CHAPTER_NN1 12_CRD 
Providence_NP0 
On_PRP a_AT0 hot_AJ0 summer_NN1 day_NN1 in_PRP July_NP0 we_PNP picked_VVD up_AVP my_DPS father_NN1 at_PRP his_DPS house_NN1 on_PRP Cape_NP0 Cod_NP0 and_CJC headed_VVD to_PRP Providence_NP0 ,_PUN a_AT0 drive_NN1 of_PRF about_PRP an_AT0 hour_NN1 and_CJC a_AT0 half_NN1 ._SENT My_DPS father_NN1 was_VBD born_VVN in_PRP Providence_NP0 and_CJC lived_VVD in_PRP a_AT0 house_NN1 that_DT0 is_VBZ now_AV0 part_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Brown_NP0 University_NN1 campus_NN1 ._SENT Both_AV0 Melissa_NP0 and_CJC I_PNP had_VHD been_VBN undergraduates_NN2 at_PRP Brown_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC for_PRP years_NN2 we_PNP 'd_VHD talked_VVN about_PRP getting_VVG my_DPS dad_NN1 to_TO0 show_VVI us_PNP his_DPS boyhood_NN1 haunts_NN2 ._SENT Washington_NP0 had_VHD spent_VVN considerable_AJ0 time_NN1 at_PRP Brown_NP0 (_PUL which_DTQ was_VBD then_AV0 known_VVN as_PRP Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 College_NN1 )_PUR during_PRP his_DPS 1790_CRD visit_NN1 to_PRP Providence_NP0 ,_PUN so_CJS I_PNP figured_VVD there_EX0 was_VBD no_AT0 time_NN1 like_PRP the_AT0 present_NN1 to_TO0 visit_VVI the_AT0 campus_NN1 with_PRP my_DPS father_NN1 ._SENT 
My_DPS dad_NN1 was_VBD riding_VVG shotgun_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC Melissa_NP0 and_CJC Dora_NP0 were_VBD sharing_VVG the_AT0 back_NN1 seat_NN1 ._SENT My_DPS dad_NN1 was_VBD born_VVN in_PRP 1929_CRD ,_PUN just_AV0 before_CJS the_AT0 stock-market_NN1 crash_NN1 ._SENT He_PNP was_VBD the_AT0 youngest_AJS of_PRF four_CRD ._SENT Both_DT0 of_PRF his_DPS older_AJC brothers_NN2 ,_PUN Charlie_NP0 and_CJC Dick_NP0 ,_PUN served_VVN in_PRP World_NN1 War_NN1 II_CRD (_PUL Charlie_NP0 was_VBD a_AT0 P-51_CRD pilot_NN1 stationed_VVN in_PRP England_NP0 ;_PUN Dick_NP0 was_VBD nearly_AV0 killed_VVN during_PRP the_AT0 Battle_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Bulge_NN1 )_PUR ,_PUN as_CJS did_VDD his_DPS sister_NN1 's_POS husband_NN1 ,_PUN Bernie_NP0 ,_PUN who_PNQ was_VBD in_PRP the_AT0 Pacific_NP0 theater_NN1 ._SENT A_AT0 little_AJ0 kid_NN1 during_PRP the_AT0 Great_AJ0 Depression_NN1 and_CJC a_AT0 teenager_NN1 during_PRP World_NN1 War_NN1 II_CRD ,_PUN my_DPS dad_NN1 claims_VVZ he_PNP was_VBD raised_VVN by_PRP his_DPS dog_NN1 ,_PUN Brownie_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 big_AJ0 springer_NN1 spaniel_NN1 ._SENT So_AV0 it_PNP 's_VBZ no_AT0 surprise_NN1 that_CJT he_PNP and_CJC Dora_NP0 have_VHB a_AT0 special_AJ0 relationship_NN1 ._SENT When_CJS we_PNP stay_VVB at_PRP my_DPS father_NN1 's_POS house_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 two_CRD of_PRF them_PNP end_VVB the_AT0 evening_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 friendly_AJ0 tussle_NN1 on_PRP my_DPS dad_NN1 's_POS bed_NN1 ._SENT 
