But_CJC the_AT0 latter_DT0 two_CRD variants_NN2 of_PRF rightwing_AJ0 populism_NN1 or_CJC neofascism_NN1 retain_VVB Cold_AJ0 War_NN1 attitudes_NN2 toward_PRP Russia_NP0 ._SENT Still_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 Kaczynski_NP0 regime_NN1 has_VHZ managed_VVN to_TO0 combine_VVI social_AJ0 welfare_NN1 measures_NN2 ,_PUN rightwing_AJ0 nationalism_NN1 ,_PUN Islamophobia_NP0 ,_PUN virulent_AJ0 heterosexism_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC anti-immigrant_AJ0 politics_NN1 into_PRP a_AT0 stew_NN1 that_CJT ,_PUN with_PRP the_AT0 exception_NN1 of_PRF its_DPS stance_NN1 toward_PRP Russia_NP0 ,_PUN is_VBZ quite_AV0 similar_AJ0 to_PRP Orban_NP0 's_POS Hungary_NP0 ._SENT 
Two_CRD things_NN2 stand_VVB out_AVP here_AV0 when_CJS one_PNI examines_VVZ the_AT0 US_NP0 case_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 light_NN1 of_PRF these_DT0 international_AJ0 dimensions_NN2 ._SENT One_PNI is_VBZ that_CJT in_PRP the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 ,_PUN a_AT0 major_AJ0 political_AJ0 party_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Republican_NN1 Party_NN1 ,_PUN has_VHZ evolved_VVN in_PRP just_AV0 a_AT0 few_DT0 years_NN2 into_PRP a_AT0 far-right_AJ0 ,_PUN nearly_AV0 neofascist_AJ0 party_NN1 ,_PUN with_PRP a_AT0 small_AJ0 '_PUQ moderate_AJ0 '_PUQ minority_NN1 ._SENT These_DT0 moderates_NN2 are_VBB quickly_AV0 purged_VVN if_CJS they_PNP express_VVB any_DT0 explicit_AJ0 opposition_NN1 to_PRP Trumpism_NN1 ._SENT Moreover_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 violent_AJ0 politics_NN1 of_PRF 6_CRD January_NP0 was_VBD so_AV0 extreme_AJ0 that_CJT even_AV0 European_AJ0 far-right_AJ0 groups_NN2 publicly_AV0 condemned_VVN such_DT0 use_NN1 of_PRF political_AJ0 violence_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 sense_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Trumpist_AJ0 Republican_NN1 Party_NN1 may_VM0 be_VBI both_AV0 more_AV0 powerful_AJ0 within_PRP its_DPS own_DT0 country_NN1 —_PUN except_CJS for_PRP the_AT0 case_NN1 of_PRF Orban_NP0 in_PRP Hungary_NP0 —_PUN and_CJC even_AV0 further_AV0 to_PRP the_AT0 right_NN1 than_CJS most_DT0 of_PRF its_DPS international_AJ0 counterparts_NN2 ._SENT Shockingly_AV0 ,_PUN Trumpism_NN1 can_VM0 be_VBI seen_VVN as_CJS further_AV0 to_PRP the_AT0 right_NN1 even_AV0 when_CJS one_PNI compares_VVZ it_PNP not_XX0 to_PRP mainstream_AJ0 conservatives_NN2 but_CJC to_PRP far-right_AJ0 parties_NN2 in_PRP Europe_NP0 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 6_CRD January_NP0 attack_NN1 was_VBD condemned_VVN by_PRP Marine_AJ0 Le_NP0 Pen_NP0 ,_PUN leader_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 National_AJ0 Rally_NN1 Party_NN1 ,_PUN itself_PNX often_AV0 termed_VVN neofascist_AJ0 ._SENT Of_PRF course_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 virulent_AJ0 radicalism_NN1 of_PRF Trumpism_NN1 is_VBZ connected_VVN ,_PUN as_CJS discussed_VVN earlier_AV0 ,_PUN to_PRP the_AT0 long_AJ0 history_NN1 of_PRF white_AJ0 mob_NN1 violence_NN1 ,_PUN state_NN1 violence_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC openly_AV0 authoritarian_AJ0 rule_NN1 that_CJT persisted_VVD in_PRP much_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 US_NP0 South_NN1 until_PRP the_AT0 1960s_CRD ._SENT 
