Environmental_AJ0 Impact_NN1 
Introduction_NN1 
In_PRP this_DT0 section_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Impact_NN1 Report_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP will_VM0 go_VVI over_AVP the_AT0 details_NN2 and_CJC calculations_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 lifetime_NN1 environmental_AJ0 impact_NN1 of_PRF our_DPS products_NN2 ._SENT 
Our_DPS lifecycle_NN1 analysis_NN1 (_PUL LCA_NP0 )_PUR combines_VVZ Scope_NN1 1_CRD and_CJC 2_CRD ,_PUN and_CJC material_NN1 Scope_NN1 3_CRD emissions_NN2 *_PUN for_PRP a_AT0 Fremont-made_AJ0 Model_NN1 3_CRD 
While_CJS we_PNP are_VBB implementing_VVG processes_NN2 to_TO0 be_VBI able_AJ0 to_TO0 measure_VVI and_CJC report_VVI Scope_NN1 1_CRD ,_PUN 2_CRD and_CJC 3_CRD emissions_NN2 on_PRP an_AT0 enterprise_NN1 level_NN1 starting_VVG with_PRP our_DPS 2021_CRD report_NN1 ,_PUN for_PRP the_AT0 purpose_NN1 of_PRF this_DT0 report_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP have_VHB conducted_VVN an_AT0 LCA_NN1 which_DTQ includes_VVZ the_AT0 vast_AJ0 majority_NN1 of_PRF Scope_NN1 1_CRD ,_PUN 2_CRD and_CJC 3_CRD emissions_NN2 ,_PUN including_PRP the_AT0 vehicle_NN1 manufacturing_NN1 phase_NN1 ,_PUN emissions_NN2 from_PRP our_DPS supply_NN1 chain_NN1 ,_PUN vehicle_NN1 use_NN1 and_CJC end-of-_AJ0 life_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 Fremont-made_AJ0 Model_NN1 3._CRD While_CJS not_XX0 a_AT0 perfect_AJ0 measure_NN1 ,_PUN given_VVN the_AT0 importance_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Model_NN1 3_CRD and_CJC its_DPS high_AJ0 volume_NN1 of_PRF deliveries_NN2 since_PRP 2018_CRD ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ a_AT0 good_AJ0 proxy_NN1 for_PRP understanding_VVG the_AT0 emissions_NN2 impact_NN1 of_PRF our_DPS vehicle_NN1 business_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 details_NN2 and_CJC boundaries_NN2 of_PRF this_DT0 LCA_NN1 analysis_NN1 are_VBB described_VVN on_PRP page_NN1 90._CRD Our_DPS goal_NN1 is_VBZ to_TO0 eventually_AV0 produce_VVI an_AT0 LCA_NN1 for_PRP each_DT0 of_PRF our_DPS products_NN2 in_PRP addition_NN1 to_PRP reporting_VVG our_DPS Scope_NN1 1_CRD ,_PUN 2_CRD and_CJC 3_CRD emissions_NN2 ._SENT 
EVs_NN2 undeniably_AV0 generate_VVB less_DT0 lifetime_NN1 greenhouse_NN1 gas_NN1 emissions_NN2 than_CJS ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 
We_PNP are_VBB often_AV0 asked_VVN if_CJS electric_AJ0 vehicles_NN2 (_PUL EVs_NN2 )_PUR are_VBB more_AV0 sustainable_AJ0 than_CJS internal_AJ0 combustion_NN1 engine_NN1 (_PUL ICE_NN1 )_PUR vehicles_NN2 ._SENT The_AT0 environmental_AJ0 impact_NN1 of_PRF zero-emission_AJ0 transport_NN1 and_CJC energy_NN1 products_NN2 ,_PUN like_PRP the_AT0 products_NN2 that_CJT Tesla_NP0 produces_VVZ and_CJC sells_VVZ ,_PUN is_VBZ undeniably_AV0 more_AV0 positive_AJ0 than_CJS the_AT0 GHG-emitting_AJ0 alternatives_NN2 ._SENT This_DT0 becomes_VVZ more_AV0 pronounced_AJ0 when_CJS determining_VVG the_AT0 lifetime_NN1 impact_NN1 of_PRF EVs_NN2 versus_PRP ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 ,_PUN which_DTQ requires_VVZ looking_VVG at_PRP the_AT0 entire_AJ0 lifecycle_NN1 —_PUN from_PRP raw_AJ0 materials_NN2 to_TO0 use_VVI phase_NN1 emissions_NN2 to_PRP disposal_NN1 —_PUN and_CJC not_XX0 just_AV0 at_PRP vehicle_NN1 usage_NN1 emissions_NN2 ._SENT 