We_PNP exited_VVD from_PRP the_AT0 highway_NN1 and_CJC were_VBD soon_AV0 on_PRP South_NP0 Main_NP0 Street_NP0 ,_PUN with_PRP the_AT0 steep_AJ0 two-hundred-foot-high_AJ0 hill_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 East_NN1 Side_NN1 on_PRP our_DPS right_AJ0 and_CJC downtown_AJ0 Providence_NP0 on_PRP our_DPS left_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP the_AT0 eighteenth_ORD century_NN1 ,_PUN what_DTQ is_VBZ now_AV0 a_AT0 wide_AJ0 plain_NN1 of_PRF asphalt_NN1 between_PRP Main_NP0 Street_NP0 and_CJC the_AT0 beginnings_NN2 of_PRF downtown_AJ0 was_VBD a_AT0 natural_AJ0 inlet_NN1 deep_AV0 enough_AV0 that_CJT vessels_NN2 of_PRF considerable_AJ0 size_NN1 could_VM0 sail_VVI along_AVP the_AT0 west_NN1 side_NN1 of_PRF Main_AJ0 Street_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP was_VBD fun_AJ0 to_TO0 think_VVI of_PRF Washington_NP0 's_POS packet_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Hancock_NP0 ,_PUN ghosting_VVG along_AVP the_AT0 foot_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 hill_NN1 until_CJS it_PNP came_VVD to_PRP the_AT0 brick_NN1 Market_NN1 House_NN1 ,_PUN which_DTQ still_AV0 stands_VVZ at_PRP the_AT0 foot_NN1 of_PRF College_NN1 Street_NP0 ._SENT Washington_NP0 's_POS sail_NN1 from_PRP Newport_NP0 had_VHD taken_VVN more_AV0 than_CJS seven_CRD hours_NN2 ,_PUN so_AV0 it_PNP must_VM0 have_VHI been_VBN fairly_AV0 late_AJ0 in_PRP the_AT0 day_NN1 by_PRP the_AT0 time_NN1 the_AT0 packet_NN1 turned_VVD into_PRP the_AT0 wharf_NN1 as_PRP the_AT0 cannons_NN2 roared_VVD and_CJC the_AT0 bells_NN2 rang_VVD ._SENT Even_AV0 before_CJS the_AT0 packet_NN1 had_VHD been_VBN secured_VVN to_PRP the_AT0 dock_NN1 ,_PUN Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 's_POS governor_NN1 ,_PUN Arthur_NP0 Fenner_NP0 ,_PUN had_VHD leaped_VVN aboard_AV0 so_AV0 he_PNP could_VM0 be_VBI the_AT0 first_ORD to_TO0 pay_VVI his_DPS respects_NN2 to_PRP the_AT0 president_NN1 ._SENT Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 might_VM0 have_VHI been_VBN the_AT0 last_ORD of_PRF the_AT0 original_AJ0 thirteen_CRD states_NN2 to_TO0 join_VVI the_AT0 Union_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC its_DPS governor_NN1 was_VBD no_AT0 John_NP0 Hancock_NP0 ._SENT 
Washington_NP0 and_CJC his_DPS entourage_NN1 joined_VVD a_AT0 procession_NN1 that_CJT marched_VVD through_PRP the_AT0 streets_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 city_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 musical_AJ0 accompaniment_NN1 of_PRF three_CRD African_AJ0 American_AJ0 fiddlers_NN2 ._SENT Providence_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 eighteenth_ORD century_NN1 was_VBD much_AV0 like_PRP San_NP0 Francisco_NP0 in_PRP the_AT0 nineteenth_ORD century_NN1 :_PUN a_AT0 city_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 side_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 steep_AJ0 hill_NN1 facing_VVG the_AT0 water_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP made_VVD for_PRP a_AT0 natural_AJ0 amphitheater_NN1 as_PRP the_AT0 citizens_NN2 jammed_VVD the_AT0 steeply_AV0 pitched_AJ0 side_NN1 streets_NN2 and_CJC crowded_VVD around_AVP the_AT0 windows_NN2 and_CJC roofs_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 houses_NN2 for_PRP the_AT0 best_AJS possible_AJ0 view_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 president_NN1 ._SENT Part_NN1 of_PRF what_DTQ made_VVD it_PNP so_AV0 exciting_AJ0 was_VBD that_CJT the_AT0 visit_NN1 was_VBD so_AV0 unexpected_AJ0 ._SENT Why_AVQ would_VM0 Washington_NP0 take_VVI the_AT0 trouble_NN1 to_TO0 visit_VVI a_AT0 state_NN1 that_CJT had_VHD not_XX0 even_AV0 participated_VVN in_PRP his_DPS election_NN1 ?