A_AT0 second_ORD thing_NN1 that_CJT stands_VVZ out_AVP about_PRP the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 is_VBZ that_CJT ,_PUN because_CJS of_PRF the_AT0 Cold_AJ0 War_NN1 tradition_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 '_POS position_NN1 as_PRP the_AT0 leading_AJ0 imperial_AJ0 power_NN1 ,_PUN with_PRP Russia_NP0 continuing_VVG today_AV0 as_PRP a_AT0 military_AJ0 rival_NN1 and_CJC China_NN1 as_PRP an_AT0 economic_AJ0 one_PNI ,_PUN mainstream_AJ0 liberals_NN2 and_CJC old_AJ0 conservatives_NN2 continue_VVB to_TO0 be_VBI shocked_VVN by_PRP Trumpist_AJ0 complicity_NN1 with_PRP Russia_NP0 ._SENT These_DT0 traditional_AJ0 liberals_NN2 and_CJC conservatives_NN2 are_VBB even_AV0 more_AV0 shocked_AJ0 by_PRP how_AVQ exposés_NN2 of_PRF this_DT0 do_VDB not_XX0 seem_VVI to_TO0 budge_VVI his_DPS support_NN1 one_CRD iota_NN1 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN due_AJ0 to_PRP the_AT0 power_NN1 of_PRF habit_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 persistence_NN1 of_PRF old_AJ0 frames_NN2 of_PRF reference_NN1 that_CJT no_AT0 longer_AV0 fit_AJ0 the_AT0 present_AJ0 reality_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 section_NN1 of_PRF elite_NN1 opinion_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 media_NN0 (_PUL e.g._AV0 MSNBC-TV_NP0 )_PUR continue_VVB doggedly_AV0 —_PUN and_CJC ineffectually_AV0 —_PUN in_PRP their_DPS quest_NN1 to_TO0 '_PUQ expose_VVI '_PUQ what_DTQ is_VBZ already_AV0 obvious_AJ0 to_PRP Trump_NP0 's_POS own_DT0 followers_NN2 ,_PUN that_CJT he_PNP is_VBZ complicit_NN1 with_PRP Russia_NP0 ._SENT And_CJC in_PRP response_NN1 ,_PUN nostalgia_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 left_NN1 sometimes_AV0 leads_VVZ to_PRP defense_NN1 or_CJC minimization_NN1 of_PRF Russia_NP0 's_POS agenda_NN1 and_CJC its_DPS effect_NN1 (_PUL e.g._AV0 The_AT0 Nation_NN1 )_PUR ._SENT I_PNP would_VM0 suggest_VVI that_CJT we_PNP simply_AV0 need_VVB to_TO0 view_VVI Russia_NP0 as_CJS on_PRP the_AT0 whole_NN1 a_AT0 conservative_AJ0 ,_PUN even_AV0 reactionary_AJ0 ,_PUN power_NN1 ._SENT Nowadays_AV0 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ mainly_AV0 allied_VVN to_PRP far-right_AJ0 groups_NN2 around_PRP the_AT0 world_NN1 ,_PUN with_PRP exceptions_NN2 like_PRP its_DPS support_NN1 for_PRP regimes_NN2 with_PRP leftwing_AJ0 antecedents_NN2 like_PRP Cuba_NP0 and_CJC Venezuela_NP0 ._SENT But_CJC this_DT0 does_VDZ not_XX0 alter_VVI Russia_NP0 's_POS fundamental_AJ0 impact_NN1 or_CJC direction_NN1 at_PRP a_AT0 global_AJ0 level_NN1 ._SENT It_PNP even_AV0 seems_VVZ to_TO0 be_VBI lending_VVG some_DT0 support_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 Taliban_NP0 ,_PUN after_PRP its_DPS seizure_NN1 of_PRF power_NN1 in_PRP Afghanistan_NP0 in_PRP the_AT0 wake_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 collapse_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 US_NP0 client_NN1 regime_NN1 ._SENT 
Interrogating_VVG the_AT0 Rural_AJ0 –_PUN Urban_AJ0 Divide_NN1 