Variables_NN2 often_AV0 overlooked_VVN by_PRP other_AJ0 lifecycle_NN1 studies_NN2 :_PUN 
•_PUN Using_VVG Worldwide_AV0 Harmonized_AJ0 Light_AJ0 Vehicle_NN1 Test_NN1 Procedure_NN1 (_PUL WLTP_NP0 )_PUR or_CJC Environmental_AJ0 Protection_NN1 Agency_NN1 (_PUL EPA_NP0 )_PUR fuel_NN1 /_PUN energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 data_NN0 (_PUL both_DT0 of_PRF which_DTQ overestimate_VVB fuel-economy_AJ0 and_CJC underestimate_VVB emissions_NN2 )_PUR rather_AV0 than_CJS real-world_AJ0 data_NN0 ;_PUN 
•_PUN Not_XX0 considering_VVG the_AT0 higher_AJC energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_PRF Tesla_NP0 's_POS powertrains_NN2 ;_PUN 
•_PUN Assuming_VVG the_AT0 average_AJ0 EV_NN1 needs_VVZ a_AT0 battery_NN1 replacement_NN1 at_PRP some_DT0 point_NN1 in_PRP its_DPS life_NN1 ;_PUN 
•_PUN Not_XX0 considering_VVG emissions_NN2 generated_VVN through_PRP the_AT0 oil_NN1 refining_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 transportation_NN1 process_NN1 ;_PUN and_CJC 
•_PUN Using_VVG outdated_AJ0 data_NN0 for_PRP the_AT0 carbon_NN1 impact_NN1 of_PRF cell_NN1 manufacturing_NN1 ._SENT 
We_PNP try_VVB to_TO0 address_VVI these_DT0 considerations_NN2 and_CJC complexities_NN2 in_PRP deriving_VVG a_AT0 more_AV0 accurate_AJ0 calculation_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 following_AJ0 lifecycle_NN1 analysis_NN1 ._SENT 
Lifecycle_NN1 Analysis_NN1 of_PRF Tesla_NN1 EVs_NN2 vs._PRP Equivalent_AJ0 ICE_NN1 Vehicles_NN2 
Using_VVG only_AV0 real-world_AJ0 data_NN0 ,_PUN not_XX0 official_AJ0 NEDC_NP0 ,_PUN WLPT_NP0 or_CJC EPA_NP0 *_PUN consumption_NN1 data_NN0 
The_AT0 most_AV0 important_AJ0 variable_NN1 in_PRP a_AT0 lifecycle_NN1 analysis_NN1 of_PRF an_AT0 automobile_NN1 is_VBZ real-world_AJ0 fuel_NN1 consumption_NN1 or_CJC electricity_NN1 consumption_NN1 ,_PUN as_CJS applicable_AJ0 ,_PUN which_DTQ impacts_VVZ the_AT0 use_NN1 phase_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 lifecycle_NN1 ._SENT Various_AJ0 efficiency_NN1 testing_NN1 cycles_NN2 such_DT0 as_PRP NEDC_NP0 ,_PUN WLTP_NP0 or_CJC EPA_NP0 do_VDB not_XX0 truly_AV0 represent_VVI real-world_AJ0 fuel_NN1 or_CJC energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 ._SENT Therefore_AV0 ,_PUN for_PRP the_AT0 purpose_NN1 of_PRF this_DT0 analysis_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP used_VVD average_AJ0 energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 over_PRP the_AT0 more_DT0 than_CJS 10_CRD billion_CRD miles_NN2 Tesla_NN1 Model_NN1 3s_CRD have_VHB travelled_VVN as_CJS of_PRF December_NP0 31_CRD ,_PUN 2020_CRD ,_PUN including_PRP energy_NN1 losses_NN2 during_PRP the_AT0 charging_AJ0 process_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 ,_PUN we_PNP used_VVD real-world_AJ0 fuel_NN1 consumption_NN1 data_NN0 provided_VVN by_PRP Consumer_NN1 Reports_NN2 ,_PUN which_DTQ reports_VVZ model_NN1 year_NN1 2020_CRD mid-size_AJ0 premium_NN1 sedans_NN2 achieve_VVB 24.8_CRD MPG_NP0 on_PRP average_NN1 ._SENT This_DT0 translates_VVZ to_PRP ~_NP0 400_CRD grams_NN2 of_PRF CO2_NN1 per_PRP mile_NN1 once_CJS we_PNP account_VVB for_PRP emissions_NN2 generated_VVN through_PRP the_AT0 extraction_NN1 ,_PUN refining_NN1 and_CJC shipment_NN1 of_PRF oil_NN1 ._SENT 