_SENT But_CJC ,_PUN seizing_VVG the_AT0 opportunity_NN1 to_TO0 welcome_VVI the_AT0 reluctant_AJ0 Rhode_NP0 Islanders_NN2 into_PRP the_AT0 fold_NN1 ,_PUN here_AV0 he_PNP was_VBD ._SENT 
By_PRP the_AT0 time_NN1 Washington_NP0 's_POS procession_NN1 had_VHD climbed_VVN the_AT0 hill_NN1 to_PRP Benefit_NN1 Street_NP0 ,_PUN evening_NN1 was_VBD coming_VVG on_AVP ._SENT Just_AV0 across_AV0 from_PRP the_AT0 brick_NN1 statehouse_NN1 were_VBD the_AT0 president_NN1 's_POS quarters_NN2 at_PRP Abner_NP0 Daggett_NP0 's_POS Golden_AJ0 Ball_NN1 Inn_NN1 ._SENT Washington_NP0 stood_VVD at_PRP the_AT0 door_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 tavern_NN1 to_TO0 review_VVI the_AT0 parade_NN1 as_CJS it_PNP passed_VVD by_AVP ,_PUN then_AV0 retired_VVN for_PRP a_AT0 quiet_AJ0 dinner_NN1 and_CJC some_DT0 tea_NN1 before_PRP bed_NN1 ._SENT 
*_PUN *_PUN *_PUN 
With_PRP my_DPS dad_NN1 calling_VVG the_AT0 shots_NN2 ,_PUN we_PNP turned_VVD right_AV0 up_PRP College_NN1 Street_NP0 ,_PUN then_AV0 left_VVN on_PRP Benefit_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 street_NN1 of_PRF impeccably_AV0 maintained_VVN historic_AJ0 buildings_NN2 ,_PUN many_DT0 of_PRF them_PNP owned_VVD by_PRP either_DT0 Brown_AJ0 University_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 uphill_AJ0 side_NN1 or_CJC the_AT0 Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 School_NN1 of_PRF Design_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 downhill_AJ0 side_NN1 ._SENT "_PUQ How_AVQ small_AJ0 everything_PNI looks_VVZ !_SENT "_PUQ my_DPS father_NN1 said_VVD ._SENT The_AT0 Golden_AJ0 Ball_NN1 Inn_NN1 is_VBZ long_AV0 gone_VVN ,_PUN but_CJC not_XX0 ,_PUN we_PNP discovered_VVD ,_PUN the_AT0 two_CRD buildings_NN2 that_CJT once_AV0 constituted_VVD St._NP0 Dunstan_NP0 's_POS School_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 corner_NN1 of_PRF Church_NP0 Street_NP0 ,_PUN where_AVQ my_DPS father_NN1 and_CJC his_DPS brothers_NN2 went_VVD to_PRP elementary_AJ0 school_NN1 ._SENT My_DPS father_NN1 said_VVD that_CJT in_PRP the_AT0 depths_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 Depression_NN1 most_AV0 of_PRF the_AT0 houses_NN2 along_PRP Benefit_NN1 Street_NP0 were_VBD in_PRP terrible_AJ0 disrepair_NN1 ._SENT He_PNP remembered_VVD walking_VVG home_AV0 from_PRP school_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 day_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 1938_CRD hurricane_NN1 ,_PUN which_DTQ no_AT0 one_PNI knew_VVD was_VBD coming_VVG ._SENT The_AT0 wind_NN1 was_VBD so_AV0 strong_AJ0 that_CJT huge_AJ0 slate_NN1 roof_NN1 shingles_NN2 ,_PUN big_AJ0 enough_AV0 to_TO0 cut_VVI a_AT0 nine-year-old_AJ0 boy_NN1 in_PRP half_DT0 ,_PUN