Much_DT0 ink_NN1 has_VHZ been_VBN spilled_VVN to_TO0 show_VVI that_DT0 Trumpism_NN1 's_POS base_NN1 lies_VVZ in_PRP smaller_AJC cities_NN2 and_CJC rural_AJ0 or_CJC exurban_AJ0 areas_NN2 ,_PUN whereas_CJS urban_AJ0 areas_NN2 are_VBB fairly_AV0 solidly_AV0 anti-Trump_AJ0 ._SENT Much_DT0 data_NN0 and_CJC historical_AJ0 experience_NN1 supports_VVZ such_DT0 patterns_NN2 ,_PUN going_VVG all_DT0 the_AT0 way_NN1 back_AVP to_PRP Karl_NP0 Marx_NP0 's_POS time_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC even_AV0 before_AV0 ._SENT In_PRP 1851_CRD ,_PUN the_AT0 French_AJ0 peasantry_NN1 formed_VVD a_AT0 mass_AJ0 base_NN1 of_PRF support_NN1 for_PRP the_AT0 Bonapartist_AJ0 coup_NN1 ,_PUN as_CJS Marx_NP0 noted_VVD in_PRP the_AT0 Eighteenth_ORD Brumaire_NN1 of_PRF Louis_NP0 Bonaparte_NP0 ._SENT Then_AV0 ,_PUN during_PRP the_AT0 Paris_NP0 Commune_NP0 of_PRF 1871_CRD ,_PUN the_AT0 rival_AJ0 bourgeois_AJ0 parliament_NN1 (_PUL dubbed_VVN the_AT0 '_PUQ rurales_NN2 '_PUQ by_PRP the_AT0 left_NN1 )_PUR gathered_VVD outside_PRP Paris_NP0 at_PRP Versailles_NP0 to_TO0 organize_VVI its_DPS repression_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP doing_VDG so_AV0 ,_PUN they_PNP drew_VVD upon_PRP troops_NN2 from_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 to_TO0 fight_VVI against_PRP the_AT0 '_PUQ godless_AJ0 '_PUQ working-class_AJ0 Communards_NN2 ._SENT Similar_AJ0 events_NN2 have_VHB been_VBN repeated_VVN ,_PUN up_AVP through_PRP and_CJC since_CJS ,_PUN as_CJS seen_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 unwillingness_NN1 of_PRF rank-and-file_AJ0 Chinese_AJ0 soldiers_NN2 repress_VVB the_AT0 student_NN1 –_PUN worker_NN1 uprising_NN1 of_PRF 1989_CRD ,_PUN whereupon_CJS troops_NN2 from_PRP faraway_NN1 rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 with_PRP a_AT0 little_AJ0 knowledge_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 ongoing_AJ0 events_NN2 were_VBD brought_VVN in_AVP to_TO0 do_VDI the_AT0 job_NN1 ._SENT 
Even_AV0 as_CJS he_PNP analyzed_VVD Bonapartism_NN1 and_CJC the_AT0 repression_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Commune_NN1 as_CJS drawing_VVG upon_PRP rural_AJ0 support_NN1 bases_NN2 ,_PUN Marx_NP0 attacked_VVD any_DT0 notion_NN1 of_PRF an_AT0 immutable_AJ0 rural_AJ0 conservatism_NN1 or_CJC a_AT0 permanent_AJ0 urban_AJ0 –_PUN rural_AJ0 divide_NN1 ._SENT For_PRP that_DT0 would_VM0 have_VHI doomed_VVN the_AT0 urban-based_AJ0 workers_NN2 '_POS revolution_NN1 to_PRP which_DTQ he_PNP devoted_VVD his_DPS life_NN1 ._SENT Instead_AV0 ,_PUN he_PNP called_VVD for_PRP a_AT0 peasant_NN1 uprising_NN1 in_PRP Germany_NP0 in_PRP the_AT0 1850s_CRD ,_PUN saluting_VVG the_AT0 publication_NN1 of_PRF Engels_NP0 '_POS 1850_CRD essay_NN1 ,_PUN The_AT0 Peasant_NN1 War_NN1 in_PRP Germany_NP0 ._SENT As_CJS the_AT0 US_NP0 Civil_AJ0 War_NN1 loomed_VVD ,_PUN Marx_NP0 noted_VVD the_AT0 initial_AJ0 opposition_NN1 to_PRP secession_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 part_NN1 of_PRF poor_AJ0 southern_AJ0 whites_NN2 from_PRP up-country_AV0 rural_AJ0 counties_NN2 ,_PUN carrying_VVG out_AVP a_AT0 careful_AJ0 analysis_NN1 of_PRF voting_NN1 returns_VVZ to_TO0 make_VVI his_DPS argument_NN1 ._SENT He_PNP also_AV0 wrote_VVD of_PRF possible_AJ0 class-based_AJ0 alliances_NN2 after_PRP the_AT0 Civil_AJ0 War_NN1 between_PRP these_DT0 poor_AJ0 whites_NN2 and_CJC formerly_AV0 enslaved_AJ0 Blacks_NN2 ,_PUN elements_NN2 of_PRF which_DTQ came_VVD about_AVP for_PRP a_AT0 time_NN1 during_PRP Reconstruction_NN1 ._SENT 