The_AT0 carbon_NN1 impact_NN1 of_PRF ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 remains_VVZ the_AT0 same_DT0 every_AT0 year_NN1 of_PRF use_NN1 ,_PUN but_CJC for_PRP EVs_NN2 ,_PUN it_PNP should_VM0 improve_VVI every_AT0 year_NN1 
Based_VVN on_PRP publicly_AV0 available_AJ0 sales_NN0 and_CJC fleet_NN1 data_NN0 ,_PUN we_PNP estimate_VVB that_CJT an_AT0 average_AJ0 vehicle_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 is_VBZ driven_VVN slightly_AV0 less_AV0 than_CJS 12_CRD ,_PUN 000_CRD miles_NN2 per_PRP year_NN1 for_PRP about_AV0 17_CRD years_NN2 before_CJS it_PNP is_VBZ scrapped_VVN ._SENT Furthermore_AV0 ,_PUN as_CJS an_AT0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 ages_NN2 ,_PUN its_DPS fuel_NN1 efficiency_NN1 only_AV0 remains_VVZ stable_AJ0 if_CJS serviced_VVN properly_AV0 ._SENT On_PRP the_AT0 other_AJ0 hand_NN1 ,_PUN electricity_NN1 generation_NN1 to_PRP charge_NN1 EVs_NN2 has_VHZ become_VVN "_PUQ greener_AJC "_PUQ over_PRP time_NN1 with_PRP the_AT0 addition_NN1 of_PRF cleaner_AJC energy_NN1 sources_NN2 to_PRP the_AT0 grid_NN1 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN emissions_NN2 generated_VVN through_PRP EV_NN1 charging_NN1 should_VM0 continue_VVI to_TO0 decline_VVI over_PRP time_NN1 ._SENT 
On_PRP the_AT0 following_AJ0 pages_NN2 ,_PUN we_PNP will_VM0 show_VVI the_AT0 per_PRP mile_NN1 lifecycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 of_PRF a_AT0 current_AJ0 Fremont-made_AJ0 Model_NN1 3_CRD 
This_DT0 includes_VVZ emissions_NN2 from_PRP upstream_AJ0 supply_NN1 chain_NN1 ,_PUN direct_AJ0 emissions_NN2 from_PRP manufacturing_NN1 and_CJC electricity_NN1 consumption_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC use_VVB phase_NN1 emissions_NN2 when_CJS charged_VVN from_PRP a_AT0 grid_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 generation_NN1 mix_NN1 that_CJT reflects_VVZ the_AT0 geographic_AJ0 distribution_NN1 of_PRF Model_NN1 3_CRD deliveries_NN2 in_PRP each_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 U.S._NP0 ,_PUN Europe_NP0 and_CJC China_NP0 ._SENT Below_AV0 are_VBB the_AT0 lifecycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 scenarios_NN2 we_PNP show_VVB ,_PUN and_CJC the_AT0 assumptions_NN2 used_VVN in_PRP each_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 charts_NN2 on_PRP the_AT0 following_AJ0 pages_NN2 :_PUN 
•_PUN What_DTQ emissions_NN2 per_PRP mile_NN1 could_VM0 be_VBI if_CJS a_AT0 Model_NN1 3_CRD were_VBD used_VVN for_PRP ridesharing_NN1 over_PRP one_CRD million_CRD miles_NN2 using_VVG cell_NN1 chemistry_NN1 from_PRP Tesla_NP0 energy_NN1 products_NN2 ._SENT 