were_VBD flying_VVG through_PRP the_AT0 air_NN1 ._SENT Meanwhile_AV0 ,_PUN at_PRP the_AT0 foot_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 hill_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 massive_AJ0 storm_NN1 surge_NN1 had_VHD inundated_VVN downtown_AJ0 Providence_NP0 ,_PUN trapping_VVG his_DPS father_NN1 in_PRP his_DPS second-story_AJ0 office_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 next_ORD day_NN1 his_DPS father_NN1 told_VVD of_PRF looking_VVG out_AVP his_DPS office_NN1 window_NN1 and_CJC seeing_VVG bodies_NN2 floating_VVG down_AVP the_AT0 flooded_AJ0 street_NN1 ._SENT Only_AV0 later_AV0 did_VDD he_PNP realize_VVI the_AT0 bodies_NN2 were_VBD mannequins_NN2 from_PRP a_AT0 nearby_AJ0 department_NN1 store_NN1 ._SENT 
We_PNP turned_VVD up_AVP the_AT0 hill_NN1 in_PRP search_NN1 of_PRF Prospect_NP0 Terrace_NP0 ._SENT A_AT0 series_NN0 of_PRF unhelpful_AJ0 one-way_AJ0 streets_NN2 made_VVD it_PNP harder_AJC than_CJS it_PNP should_VM0 have_VHI been_VBN ,_PUN but_CJC eventually_AV0 we_PNP pulled_VVD in_AVP beside_PRP the_AT0 park_NN1 and_CJC its_DPS panoramic_AJ0 view_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 city_NN1 ._SENT Underneath_PRP a_AT0 granite_NN1 arch_NN1 stood_VVD a_AT0 statue_NN1 of_PRF Roger_NP0 Williams_NP0 in_PRP the_AT0 chunky_AJ0 ,_PUN heroic_AJ0 style_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Art_NN1 Deco_NN1 figures_NN2 of_PRF Rockefeller_NP0 Center_NN1 in_PRP New_NP0 York_NP0 ,_PUN looking_VVG out_AVP upon_PRP the_AT0 city_NN1 ._SENT Prior_AJ0 to_PRP the_AT0 statue_NN1 's_POS dedication_NN1 in_PRP 1939_CRD ,_PUN Williams_NP0 's_POS remains_NN2 were_VBD moved_VVN to_PRP a_AT0 tomb_NN1 underneath_PRP the_AT0 statue_NN1 ._SENT During_PRP the_AT0 disinterment_NN1 it_PNP was_VBD discovered_VVN that_CJT the_AT0 roots_NN2 of_PRF an_AT0 apple_NN1 tree_NN1 had_VHD enveloped_VVN Williams_NP0 's_POS body_NN1 and_CJC taken_VVN on_PRP a_AT0 human_AJ0 shape_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP 's_VBZ wonderful_AJ0 to_TO0 contemplate_VVI :_PUN an_AT0 apple_NN1 tree_NN1 nourished_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 remains_NN2 of_PRF Roger_NP0 Williams_NP0 !_SENT His_DPS bones_NN2 were_VBD eventually_AV0 deposited_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 new_AJ0 tomb_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC today_AV0 his_DPS statue_NN1 gazes_VVZ upon_PRP yet_AV0 another_DT0 statue_NN1 —_PUN that_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 eleven-foot-high_AJ0 ,_PUN gold-covered_AJ0 figure_NN1 known_VVN as_PRP the_AT0 Independent_AJ0 Man_NN1 atop_PRP the_AT0 rotunda_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 State_NN1 House_NN1 —_PUN highly_AV0 appropriate_AJ0 for_PRP a_AT0 leader_NN1 who_PNQ was_VBD interested_AJ0 not_XX0 in_PRP keeping_VVG religion_NN1 out_AVP of_PRF government_NN1 but_CJC in_PRP keeping_VVG government_NN1 out_AVP of_PRF religion_NN1 ._SENT 
*_PUN *_PUN *_PUN 