In_PRP addition_NN1 ,_PUN Marx_NP0 theorized_VVD at_PRP a_AT0 more_AV0 general_AJ0 level_NN1 the_AT0 revolutionary_AJ0 potential_NN1 of_PRF rural_AJ0 populations_NN2 in_PRP his_DPS own_DT0 time_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP his_DPS 1875_CRD Critique_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 Gotha_NP0 Program_NN1 ,_PUN he_PNP attacked_VVD the_AT0 notion_NN1 ,_PUN put_VVD forward_AV0 by_PRP the_AT0 German_AJ0 socialist_AJ0 Ferdinand_NP0 Lassalle_NP0 ,_PUN to_PRP the_AT0 effect_NN1 that_CJT other_AJ0 social_AJ0 classes_NN2 ,_PUN including_PRP the_AT0 peasantry_NN1 ,_PUN '_PUQ "_PUQ form_VVB only_AV0 one_CRD reactionary_AJ0 mass_NN1 "_PUQ in_PRP relation_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 working_AJ0 class_NN1 '_POS (_PUL Marx_NP0 ,_PUN in_PRP press_NN1 )_PUR ._SENT 
Marx_NP0 focused_VVD on_PRP this_DT0 issue_NN1 in_PRP a_AT0 more_AV0 specific_AJ0 way_NN1 in_PRP his_DPS late_AJ0 writings_NN2 ,_PUN which_DTQ explored_VVD village_NN1 and_CJC Indigenous_AJ0 societies_NN2 across_PRP the_AT0 globe_NN1 ,_PUN from_PRP India_NP0 and_CJC Russia_NP0 to_PRP the_AT0 Iroquois_NN1 of_PRF North_NP0 America_NP0 ._SENT In_PRP these_DT0 writings_NN2 ,_PUN he_PNP singled_VVD out_AVP the_AT0 Russian_AJ0 communal_AJ0 village_NN1 as_PRP a_AT0 locus_NN1 of_PRF resistance_NN1 that_CJT could_VM0 touch_VVI off_AVP a_AT0 wider_AJC European_AJ0 communist_AJ0 revolution_NN1 (_PUL Anderson_NP0 ,_PUN 2010_CRD ;_PUN Shanin_NP0 ,_PUN 1983_CRD )_PUR ._SENT 
Previous_AJ0 generations_NN2 of_PRF US_NP0 radicals_NN2 certainly_AV0 recognized_VVN at_PRP least_DT0 aspects_NN2 of_PRF this_DT0 problem_NN1 ,_PUN which_DTQ is_VBZ why_AVQ in_PRP the_AT0 early_AJ0 years_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 twentieth_ORD century_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Socialist_AJ0 Party_NN1 established_VVD the_AT0 headquarters_NN0 of_PRF its_DPS newspaper_NN1 ,_PUN Appeal_NN1 to_PRP Reason_NN1 ,_PUN not_XX0 in_PRP New_NP0 York_NP0 or_CJC Chicago_NP0 ,_PUN but_CJC in_PRP Girard_NP0 ,_PUN Kansas_NP0 ._SENT Unfortunately_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 Socialists_NN2 often_AV0 courted_VVD rural_AJ0 and_CJC sometimes_AV0 southern_AJ0 whites_NN2 by_PRP downplaying_VVG their_DPS critique_NN1 of_PRF racism_NN1 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN it_PNP was_VBD a_AT0 step_NN1 forward_AV0 when_CJS —_PUN despite_PRP other_AJ0 flaws_NN2 emanating_VVG from_PRP its_DPS Stalinist_AJ0 orientation_NN1 —_PUN the_AT0 Communist_AJ0 Party_NN1 fostered_VVD both_DT0 white_AJ0 folk_NN0 singers_NN2 like_PRP Woodie_NP0 Guthrie_NP0 and_CJC Black_AJ0 blues_NN2 singers_NN2 like_PRP Leadbelly_NP0 during_PRP the_AT0 Great_AJ0 Depression_NN1 ._SENT This_DT0 was_VBD an_AT0 