•_PUN What_DTQ emissions_NN2 per_PRP mile_NN1 could_VM0 be_VBI if_CJS a_AT0 Model_NN1 3_CRD were_VBD principally_AV0 charged_VVN at_PRP home_AV0 using_VVG a_AT0 solar_AJ0 system_NN1 and_CJC energy_NN1 storage_NN1 ._SENT 
•_PUN What_DTQ emissions_NN2 per_PRP mile_NN1 could_VM0 be_VBI if_CJS a_AT0 Model_NN1 3_CRD were_VBD used_VVN for_PRP ridesharing_NN1 over_PRP one_CRD million_CRD miles_NN2 using_VVG cell_NN1 chemistry_NN1 from_PRP our_DPS energy_NN1 products_NN2 and_CJC if_CJS it_PNP were_VBD only_AV0 charged_VVN using_VVG a_AT0 solar_AJ0 system_NN1 and_CJC energy_NN1 storage_NN1 ._SENT 
•_PUN The_AT0 reference_NN1 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 is_VBZ based_VVN on_PRP the_AT0 average_AJ0 mid-size_AJ0 premium_NN1 sedan_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 
•_PUN Charging_VVG a_AT0 Model_NN1 3_CRD using_VVG solar_AJ0 panels_NN2 and_CJC a_AT0 Powerwall_NN1 adds_VVZ emissions_NN2 to_PRP the_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 phase_NN1 while_CJS reducing_VVG use_NN1 phase_NN1 emissions_NN2 to_PRP as_AV0 low_AJ0 as_PRP zero_CRD when_AVQ 100_CRD %_NN0 of_PRF charging_VVG is_VBZ done_VDN using_VVG that_DT0 system_NN1 ._SENT 
•_PUN We_PNP assume_VVB no_AT0 additional_AJ0 renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 capacity_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 grid_NN1 during_PRP the_AT0 life_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 vehicle_NN1 given_VVN the_AT0 shape_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 
renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 adoption_NN1 curve_NN1 is_VBZ still_AV0 very_AV0 much_AV0 up_AVP for_PRP debate_NN1 ._SENT 
EV_NN1 vs._PRP ICE_NN1 Vehicle_NN1 Emissions_NN2 per_PRP Mile_NN1 
United_NP0 States_NP0 
The_AT0 electricity_NN1 grid_NN1 keeps_VVZ getting_VVG cleaner_AJC ,_PUN while_CJS emissions_NN2 from_PRP ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 do_VDB not_XX0 
While_CJS the_AT0 makeup_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 electricity_NN1 grid_NN1 varies_VVZ from_PRP region_NN1 to_PRP region_NN1 ,_PUN charging_VVG EVs_NN2 is_VBZ becoming_VVG less_DT0 carbon_NN1 intensive_AJ0 every_AT0 year_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 ,_PUN coal_NN1 has_VHZ historically_AV0 been_VBN the_AT0 dominant_AJ0 energy_NN1 source_NN1 for_PRP generating_AJ0 electricity_NN1 ._SENT However_AV0 ,_PUN in_PRP the_AT0 last_ORD decade_NN1 ,_PUN coal_NN1 power_NN1 has_VHZ declined_VVN significantly_AV0 as_CJS regions_NN2 turn_VVB to_PRP cleaner_AJC energy_NN1 sources_NN2 ,_PUN such_DT0 as_PRP wind_NN1 and_CJC solar_AJ0 ._SENT Energy_NN1 generated_VVN 
by_PRP renewable_AJ0 sources_NN2 has_VHZ grown_VVN rapidly_AV0 —_PUN in_PRP 2021_CRD ,_PUN wind_NN1 ,_PUN solar_AJ0 and_CJC battery_NN1 storage_NN1 are_VBB expected_VVN to_TO0 account_VVI for_PRP an_AT0 estimated_AJ0 81_CRD %_NN0 of_PRF new_AJ0 electricity_NN1 generation_NN1 capacity_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 Many_DT0 U.S._NP0 states_NN2 (_PUL such_DT0 as_PRP New_NP0 York_NP0 ,_PUN referenced_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 chart_NN1 below_AV0 )_PUR have_VHB been_VBN making_VVG significant_AJ0 investments_NN2 in_PRP renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 ,_PUN as_CJS these_DT0 sustainable_AJ0 options_NN2 become_VVB more_AV0 cost_VVB competitive_AJ0 compared_VVN to_PRP fossil_NN1 fuel_NN1 resources_NN2 ._SENT 