Washington_NP0 was_VBD preparing_VVG for_PRP bed_NN1 at_PRP the_AT0 Golden_AJ0 Ball_NN1 Inn_NN1 when_CJS there_EX0 was_VBD a_AT0 knock_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 door_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 students_NN2 at_PRP Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 College_NN1 had_VHD a_AT0 request_NN1 ._SENT Back_AVP then_AV0 the_AT0 campus_NN1 contained_VVD only_AV0 a_AT0 single_AJ0 massive_AJ0 four-story_AJ0 building_NN1 ,_PUN known_VVN ,_PUN appropriately_AV0 enough_AV0 ,_PUN as_CJS the_AT0 College_NN1 Edifice_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 students_NN2 had_VHD illuminated_VVN all_DT0 146_CRD windows_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 building_NN1 with_PRP candles_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 president_NN1 's_POS honor_NN1 and_CJC wondered_VVD whether_CJS he_PNP might_VM0 come_VVI take_VVI a_AT0 look_NN1 ._SENT 
It_PNP was_VBD not_XX0 a_AT0 good_AJ0 night_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 walk_NN1 ._SENT A_AT0 cold_AJ0 rain_NN1 was_VBD coming_VVG down_AVP ,_PUN and_CJC to_TO0 get_VVI to_PRP the_AT0 Edifice_NN1 ,_PUN they_PNP would_VM0 have_VHI to_TO0 walk_VVI up_AVP a_AT0 steep_AJ0 ,_PUN slippery_AJ0 hill_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 dark_NN1 ._SENT But_CJC Washington_NP0 was_VBD all_AV0 for_PRP it_PNP ._SENT Dragging_VVG his_DPS entourage_NN1 along_AVP ,_PUN the_AT0 president_NN1 set_VVD out_AVP up_PRP the_AT0 hill_NN1 toward_PRP the_AT0 building_NN1 that_CJT presided_VVD over_PRP eighteenth-century_AJ0 Providence_NP0 much_AV0 as_CJS the_AT0 Parthenon_NN1 does_VDZ Athens_NP0 ._SENT 
The_AT0 Edifice_NN1 ,_PUN now_AV0 known_VVN as_PRP University_NN1 Hall_NN1 and_CJC to_PRP this_DT0 day_NN1 one_CRD of_PRF the_AT0 largest_AJS buildings_NN2 on_PRP Brown_NP0 's_POS central_AJ0 green_NN1 ,_PUN was_VBD built_VVN in_PRP 1770_CRD after_PRP members_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 Brown_AJ0 family_NN1 succeeded_VVN in_PRP moving_VVG the_AT0 college_NN1 (_PUL founded_VVN by_PRP Baptists_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 nearby_AJ0 seaport_NN1 village_NN1 of_PRF Warren_NP0 )_PUR to_PRP Providence_NP0 ._SENT There_EX0 were_VBD four_CRD Brown_AJ0 brothers_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC all_DT0 of_PRF them_PNP were_VBD intimately_AV0 connected_VVN with_PRP the_AT0 college_NN1 ._SENT Moses_NP0 had_VHD been_VBN instrumental_AJ0 in_PRP moving_VVG the_AT0 campus_NN1 to_PRP Providence_NP0 ._SENT Joseph_NP0 had_VHD designed_VVN the_AT0 Edifice_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC Nicholas_NP0 had_VHD built_VVN it_PNP ,_PUN while_CJS John_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 college_NN1 's_POS treasurer_NN1 ,_PUN had_VHD laid_VVN the_AT0 cornerstone_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 four_CRD brothers_NN2 had_VHD once_AV0 been_VBN very_AV0 close_AJ0 ,_PUN both_AV0 personally_AV0 and_CJC professionally_AV0 ._SENT But_CJC in_PRP 1764_CRD ,_PUN they_PNP put_VVD money_NN1 into_PRP a_AT0 slave-trading_AJ0 voyage_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 