN2 or_CJC actions_NN2 it_PNP tolerates_VVZ in_PRP his_DPS female_AJ0 colleague_NN1 ._SENT Put_VVB differently_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 employer_NN1 intentionally_AV0 singles_VVZ out_AVP an_AT0 employee_NN1 to_PRP fire_NN1 based_VVN in_PRP part_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 employee_NN1 's_POS sex_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC the_AT0 affected_AJ0 employee_NN1 's_POS sex_NN1 is_VBZ a_AT0 but-for_AJ0 cause_NN1 of_PRF his_DPS discharge_NN1 ._SENT Or_CJC consider_VVB an_AT0 employer_NN1 who_PNQ fires_VVZ a_AT0 transgender_AJ0 person_NN1 who_PNQ was_VBD identified_VVN as_CJS male_AJ0 at_PRP birth_NN1 but_CJC who_PNQ now_AV0 identifies_VVZ as_PRP female_NN1 ._SENT If_CJS the_AT0 employer_NN1 retains_VVZ an_AT0 otherwise_AV0 identical_AJ0 employee_NN1 who_PNQ was_VBD identified_VVN as_CJS female_AJ0 at_PRP birth_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 employer_NN1 intentionally_AV0 penalizes_VVZ a_AT0 person_NN1 identified_VVN as_PRP male_NN1 at_PRP birth_NN1 for_PRP traits_NN2 or_CJC actions_NN2 that_CJT it_PNP tolerates_VVZ in_PRP an_AT0 employee_NN1 identified_VVN as_PRP female_NN1 at_PRP birth_NN1 ._SENT Again_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 individual_AJ0 employee_NN1 's_POS sex_NN1 plays_VVZ an_AT0 unmistakable_AJ0 and_CJC impermissible_AJ0 role_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 discharge_NN1 decision_NN1 ._SENT 
Bostock_NP0 's_POS reasoning_NN1 was_VBD appealingly_AV0 simple_AJ0 ._SENT How_AVQ can_VM0 we_PNP recognize_VVI when_CJS an_AT0 employer_NN1 discriminates_VVZ on_PRP the_AT0 basis_NN1 of_PRF sex_NN1 ?_SENT Just_AV0 reimagine_VVB the_AT0 case_NN1 ,_PUN switching_VVG the_AT0 sex_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 fired_AJ0 employee_NN1 but_CJC keeping_VVG all_DT0 other_AJ0 facts_NN2 identical_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC see_VVB if_CJS they_PNP 'd_VM0 still_AV0 be_VBI fired_VVN ._SENT If_CJS not_XX0 ,_PUN then_AV0 their_DPS sex_NN1 must_VM0 've_VHI been_VBN a_AT0 crucial_AJ0 reason_NN1 for_PRP their_DPS firing_NN1 —_PUN in_PRP legal_AJ0 terminology_NN1 ,_PUN this_DT0 proves_VVZ that_CJT their_DPS sex_NN1 was_VBD a_AT0 "_PUQ but-for_AJ0 cause_NN1 "_PUQ of_PRF their_DPS termination_NN1 ._SENT They_PNP would_VM0 n't_XX0 have_VHI been_VBN fired_VVN but_CJC for_PRP their_DPS sex_NN1 ._SENT 
This_DT0 easy_AJ0 formula_NN1 for_PRP recognizing_VVG when_AVQ one_CRD entity_NN1 is_VBZ discriminating_AJ0 against_PRP another_DT0 has_VHZ ripple_NN1 effects_NN2 in_PRP areas_NN2 of_PRF law_NN1 that_CJT go_VVB far_AV0 beyond_PRP sex_NN1 discrimination_NN1 litigation_NN1 ._SENT Combining_VVG Bostock_NP0 's_POS formula_NN1 for_PRP recognizing_VVG discrimination_NN1 with_PRP the_AT0 interpretation_NN1 of_PRF Title_NN1 VII_CRD by_PRP the_AT0 Equal_AJ0 Employment_NN1 Opportunity_NN1 Commissions_NN2 yields_VVZ the_AT0 conclusion_NN1 that_CJT people_NN0 like_PRP Sasha_NP0 White_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 literary_AJ0 agent_NN1 fired_VVN for_PRP tweeting_NN1 about_PRP transgender_AJ0 people_NN0 ,_PUN ought_VM0 to_TO0 receive_VVI Title_NN1 VII_CRD protection_NN1 for_PRP expressing_VVG beliefs_NN2 rooted_VVN in_PRP secular_AJ0 reasoning_NN1 just_AV0 as_PRP Title_NN1 VII_CRD protects_VVZ the_AT0 same_DT0 beliefs_NN2 when_CJS they_PNP 're_VBB rooted_VVN in_PRP religious_AJ0 reasoning_NN1 ._SENT 
Let_VVB me_PNP finally_AV0 put_VVD that_CJT pricey_AJ0 Yale_NP0 law_NN1 degree_NN1 to_TO0 work_VVI with_PRP a_AT0 legal_AJ0 argument_NN1 ._SENT Take_VVB the_AT0 belief_NN1 that_CJT marriage_NN1 should_VM0 be_VBI between_PRP a_AT0 man_NN1 and_CJC a_AT0 woman_NN1 ._SENT 