example_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 wide_AJ0 recognition_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 need_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 part_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 socialist_AJ0 left_NN1 to_TO0 reach_VVI out_AVP beyond_PRP its_DPS bases_NN2 in_PRP big_AJ0 cities_NN2 and_CJC university_NN1 towns_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC to_TO0 connect_VVI to_PRP progressive_AJ0 forms_NN2 of_PRF populism_NN1 in_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 ._SENT This_DT0 attitude_NN1 may_VM0 be_VBI in_PRP shorter_AJC supply_NN1 today_AV0 ._SENT 
It_PNP is_VBZ also_AV0 important_AJ0 to_TO0 note_VVI that_CJT in_PRP many_DT0 countries_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 included_VVD ,_PUN rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 contain_VVB significant_AJ0 populations_NN2 of_PRF oppressed_AJ0 ethnic_AJ0 minorities_NN2 ._SENT These_DT0 minorities_NN2 may_VM0 constitute_VVI a_AT0 sizable_AJ0 portion_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 population_NN1 in_PRP certain_AJ0 rural_AJ0 regions_NN2 ._SENT These_DT0 populations_NN2 have_VHB often_AV0 mobilized_VVN against_PRP the_AT0 dominant_AJ0 classes_NN2 of_PRF rural_AJ0 regions_NN2 even_AV0 when_CJS local_AJ0 members_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 majority_NN1 population_NN1 have_VHB not_XX0 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN they_PNP can_VM0 be_VBI important_AJ0 and_CJC reliable_AJ0 allies_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 left_NN1 ._SENT To_TO0 take_VVI three_CRD prominent_AJ0 examples_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 rural_AJ0 US_NP0 South_NP0 has_VHZ for_PRP centuries_NN2 contained_VVD a_AT0 large_AJ0 Black_AJ0 population_NN1 (_PUL in_PRP some_DT0 states_NN2 and_CJC counties_NN2 actually_AV0 a_AT0 majority_NN1 )_PUR ,_PUN the_AT0 West_NP0 Coast_NN1 agricultural_AJ0 belt_NN1 has_VHZ featured_VVN important_AJ0 populations_NN2 of_PRF mainly_AV0 Latinx_NN1 farmworkers_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC the_AT0 upper_AJ0 Midwest_NN1 includes_VVZ a_AT0 significant_AJ0 Native_AJ0 American_AJ0 population_NN1 ,_PUN all_DT0 of_PRF them_PNP key_AJ0 social_AJ0 bases_NN2 for_PRP the_AT0 left_NN1 ._SENT Similarly_AV0 ,_PUN the_AT0 Russian_AJ0 Tsarist_AJ0 empire_NN1 's_POS grain_NN1 belt_NN1 comprised_VVD an_AT0 important_AJ0 Ukrainian_AJ0 population_NN1 ,_PUN whose_DTQ national_AJ0 aspirations_NN2 became_VVD a_AT0 crucial_AJ0 factor_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 1917_CRD revolution_NN1 ._SENT Again_AV0 ,_PUN in_PRP similar_AJ0 fashion_NN1 ,_PUN today_AV0 's_POS rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 of_PRF Iran_NP0 ,_PUN Iraq_NP0 ,_PUN Turkey_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC Syria_NP0 contain_VVB large_AJ0 numbers_NN2 of_PRF Kurds_NN2 ,_PUN another_DT0 oppressed_AJ0 minority_NN1 that_CJT has_VHZ been_VBN at_PRP the_AT0 forefront_NN1 of_PRF many_DT0 progressive_AJ0 movements_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 region_NN1 ._SENT Again_AV0 ,_PUN these_DT0 kinds_NN2 of_PRF social_AJ0 facts_NN2 show_VVB that_CJT it_PNP is_VBZ a_AT0 distortion_NN1 to_TO0 speak_VVI of_PRF rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 as_CJS uniformly_AV0 conservative_AJ0 or_CJC racist_AJ0 ._SENT 