west_NN1 coast_NN1 of_PRF Africa_NP0 that_CJT went_VVD horribly_AV0 wrong_AJ0 ._SENT By_PRP the_AT0 time_NN1 the_AT0 slave_NN1 ship_NN1 Sally_NP0 ,_PUN captained_VVN by_PRP Esek_NP0 Hopkins_NP0 (_PUL future_AJ0 commander_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Continental_AJ0 navy_NN1 )_PUR ,_PUN reached_VVD the_AT0 Caribbean_NP0 ,_PUN 109_CRD of_PRF 196_CRD enslaved_AJ0 Africans_NN2 had_VHD died_VVN ._SENT Three_CRD of_PRF the_AT0 brothers_NN2 ,_PUN Nicholas_NP0 ,_PUN Joseph_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC Moses_NP0 ,_PUN never_AV0 again_AV0 invested_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 slave_NN1 trade_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC not_XX0 John_NP0 ,_PUN who_PNQ remained_VVD an_AT0 unapologetic_AJ0 slave_NN1 trader_NN1 for_PRP years_NN2 to_TO0 come_VVI ._SENT 
In_PRP 1773_CRD ,_PUN Moses_NP0 underwent_VVD a_AT0 spiritual_AJ0 conversion_NN1 ,_PUN becoming_VVG both_AV0 a_AT0 Quaker_NN1 and_CJC an_AT0 abolitionist_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP was_VBD only_AV0 a_AT0 matter_NN1 of_PRF time_NN1 before_PRP Moses_NP0 and_CJC John_NP0 had_VHD a_AT0 very_AV0 public_AJ0 falling-out_NN1 ._SENT Under_PRP thinly_AV0 veiled_AJ0 pseudonyms_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 two_CRD began_VVD attacking_VVG each_DT0 other_NN1 in_PRP print_NN1 ._SENT Moses_NP0 condemned_VVD slavery_NN1 as_PRP a_AT0 sin_NN1 ,_PUN while_CJS John_NP0 insisted_VVD that_CJT the_AT0 slave_NN1 trade_NN1 "_PUQ had_VHD been_VBN permitted_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 Supreme_AJ0 Governor_NN1 of_PRF all_DT0 things_NN2 from_PRP time_NN1 immemorial_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC whenever_AVQ I_PNP am_VBB convinced_AJ0 as_CJS you_PNP are_VBB ,_PUN that_CJT it_PNP 's_VBZ wrong_AJ0 in_PRP the_AT0 sight_NN1 of_PRF God_NP0 ,_PUN I_PNP will_VM0 immediately_AV0 desist_VVI ._SENT "_PUQ That_DT0 had_VHD been_VBN back_AVP in_PRP 1786._CRD By_PRP 1789_CRD ,_PUN when_CJS Moses_NP0 founded_VVD the_AT0 Providence_NP0 Society_NN1 for_PRP Promoting_VVG the_AT0 Abolition_NN1 of_PRF Slavery_NN1 ,_PUN John_NP0 was_VBD an_AT0 even_AV0 more_AV0 adamant_AJ0 defender_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 slave_NN1 trade_NN1 ,_PUN going_VVG so_AV0 far_AV0 as_CJS to_TO0 claim_VVI ,_PUN "_PUQ There_EX0 is_VBZ no_AT0 more_DT0 crime_NN1 in_PRP bringing_VVG off_AVP a_AT0 cargo_NN1 of_PRF slaves_NN2 than_CJS in_PRP bringing_VVG off_AVP a_AT0 cargo_NN1 of_PRF jackasses_NN2 ._SENT "_PUQ John_NP0 ,_PUN a_AT0 big_AJ0 man_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 loud_AJ0 raspy_AJ0 voice_NN1 ,_PUN took_VVD great_AJ0 delight_NN1 in_PRP exposing_VVG what_DTQ he_PNP felt_VVD were_VBD the_AT0 self-serving_AJ0 pieties_NN2 of_PRF New_NP0 England_NP0 's_POS Quakers_NN2 ._SENT When_CJS Moses_NP0 urged_VVD his_DPS fellow_AJ0 Rhode_NP0 Islanders_NN2 to_TO0 invest_VVI in_PRP the_AT0 textile_NN1 industry_NN1 as_PRP an_AT0 alternative_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 slave_NN1 trade_NN1 ,_PUN his_DPS brother_NN1 gleefully_AV0 reminded_VVD him_PNP where_AVQ the_AT0 cotton_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 textile_NN1 mill_NN1 came_VVD from_PRP :_PUN "_PUQ the_AT0 labor_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 slaves_NN2 ._SENT "_PUQ 