To_TO0 put_VVI this_DT0 in_PRP perspective_NN1 ,_PUN average_AJ0 GHG_NN1 emissions_NN2 from_PRP charging_VVG one_CRD New_AJ0 York-based_AJ0 Tesla_NN1 vehicle_NN1 equates_VVZ to_PRP the_AT0 emissions_NN2 from_PRP an_AT0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 with_PRP a_AT0 fuel_NN1 economy_NN1 of_PRF 135_CRD MPG_NP0 (_PUL no_AT0 such_DT0 vehicle_NN1 is_VBZ on_PRP the_AT0 market_NN1 )_PUR ._SENT Even_AV0 when_CJS charging_VVG a_AT0 Tesla_NN1 in_PRP Michigan_NP0 ,_PUN where_AVQ approximately_AV0 60_CRD %_NN0 of_PRF energy_NN1 comes_VVZ from_PRP natural_AJ0 gas_NN1 and_CJC coal_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 emissions_NN2 from_PRP our_DPS vehicles_NN2 still_AV0 equates_VVZ to_PRP the_AT0 emissions_NN2 from_PRP an_AT0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 with_PRP 59_CRD real-world_AJ0 MPG_NP0 (_PUL considerably_AV0 more_AV0 in_PRP terms_NN2 of_PRF EPA_NP0 rated_VVD MPG_NP0 )_PUR ._SENT As_CJS more_DT0 regions_NN2 adopt_VVB sustainable_AJ0 energy_NN1 solutions_NN2 to_TO0 generate_VVI power_NN1 ,_PUN emissions_NN2 related_VVN to_PRP charging_VVG an_AT0 EV_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 grid_NN1 will_VM0 decrease_VVI even_AV0 further_AJC ._SENT 
EV_NN1 customers_NN2 can_VM0 increase_VVI their_DPS renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 mix_NN1 by_PRP installing_VVG solar_AJ0 panels_NN2 or_CJC a_AT0 Solar_AJ0 Roof_NN1 and_CJC an_AT0 energy_NN1 storage_NN1 solution_NN1 ,_PUN such_DT0 as_PRP Powerwall_NP0 ,_PUN in_PRP their_DPS homes_NN2 ._SENT This_DT0 dramatically_AV0 reduces_VVZ the_AT0 lifetime_NN1 carbon_NN1 footprint_NN1 of_PRF an_AT0 EV_NN1 ,_PUN even_AV0 when_CJS accounting_VVG for_PRP the_AT0 carbon_NN1 footprint_NN1 of_PRF both_DT0 the_AT0 solar_AJ0 panel_NN1 /_PUN Solar_AJ0 Roof_NN1 and_CJC Powerwall_NN1 manufacturing_NN1 and_CJC upstream_AJ0 supply_NN1 chain_NN1 ._SENT 
EV_NN1 vs._PRP ICE_NN1 Vehicle_NN1 Emissions_NN2 per_PRP Mile_NN1 
European_AJ0 Union_NN1 ,_PUN U.K._NP0 &_NP0 EFTA_NP0 
A_AT0 cleaner_AJC grid_NN1 in_PRP Europe_NP0 means_VVZ a_AT0 bigger_AJC emissions_NN2 gap_NN1 between_PRP Model_NN1 3_CRD and_CJC a_AT0 comparable_AJ0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 
In_PRP Europe_NP0 ,_PUN the_AT0 U.K._NP0 and_CJC EFTA_NP0 (_PUL Iceland_NP0 ,_PUN Liechtenstein_NP0 ,_PUN Norway_NP0 and_CJC Switzerland_NP0 )_PUR ,_PUN larger_AJC portions_NN2 of_PRF energy_NN1 generation_NN1 come_VVN from_PRP either_DT0 renewable_AJ0 sources_NN2 or_CJC nuclear_AJ0 ,_PUN which_DTQ means_VVZ that_CJT in_PRP Europe_NP0 the_AT0 use_NN1 phase_NN1 emissions_NN2 gap_NN1 between_PRP ICEs_NN2 and_CJC EVs_NN2 is_VBZ even_AV0 wider_AJC than_CJS it_PNP is_VBZ in_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 