Among_PRP the_AT0 industrially_AV0 developed_AJ0 countries_NN2 of_PRF Western_AJ0 Europe_NP0 and_CJC North_NP0 America_NP0 ,_PUN one_CRD striking_AJ0 recent_AJ0 example_NN1 of_PRF the_AT0 mobilization_NN1 for_PRP progressive_AJ0 change_NN1 on_PRP the_AT0 part_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 rural_AJ0 —_PUN or_CJC at_PRP least_AV0 decidedly_AV0 non-urban_AJ0 —_PUN population_NN1 was_VBD the_AT0 Yellow_AJ0 Vests_NN2 movement_NN1 of_PRF 2018_CRD –_PUN 2019_CRD in_PRP France_NP0 ._SENT Initially_AV0 ,_PUN a_AT0 protest_NN1 against_PRP higher_AJC gasoline_NN1 taxes_NN2 ,_PUN its_DPS participants_NN2 occupied_VVD the_AT0 country_NN1 's_POS ubiquitous_AJ0 roundabouts_NN2 ,_PUN shutting_VVG down_AVP automobile_NN1 traffic_NN1 ._SENT President_NP0 Emmanuel_NP0 Macron_NP0 ,_PUN elected_VVN as_PRP a_AT0 moderate_AJ0 alternative_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 neofascist_AJ0 National_AJ0 Rally_NN1 Party_NN1 ,_PUN responded_VVN with_PRP brutal_AJ0 and_CJC unremitting_AJ0 violence_NN1 to_PRP these_DT0 '_PUQ illegal_AJ0 '_PUQ actions_NN2 ._SENT At_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Yellow_AJ0 Vests_NN2 ,_PUN who_PNQ comprised_VVD many_DT0 women_NN2 ,_PUN soon_AV0 deepened_VVD the_AT0 social_AJ0 character_NN1 of_PRF their_DPS demands_NN2 in_PRP order_NN1 to_TO0 feature_VVI issues_NN2 like_PRP raising_VVG the_AT0 minimum_AJ0 wage_NN1 ,_PUN smaller_AJC class_NN1 sizes_NN2 in_PRP the_AT0 public_AJ0 schools_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC a_AT0 halt_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 closure_NN1 of_PRF public_AJ0 facilities_NN2 like_PRP post_NN1 offices_NN2 and_CJC train_NN1 lines_NN2 in_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 ._SENT At_PRP their_DPS peak_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Yellow_AJ0 Vests_NN2 were_VBD able_AJ0 to_TO0 shut_VVI down_AVP large_AJ0 sectors_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 economy_NN1 ,_PUN at_PRP a_AT0 level_NN1 not_XX0 seen_VVN since_PRP 1968_CRD (_PUL Anderson_NP0 ,_PUN 2018_CRD ;_PUN Coquard_NP0 ,_PUN 2018_CRD )_PUR ._SENT 
A_AT0 somewhat_AV0 similar_AJ0 dynamic_NN1 emerged_VVN in_PRP the_AT0 US_NP0 teachers_NN2 strikes_NN2 ,_PUN also_AV0 in_PRP 2018_CRD ,_PUN which_DTQ began_VVD in_PRP West_NP0 Virginia_NP0 but_CJC soon_AV0 spread_VVN to_PRP Oklahoma_NP0 ,_PUN Kentucky_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC Arizona_NP0 ,_PUN which_DTQ are_VBB hardly_AV0 industrial_AJ0 ,_PUN liberal_AJ0 ,_PUN or_CJC very_AV0 union-friendly_AJ0 states_NN2 ._SENT As_CJS Lois_NP0 Weiner_NP0 writes_VVZ ,_PUN these_DT0 strikes_NN2 did_VDD not_XX0 limit_VVI themselves_PNX to_PRP wage_NN1 demands_NN2 ,_PUN important_AJ0 as_CJS these_DT0 were_VBD in_PRP states_NN2 where_CJS extremely_AV0 low_AJ0 wages_NN2 were_VBD forcing_VVG teachers_NN2 into_PRP