As_CJS John_NP0 would_VM0 have_VHI no_AT0 doubt_NN1 enjoyed_VVD bringing_VVG to_PRP his_DPS brother_NN1 's_POS attention_NN1 ,_PUN even_AV0 Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 College_NN1 was_VBD hopelessly_AV0 enmeshed_VVN in_PRP slavery_NN1 ._SENT Not_XX0 only_AV0 the_AT0 Browns_NN2 but_CJC slaveholding_AJ0 families_NN2 throughout_PRP the_AT0 country_NN1 ,_PUN including_PRP that_DT0 of_PRF Henry_NP0 Laurens_NP0 from_PRP Charleston_NP0 —_PUN a_AT0 former_DT0 president_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Continental_AJ0 Congress_NN1 and_CJC one_CRD of_PRF the_AT0 foremost_AJS slave_NN1 traders_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 —_PUN had_VHD donated_VVN money_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 college_NN1 ._SENT Enslaved_AJ0 workers_NN2 had_VHD built_VVN the_AT0 College_NN1 Edifice_NN1 with_PRP lumber_NN1 donated_VVN by_PRP Lopez_NP0 and_CJC Rivera_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 largest_AJS slave-trading_AJ0 firm_NN1 in_PRP Newport_NP0 ._SENT 
On_PRP that_DT0 wet_AJ0 dark_AJ0 night_NN1 in_PRP August_NP0 1790_CRD ,_PUN when_CJS Washington_NP0 crested_VVD the_AT0 hill_NN1 and_CJC saw_VVD the_AT0 college_NN1 ablaze_AJ0 with_PRP light_NN1 ,_PUN he_PNP witnessed_VVD a_AT0 spectacle_NN1 that_CJT has_VHZ been_VBN repeated_VVN on_PRP special_AJ0 occasions_NN2 many_DT0 times_NN2 since_AV0 ._SENT Every_AT0 commencement_NN1 week_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 lights_NN2 go_VVB on_AVP in_PRP the_AT0 windows_NN2 of_PRF University_NN1 Hall_NN1 just_AV0 as_CJS they_PNP did_VDD in_PRP Washington_NP0 's_POS honor_NN1 ._SENT By_PRP the_AT0 beginning_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 twenty-first_ORD century_NN1 ,_PUN Brown_NP0 's_POS commencements_NN2 were_VBD being_VBG overseen_VVN by_PRP the_AT0 Ivy_NP0 League_NN1 's_POS first_ORD African_AJ0 American_AJ0 president_NN1 ,_PUN Ruth_NP0 Simmons_NP0 ._SENT In_PRP 2003_CRD ,_PUN Simmons_NP0 commissioned_VVD a_AT0 study_NN1 to_TO0 investigate_VVI the_AT0 university_NN1 's_POS link_NN1 to_PRP slavery_NN1 ._SENT Its_DPS findings_NN2 ,_PUN published_VVN in_PRP a_AT0 document_NN1 titled_VVN Slavery_NN1 and_CJC Justice_NN1 ,_PUN set_VVD a_AT0 precedent_NN1 that_CJT many_DT0 colleges_NN2 and_CJC universities_NN2 have_VHB followed_VVN since_AV0 ._SENT 