On_PRP the_AT0 other_AJ0 hand_NN1 ,_PUN since_CJS an_AT0 average_AJ0 European_AJ0 driver_NN1 covers_VVZ fewer_DT0 miles_NN2 per_PRP year_NN1 than_CJS a_AT0 U.S._NP0 driver_NN1 ,_PUN emissions_NN2 from_PRP the_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 phase_NN1 are_VBB divided_VVN by_PRP fewer_DT0 miles_NN2 ._SENT While_CJS in_PRP the_AT0 U.S._NP0 ,_PUN an_AT0 average_AJ0 vehicle_NN1 covers_VVZ 200_CRD ,_PUN 000_CRD miles_NN2 before_PRP getting_VVG scrapped_VVN ,_PUN in_PRP Europe_NP0 ,_PUN total_AJ0 mileage_NN1 is_VBZ closer_AJC to_PRP 150_CRD ,_PUN 000_CRD miles_NN2 ._SENT 
We_PNP used_VVD Austria_NP0 as_PRP an_AT0 example_NN1 of_PRF how_AVQ use_NN1 phase_NN1 emissions_NN2 should_VM0 evolve_VVI once_AV0 the_AT0 European_AJ0 grid_NN1 becomes_VVZ greener_AJC ._SENT As_CJS seen_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 chart_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 right_NN1 ,_PUN in_PRP Austria_NP0 ,_PUN all-in_DT0 lifecycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 of_PRF a_AT0 personal_AJ0 ,_PUN grid-charged_AJ0 Model_NN1 3_CRD are_VBB more_AV0 than_CJS 4x_NN0 lower_AJC than_CJS all-in_DT0 lifecycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 of_PRF an_AT0 equivalent_AJ0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 ._SENT 
EV_NN1 vs._PRP ICE_NN1 Vehicle_NN1 Emissions_NN2 per_PRP Mile_NN1 
China_NP0 
Despite_PRP a_AT0 higher-emissions_NN2 grid_NN1 in_PRP China_NP0 ,_PUN Model_NN1 3_CRD still_AV0 has_VHZ lower_AJC emissions_NN2 than_CJS comparable_AJ0 ICE_NN1 vehicles_NN2 
In_PRP China_NP0 ,_PUN much_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 grid_NN1 is_VBZ powered_VVN by_PRP coal_NN1 ._SENT That_DT0 said_VVD ,_PUN even_AV0 in_PRP this_DT0 scenario_NN1 ,_PUN charging_VVG a_AT0 Tesla_NP0 Model_NN1 3_CRD from_PRP the_AT0 grid_NN1 is_VBZ still_AV0 less_DT0 emission_NN1 intensive_AJ0 than_CJS running_VVG an_AT0 ICE_NN1 vehicle_NN1 ._SENT Just_AV0 like_VVB in_PRP Europe_NP0 ,_PUN we_PNP have_VHB assumed_VVN a_AT0 vehicle_NN1 lifetime_NN1 of_PRF 150_CRD ,_PUN 000_CRD miles_NN2 ._SENT 
We_PNP are_VBB expecting_VVG the_AT0 grid_NN1 mix_NN1 in_PRP China_NP0 to_TO0 improve_VVI dramatically_AV0 over_PRP time_NN1 as_CJS China_NP0 remains_VVZ a_AT0 dominant_AJ0 deployer_NN1 and_CJC manufacturer_NN1 of_PRF renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 ._SENT Sichuan_AJ0 Province_NN1 (_PUL with_PRP a_AT0 population_NN1 of_PRF 81_CRD million_CRD )_PUR is_VBZ a_AT0 great_AJ0 example_NN1 of_PRF this_DT0 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 province_NN1 ,_PUN given_VVN the_AT0 high_AJ0 percentage_NN1 of_PRF renewable_AJ0 energy_NN1 penetration_NN1 ,_PUN charging_VVG an_AT0 EV_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 grid_NN1 is_VBZ less_AV0 polluting_AJ0 than_CJS charging_VVG an_AT0 EV_NN1 in_PRP most_DT0 global_AJ0 countries_NN2 or_CJC states_NN2 ._SENT 