second_ORD jobs_NN2 ._SENT She_PNP notes_VVZ that_DT0 '_POS gender_NN1 and_CJC race_NN1 influenced_VVD the_AT0 movement_NN1 '_POS ,_PUN which_DTQ also_AV0 exemplified_VVD '_PUQ workers_NN2 '_POS self-organization_NN1 '_PUQ (_PUL Weiner_NP0 ,_PUN 2018_CRD :_PUN 4_CRD )_PUR ._SENT Furthermore_AV0 ,_PUN these_DT0 strikes_NN2 were_VBD '_PUQ laying_VVG the_AT0 ground_NN1 for_PRP a_AT0 new_AJ0 labor_NN1 movement_NN1 in_PRP the_AT0 South_NN1 '_POS (_PUL Weiner_NP0 ,_PUN 2018_CRD :_PUN 12_CRD )_PUR ._SENT Unlike_PRP the_AT0 much_AV0 larger_AJC Yellow_AJ0 Vests_NN2 ,_PUN who_PNQ were_VBD eventually_AV0 worn_VVN down_AVP by_PRP the_AT0 harsh_AJ0 tactics_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 French_AJ0 police_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 US_NP0 teachers_NN2 won_VVD some_DT0 gains_NN2 ._SENT 
Conclusion_NN1 
In_PRP sum_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 Trump-dominated_AJ0 Republican_NN1 party_NN1 has_VHZ moved_VVN in_PRP a_AT0 dangerous_AJ0 ,_PUN neofascist_AJ0 direction_NN1 ,_PUN with_PRP a_AT0 mass_AJ0 base_NN1 in_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 and_CJC also_AV0 among_PRP elements_NN2 of_PRF the_AT0 white_AJ0 middle_NN1 and_CJC working_AJ0 classes_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC with_PRP a_AT0 huge_AJ0 financial_AJ0 base_NN1 from_PRP wealthy_AJ0 donors_NN2 ._SENT It_PNP is_VBZ a_AT0 constituency_NN1 that_CJT has_VHZ been_VBN created_VVN through_PRP a_AT0 kind_NN1 of_PRF overtly_AV0 racist_AJ0 appeal_NN1 that_CJT many_DT0 thought_NN1 had_VHD vanished_VVN after_PRP the_AT0 1960s_CRD ._SENT Trumpism_NN1 is_VBZ thus_AV0 in_PRP continuity_NN1 with_PRP older_AJC pro-slavery_AJ0 and_CJC openly_AV0 racist_AJ0 movements_NN2 going_VVG back_AVP to_PRP 1861_CRD ,_PUN while_CJS at_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 forming_VVG part_NN1 of_PRF a_AT0 new_AJ0 ,_PUN global_AJ0 surge_NN1 of_PRF neofascism_NN1 ._SENT 
In_PRP the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 ,_PUN people_NN0 of_PRF color_NN1 ,_PUN women_NN2 ,_PUN the_AT0 LGBTQ_NP0 community_NN1 ,_PUN most_DT0 of_PRF the_AT0 unionized_AJ0 working_AJ0 class_NN1 ,_PUN environmentalists_NN2 ,_PUN and_CJC many_DT0 youths_NN2 form_VVB a_AT0 solid_AJ0 wall_NN1 of_PRF resistance_NN1 against_PRP the_AT0 fascist_AJ0 threat_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP responding_VVG to_PRP it_PNP ,_PUN however_AV0 ,_PUN it_PNP is_VBZ important_AJ0 to_TO0 recognize_VVI that_CJT rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 are_VBB not_XX0 uniformly_AV0 pro-fascist_AJ0 ,_PUN that_DT0 rural_AJ0 whites_NN2 are_VBB not_XX0 uniformly_AV0 or_CJC permanently_AV0 Trumpist_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC that_CJT these_DT0 areas_NN2 comprise_VVB significant_AJ0 numbers_NN2 of_PRF people_NN0 of_PRF color_NN1 ._SENT In_PRP this_DT0 sense_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP need_VVB to_TO0 avoid_VVI the_AT0 Lassallean_NP0 trap_NN1 of_PRF painting_VVG rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 as_PRP uniformly_AV0 '_POS reactionary_AJ0 '_PUQ ._SENT In_PRP analyzing_VVG the_AT0 possibilities_NN2 of_PRF resistance_NN1 to_PRP Trumpism_NN1 ,_PUN and_CJC of_PRF neofascism_NN1 more_AV0 generally_AV0 ,_PUN Marxist_AJ0 and_CJC critical_AJ0 social_AJ0 theory_NN1 needs_VVZ therefore_AV0 to_TO0 focus_VVI on_PRP Bakersfield_NP0 as_CJS much_AV0 as_CJS Los_NP0 Angeles_NP0 ,_PUN on_PRP rural_AJ0 Georgia_NP0 as_CJS well_AV0 as_CJS Atlanta_NP0 ,_PUN and_CJC on_PRP rural_AJ0 France_NP0 as_CJS well_AV0 as_CJS Paris_NP0 ._SENT 