Having_VHG come_VVN from_PRP a_AT0 family_NN1 with_PRP close_AJ0 ties_NN2 to_PRP Brown_NP0 (_PUL not_XX0 only_AV0 was_VBD my_DPS father_NN1 virtually_AV0 raised_VVN on_PRP the_AT0 campus_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC his_DPS grandfather_NN1 had_VHD served_VVN as_PRP the_AT0 college_NN1 's_POS librarian_NN1 from_PRP 1893_CRD to_PRP 1930_CRD )_PUR ,_PUN I_PNP was_VBD aware_AJ0 of_PRF the_AT0 Brown_NP0 family_NN1 's_POS connection_NN1 to_PRP slavery_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP the_AT0 1990s_CRD ,_PUN I_PNP 'd_VHD even_AV0 co-written_VVN an_AT0 unproduced_AJ0 screenplay_NN1 set_VVN at_PRP a_AT0 Brown-like_AJ0 college_NN1 that_CJT includes_VVZ a_AT0 lachrymose_NN1 confession_NN1 by_PRP one_CRD of_PRF the_AT0 characters_NN2 about_PRP his_DPS family_NN1 's_POS slave-trading_AJ0 past_NN1 ._SENT So_AV0 when_CJS I_PNP first_ORD heard_VVD about_PRP Brown_NP0 's_POS highly_AV0 controversial_AJ0 decision_NN1 to_TO0 explore_VVI the_AT0 university_NN1 's_POS association_NN1 with_PRP slavery_NN1 ,_PUN I_PNP must_VM0 admit_VVI to_PRP thinking_NN1 ,_PUN what_DTQ more_AV0 is_VBZ there_EX0 to_TO0 know_VVI ?_SENT Well_AV0 ,_PUN let_VVB me_PNP tell_VVI you_PNP ,_PUN I_PNP had_VHD no_AT0 idea_NN1 about_PRP how_AVQ intimately_AV0 involved_VVN not_XX0 just_AV0 Brown_NP0 but_CJC all_DT0 of_PRF Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 was_VBD in_PRP southern_AJ0 slavery_NN1 ._SENT 
Yes_ITJ ,_PUN there_EX0 were_VBD slave_NN1 traders_NN2 in_PRP Newport_NP0 ,_PUN Bristol_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC Providence_NP0 ,_PUN but_CJC most_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 state_NN1 's_POS slavery_NN1 connections_NN2 were_VBD more_AV0 indirect_AJ0 ._SENT Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 's_POS farmers_NN2 and_CJC merchants_NN2 provided_CJS plantation_NN1 owners_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 Caribbean_AJ0 and_CJC the_AT0 southern_AJ0 states_NN2 with_PRP beef_NN1 ,_PUN butter_NN1 ,_PUN hay_NN1 ,_PUN horses_NN2 ,_PUN candles_NN2 ,_PUN salt_NN1 cod_NN0 ,_PUN barrel_NN1 hoops_NN2 and_CJC staves_NN2 ,_PUN timber_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC shoes_NN2 ._SENT Other_AJ0 Rhode_NP0 Islanders_NN2 were_VBD in_PRP the_AT0 rum_NN1 distillery_NN1 business_NN1 ,_PUN purchasing_VVG slave-produced_AJ0 sugar_NN1 and_CJC molasses_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 Caribbean_AJ0 and_CJC distilling_VVG it_PNP into_PRP the_AT0 rum_NN1 that_CJT was_VBD then_AV0 used_VVN to_TO0 trade_VVI for_PRP slaves_NN2 in_PRP Africa_NP0 ._SENT More_AV0 than_CJS any_DT0 other_AJ0 northern_AJ0 state_NN1 ,_PUN Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 served_VVD as_AV0 ,_PUN in_PRP the_AT0 words_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 Slavery_NN1 and_CJC Justice_NN1 report_NN1 ,_PUN "_PUQ the_AT0 commissary_AJ0 of_PRF the_AT0 Atlantic_NP0 plantation_NN1 complex_NN1 ._SENT "_PUQ 
It_PNP was_VBD a_AT0 tragic_AJ0 irony_NN1 that_CJT Moses_NP0 Brown_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 high-minded_AJ0 Quaker_AJ0 abolitionist_NN1 and_CJC textile_NN1 manufacturer_NN1 ,_PUN not_XX0 John_NP0 Brown_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 unrepentant_AJ0 slave_NN1 trader_NN1 ,_PUN created_VVD one_CRD of_PRF Rhode_NP0 Island_NP0 's_POS most_AV0 enduring_AJ0 and_CJC pervasive_AJ0 connections_NN2 to_PRP the_AT0 slaveholding_AJ0 South_NN1 ._SENT 