In_PRP conclusion_NN1 ,_PUN even_AV0 as_CJS of_PRF 2020_CRD ,_PUN charging_VVG a_AT0 Tesla_NP0 Model_NN1 3_CRD in_PRP any_DT0 of_PRF our_DPS major_AJ0 markets_NN2 is_VBZ more_AV0 environmentally_AV0 friendly_AJ0 than_CJS burning_AJ0 gasoline_NN1 ._SENT Considering_VVG that_CJT vehicles_NN2 are_VBB used_VVN for_PRP 17_CRD to_PRP 20_CRD years_NN2 before_PRP getting_VVG scrapped_VVN ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ reasonable_AJ0 to_TO0 assume_VVI that_CJT in_PRP the_AT0 coming_AJ0 years_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 gap_NN1 in_PRP emissions_NN2 per_PRP mile_NN1 between_PRP EVs_NN2 and_CJC ICEs_NN2 will_VM0 only_AV0 get_VVI wider_AJC ._SENT 
Reducing_VVG Carbon_NN1 Footprint_NN1 Even_AV0 Further_AV0 
Improving_AJ0 Powertrain_NN1 Efficiency_NN1 
Efficiency_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 Prius_NN1 ,_PUN performance_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 Porsche_NP0 
Tesla_NN1 vehicles_NN2 are_VBB known_VVN to_TO0 have_VHI the_AT0 highest_AJS energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_PRF any_DT0 EV_NN1 built_VVN to_PRP date_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP the_AT0 early_AJ0 days_NN2 of_PRF Model_NN1 S_ZZ0 production_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP were_VBD able_AJ0 to_TO0 achieve_VVI energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_PRF 3.1_CRD EPA_NP0 miles_NN2 /_PUN kWh_NN0 ._SENT Today_AV0 ,_PUN our_DPS most_DT0 efficient_AJ0 Model_NN1 3_CRD Standard_AJ0 Range_NN1 Plus_NN1 (_PUL SR+_NP0 )_PUR achieves_VVZ an_AT0 EPA_NP0 range_NN1 of_PRF 5.1_CRD miles_NN2 /_PUN kWh_NN0 ,_PUN higher_AJC than_CJS any_DT0 EV_NN1 in_PRP production_NN1 to_PRP date_NN1 ._SENT Model_NN1 Y_ZZ0 all-wheel_AJ0 drive_NN1 (_PUL AWD_NN1 )_PUR achieves_VVZ 4.2_CRD EPA_NP0 miles_NN2 /_PUN kWh_NN0 ,_PUN which_DTQ makes_VVZ it_PNP the_AT0 most_AV0 efficient_AJ0 electric_AJ0 SUV_NN1 produced_VVN to_PRP date_NN1 ._SENT The_AT0 gap_NN1 between_PRP Tesla_NP0 AWD_NN1 vehicle_NN1 efficiency_NN1 continues_VVZ to_TO0 stand_VVI out_AVP compared_VVN to_PRP competitors_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 segment_NN1 ._SENT While_CJS achieving_VVG the_AT0 best-in-class_AJ0 energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 ,_PUN our_DPS AWD_NN1 models_NN2 can_VM0 accelerate_VVI to_PRP 60_CRD mph_NN0 in_PRP just_AV0 3.7_CRD seconds_NN2 (_PUL 4.2s_CRD for_PRP Model_NN1 Y_ZZ0 )_PUR and_CJC reach_VVB a_AT0 top_AJ0 speed_NN1 of_PRF 145_CRD mph_NN0 (_PUL 135_CRD mph_NN0 for_PRP Model_NN1 Y_ZZ0 )_PUR ._SENT In_PRP isolation_NN1 ,_PUN high_AJ0 energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 is_VBZ already_AV0 difficult_AJ0 to_TO0 achieve_VVI ,_PUN but_CJC getting_VVG both_DT0 performance_NN1 and_CJC efficiency_NN1 is_VBZ the_AT0 tricky_AJ0 part_NN1 ._SENT 
Tesla_NP0 Robotaxis_NP0 will_VM0 be_VBI even_AV0 more_DT0 energy_NN1 efficient_AJ0 