The_AT0 neofascist_AJ0 threat_NN1 today_AV0 in_PRP the_AT0 United_NP0 States_NP0 is_VBZ deep_AJ0 ,_PUN and_CJC may_VM0 be_VBI deepening_AJ0 as_PRP the_AT0 Trump_NN1 base_NN1 moves_VVZ increasingly_AV0 toward_PRP attitudes_NN2 that_CJT justify_VVB violence_NN1 and_CJC other_AJ0 extralegal_AJ0 means_NN0 ._SENT Second_ORD ,_PUN the_AT0 blatant_AJ0 attempts_NN2 to_TO0 suppress_VVI the_AT0 vote_NN1 in_PRP many_DT0 states_NN2 ,_PUN disproportionately_AV0 but_CJC not_XX0 exclusively_AV0 southern_AJ0 ones_NN2 ,_PUN show_VVB a_AT0 dangerous_AJ0 slide_NN1 toward_PRP openly_AV0 anti-democratic_AJ0 politics_NN1 ._SENT Third_ORD ,_PUN the_AT0 advocacy_NN1 of_PRF overturning_VVG electoral_AJ0 majorities_NN2 through_PRP manipulation_NN1 by_PRP state_NN1 officials_NN2 carries_VVZ with_PRP it_PNP a_AT0 real_AJ0 danger_NN1 of_PRF civil_AJ0 conflict_NN1 or_CJC even_AV0 a_AT0 slide_NN1 toward_PRP civil_AJ0 war_NN1 ._SENT All_DT0 three_CRD of_PRF these_DT0 developments_NN2 are_VBB racialized_AJ0 ,_PUN both_AV0 directly_AV0 and_CJC indirectly_AV0 ._SENT This_DT0 is_VBZ what_DTQ ties_VVZ Trumpism_NN1 to_PRP the_AT0 1861_CRD pro-slavery_AJ0 mob_NN1 that_CJT attempted_VVD to_TO0 overturn_VVI Lincoln_NP0 's_POS election_NN1 ._SENT But_CJC as_CJS argued_VVN earlier_AV0 ,_PUN Trumpism_NN1 also_AV0 exhibits_VVZ many_DT0 features_NN2 that_CJT might_VM0 be_VBI called_VVN neofascism_NN1 ,_PUN a_AT0 more_AV0 modern_AJ0 phenomenon_NN1 ._SENT How_AVQ these_DT0 aspects_NN2 connect_VVB to_PRP each_DT0 other_NN1 needs_VVZ to_TO0 be_VBI specified_VVN more_AV0 if_CJS we_PNP are_VBB to_TO0 mount_VVI a_AT0 successful_AJ0 challenge_NN1 to_PRP Trumpism_NN1 ._SENT At_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 ,_PUN we_PNP should_VM0 ,_PUN as_CJS I_PNP have_VHB argued_VVN ,_PUN avoid_VVB the_AT0 Lassallean_NP0 trap_NN1 by_PRP focusing_VVG more_AV0 on_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 and_CJC by_PRP viewing_VVG them_PNP dialectically_AV0 ,_PUN not_XX0 as_PRP monoliths_NN2 but_CJC ,_PUN like_PRP the_AT0 rest_NN1 of_PRF society_NN1 ,_PUN as_CJS riven_VVN by_PRP social_AJ0 contradictions_NN2 ._SENT Thus_AV0 ,_PUN we_PNP need_VVB to_TO0 recognize_VVI ,_PUN on_PRP one_CRD hand_NN1 ,_PUN the_AT0 deep_AJ0 racism_NN1 of_PRF US_NP0 society_NN1 over_PRP the_AT0 centuries_NN2 and_CJC its_DPS connection_NN1 to_PRP rural_AJ0 areas_NN2 ,_PUN while_CJS at_PRP the_AT0 same_DT0 time_NN1 ,_PUN viewing_VVG those_DT0 areas_NN2 —_PUN or_CJC at_PRP least_AV0 significant_AJ0 portions_NN2 of_PRF them_PNP —_PUN also_AV0 as_CJS potential_AJ0 sites_NN2 of_PRF resistance_NN1 to_PRP Trumpism_NN1 ._SENT A_AT0 truly_AV0 dialectical_AJ0 analysis_NN1 requires_VVZ nothing_PNI less_AV0 ._SENT 