The_AT0 energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 of_PRF Tesla_NN1 vehicles_NN2 will_VM0 continue_VVI to_TO0 improve_VVI over_PRP time_NN1 as_CJS we_PNP continue_VVB to_TO0 improve_VVI our_DPS technology_NN1 and_CJC powertrain_NN1 efficiency_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP is_VBZ also_AV0 reasonable_AJ0 to_TO0 assume_VVI that_CJT our_DPS high-mileage_AJ0 products_NN2 ,_PUN such_DT0 as_PRP our_DPS future_NN1 Tesla_NP0 Robotaxis_NP0 ,_PUN will_VM0 be_VBI designed_VVN for_PRP maximum_AJ0 energy_NN1 efficiency_NN1 as_PRP handling_NN1 ,_PUN acceleration_NN1 and_CJC top_NN1 speed_NN1 become_VVB less_AV0 relevant_AJ0 ._SENT This_DT0 will_VM0 minimize_VVI cost_NN1 for_PRP our_DPS customers_NN2 as_CJS well_AV0 as_CJS reduce_VVI the_AT0 carbon_NN1 footprint_NN1 per_PRP mile_NN1 driven_VVN ._SENT 
Reducing_VVG Carbon_NN1 Footprint_NN1 Even_AV0 Further_AV0 
Tesla_NP0 Manufacturing_NN1 Footprint_NN1 :_PUN Current_AJ0 Actions_NN2 
While_CJS emissions_NN2 from_PRP the_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 phase_NN1 can_VM0 account_VVI for_PRP a_AT0 relatively_AV0 minor_AJ0 portion_NN1 of_PRF lifetime_NN1 vehicle_NN1 emissions_NN2 when_CJS compared_VVN to_PRP the_AT0 use_NN1 phase_NN1 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ still_AV0 an_AT0 important_AJ0 part_NN1 of_PRF lifecycle_NN1 emissions_NN2 ._SENT These_DT0 are_VBB the_AT0 steps_NN2 that_CJT we_PNP are_VBB taking_VVG to_TO0 reduce_VVI the_AT0 manufacturing_NN1 GHG_NN1 footprint_NN1 :_PUN 
1._CRD Building_NN1 new_AJ0 ,_PUN better_AV0 designed_VVN ,_PUN more_AV0 efficient_AJ0 vehicle_NN1 factories_NN2 
Building_VVG a_AT0 factory_NN1 from_PRP the_AT0 ground_NN1 up_AVP with_PRP sustainability_NN1 in_PRP mind_NN1 can_VM0 have_VHI a_AT0 material_NN1 impact_NN1 on_PRP reducing_VVG energy_NN1 use_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP each_DT0 component_NN1 that_CJT requires_VVZ less_DT0 movement_NN1 around_PRP the_AT0 factory_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC as_CJS we_PNP use_VVB fewer_DT0 robots_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 vehicle_NN1 production_NN1 process_NN1 ,_PUN energy_NN1 consumption_NN1 declines_VVZ ._SENT 
Our_DPS Fremont_NP0 Factory_NN1 ,_PUN where_CJS we_PNP started_VVD operation_NN1 in_PRP 2010_CRD ,_PUN was_VBD built_VVN over_PRP 60_CRD years_NN2 ago_AV0 by_PRP established_AJ0 automotive_AJ0 original_AJ0 equipment_NN1 manufacturers_NN2 (_PUL OEM_NP0 )_PUR ._SENT While_CJS substantial_AJ0 improvements_NN2 have_VHB been_VBN implemented_VVN since_AV0 ,_PUN it_PNP was_VBD not_XX0 possible_AJ0 to_TO0 fundamentally_AV0 change_VVI the_AT0 layout_NN1 of_PRF this_DT0 facility_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP contrast_NN1 ,_PUN Tesla_NP0 's_POS newer_AJC factories_NN2 are_VBB built_VVN by_PRP us_PNP from_PRP the_AT0 ground_NN1 up_AVP and_CJC designed_VVN to_TO0 be_VBI sustainable_AJ0 and_CJC efficient_AJ0 ._SENT For_PRP example_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 delivery_NN1 truck_NN1 can_VM0 back_VVI up_AVP and_CJC offload_VVI components_NN2 at_PRP the_AT0 exact_AJ0 part_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 production_NN1 line_NN1 where_AVQ such_DT0 components_NN2 are_VBB needed_VVN —_PUN reducing_VVG emissions_NN2 associated_VVN with_PRP the_AT0 production_NN1 process_NN1 ._SENT 
